The Need for IRB Leadership to Address the New Ethical Challenges of Research with Highly Portable Neuroimaging Technologies.Donnella S.Comeau,Benjamin C. Silverman,Mahsa Alborzi Avanaki &Susan M. Wolf -2024 -Journal of Law, Medicine and Ethics 52 (4):840-850.detailsThe emergence of innovative neuroimaging technologies, particularly highly portable magnetic resonance imaging (pMRI), has the potential to spawn a transformative era in neuroscience research. Resourced academic institutional review boards (IRBs) with experience overseeing traditional MRI have a special role to play in ethical governance of pMRI research and should facilitate the collaborative development of nuanced and culturally sensitive guidelines and educational resources for pMRI protocols. This paper explores the ethical challenges of pMRI in neuroscience research and the dynamic leadership role (...) that IRBs should play to promote ethical oversight of emerging pMRI research. (shrink)
Conducting Research with Highly Portable MRI in Community Settings: A Practical Guide to Navigating Ethical Issues and ELSI Checklist.Francis X. Shen,Susan M. Wolf,Frances Lawrenz,Donnella S.Comeau,Barbara J. Evans,Damien Fair,Martha J. Farah,Michael Garwood,S. Duke Han,Judy Illes,Jonathan D. Jackson,Eran Klein,Matthew S. Rosen,Efraín Torres,Paul Tuite &J. Thomas Vaughan -2024 -Journal of Law, Medicine and Ethics 52 (4):769-785.detailsHighly portable and accessible MRI technology will allow researchers to conduct field-based MRI research in community settings. Previous guidance for researchers working with fixed MRI does not address the novel ethical, legal, and societal issues (ELSI) of portable MRI (pMRI). Our interdisciplinary Working Group (WG) previously identified 15 core ELSI challenges associated with pMRI research and recommended solutions. In this article, we distill those detailed recommendations into a Portable MRI Research ELSI Checklist that offers practical operational guidance for researchers contemplating (...) using this technology. (shrink)
Vers une théologie du dialogue et des rencontres.GenevièveComeau -2006 -Recherches de Science Religieuse 4 (4):571-594.detailsPratiques des rencontres et réflexion théologique s’interrogent et se fécondent mutuellement. Ainsi existe-t-il deux dialogues : le dialogue entre croyants de différentes religions, d’une part, où il peut y avoir interférence du théologique, mais pas toujours, le vivre ensemble étant souvent à l’origine ; et, d’autre part, le dialogue théologique au sein des communautés chrétiennes, dialogue suscité par l’existence du pluralisme religieux et donc la question de son interprétation. Sans ignorer la complexité des réalités, G.Comeau, s’appuyant sur son (...) expérience et sa compétence, précise dans quel cadre conceptuel elle fait intervenir les rencontres et ce qu’on peut en attendre pour la réflexion théologique.Encounters and theological reflection question each other and are mutually enriching. Thus there are two dialogues: the dialogue between believers of different religions, on the one hand, where there may sometimes but not always be theological overlap, due to living together; and, on the other hand, theological dialogue within Christian communities, a dialogue brought about by the existence of religious pluralism and hence the issue of its interpretation. Without ignoring the complexity of some realities, G.Comeau, relying on her experience and competence, shows precisely in what conceptual framework it involves encounters and what one can expect from them for theological reflection. (shrink)
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Le judaïsme dans le monde moderne: L'exemple du Conservative Judaism.G.Comeau -1997 -Recherches de Science Religieuse 85 (2):199-223.detailsLe mouvement appelé Conservative ou massorti est le courant le plus florissant du judaïsme depuis le début du siècle aux États-Unis, d’où il s’est répandu en beaucoup de pays . Cherchant à se frayer une voie entre les tendances « réformée » et « orthodoxe », qui se sont affrontées en Allemagne depuis le milieu du XIXe siècle, puis aux Etats-Unis, ce courant est significatif des tensions et des évolutions qui traversent le judaïsme contemporain. Reprenant l'intuition fondamentale de Frankel, pour (...) qui la tradition est un dynamisme de changement, le Conservative entend garder l’identité juive dans la fidélité à la Halakha tout en lui permettant de s'adapter aux temps nouveaux. Mais comment tenir alors et garantir l'origine juive de la Halakha ? S'inspirant de Rosenzweig et de Buber, les théologiens du Conservative conçoivent la révélation comme l'expression de la Parole de Dieu dans l'histoire d'Israël, au présent ; comme un enseignement avant tout ordonné à l'action éthique et toujours en quête d'interprétation ; elle est véhiculée par l'histoire du peuple et son autorité réside dans la communauté . Ainsi se confirme l'évolution de ce mouvement vers des positions plus « libérales », qui ne manquent. pas de susciter bien des questions : qu’est-ce qui justifie l'obéissance à une tradition humaine, comment autoriser, discerner, imposer des changements de pratique ? À travers ces interrogations, le judaïsme apparaît comme la religion de l'incessante élaboration de la Loi.The most flourishing movement in Judaism since the beginning of century in the United States has been the Conservative or massorti. From there it spread to other countries, including France. Seeking a way between the « reform » and « orthodox » tendencies, which have been in conflict since the middle of 19th century in Germany, and subsequently in the United States, this continuing debate is indicative of the tensions and evolutions that traverse contemporary Judaism. Taking up the fundamental intuition of Frankel, for whom tradition of a dynamism of change, the Conservative wishes to keep a Jewish identity in fidelity to the Halakha, white allowing the possibility of adapting to modern times. But how can one maintain and guarantee the divine origin of the Halakha ? Inspired by Rosenzweig and Buber, the Conservative theologians see revelation as the expression of the Word of God in the history of Israel : in the present ; as conveyed by the history of a people, and whose authority resides in the community . The evolution of this movement towards more « liberal » positions is thus confirmed, but raises many questions: what justifies obedience to a human tradition, how can it authorize, discern, or impose changes of practice ? Through these interrogations, Judaism appears as a religion of unceasing elaboration of the Law. (shrink)
