The Impact of Medical Complications in Predicting the Rehabilitation Outcome of Patients With Disorders of Consciousness After Severe Traumatic Brain Injury.Lucia Francesca Lucca,Danilo Lofaro,Elio Leto,Maria Ursino,Stefania Rogano,Antonio Pileggi,Serafino Vulcano,DomenicoConforti,Paolo Tonin &Antonio Cerasa -2020 -Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 14:570544.detailsIn this study, we sought to assess the predictors of outcome in patients with disorders of consciousness (DOC) after severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) during neurorehabilitation stay. In total, 96 patients with DOC (vegetative state, minimally conscious state, or emergence from minimally conscious state) were enrolled (69 males; mean age 43.6 ± 20.8 years) and the improvement of the degree of disability, as assessed by the Disability Rating Scale, was considered the main outcome measure. To define the best predictor, a (...) series of demographical and clinical factors were modeled using a twofold approach: (1) logistic regression to evaluate a possible causal effect among variables; and (2) machine learning algorithms (ML), to define the best predictive model. Univariate analysis demonstrated that disability in DOC patients statistically decreased at the discharge with respect to admission. Genitourinary was the most frequent medical complication (MC) emerging during the neurorehabilitation period. The logistic model revealed that the total amount of MCs is a risk factor for lack of functional improvement. ML discloses that the most important prognostic factors are the respiratory and hepatic complications together with the presence of the upper gastrointestinal comorbidities. Our study provides new evidence on the most adverse short-term factors predicting a functional recovery in DOC patients after severe TBI. The occurrence of medical complications during neurorehabilitation stay should be considered to avoid poor outcomes. (shrink)
Notes on polynomially bounded arithmetic.Domenico Zambella -1996 -Journal of Symbolic Logic 61 (3):942-966.detailsWe characterize the collapse of Buss' bounded arithmetic in terms of the provable collapse of the polynomial time hierarchy. We include also some general model-theoretical investigations on fragments of bounded arithmetic.
History of Epidemics: A Bibliographical Essay on Secondary Sources in Italian and on Italy.MariaConforti -2023 -Isis 114 (S1):533-553.detailsItalian medical history in the age of positivism showed a strong interest in epidemics. This can be seen in Alfonso Corradi’s monumental Annali (1865-1895) and in works of other 19th-century historians who addressed major public health issues in the newly unified country. Local history was also widely practiced in Italy, and it was instrumental in discovering and publishing a wealth of documentation on past epidemic and endemic diseases, as well as on measures such as quarantines that were invented or introduced (...) in the peninsula as early as the late Middle Ages. The way Italian historians looked at epidemics in the 20th century was shaped by politics, religion and literature more than by demography, epidemiology, or technical knowledge in the medical field. This article and its accompanying bibliography will focus on regional historiography and deal with the history of plague, smallpox, cholera and malaria, and other diseases addressed in works published after the 1980s. (shrink)
Presentazione.Domenico Spinosa -2011 -Rivista di Estetica 46:3-4.detailsIl presente numero di “Rivista di estetica” raccoglie diversi contributi che intendono riflettere oggi sui limiti e sulle possibilità di un approccio estetico-filosofico alle nuove istanze (sia tecniche che narrative) che ci giungono da questo oggetto sempre da identificare chiamato film. Come si sa, il cinema, fin dalle sue origini, ha generato un complesso insieme di discorsi intorno a sé. Il cinema è stato cioè continuamente trattato, discusso, analizzato, fatto oggetto di studio, dalla st...
Forcing in Finite Structures.Domenico Zambella -1997 -Mathematical Logic Quarterly 43 (3):401-412.detailsWe present a simple and completely model-theoretical proof of a strengthening of a theorem of Ajtai: The independence of the pigeonhole principle from IΔ0. With regard to strength, the theorem proved here corresponds to the complexity/proof-theoretical results of [10] and [14], but a different combinatorics is used. Techniques inspired by Razborov [11] replace those derived from Håstad [8]. This leads to a much shorter and very direct construction.
