The Relationship between Religious Attitude, Psychological Resilience and Depression: A Quantitative Research on Syrian Adolescent Individuals.ErhanCengiz &Zeynep Sağır -2023 -Ilahiyat Tetkikleri Dergisi 1 (60):36-49.detailsBu araştırmada, Suriyeli ergen bireylerde dini tutum, psikolojik dayanıklılık ve depresyon arasındaki ilişkiyi tespit etmek amaçlanmaktadır. Araştırmanın örneklemi, Elazığ’da ikamet eden 13–18 yaş aralığındaki 216 Suriyeli bireyden oluşmaktadır. Yaş ortalaması 15,31 olan katılımcıların 124’ü kadın, 92’si erkektir. Verilerin toplanmasında Kişisel Bilgi Formu, Beck Depresyon Envanteri II, Dini Tutum Ölçeği, Çocuk ve Genç Psikolojik Sağlamlık Ölçeği (ÇGPSÖ - 12) kullanılmıştır. Veriler SPSS (22,0) paket programı kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda, Suriyeli ergenlerde depresyon ve dini tutum düzeyleri arasında negatif ve anlamlı bir (...) ilişki; depresyon ve psikolojik dayanıklılık düzeyleri arasında negatif ve anlamlı bir ilişki; psikolojik dayanıklılık ve dini tutum düzeyleri arasında pozitif ve anlamlı bir ilişki olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca araştırma bulguları Suriyeli ergenlerde psikolojik dayanıklılık ve dini tutumun depresyon düzeyindeki toplam varyansın yaklaşık %20’sini açıkladığını göstermiştir. (shrink)
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Düzeltme.Erratum Erratum -2024 -Ilahiyat Tetkikleri Dergisi 61:213-213.detailsİlahiyat Araştırmaları Dergisi'nde yayımlanan aşağıdaki makalelerde güncellemeler yapılmıştır. Bu bilginin eklenmesi yanlışlıkla unutulmuştur. * “Sigara İçme Arzusu ve Dindarlık İlişkisinde Genel Öz-Yeterliğin Aracı Rolünün İncelenmesi: Lise Öğrencileri Üzerine Nicel Bir Araştırma” (Journal of Ilahiyat Researches 59/1 (June 2023), 71-81. DOI: 10.5152/ilted.2023.23282). Yazarın tez bilgileri makaleye şu şekilde eklenmelidir. Bu makale, Marmara Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü’nde hazırlanan ‘Ergenlerde Sigara İçme Arzusu, ÖzYeterlik ve Dindarlık İlişkisi’ (İstanbul, 2021) başlıklı yüksek lisans tezi verilerinden üretilmiştir * “Dini Tutum, Psikolojik Dayanıklılık ve Depresyon İlişkisi: Suriyeli (...) Ergen Bireyler Üzerine Nicel Bir Araştırma” (Journal of Ilahiyat Researches 60/1 (December 2023), 36-49. DOI: 10.5152/ilted.2023.23380). Yazarın tez bilgileri makaleye şu şekilde eklenmelidir. Çalışma, Doç. Dr. Zeynep Sağır’ın danışmalığındaErhanCengiz’in “Suriyeli Ergenlerin Depresyon Düzeyini Yordamada Psikolojik Sağlamlık ve Dini Tutum” başlıklı yüksek lisans tezinden üretilmiştir. * “İlahiyat Fakültesi Öğrencilerinde Hayatın Anlamı ve Yeni Çağ İnançları Üzerine Bir Araştırma” (Journal of Ilahiyat Researches 60/1 (December 2023), 82-96. DOI: 10.5152/ilted.2023.23423). Etik kurul bilgileri şu şekilde eklenmelidir. Bu calışma icin etik komite onayı Erciyes Universitesi’nden (Tarih: 25 Temmuz 2023, Sayı: 2023/270) alınmıştır. (shrink)
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Physicalism and Phenomenal Concepts.Erhan Demircioglu -2013 -Philosophical Studies 165 (1):257-277.detailsFrank Jackson’s famous Knowledge Argument moves from the premise that complete physical knowledge is not complete knowledge about experiences to the falsity of physicalism. In recent years, a consensus has emerged that the credibility of this and other well-known anti-physicalist arguments can be undermined by allowing that we possess a special category of concepts of experiences, phenomenal concepts, which are conceptually independent from physical/functional concepts. It is held by a large number of philosophers that since the conceptual independence of phenomenal (...) concepts does not imply the metaphysical independence of phenomenal properties, physicalism is safe. This paper distinguishes between two versions of this novel physicalist strategy –Phenomenal Concept Strategy (PCS) – depending on how it cashes out “conceptual independence,” and argues that neither helps the physicalist cause. A dilemma for PCS arises: cashing out “conceptual independence” in a way compatible with physicalism requires abandoning some manifest phenomenological intuitions, and cashing it out in a way compatible with those intuitions requires dropping physicalism. The upshot is that contra Brian Loar and others, one cannot “have it both ways.”. (shrink)
