Percentiles and Principal Component Analysis of Physical Fitness From a Big Sample of Children and Adolescents Aged 6-18 Years: The DAFIS Project. [REVIEW]EliseoIglesias-Soler,María Rúa-Alonso,Jessica Rial-Vázquez,Jose Ramón Lete-Lasa,Iván Clavel,Manuel A. Giráldez-García,Javier Rico-Díaz,Miguel Rodríguez-Del Corral,Eduardo Carballeira-Fernández &Xurxo Dopico-Calvo -2021 -Frontiers in Psychology 12.detailsAssessing physical fitness has emerged as a proxy of the health status of children and adolescents and therefore as relevant from a public health point of view. DAFIS is a project included in Plan Galicia Saudable of the regional government of Galicia. DAFIS consists of an on-line software devoted to record the results of a standard physical fitness protocol carried out as a part of the physical education curriculum. The aims of this study were: to obtain normative values of physical (...) fitness of the Galician school population evaluated in the DAFIS project, and to identify a reduced number of components and tests able to capture a significant amount of the variability in the physical fitness of children and adolescents. From an initial sample of 27784 records, 15287 cases were considered after filtering. Generalized Additive Models for Location, Scale and Shape were used for obtaining percentile curves and tables for each sex. Furthermore, a principal components analysis was performed, selecting the number of components by applying the Kaiser’s rule and selecting a subset of variables considering the correlation between each variable and the components. Percentile curves and normative values are reported for each test and sex. Physical fitness was better in boys than in girls throughout age groups, except for flexibility that was consistently higher in girls. Two main components were detected throughout age groups: the first one representing body composition and partially cardiorespiratory fitness and the second one muscular fitness. For boys and girls, waist to height ratio had the highest correlations with the first component in four out of six age groups. The highest correlation with the second component, was most frequently observed for the handgrip test both in boys and girls. This study provides evidence about the utility of school community actions like DAFIS aimed to track the health-related fitness of children and adolescents. The results suggest that fat mass distribution and muscular performance concentrate a high proportion physical fitness variance. (shrink)
Science After the Practice Turn in the Philosophy, History, and Social Studies of Science.LenaSoler,Sjoerd Zwart,Michael Lynch &Vincent Israel-Jost (eds.) -2014 - New York: Routledge.detailsIn the 1980s, philosophical, historical and social studies of science underwent a change which later evolved into a turn to practice. Analysts of science were asked to pay attention to scientific practices in meticulous detail and along multiple dimensions, including the material, social and psychological. Following this turn, the interest in scientific practices continued to increase and had an indelible influence in the various fields of science studies. No doubt, the practice turn changed our conceptions and approaches of science, but (...) what did it really teach us? What does it mean to study scientific practices? What are the general lessons, implications, and new challenges? This volume explores questions about the practice turn using both case studies and theoretical analysis. The case studies examine empirical and mathematical sciences, including the engineering sciences. The volume promotes interactions between acknowledged experts from different, often thought of as conflicting, orientations. It presents contributions in conjunction with critical commentaries that put the theses and assumptions of the former in perspective. Overall, the book offers a unique and diverse range of perspectives on the meanings, methods, lessons, and challenges associated with the practice turn. (shrink)
The inner semiotic core of biology: Donald Favareau: Essential readings in biosemiotics: Anthology and commentary. Dordrecht: Springer, 2010, xvii+880pp, $289 HB.Eliseo Fernández -2011 -Metascience 21 (1):179-181.detailsThe inner semiotic core of biology Content Type Journal Article Pages 1-3 DOI 10.1007/s11016-011-9547-z AuthorsEliseo Fernández, Linda Hall Library of Science and Technology, Kansas City, MO 64110, USA Journal Metascience Online ISSN 1467-9981 Print ISSN 0815-0796.
