Menopause-Related Symptoms and Influencing Factors in Mosuo, Yi, and Han Middle-Aged Women in China.Jinyi Wang,Yezhe Lin,Limin Gao,Xingjun Li,Chunhua He,Maosheng Ran &Xudong Zhao -2022 -Frontiers in Psychology 13.detailsAlthough previous studies showed that women’s menopause-related symptoms varied in different ethnic groups and countries, and were affected by specific social and cultural factors, few studies have been conducted to explore menopause-related symptoms and its influencing factors in middle-aged women among ethnic groups in China. This study aimed to explore the characteristics of menopause-related symptoms and its influencing factors among Mosuo, Yi, and Han women in Yongning area of Yunnan province, China. A cross-cultural design by snowball sampling method was used (...) to recruit 208 women aged 40–60 from Yongning Township, Ninglang County, Yunnan province, China. The 11-item Menopause Rating Scale was used to assess menopause-related symptoms. Compared with Yi and Han women, Mosuo women were accorded the highest family status. Multiple linear regression analyses showed that ethnicity, age, family support, and family decision-making patterns were associated with the severity of menopause-related symptoms. Yi and Han women had more severe menopause-related symptoms than Mosuo women. Among the three groups, women living in “female-dominated” and “co-deliberated” households had significantly lower scores of menopause-related symptoms than those in “male-dominated” households. This study indicates that menopause-related symptoms vary among middle-aged women in different ethnic groups. A higher level of female status in the family and family support may be protective factors of menopause-related symptoms in middle-aged women. (shrink)
Aesthetic Judgment: The Power of the Mind in Understanding Confucianism.Xie Xialing &GaoLimin -2009 -Frontiers of Philosophy in China 4 (1):38 - 51.detailsMou Zongsan incorrectly uses Kant's practical reason to interpret Confucianism. The saying that "what is it that we have in common in our minds? It is the il 理 (principles) and the yi 义 (righteousness)" reveals how Mencius explains the origin of il and yi through a theory of common sense. In "the li and the yi please our minds, just as the flesh of beef and mutton and pork please our mouths," "please" is used twice, proving aesthetic judgment is (...) necessary to understanding Mencius. An analysis of Zhu Xi and Wang Yangming's ideas will show that Confucianism should be interpreted by appealing to aesthetic judgment, and a discussion of Kant's theory of judgment and Gadamer's critique of Kant's theory will support the same point. The conclusion is that Chinese moral philosophy should be interpreted through aesthetic judgment. /// 牟宗三以康德实践理性解说儒学是一错误思路。"心之所同然者何也?谓理 也,义也", 表明孟子以共通感论述理义来源, "理义之悦我心,犹当拳之悦我口" 两用 "悦" 字,证明应当以直感判断力解说孟子。分析朱子、阳明的一些言论证 明以直感判断力解说儒学则若合符节; 并引述康德关于判断力的相关学说、伽达 默尔对康德的批评支持上述论点; 从而主张,中国道德哲学宜以直感判断力来解 释。. (shrink)
(1 other version)On the Essence of Man.Gao Ertai -1993 -Contemporary Chinese Thought 25 (1):27-53.detailsAs all past philosophies superseded religion, their systems were established on the basis of comprehending a true human essence. As Marx pointed out, after first elaborating various concepts of religion, politics, morality, legal philosophy, and aesthetics, philosophers then kowtowed and became the slaves to those very concepts. Such a condition should be completely altered. From the time when Marx voiced these criticisms and placed "man" at the center of world history, while also pointing out that establishing the position of the (...) subject is proof of human freedom—that is, of human essence—and from the time when Marx emphasized that the real human world, including various social relations, ideological states, and the natural world "possessed by man," is the product of human creativity and a human manifestation formed in history and developed historically, and that man should and can emancipate himself from all that, all previous notions of the human essence became outdated and were no longer worth being seriously debated. From that time on, the philosophy of "man" has transcended the realm of speculative philosophy and gained unprecedented significance both in practice and in reality, and has become an active, initiating force in the modern socialist movement. (shrink)