Surah Muddessir 30-31. Who is Tested by Nineteen in the Context of Verses?Cengiz GÜNEŞ -2023 -Tasavvur - Tekirdag Theology Journal 9 (1):673-699.detailsThere are many parameters to understand the Qur’ān correctly. One of them is to determine the siyaq-context in which the verses are included. This word expresses the relevance of any verse with what is before and after it, in terms of meaning. Attempting to interpret the verse independently, without considering the siyaq, internal and external context, in short, the integrity of the Qur’ān, makes any mistake inevitable. There are many verses that have been taken out of its context and drived (...) into different areas. One of them is the 30th verse of sura al-Muddaththir. In this article, we have tried to concentrate on three main issues in the context of verses 30th and 31th. First of all, we tried to deal with the issues of siyaq and sibaq of the relevant verses, the reference of the pronoun in “عليها” and who was tested and how and in both verses. The aforementioned pronoun points to the angels in charge of hell and states their number as nineteen. However, there have been people and groups that have interpreted the number nineteen in a different way from this understanding. They not only attribute holiness to this number, but also claim that the entire system of the Qur’ān was constructed according to this number. With this number, Allah tests the believers, the people of the Book, disbelievers, and those with diseases in their hearts. Allah, the Exalted, wanted to test these groups with their reaction to the number nineteen. From this perspective, the article aims to provide a perspective towards correct understanding of the relevant verses in the context of nineteen. (shrink)
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Statutory Disclosure in Article 280 of the Turkish Penal Code.Erhan Büken,Serap Sahinoğlu &Nüket Örnek Büken -2006 -Nursing Ethics 13 (6):573-580.detailsA new Turkish Penal Code came into effect on 1 June 2005. Article 280 concerns health care workers’ failure to report a crime. This article removes the responsibility from health care workers to maintain confidentiality, but also removes patients’ right to confidentiality. It provides for up to one year of imprisonment for a health care worker who, while on duty, finds an indication that a crime might have been committed by a patient and who does not inform the responsible authorities (...) about it. This forces the health care worker to divulge the patient’s confidential information. A patient who thinks he or she may be accused of a crime may therefore not seek medical help, which is the universal right of every person. The article is therefore contrary to medical ethics, oaths taken by physicians and nurses, and the understanding of patient confidentiality. (shrink)
An Assessment of (Kastamonu-Manas-Osh) Faculty of Theology Students’ Attitudes towards Philosophy Courses, Evaluation of the Relation between Religion and Philosophy.Cengiz Çuhadar -2019 -Dini Araştırmalar 22 (55 (15-06-2019)):121-158.detailsSince the 6thCentury B.C., Philosophy was defined as the love of wisdom in Ancient Greece. And it has always discussed of truth, wisdom and the metaphysics of existence. Nowadays, courses on philosophy have been an integral part of the curriculum since the establishment of faculties of Theology (FoTs). However, the presence, significance and objective of those courses are, they unfortunately are still under discussion despite their almost seventy-year old history.Based on this problem, our study aims to determine whether FoTs students’ (...) attitudes towards philosophy courses differ from their beliefs in the relationship between religion and philosophy. This study`s sample group consists of FoTs students of Kastamonu University, Kyrgyz-Turkish Manas University and Osh University. The study`s sample consisted of 276 students from these universities. The data were collected using a “Philosophy Attitude Scale” (PAS) and a “Scale ofBeliefs in Philosophy–Religion Relationship” (SBPRR) which was developed for this study. T