James of Viterbo's Innatist Theory of Cognition.Jean-Luc Solere -2018 - In Antoine Côté & Martin Pickavé,A Companion to James of Viterbo. Leiden: Brill. pp. 168-217.detailsJames of Viterbio is one of the rare medieval authors to sustain a thoroughly innatist philosophy. He borrows from Simplicius the notion of idoneitas (aptitude, predisposition) so as to ground a cognition theory in which external things are not the efficient and formal causes of mental acts. A predisposition has the characteristic of being halfway between potentiality and actuality. Therefore, the subject that has predispositions does not need to be acted upon by another thing to actualize them. External things only (...) “incline” the mind to make use of a stock of cognitive schemes. Consequently, in order to avoid an infinite regress James must adopt innatism. Following the lead of late Neoplatonism, he goes as far as including, not only conceptual schemes, but also perceptual schemes among the inbuilt stock. As a result, James’s theory, while it echoes certain preoccupations and themes that are common in the thirteenth century, proves to be one of a kind. (shrink)
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Evolution of signs, organisms and artifacts as phases of concrete generalization.Eliseo Fernández -2015 -Biosemiotics 8 (1):91-102.detailsExpanding on the results of previous contributions I advance several hypotheses on the interaction of physical and semiotic processes, both in organisms and in human artifacts. I then proceed to employ these ideas to formulate a general account of evolutionary processes in terms of concrete generalization, where, in analogy with conceptual generalization, novel creations retain antecedent features as special or restricted cases. I argue the following theses: 1) the main point of intersection of physical and semiotic causation is the process (...) of regulation; 2) The broadest form of regulation is a course of actions known as modulation ; 3) Modulation is a universal means of conveyance by which a form is lifted from one supporting vehicle and re-embodied into another replica. These considerations suggest viewing biological evolution as a complex generalization of semiotic evolution. Biological reproduction is then regarded as a complex generalization of sign replication. The latter is a relatively simple affair: the embodied form is external and largely independent of its indifferent supporting medium. Biological reproduction, on the contrary, is an extremely complex dynamical process in which the embodied type is duplicated from within the medium, through the subsidiary internal replication of molecular genetic records. These ideas are developed and illustrated through comparisons between the evolution of organisms and that of human artifacts. (shrink)
Multimodal Incompleteness Under Weak Negations.Juliana Bueno-Soler -2013 -Logica Universalis 7 (1):21-31.detailsThis paper shows that some classes of multimodal paraconsistent logics endowed with weak forms of negation are incompletable with respect to Kripke semantics. The reach of such incompleteness is discussed, and we argue that this shortcoming, more than just a logical predicament, may be relevant for attempts to characterize quantum logics and to handle quantum information and quantum computation.
Posiciones éticas: entre el cuidado de sí y el prójimo.Guillem MartíSoler -2014 -Isegoría 51:793-808.detailsUna aproximación a dos reflexiones filosóficas contemporáneas. En primer lugar, abordamos las últimas aportaciones de Michel Foucault sobre la ética, en el marco de la noción de “cuidado de sí”. En segundo lugar, nos ocupamos de la ética de Emmanuel Levinas, centrada en la idea del prójimo. El mismo marco de una ética del otro permite un enlace con algunas ideas de Simone Weil. Sin pretenderlas congruentes, estas dos filosofías conllevan una importante crítica de la noción de sujeto y de (...) una ética basada en el reconocimiento. Con ello, nos dan elementos para plantear posibles posicionamientos para la filosofía en la actualidad. (shrink)