Credal pragmatism.Jie Gao -2019 -Philosophical Studies 176 (6):1595-1617.detailsAccording to doxastic pragmatism, certain perceived practical factors, such as high stakes and urgency, have systematic effects on normal subjects’ outright beliefs. Upholders of doxastic pragmatism have so far endorsed a particular version of this view, which we may call threshold pragmatism. This view holds that the sensitivity of belief to the relevant practical factors is due to a corresponding sensitivity of the threshold on the degree of credence necessary for outright belief. According to an alternative but yet unrecognised version (...) of doxastic pragmatism, practical factors affect credence rather than the threshold on credence. Let’s call this alternative view credal pragmatism. In this paper, I argue that credal pragmatism is more plausible than threshold pragmatism. I show that the former view better accommodates a cluster of intuitive and empirical data. I conclude by considering the issue of whether our doxastic attitudes’ sensitivity to practical factors can be considered rational, and if yes, in what sense. (shrink)
Gao heng zi xue yan jiu wei kan gao.Heng Gao -2011 - Nanjing Shi: Feng huang chu ban she.detailsLaozi zhe xue -- Zhuangzi zhe xue za lun -- Xian Qin zhu zi yan jiu wen xian mu lu.
Stabilization and Synchronization of Memristive Chaotic Circuits by Impulsive Control.Limin Zou,Yang Peng,Yuming Feng &Zhengwen Tu -2017 -Complexity:1-10.detailsThe purpose of this note is to study impulsive control and synchronization of memristor based chaotic circuits shown by Muthuswamy. We first establish a less conservative sufficient condition for the stability of memristor based chaotic circuits. After that, we discuss the effect of errors on stability. Meanwhile, we also discuss impulsive synchronization of two memristor based chaotic systems. Our results are more general and more applicable than the ones shown by Yang, Li, and Huang. Finally, several numerical examples are given (...) to show the effectiveness of our methods. (shrink)
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Local Social Environment, Firm Tax Policy, and Firm Characteristics.Ziqi Gao,Louise Yi Lu &Yangxin Yu -2019 -Journal of Business Ethics 158 (2):487-506.detailsThis study examines the conditions under which local social environments are likely to influence corporate tax behavior. Using a social capital index at the county level, we find that on average, social capital reduces firms’ aggressive tax avoidance behavior. The impact of social capital on corporate tax avoidance is weaker when managers are under excessive pressure to meet earnings targets, during the periods of financial constraints, and when managers are incentivized to undertake risk. We further find that corporate tax avoidance (...) activities engaged by firms headquartered in high-social-capital counties tend to be less value-increasing, indicating that potential social sanctions in these areas may reduce the benefits of tax avoidance activities accrue to firms. However, the negative impact of tax avoidance on firm value in high-social-capital counties tends to be lower for firms with strong corporate governance, which suggests that managers in well-governed firms can better exploit tax avoidance opportunities. Overall, our evidence is consistent with our conjecture that although the local social environments have a significant influence on corporate tax behavior, this influence is fragile in the presence of excessive earnings pressure, financial constraints, and equity risk incentives. (shrink)
Materiales Para Una Autobiografía Filosófica: Confesiones Profesionales, Otros Ensayos y Papeles. Seguido de "Una Tarde Con Mi Padre" Por Ángeles Gaos de Camacho ; Advertencia y Selección de Adolfo Castañón.José Gaos -2016 - Iberoamericana Vervuert.detailsEstas páginas reúnen una serie de escritos personales, testimoniales o autobiográficos del filósofo, traductor, escritor y profesor José Gaos, uno de los pensadores de la lengua española más importantes e influyentes del siglo xx. Nace el presente libro de la necesidad práctica de tener un conjunto de textos suyos que contribuyan a dibujar su enérgico y rico perfil intelectual, filosófico y literario; y a la de explicar en cierto modo la fecundidad de la reflexión crítica diseminada en el orbe de (...) la lengua española, de la cual él mismo es en parte responsable, gracias a su misión y vocación intelectuales. El libro se abre con una introducción de Adolfo Castañón, académico de número de la Real Academia Mexicana de la Lengua, poeta, ensayista, editor, crítico literario y bibliófilo. En 2009 fue ganador del Premio Xavier Villaurrutia de 2008, máximo galardón para las letras mexicanas, por Viaje a México. Ensayos, crónicas y retratos, publicado por Iberoamericana Vervuert. El colofón corre a cargo de Ángeles Gaos de Camacho, quien evoca la imagen de su padre, en un emotivo monólogo. (shrink)
Computably enumerable equivalence relations.Su Gao &Peter Gerdes -2001 -Studia Logica 67 (1):27-59.detailsWe study computably enumerable equivalence relations (ceers) on N and unravel a rich structural theory for a strong notion of reducibility among ceers.