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Work Fatigue Profiles: Nature, Implications, and Associations With Psychological Empowerment.Ann-Renée Blais,Nicolas Gillet,Simon A. Houle,Caitlin A.Comeau &Alexandre J. S. Morin -2020 -Frontiers in Psychology 11.detailsThe present study examined the distinct configurations, or profiles, taken by work fatigue dimensions among samples of military and civilian employees. We also tested profile similarity across these two samples of employees. In addition, this research documented the relations between the identified work fatigue profiles, one predictor variable, and a series of attitudinal outcomes among military employees. Six profiles of employees characterized by different levels of global and specific work fatigue were identified using latent profile analyses: Low Fatigue, Physically and (...) Emotionally Depleted, Emotionally Depleted, Globally and Mentally Depleted, Globally and Emotionally Depleted, and Balanced. In both samples, employees corresponding to the Balanced profile displayed average levels of global and specific work fatigue. However, this profile slightly differed across sample, as indicated by the observation of work fatigue levels that were slightly higher among the military than among civilians. Militaries’ perceptions of psychological empowerment were significantly related to their likelihood of belonging to all profiles. In turn, militaries’ career satisfaction, job satisfaction, and turnover intentions were also found to differ as a function of profile membership. (shrink)
Author's personal copy.Michael S. North -unknowndetailsThe present study investigates whether people can infer the preferences of others from spontaneous facial expressions alone. We utilize a paradigm that unobtrusively records people's natural facial reactions to relatively mundane stimuli while they simultaneously report which ones they find more appealing. Videos were then presented to perceivers who attempted to infer the choices of the target individuals—thereby linking perceiver inferences to objective outcomes. Perceivers demonstrated above-chance ability to infer target preferences across four different stimulus categories: people (attractiveness), cartoons (humor), (...) paintings (decorative appeal), and animals (cuteness). While perceivers' subjective ratings of expressivity varied somewhat between targets, these ratings did not predict the relative “readability” of the targets. The findings suggest that noncommunicative, natural facial behavior by itself suffices for certain types interpersonal prediction, even in low-emotional contexts. (shrink)
Prisoner's Dilemma.S. M. Amadae -2015 - InPrisoners of Reason: Game Theory and Neoliberal Political Economy. New York: Cambridge University Press. pp. 24-61.detailsAs these opening quotes acknowledge, the Prisoner’s Dilemma (PD) represents a core puzzle within the formal mathematics of game theory.3 Its rise in conspicuity is evident figure 2.1 above demonstrating a relatively steady rise in incidences of the phrase’s usage between 1960 to 1995, with a stable presence persisting into the twenty first century. This famous two-person “game,” with a stock narrative cast in terms of two prisoners who each independently must choose whether to remain silent or speak, each advancing (...) self-interest at the expense of the other and thereby achieving a mutually suboptimal outcome, mires any social interaction it is applied to into perplexity. The logic of this game proves the inverse of Adam Smith’s invisible hand: individuals acting on self interest will achieve a mutually suboptimal outcome. However, as this chapter illuminates, the assumptions underlying game theory drive this conclusion. (shrink)
Hē apousia tēs parousias.Vasileios Gaïtanēs -1994 - Thessalonikē: University Studio Press.details1. Hoi dialektikes morphes tēs pousias ston synchrono kosmo -- 2. Skepseis panō stēn agōnia, ston phovo, kai ston chrono ston Kierkegaard.
Śiwa Khāṭaniẏāra āmāra aitihya āru bhaṇḍāmi.Śiwa Khāṭaniẏā -2008 - Guwāhāṭi: Pūrbāñcala Prakāśa. Edited by Nagena Śaikīẏā.detailsArticles chiefly on tradition and philosophy; includes articles on the cultural history of India from philosophical perspectives.
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Śāṅkaradarśanamarmaprakāśah̤.Kr̥ṣṇa Joyis -1996 - Tirupati: Rashtriya Sanskrit Vidyapeetha. Edited by Narasimha Murthy & L. M..detailsStudy on the contributions of Śaṅkarācārya to Hindu philosophy.
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Jung's four and some philosophers: a paradigm for philosophy.Thomas M. S. J. King &Thomas Mulvihill King -1999 - Notre Dame, Ind.: University of Notre Dame Press.detailsA demonstration of how Jung's quest for wholeness through the four faculties he saw in every psyche can be seen in the growth of the ideas of 12 key philosophers. The author examines and compares the 12 philosophers and gives an explanation of the development of their thought.
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