God is a Female Plant: Femininity and Divinity in the Stories of Anne Richter, Kathe Koja, and Karen Russell.Nieves PascualSoler -2021 -The European Legacy 26 (3-4):316-326.detailsABSTRACT This essay is concerned with the relationship between femininity and divinity in feminist speculative fiction. It equates becoming divine with becoming plant, and studies the transformations that attend women in this process in modernity, postmodernity and transmodernity. Taking as its point of departure Mark Taylor’s evolution of the concept of God through immanence, transcendence and immanent transcendence, and Rosa María Rodríguez Magda’s definition of transmodernity, it examines “The Sleep of Plants” by Anne Richter, “The Neglected Garden” by Kathe Koja, (...) and “The Bad Graft” by Karen Russell. It argues that by becoming plants these women locate themselves in opposition to the norms of divinity created by men, and proposes to delineate the contours of a new feminist paradigm in the present transmodern age through the study of botany. (shrink)
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Pediatric surgery in Cuba. Stages of its development.Rafael Manuel TrinchetSoler &Velázquez Rodríguez -2014 -Humanidades Médicas 14 (3):742-750.detailsLa historia de la Cirugía Pediátrica cubana está pendiente de ser documentada científicamente. Se estableció como objetivo definir las etapas de desarrollo de la especialidad en Cuba, para lo cual se hizo un análisis histórico y se identificó cuatro períodos fundamentales. Este artículo tiene una significación práctica puesto que permite conocer en qué momento se encuentra la especialidad para modelar el futuro de la misma. The history of Cuban pediatric surgery is pending of being scientifically documented. It was established as (...) an objective to define the stages of the development of the specialty in Cuba. For this purpose a historical analysis was carried out and four main periods were identified. This study has a practical importance because it allows knowing the stage in which the specialty is to model its future. (shrink)
Completeness and incompleteness for anodic modal logics.Juliana Bueno-Soler -2009 -Journal of Applied Non-Classical Logics 19 (3):291-310.detailsWe propose a new approach to positive modal logics, hereby called anodic modal logics. Our treatment is completely positive since the language has neither negation nor any falsum or minimal particle. The elimination of the minimal particle of the language requires introducing the new concept of factual sets and factual deductions which permit us to talk about deductions in the actual world. We start from a positive fragment of the standard system K, denoted by K⊃, ∧, ◊, which is a (...) bimodal system with □ and ◊ as primitive. This system is then extended to a class of fragments of the Lemmon and Scott systems (cf. (Lemmon et al., 1977)), denoted by K⊃, ∧, ◊ + Gk;l;m;n + Gm;n;k;l. It is shown that such classes of systems are characterized with respect to the usual Kripke-style semantics. The proof is by way of a Henkin-style construction, with “possible worlds” being taken to be prime theories as introduced in the modal context by J. M. Dunn in (Dunn, 1995). We also obtain a surprising limiting result showing that the incompleteness phenomenon in modal logic is independent of negation. (shrink)
Models for anodic and cathodic multimodalities.Juliana Bueno-Soler -2012 -Logic Journal of the IGPL 20 (2):458-476.detailsA system is classified as multimodal if its language has more than one modal operator as primitive, and such operators are not interdefinable. We extend the anodic and cathodic modal systems, introduced in Bueno-Soler and Bueno-Soler , to a class of the so-called basilar multimodal systems generating, in this way, the classes of anodic and cathodic multimodal logics. The cathodic multimodal systems are defined as extensions of positive multimodal systems by adding degrees of negation plus consistency operators. In (...) this way, cathodic multimodal systems are logics of formal inconsistency [the paraconsistent LFIs, as treated in Carnielli et al. ] enriched with multimodal operators. We focus the attention on models for such classes of systems and discuss how modal possible-translation semantics, as well as possible-worlds , can be defined to interpret basilar cathodic multimodal systems. While anodic systems are modeled by Kripke models only, we introduce the modal possible-translation models for cathodic systems. Such models, given by combinations of three-valued modal logics, besides their own interest, explain the role of non-trivializing contradictions in multimodal environment. (shrink)
Nuevos escritos y poemas.JosepSoler -2003 - Zaragoza, España: Libros del Innombrable.detailsSobre el tiempo y la música -- Las óperas de JosepSoler -- Kom-Ombo -- El misterio de San Francisco.