test, one-way analysis of variance and Pearson Correlation were used for the data analysis. Participants’ arithmetic mean scores on some PAS and SBPRRsubscales differed by gender, college, grade level, mother’s education level, number of philosophy courses taken at college but not by father’s education level and religious education and philosophy education before college. Many factors affect the negative attitude of the students toward the philosophical courses and issues; like the methods of teaching it and the contents of the courses and etc. For altering this negative conception towards philosophy, we should focus on two main things; teaching the future-parents and those potentially future teachers philosophy in a right manner. (shrink)
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Against McGinn's Mysterianism.Erhan Demircioğlu -2016 -Cilicia Journal of Philosophy 3 (1):1-10.detailsThere are two claims that are central to McGinn’s mysterianism: (1) there is a naturalist and constructive solution of the mind-body problem, and (2) we human beings are incapable in principle of solving the mind-body problem. I believe (1) and (2) are compatible: the truth of one does not entail the falsity of the other. However, I will argue that the reasons McGinn presents for thinking that (2) is true are incompatible with the truth of (1), at least on a (...) fairly standard conception of the terms ‘naturalist’ and ‘constructive’, which McGinn himself seems to take for granted. (shrink)
Recognitional Identification and the Knowledge Argument.Erhan Demircioglu -2015 -Croatian Journal of Philosophy 15 (3):325-340.detailsFrank Jackson’s famous Knowledge Argument moves from the premise that complete physical knowledge about experiences is not complete knowledge about experiences to the falsity of physicalism. Some physicalists (e.g., John Perry) have countered by arguing that what Jackson’s Mary, the perfect scientist who acquires all physical knowledge about experiencing red while being locked in a monochromatic room, lacks before experiencing red is merely a piece of recognitional knowledge of an identity, and that since lacking a piece of recognitional knowledge of (...) an identity does not entail lacking any pieces of knowledge of worldly facts, physicalism is safe. I will argue that what Mary lacks in her room is not merely a piece of recognitional knowledge of an identity and that some physicalists have failed to see this because of a failure to appreciate that Mary’s epistemic progress when she first experiences red has two different stages. While the second epistemic stage can perhaps be plausibly considered as acquiring merely a piece of recognitional knowledge of an identity, there is good reason to think that the first epistemic stage cannot be thus considered. (shrink)
Philosophical roots of argumentative writing in higher education.Erhan Şimşek -2022 -Educational Philosophy and Theory 54 (5):581-595.detailsThe split between analytic philosophy and Continental philosophy has mainly preoccupied scholars of philosophy so far, but in fact, it has broader pedagogical implications. This article argues that conventions of argumentative writing, as taught in colleges today, have their roots in analytic philosophy and its assumptions regarding ways of disseminating knowledge. Behind writing instructors’ emphasis on the ‘thesis and evidence’ structure lie analytic tendencies such as verifiability and intersubjectivity. By contrast, Continental philosophy emphasises the subjective human experience, which leads to (...) a more experimental form of writing. This split and the embeddedness of argumentation in analytic philosophy is indispensable in comprehending the rationale behind the conventions of academic writing taught in colleges today. (shrink)
Naïve realism and phenomenological directness: reply to Millar.Erhan Demircioglu -2016 -Philosophical Studies 173 (7):1897-1910.detailsIn this paper, I respond to Millar’s recent criticism of naïve realism. Millar provides several arguments for the thesis that there are powerful phenomenological grounds for preferring the content view to naïve realism. I intend to show that Millar’s arguments are not convincing.