Complexity Ranks of Countable Models.Su Gao -2007 -Notre Dame Journal of Formal Logic 48 (1):33-48.detailsWe define some variations of the Scott rank for countable models and obtain some inequalities involving the ranks. For mono-unary algebras we prove that the game rank of any subtree does not exceed the game rank of the whole model. However, similar questions about linear orders remain unresolved.
The relationship between Chinese preschool principal leadership styles and teacher leadership: Exploring the mediating effect of psychological capital.Limin Zhang,Tingting Wu,Lijia Liu,Ping Ren &Chaopai Lin -2022 -Frontiers in Psychology 13.detailsEnhancing teacher leadership is not only one of the approaches to improving teaching and learning, but it is also essential to the success of education reform. Based on leader-member exchange theory, 294 preschool teachers in China were surveyed, and a structural equation model was established to explore the relationship between the participating teachers' principal leadership style, teacher leadership and psychological capital. The findings revealed a significant positive correlation between transformational and transactional leadership styles and preschool teacher leadership. The laissez-faire leadership (...) style had no correlation with preschool teacher leadership. The transformational leadership style and transactional leadership style were significantly and positively correlated with psychological capital, while the laissez-faire leadership style was significantly and negatively correlated with psychological capital. The transformational leadership style can positively influence preschool teacher leadership directly and indirectly through psychological capital; and the transactional leadership style can only positively influence preschool teacher leadership indirectly through the mediating role of psychological capital. Preschool teachers' leadership can neither be directly influenced by a laissez-faire leadership style nor be indirectly influenced through the mediating role of psychological capital. (shrink)
Autour de Gao Xingjian: éthique et esthétique pour aujourd'hui: colloque international de Marseille, 6 décembre 2003.Xingjian Gao (ed.) -2003 - Gémenos, France: Diffusion Vilo.detailsPersonnage central de la littérature mondiale, prix Nobel 2000, Gao Xingjian est également peintre, dramaturge, chorégraphe, cinéaste et photographe. En quête de l'art total, tel Leonardo, il développe avec une infinie rigueur la théorie de l'engagement du créateur dans le réel au delà de toute ingérence politique. Avec quelques-unes des grandes figures de la culture internationale il engage le débat sur l'éthique et l'esthétique au cours d'un mémorable colloque organisé à Marseille dans le cadre surréel d'une incroyable Année Gao. Tous (...) les textes de cet ouvrage de référence sont des jalons précieux pour qui veut discerner les grandes alternatives de l'histoire de l'art au croisement des siècles et des millénaires de l'histoire des hommes. (shrink)
Quantum collapse, consciousness and superluminal communication.Shan Gao -2004 -Foundations Of Physics Letters 17 (2):167-182.detailsThe relation between quantum collapse, consciousness and superluminal communication is analyzed. As we know, quantum collapse, if exists, can result in the appearance of quantum nonlocality, and requires the existence of a pre- ferred Lorentz frame. This may permit the realization of quantum superluminal communication (QSC), which will no longer result in the usual causal loop in case of the existence of a preferred Lorentz frame. The possibility of the existence of QSC is further analyzed under the assumption that quantum (...) collapse is a real process. We demonstrate that the combination of quantum collapse and the consciousness of the observer will permit the observer to distinguish nonorthogonal states in principle. This provides a possible way to realize QSC. Some implications of the existence of QSC are briefy discussed. (shrink)
Kant’s virtue theory.Gao Guoxi -2010 -Frontiers of Philosophy in China 5 (2):266-279.detailsBy focusing on human virtues rather than the general morality of rational beings, Kant’s virtue theory presents systematic arguments from the perspectives of reason and experiential emotion, norms and disposition, spirituality and humanity, etc., which is of great significance to an overall understanding of Kantian ethics, thus clarifying misunderstandings from the past decades.