Harnessing Wicked Problems in Multi-stakeholder Partnerships.Domenico Dentoni,Verena Bitzer &Greetje Schouten -2018 -Journal of Business Ethics 150 (2):333-356.detailsDespite the burgeoning literature on the governance and impact of cross-sector partnerships in the past two decades, the debate on how and when these collaborative arrangements address globally relevant problems and contribute to systemic change remains open. Building upon the notion of wicked problems and the literature on governing such wicked problems, this paper defines harnessing problems in multi-stakeholder partnerships as the approach of taking into account the nature of the problem and of organizing governance processes accordingly. The paper develops (...) an innovative analytical framework that conceptualizes MSPs in terms of three governance processes harnessing three key dimensions of wicked problems. The Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil provides an illustrative case study on how this analytical framework describes and explains organizational change in partnerships from a problem-based perspective. The framework can be used to better understand and predict the complex relationships between MSP governance processes, systemic change and societal problems, but also as a guiding tool in organizing governance processes to continuously re-assess the problems over time and address them accordingly. (shrink)
Multiculturalism and Migration: Reconfiguring the Debate.Domenico Melidoro -2023 -Res Publica 29 (4):561-576.detailsThis paper aims to establish connections between the theoretical debates on migration and multiculturalism. In the former, there are two dominant positions: the open borders approach and another approach that argues for the legitimacy of border control based on several considerations (we will call it controlled borders approach). In the second, based on the autonomy granted to groups, a distinction is made between strong and weak multiculturalism. It is generally believed that an open borders approach is connected to strong multiculturalism (...) and that a controlled borders approach should be conjoined with weak multiculturalism. This paper prompts us to consider the possibility of developing further theoretical options and, as a result, enriches the debate by showing possibilities that have been largely overlooked so far. In particular, the paper sketches two unprecedented positions, one coming from the combination of open borders approach and weak multiculturalism, and another coming from controlled borders approach and strong multiculturalism. (shrink)
Sull’intelligibilità del sensibile. Nota al contributo di Adelchi Baratono nell’estetica italiana del primo Novecento.Domenico Spinosa -2017 -Aisthesis: Pratiche, Linguaggi E Saperi Dell’Estetico 10 (2):73-83.detailsThe contribution examines the notion of occasionalismo sensista, or also known by the expression of formalismo sensista, that the Italian philosopher Adelchi Baratono was proposing in the ’30s and ’40s of the twentieth century. Best known for his dense volume, Il mondo sensibile. Introduzione all’estetica, Baratono is among the first thinkers of his time in Italy to start a confrontation with Kantian criticism in aesthetic context, looking groundwork for an alternative route to the one proposed by the Italian Neo-idealism. In (...) fact, against the absolutization of the subject, which Baratono ascribes, in particular, to the thought of Giovanni Gentile, he affirms the profound otherness of subject and object in front of which philosophy is bound to be wrecked. In this perspective, the “sensible world” for Baratono is in itself, regardless of the knowing subject, because everything is resolved in the “world within and around us”. In this perspective, Baratono affirms that the feeling is all this, that is something without which are neither perception nor the concept and even the idea. The feeling, therefore, far from being considered the first stage of knowledge, is the real existence. (shrink)
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Cross-Sector Partnerships and the Co-creation of Dynamic Capabilities for Stakeholder Orientation.Domenico Dentoni,Verena Bitzer &Stefano Pascucci -2016 -Journal of Business Ethics 135 (1):35-53.detailsThis paper explores the relationship between business experience in cross-sector partnerships and the co-creation of what we refer to as ‘dynamic capabilities for stakeholder orientation,’ consisting of the four dimensions of sensing, interacting with, learning from and changing based on stakeholders. We argue that the co-creation of dynamic capabilities for stakeholder orientation is crucial for CSPs to create societal impact, as stakeholder-oriented organizations are more suited to deal with “wicked problems,” i.e., problems that are large, messy, and complex. By means (...) of a grounded theory approach of inductive research, we collected and interpreted data on four global agri-food companies which have heterogeneous experience in participating in CSPs. The results of this paper highlight that only companies’ capability of interacting with stakeholders continually increases, while their capabilities of sensing, learning from, and changing based on stakeholders first increase and then decrease as companies gain more experience in CSP participation. To a large extent, this can be attributed to the development of corporate strategies on sustainability after a few years of CSP participation, which entails a shift from a reactive to a proactive attitude towards sustainability issues and which may decrease the need or motivation for stakeholder orientation. These findings open up important issues for discussion and for future research on the impact of CSPs in a context of wicked problems. (shrink)
Uniqueness of simultaneity.Domenico Giulini -2001 -British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 52 (4):651-670.detailsWe consider the problem of uniqueness of certain simultaneity structures in flat spacetime. Absolute simultaneity is specifiled to be a non-trivial equivalence relation which is invariant under the automorphism group Aut of spacetime. Aut is taken to be the identity-component of either the inhomogeneous Galilei group or the inhomogeneous Lorentz group. Uniqueness of standard simultaneity in the first, and absence of any absolute simultaneity in the second case are demonstrated and related to certain group theoretic properties. Relative simultaneity with respect (...) to an additional structure X on spacetime is specified to be a non-trivial equivalence relation which is invariant under the subgroup in Aut that stabilises X. Uniqueness of standard Einstein simultaneity is proven in the Lorentzian case when X is an inertial frame. We end by discussing the relation to previous work of others. (shrink)
Nietzsche, the aristocratic rebel: intellectual biography and critical balance-sheet.Domenico Losurdo -2019 - Boston: Brill. Edited by Harrison Fluss & Gregor Benton.detailsPerhaps no philosopher is more of a conundrum than Nietzsche, the solitary rebel, poet, wayfarer, anti-revolutionary Aufklärer and theorist of aristocratic radicalism. His accusers identify in his 'superman' the origins of Nazism, and thus issue an irrevocable condemnation; his defenders pursue a hermeneutics of innocence founded ultimately in allegory. In a work that constitutes the most important contribution to Nietzschean studies in recent decades,Domenico Losurdo instead pursues a less reductive strategy. Taking literally the ruthless implications of Nietzsche's anti-democratic (...) thinking - his celebration of slavery, of war and colonial expansion, and eugenics - he nevertheless refuses to treat these from the perspective of the mid-twentieth century. In doing so, he restores Nietzsche's works to their complex nineteenth-century context, and presents a more compelling account of the importance of Nietzsche as philosopher than can be expected from his many contemporary apologists. (shrink)
Elementary classes of finite VC-dimension.Domenico Zambella -2015 -Archive for Mathematical Logic 54 (5-6):511-520.detailsLet be a saturated model of inaccessible cardinality, and let be arbitrary. Let denote the expansion of with a new predicate for. Write for the collection of subsets such that ≡. We prove that if the VC-dimension of is finite then is externally definable.