Technical Analysis of Latifa az-Zayyat’s Story “al-Mamarru’l-Dayyik” in the Context of Sociological and Psychological Elements.Cengiz Parlak -2024 -Tasavvur - Tekirdag Theology Journal 9 (2):1009-1047.detailsLatifa ez-Zeyyat is among the leading women writers of Egypt in the twentieth century. She has many works in different fields such as novels, stories, critical articles and translations. The period when she started her writing career was a period when Socialism and Marxism movements peaked in the Arab world. These movements influenced many writers of that period and this situation was also reflected in their works. Since Zeyyat has a Marxist view of life, traces of these movements can be (...) seen in her works. Zeyyat, one of the Socialist Realist writers, generally focused on social themes in her works. The story "el-Memerru'd-Dayyik" is a story in Zeyyât's "e-Şeyhûha ve Kısasun Uhrâ" story series. The story is fictionalized in the context of the life adventures, struggles and family relationships of the mother and her two primary school daughters. However, the writer's criticisms of society and socio-economic order also show themselves in the story. In this study, the technical analysis of Latîfe ez-Zeyyât's "el-Memerru'd-Dayyik" story was made and the story was examined within the framework of sociological criticism and psychoanalysis literary theories. In this way, it is aimed to have information about the structure of the story, its fiction, the themes it deals with and the author's story. (shrink)
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Illiberal polity as the retribution of post-imperial nation-building: The case of Turkey.Cengiz Aktar -2024 -Philosophy and Social Criticism 50 (4):629-637.detailsTurkey, in direct lineage of the Ottoman Empire, experimented a particularly violent nation-building out of the imperial ashes. Non-Muslims corresponding to one fifth of its population have been annihilated for the creation of a homogeneous nation State. These crimes have never been accounted for, giving way to a culture of impunity, self-righteousness, contempt for the rule of law and justice which, over years, pushed the polity towards an illiberal if not totalitarian essence and praxis, domestically against its own constituency and (...) externally against neighbours through an extensive neo-imperial drive. Paradoxically, such an outcome seems to constitute a belated retribution for the unaccounted crimes. (shrink)
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Inan on Objectual and Propositional Ignorance.Erhan Demircioglu -2016 -Croatian Journal of Philosophy 16 (3):305-311.detailsIn this note, I would like to focus on the two central distinctions Inan draws between varieties of ignorance. One is the distinction between “objectual” and “propositional” ignorance, and the other is the distinction between “truth-ignorance” and “fact-ignorance,” which is a distinction between two types of propositional ignorance. According to Inan, appreciating these distinctions allow us to see what is wrong with the “received view,” according to which ignorance (or awareness of it) is “always about truth,” and enables us to (...) “overcome our [philosophers’] propositional-bias.” I will argue for two theses. First, fact-ignorance appears to be a form of objectual ignorance; and, if this is so, there are no two distinctions but only one distinction that Inan in effect offers, which is between objectual and propositional ignorance. Second, what Inan calls “the received view” can raise some reasonable worries about objectual ignorance that are not taken into account by him. (shrink)
A Pioneer in the Kūfa Grammar School: Muādh al-Herrā and His Scientific Personality.Cengiz Parlak -2025 -van İlahiyat Dergisi 12 (21):90-108.detailsThe city of Kūfa has come to the forefront since the early periods of Islam by dealing with religious sciences and developing these sciences. While these sciences were initially limited to religious sciences, they gradually began to diversify as a result of the expansion of the Islamic geography. Because the Arabs' encounter with the Byzantine and Sassanid empires did not only lead to struggle but also allowed them to get to know their cultures. As a result of this contact, the (...) scientific basin in the Islamic world began to be filled with sciences from different cultures. This geographical expansion had both positive and negative aspects. One of these negative sides was the deterioration of the languages of the Arabs who mixed with foreign peoples in the conquered lands and the spread of this deterioration to the reading of the Quran. In response to this negative situation, studies on grammar sciences emerged in the city of Basra and were transferred to the city of Kūfa a century later. Kūfa grammar school was formed as a result of the intensive work of grammarians from Kūfa regarding grammar science, which also attracted attention in the city of Kūfa. The greatest share in the transformation of Kūfa grammar into a school belongs to al-Kisā’ī and his student al-Farrā. Although there were grammar studies and lessons in Kūfa before al-Kisā’ī and al-Farrā, they were not at a level that would ensure the transformation into a school or compete with Basra grammar school. Muādh al-Herrā is one of the pioneers of Kūfa grammar school. Muādh al-Herrā, about whose life there is not much information, was interested in scientific fields such as syntax grammar, language, tafsir, hadith, recitation and poetry. Muādh al-Herrā is one of the important figures in the history of Kūfa grammar, as he dealt with grammar in the early periods of Kūfa grammar, gave lessons and taught scholars such as al-Kisā’ī and al-Farrā, who helped developing the school of Kūfa grammar. In this study, the life of Muādh al-Herrā, about whom we have not come across any independent study, is presented, in the context of his scientific views as reflected in the sources, information about his scientific personality is presented and the issue of whether he is the founder of the sarf is examined. (shrink)