Two semantical approaches to paraconsistent modalities.Juliana Bueno-Soler -2010 -Logica Universalis 4 (1):137-160.detailsIn this paper we extend the anodic systems introduced in Bueno-Soler (J Appl Non Class Logics 19(3):291–310, 2009) by adding certain paraconsistent axioms based on the so called logics of formal inconsistency , introduced in Carnielli et al. (Handbook of philosophical logic, Springer, Amsterdam, 2007), and define the classes of systems that we call cathodic . These classes consist of modal paraconsistent systems, an approach which permits us to treat with certain kinds of conflicting situations. Our interest in this (...) paper is to show that such systems can be semantically characterized in two different ways: by Kripke-style semantics and by modal possible-translations semantics . Such results are inspired in some universal constructions in logic, in the sense that cathodic systems can be seen as a kind of fusion (a particular case of fibring) between modal logics and non-modal logics, as discussed in Carnielli et al. (Analysis and synthesis of logics, Springer, Amsterdam, 2007). The outcome is inherently within the spirit of universal logic, as our systems semantically intermingles modal logics, paraconsistent logics and many-valued logics, defining new blends of logics whose relevance we intend to show. (shrink)
Two Roads to Ignorance: A Quasi Biography.Eliseo Vivas -1979 - Southern Illinois University Press.detailsThis account of one man’s search for truth bears witness to defection and apostasy and, in the end, to the humility of deeply lived experience.Eliseo Vivas, distinguished teacher, literary critic, and philosopher, relates the search by his alter ego, Alonzo Quijano, for a philosophy to live by as well as one to think well by. His intellectual odyssey is marked by defection from communism and apostasy from the philosophy of John Dewey. Vivas provides throughout this account of Alonzo’s (...) rupture with his commitments an analysis of the ideas of the major philosophic thinkers of the Western world, an analysis which first moves toward partial acceptance but which ends with their rejection. He devotes the final chapters to the views on politics and moral, theological, and aesthetic subjects at which Alonzo arrived following his apostasy and defection. Alonzo claims at the end that his philosophical quest was not a failure, for he now “knows that he does not know much.” Hence the two roads to ignorance.Eliseo Vivas has taught at Wisconsin, Chicago, Ohio State, and Northwestern. He has also edited journals, published widely, and has been a participant and, indeed, a major force in most of the intellectual discussions of his time. His examination of his contemporaries’ beliefs and detailed analysis of the views he rejects are therefore especially valuable. Those peace-loving minds who find Alonzo’s adventures relevant to an understanding of their age will be fascinated by this unique and important book. (shrink)
Situación de la mujer científica en el Área de Alimentos del CSIC.Manuela JuárezIglesias -2002 -Arbor 172 (679-680):519-535.detailsEl CSIC ha sido pionero en fomentar la investigación en Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos lo que se ha plasmado en la creación, desde los años cincuenta, de seis institutos monográficos y dos departamentos, dentro de institutos mayoritariamente de otras áreas. No obstante, el persona científico adscrito es solo el 8,3% del total del organismo, 176 investigadores en las tres escalas de los que un 39,8% son mujeres. Los porcentajes de mujeres en las tres escalas científicas son de 28% en (...) el caso de Profesoras de Investigación (PI), 30% de Investigadoras Científicas (IC) y 47% de Científicas Titulares(CT); la cifra de PI, aunque alejada del 50%, es el valor más alto, de las distintas áreas del CSIC, El sentir general es que las mujeres del área, no se han sentido discriminadas en función del sexo en el acceso a la carrera científica, al igual que en la promoción interna. En las dos primeras escalas científicas las diferencias aún destacables se atribuyen en general, a la menor presencia de la mujer en la carrera universitaria y puestos de trabajo. Dadas las cifras actuales de mujeres CTy de becarias /contratadas es previsible que el desequilibrio actual en las categorías mas altas se atenúe en el futuro. No se detecta discriminación para las mujeres en los cargos de gestión de los centros; sin embargo, es notoria en cuanto al desempeño de tareas de gestión. (shrink)