The Stories of Four Words.Gao Jianping -2007 -Filozofski Vestnik 28 (2):203 - +.detailsIn the paper I trace the histories of four terms. All four words were originally translated from western languages or Russian, but have attained new meanings in China. The first is the "principle of the Party literature," an expression made by V. I. Lenin, which remained influential in China for a very long time. The change in its translation to the "principle of Party publication" eventually became a part of the ideological liberation of the early 1980s. The second is "imaged (...) thought." This term enabled Chinese literature to separate itself from the political ideology after the Cultural Revolution. The third is "subjectivity," a term originally translated as zhuguanxing, and then as zhutixing, which in the ears of Chinese philosophers substantially changed from a term with a negative sense, to one with a positive sense, and which paved the way for a philosophical revolution in China. The fourth is "ontology". The Chinese mixed the ontology criticized by Kant with the doctrine of noumena implied by Kant's philosophy, with ontology thus gaining its special meanings in Chinese philosophy and aesthetics. By presenting the histories of four terms, the author attempts to demonstrate how one and the same term can be ascribed different meanings in different cultures, and how it undergoes specific changes and historical transformations. (shrink)
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God does play dice with the universe: a startling new picture of the world Einstein could not believe but you can understand.Shan Gao -2008 - Bury St. Edmunds, Suffolk: Arima.detailsScience has made a mighty advance since it originated in ancient Greece more than 2500 years ago. Yet we still live in Plato's cave today; we think everything around us moves continuously, but continuous motion is merely a shadow of real motion. This book will lead you to walk out the cave along a logical and comprehensible road. After passing Zeno's arrow, Newton's inertia, Einstein's light, and Schrodinger's cat, you will reach the real world, where every thing in the universe, (...) whether it is an atom or a ball or even a star, ceaselessly jumps in a random and discontinuous way. In a famous metaphor, God does play dice with the universe. Discovering motion is not continuous but discontinuous and random is like finding the Earth is not at rest but moving. The new discovery may finally solve Zeno's paradoxes and the quantum puzzle, and it will lead to a profound shift in our world view. (shrink)
Meaning of the wave function.Shan Gao -2010detailsWe investigate the meaning of the wave function by analyzing the mass and charge density distributions of a quantum system. According to protective measurement, a charged quantum system has effective mass and charge density distributing in space, proportional to the square of the absolute value of its wave function. In a realistic interpretation, the wave function of a quantum system can be taken as a description of either a physical field or the ergodic motion of a particle. The essential difference (...) between a field and the ergodic motion of a particle lies in the property of simultaneity; a field exists throughout space simultaneously, whereas the ergodic motion of a particle exists throughout space in a time-divided way. If the wave function is a physical field, then the mass and charge density will be distributed in space simultaneously for a charged quantum system, and thus there will exist gravitational and electrostatic self-interactions of its wave function. This not only violates the superposition principle of quantum mechanics but also contradicts experimental observations. Thus the wave function cannot be a description of a physical field but a description of the ergodic motion of a particle. For the later there is only a localized particle with mass and charge at every instant, and thus there will not exist any self-interaction for the wave function. Which kind of ergodic motion of particles then? It is argued that the classical ergodic models, which assume continuous motion of particles, cannot be consistent with quantum mechanics. Based on the negative result, we suggest that the wave function is a description of the quantum motion of particles, which is random and discontinuous in nature. On this interpretation, the square of the absolute value of the wave function not only gives the probability of the particle being found in certain locations, but also gives the probability of the particle being there. We show that this new interpretation of the wave function provides a natural realistic alternative to the orthodox interpretation, and its implications for other realistic interpretations of quantum mechanics are also briefly discussed. (shrink)