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Propositional Versus Encyclopedic Epistemology and Unintentional Plagiarism.Erhan Şimşek -forthcoming -Social Epistemology.detailsUnintentional plagiarism abounds at universities. The literature offers several explanations for students’ difficulties with acquiring standards of good academic practice. In this paper, I propose an alternative account: unintentional plagiarism can only be understood in the context of implicit but irreconcilable forms of knowledge. While higher education institutions mainly operate within the framework of propositional epistemology, institutions of primary and secondary education tend to furnish students with encyclopedic epistemology. Accordingly, universities and institutions of pre-college education tend to propagate conflicting assumptions (...) regarding the nature of knowledge. Put simply, propositional epistemology is characterized by dialogue, agency and the exchange of ideas, which are ideally made explicit in academic writing. By contrast, encyclopedic epistemology tends to present knowledge monologically, leaving the scholarly conversation around it out. It is highly likely that the hardwired legacy of encyclopedic epistemology among students impedes the acquisition of the dialogism of academic inquiry at universities, resulting in cases of unintentional plagiarism. (shrink)
Performance in the Workplace: a Critical Evaluation of Cognitive Enhancement.Cengiz Acarturk &Baris Mucen -2022 -NanoEthics 16 (1):107-114.detailsThe popular debates about the future organization of work through artificial intelligence technologies focus on the replacement of human beings by novel technologies. In this essay, we oppose this statement by closely following what has been developed as AI technologies and analyzing how they work, specifically focusing on research that may impact work organizations. We develop this argument by showing that the recent research and developments in AI technologies focus on developing accurate and precise performance models, which in turn shapes (...) organizational patterns of work. We propose that the increased interest in the relationship between human cognition and performance will shortly bring human cognition to the focus on AI systems in workplaces. More specifically, we claim that the cognitive load measurement will shape human performance in manufacturing systems shortly. (shrink)
Reliabilism, the Generality Problem, and the Basing Relation.Erhan Demircioglu -2019 -Theoria 85 (2):119-144.detailsIn “A well-founded solution to the generality problem,” Comesaña argues, inter alia, for three main claims. One is what I call the unavoidability claim: Any adequate epistemological theory needs to appeal, either implicitly or explicitly, to the notion of a belief’s being based on certain evidence. Another is what I call the legitimacy claim: It is perfectly legitimate to appeal to the basing relation in solving a problem for an epistemological theory. According to Comesaña, the legitimacy claim follows straightforwardly from (...) the unavoidability claim. The third one is what I call the basing solution claim: An appeal to the notion of basing relation is all we need to solve the generality problem for (process) reliabilism. In this paper, I will argue that the unavoidability claim and the basing solution claim are false and that the legitimacy claim might be true only in a qualified sense. (shrink)
Epistemic infinitism and the conditional character of inferential justification.Erhan Demircioglu -2018 -Synthese 195 (5):2313-2334.detailsIn this paper, I will present and defend an argument from the conditional character of inferential justification against the version of epistemic infinitism Klein advances. More specifically, after proposing a distinction between propositional and doxastic infinitism, which is based on a standard distinction between propositional and doxastic justification, I will describe in considerable detail the argument from conditionality, which is mainly an argument against propositional infinitism, and clarify some of its main underlying assumptions. There are various responses to be found (...) in Klein’s works to this argument, and my aim is to show that none of those responses can be plausibly held without infinitism losing its title to being a genuine non-skeptical alternative. (shrink)
Resources and shortcomings of pluralism in today’s Turkey: Gezi Park protests in the light of pluralism.Cengiz Aktar -2015 -Philosophy and Social Criticism 41 (4-5):465-471.detailsThe article examines the resources and the shortcomings of pluralism in today’s Turkey in light of the spring 2013 Gezi protests in İstanbul’s Taksim district. The protests have had ecological and civic as well as political implications and were a turning point in the country’s political life.