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Value and fact.Eliseo Vivas -1939 -Philosophy of Science 6 (4):432-445.detailsThere can be no possible quarrel with the assertion that the phenomena of value are amenable to scientific treatment if the statement is taken in an obvious sense, for the act of valuation is a fact of human experience, empirically observable in the same way as any other fact. There is therefore no reason why we should not deal with certain aspects of the phenomena of value as we deal with other empirical phenomena. To deny this would be to deny (...) scientific status to sociology, anthropology, and psychology. Sometimes one encounters such denials, but they need not be taken seriously, for they are obviously grounded on a very arbitrary and narrow definition of science. (shrink)
Les variations qualitatives dans les théories post-thomistes.Jean-Luc Solere -2012 -Revue Thomiste 112 (1):157-204.detailsLa solution de Thomas d’Aquin au problème de l’intensification des qualités souffre d’une certaine instabilité et, dans la génération suivante, a été disloquée par les différentes contraintes qu’elle tentait de concilier. Cet article explore les réponses apportées par Gilles de Rome, Godefroid de Fontaines, Pierre d’Auvergne et Thomas de Sutton. Introduite par Godefroid, mais développée par Sutton, la notion de mode va jouer un rôle très important. La solution de Sutton, particulièrement, invite à une comparaison avec la théorie des modes (...) intrinsèques chez Duns Scot. (shrink)
The Question of Intensive Magnitudes According to Some Jesuits in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries.Jean-Luc Solère -2001 -The Monist 84 (4):582-616.detailsThe problem of the intensification and remission of qualities was a crux for philosophical, theological, and scientific thought in the Middle Ages. It was raised in Antiquity with this remark of Aristotle: some qualities, as accidental beings, admit the more and the less. Admitting more and less is not a trivial property, since it belongs neither to every category of being, nor to every quality. Rather it applies only to states and dispositions such as virtue, to affections of bodies such (...) as heat and sweetness, and to affections of soul such as anger. However, the property of admitting more and less was a matter of importance for the qualitative physics that had reigned up to about the time of Descartes, a physics which was concerned with concepts such as heat, coldness, lightness, heaviness, and so on. (shrink)
Parentalidade e desenvolvimento Infantil em tempos de pandemia.Yara Rodrigues de La Iglesia -2021 -Filosofia E Educação 12 (3).detailsA situação de pandemia gerada pela COVID-19 é, sem dúvida, um dos acontecimentos mais extremos que a sociedade está tendo que enfrentar neste século, tanto por sua extensão, como pela duração, previsível continuidade e consequências. Este artigo aborda os diferentes estilos educativos parentais, objetivando subsidiar reflexões sobre a parentalidade e a adaptação psicossocial das crianças diante da pandemia. A fundamentação teórico-conceitual está baseada nos estilos educativos parentais a partir da abordagem tipológica. De acordo com a literatura, pais com um estilo (...) educativo autorizativo e indulgente podem contribuir para que as crianças enfrentem adversidades de maneira mais adaptativa. (shrink)
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Digital Doppelgängers and Lifespan Extension: What Matters?SamuelIglesias,Brian D. Earp,Cristina Voinea,Sebastian Porsdam Mann,Anda Zahiu,Nancy S. Jecker &Julian Savulescu -2024 -American Journal of Bioethics 25 (2):95-110.detailsThere is an ongoing debate about the ethics of research on lifespan extension: roughly, using medical technologies to extend biological human lives beyond the current “natural” limit of about 120 years. At the same time, there is an exploding interest in the use of artificial intelligence (AI) to create “digital twins” of persons, for example by fine-tuning large language models on data specific to particular individuals. In this paper, we consider whether digital twins (or digital doppelgängers, as we refer to (...) them) could be a path toward a kind of life extension—or more precisely, a kind of person extension—that does not rely on biological continuity. We discuss relevant accounts of consciousness and personal identity and argue that digital doppelgängers may at least help us achieve some of the aims or ostensible goods of person-span extension, even if they may not count as literal extensions of our personhood on dominant philosophical accounts. We also consider relational accounts of personhood and discuss how digital doppelgängers may be able to extend personhood in a relational sense, or at least secure some of the goods associated with relevant relationships. We conclude by suggesting that a research program to investigate such issues is relevant to ongoing debates about the ethics of extending the human lifespan. (shrink)