Instrumental and Integrative Logics in Business Sustainability.Jijun Gao &Pratima Bansal -2013 -Journal of Business Ethics 112 (2):241-255.detailsPrior research on sustainability in business often assumes that decisions on social and environmental investments are made for instrumental reasons, which points to causal relationships between corporate financial performance and corporate social and environmental commitment. In other words, social or environmental commitment should predict higher financial performance. The theoretical premise of sustainability, however, is based on a systems perspective, which implies a tighter integration between corporate financial performance and corporate commitment to social and environmental issues. In this paper, we describe (...) the important theoretical differences between an instrumental and integrative logic in managing business sustainability. We test the presence of each logic using data from 738 firms over 13 years and find evidence of integrative logic applied in business. (shrink)
A Model of Wavefunction Collapse in Discrete Space-Time.Shan Gao -2006 -International Journal of Theoretical Physics 45 (10):1965-1979.detailsWe give a new argument supporting a gravitational role in quantum collapse. It is demonstrated that the discreteness of space-time, which results from the proper combination of quantum theory and general relativity, may inevitably result in the dynamical collapse of thewave function. Moreover, the minimum size of discrete space-time yields a plausible collapse criterion consistent with experiments. By assuming that the source to collapse the wave function is the inherent random motion of particles described by the wave function, we further (...) propose a concrete model of wavefunction collapse in the discrete space-time. It is shown that the model is consistent with the existing experiments and macroscopic experiences. (shrink)
Can Chinese Philosophy Embrace Wilderness?Shan Gao -2017 -Environmental Ethics 39 (2):147-159.detailsBecause of rapid industrialization and urbanization, many natural resources in China have increasingly been degraded. In response to this situation, China haslearned from the United States about one of its best ideas, national parks. This idea triggers many philosophical questions. How is wilderness interpreted in theUnited States? What are the philosophical foundations for the concept of intrinsic value in wilderness? Can Chinese philosophy accept wilderness? To answer these questions, the idea of intrinsic value in wilderness and the Western philosophical foundations (...) for this idea need to be examined as well as the concept of topophilia which may better represent the Chinese people’s attitude toward nature, but which currently influences the Chinese people’s negative attitude toward wilderness. It may be possible to improve Chinese affection for wilderness in terms of topophilia by following two principles: the principle of emotion and theprinciple of practice. (shrink)
Dang dai she hui qi yue lun =.Limin Bao (ed.) -2007 - Nanjing: Jiangsu ren min chu ban she.details本书不仅深化了我们对规范的政治理论与道德哲学的关系的解释,而且也在道德哲学领域中产生了一系列值得我们关注的重要争论.
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(1 other version)An In-Depth Examination of Alienation.Gao Ertai -1993 -Contemporary Chinese Thought 25 (1):4-26.detailsMarx's theory of alienation has some elements of an epistemology, but it is primarily a methodology. This is because alienation and the supersession of alienation are nothing but negation and a negation of the negation, a kind of historical dialectics. In using this methodology to analyze the contradictions between human existence and essence, Marx thoroughly exposed and criticized the callousness of relationships among humanity in capitalist society. On this basis, he considered socialist revolution and socialist production to be the means (...) for eliminating human alienation and for realizing human freedom, and thereby set forth an epistemology. (shrink)
(1 other version)Beauty Is the Symbol of Freedom.Gao Ertai -1993 -Contemporary Chinese Thought 25 (1):54-88.detailsIn the Economic and Philosophic Manuscripts of 1844, Marx commented that beauty is "the objectification of human essence.".