Supervenience and Reductive Physicalism.Erhan Demircioglu -2011 -European Journal of Analytic Philosophy 7 (1):25-35.detailsSupervenience physicalism attempts to combine non-reductionism about properties with a physical determination thesis in such a way as to ensure physicalism. I argue that this attempt is unsuccessful: the specific supervenience relation in question is either strong enough to ensure reductionism, as in the case of strong supervenience, or too weak to yield physical determination, as in the case of global supervenience. The argument develops in three stages. First, I propose a distinction between two types of reductionism, definitional and scientific, (...) a distinction thanks to which we can reply to a standard objection against the ontological reductionism of strong supervenience. Second, I claim that because of "the problem of random distribution," global supervenience needs strengthening to be an adequate relation to capture our physicalistic intuitions; and I show, in accordance with Stalnaker's relevant proof, why a natural strengthening of global supervenience renders it equivalent to strong supervenience. Finally, I argue against Stalnaker about the possibility of a non-reductionist global supervenience. The upshot is that despite appearances, supervenience physicalism is a form of reductive physicalism. (shrink)
Turkish political Islam’s failure.Cengiz Aktar -2019 -Philosophy and Social Criticism 45 (4):493-502.detailsThe article argues that the failure of political Islam in Turkey is correlated with the characteristics of the polity that are broadly undemocratic. Political Islam not only failed to propose a new narrative but produced the so-called New Turkey that displays familiar totalitarian features. The article examines the approaches political Islam used to assert its rule, namely, dewesternization, Islam’s nationalization and instrumentalization, majoritarianism, empowering devout masses, and synergizing with the undemocratic culture.
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On Understanding a Theory on Conscious Experiences.Erhan Demircioğlu -2018 -Croatian Journal of Philosophy 18 (1):75-86.detailsMcGinn claims, among other things, that we cannot understand the theory that explains how echolocationary experiences arise from the bat’s brain. One of McGinn’s arguments for this claim appeals to the fact that we cannot know in principle what it is like to have echolocationary experiences. According to Kirk, McGinn’s argument fails because it rests on an illegitimate assumption concerning what explanatory theories are supposed to accomplish. However, I will argue that Kirk’s objection misfires because he misapprehends McGinn’s argument. Further, (...) I will articulate and briefly assess some ways in which McGinn’s argument can be blocked. (shrink)
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The Turkish Soma Coal Mining Disaster.Erhan Atay,Habibe Ilhan &Serkan Bayraktaroglu -2019 -Journal of Business Ethics Education 16:231-246.detailsOn May 13, 2014, a fire due to the combustion of accumulated methane gas in the Soma Eynez Mine in Turkey killed 301 miners. This case chronicles the events on the day of the accident and investigates the factors leading up to it. It depicts the chaos and confusion resulting from missing emergency protocol, inadequate responses of major stakeholders such as safety experts in the mine, company executives, and the political leadership at the ministry and prime ministry levels. It shows (...) how the interplay of a culture of leniency towards mining safety, insufficient mining policies and even less effective inspections coupled with nepotism and the local population’s desperation for work, all led to serious neglect in a major mine resulting in needless deaths. The Soma Eynez Mine disaster highlights how corporate greed fed into breaches of mining protocol and ethical conduct, eventually leading to the bankruptcy of a mining conglomerate and the imprisonment of 14 men. (shrink)