Gao Qinghai zhe xue wen cun.Qinghai Gao -1997 - [Changchun shi]: Ji-linsheng Xin hua shu dian fa xing.detailsDi 1 juan. Zhe xue di chuang xin -- di 2 juan. Zhe xue di ao mi -- di 3 juan. Zhe xue si wei fang shi bian ge -- di 4 juan. Chuan tong zhe xue dao xian dai zhe xue -- di 5 juan. Zhe xue ti xi gai ge -- di 6 juan. Zhe xue zai zou xiang wei lai.
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Whistleblowing Intentions of Lower-Level Employees: The Effect of Reporting Channel, Bystanders, and Wrongdoer Power Status.Jingyu Gao,Robert Greenberg &Bernard Wong-On-Wing -2015 -Journal of Business Ethics 126 (1):85-99.detailsIt has been suggested that a reporting channel administered by a third-party may represent a stronger procedural safeguard of anonymity and avoids the appearance of impropriety. This study examines whistleblowing intentions among lower-tier employees, specifically examines whether an externally-administered reporting channel increases whistleblowing intentions compared to an internally-administered one. In contrast to the findings of an earlier study by Kaplan et al. :273–288, 2009), our results suggest that whistle-blowing intentions are higher when the reporting channel is administered externally than when (...) it is administered internally. We also find that an externally-administered reporting channel mitigates the negative effect of bystanders on whistleblowing intentions. Implications are discussed. (shrink)
On automorphism groups of countable structures.Su Gao -1998 -Journal of Symbolic Logic 63 (3):891-896.detailsStrengthening a theorem of D.W. Kueker, this paper completely characterizes which countable structures do not admit uncountable L ω 1 ω -elementarily equivalent models. In particular, it is shown that if the automorphism group of a countable structure M is abelian, or even just solvable, then there is no uncountable model of the Scott sentence of M. These results arise as part of a study of Polish groups with compatible left-invariant complete metrics.
Human-computer interaction emotional design and innovative cultural and creative product design.Zhimin Gao &Jiaxi Huang -2022 -Frontiers in Psychology 13.detailsTo make the interface design of computer application system better, meet the psychological and emotional needs of users, and be more humanized, the emotional factor is increasingly valued by interface designers. In the design of human-computer interaction graphical interfaces, the designer attaches great importance to the emotional design of the interface, and enhances the humanized design of the interface, which cannot only improve the comfort of the interface, but also improve the fun of the interface, to ensure the psychological and (...) emotional needs of users can be better satisfied. It may acquire information that is favorable to innovative design by utilizing cluster analysis algorithm to tackle the problem of complicated cultural information, and then utilize cellular genetic algorithm to carry out creative design of cultural items. It increases the availability of cultural and creative goods. The classic cluster analysis technique offers the maximum data clustering effect of 53.3%, according to the findings of this paper’s experiments. While the improved cluster analysis algorithm has the highest data clustering effect of 90%. It can be seen that the improved cluster analysis algorithm can effectively perform cluster analysis on a large amount of data in cultural and creative products. It thus finds out the most suitable designer’s creative information, which helps designers create better products. (shrink)
Prosopopeya del filósofo.José Gaos -2014 -Quaderns de Filosofia 1 (2):109-122.detailsVimos anteayer cómo este tema, Prosopopeya del filosofo, esto es, cómo el hablar el filósofo de sí mismo es algo necesario al filósofo, particularmente en la actualidad, y ello es así porque en la actualidad la Filosofía se encuentra en una crisis respecto de sí misma, sobre la cual los pormenores indispensables van a ser dados hoy. El filósofo necesita preguntarse en qué consiste la Filosofía, esto es, su propio ser, y necesita preguntárselo para saber si ha de perseverar en (...) ese su ser o, por el contrario, debe decirle adiós a la Filosofía. (shrink)