Pour une critique de la catégorie de totalitarisme.Domenico Losurdo -2004 -Actuel Marx 35 (1):115-147.detailsThe Case for a Critique of the Category of Totalitarianism. In this articleDomenico Losurdo sketches a history of the category of totalitarianism, rehearsing the various shifts it has been subject to since the October revolution. While the roots of the notion are to be located both in the violence inflected by the colonial enterprise upon indigenous populations and the violence exercised at the very heart of the capitalist metropolis, upon the poor and the outcast, such violence did take (...) on a number of unprecedented characteristics in the twentieth century phenomenon of total war. The imperatives of the cold war were subsequently to lead western liberals to the formulation of a strange indictment of the revolutionary. (shrink)
Discursos, instituciones y saber en el pensamiento de Michel Foucault.María CristinaConforti Rojas -2017 -Universitas Philosophica 34 (69):105-119.detailsThis paper reflects on the relation between discourse, knowledge and institutions, in the context of the teachings of the French philosopher Michel Foucault. The question about discourse leads Foucault to inquire about the relation between knowledge and power. The imbrication of knowledge and power that his analysis uncovers sets in motion a powerful and multiple production technology that extends with positive effects to all society and institutions. An example of this is the institution of school and in its particular rediscovery (...) of disciplines. We briefly review the writings of humanists of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries as examples of the positive effects of the idea of educating men and women in intellectual tasks through the study of school disciplines, indispensable to achieve critical thought, the core of the positive and productive effect of school learning. (shrink)
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The generation of order and form within transpersonal fields: Insights from the psychotherapeutic situation.MichaelConforti -1997 -World Futures 48 (1):171-190.details(1997). The generation of order and form within transpersonal fields: Insights from the psychotherapeutic situation. World Futures: Vol. 48, The Concept of Collective Consiousness: Research Perspectives, pp. 171-190.
En el vórtice del origen. Maquiavelo con Walter Benjamin.Domenico Scalzo -2019 -Ingenium. Revista Electrónica de Pensamiento Moderno y Metodología En Historia de Las Ideas 13:101-119.detailsThe essay aims at interpreting some aspects of Machiavelli’s thought in the light of Benjamin’s philosophy. The topic of the origin of politics is the red thread of the arguments therein developed. In particular the essay focuses on the immanent origin in the becoming of history, which is the absolute beginning of an era; such immanent origin is not separated from time, but rather a remote and identifiable point in the time itself: a first cause which determines the path ahead. (...) Such origin has to do with the idea of absolute politics, with the idea of conflict and freedom in politics, which the essay carries to its point of catastrophe, whose vortex ruins any possible order. A final reference is made to the messianic splinters scattered in Machiavelli’s work and to Machiavelli’s idea of redemption. (shrink)
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A Sociological Understanding of Suicide Attacks.Domenico Tosini -2009 -Theory, Culture and Society 26 (4):67-96.detailsOver the last 25 years, suicide attacks have become an alarming threat. They are a political tool which has been adopted by several organizations in Sri Lanka, Palestine and the Occupied Territories, Turkey, Chechnya, Afghanistan, Pakistan and, in particular, by the Al-Qaeda-led insurgency in Iraq in its struggle against the US and its allies. Recent analyses have traced back the use of suicide terrorism to its `strategic logic': organizations and their militants resort to suicide attacks mainly because they view this (...) form of violence as an efficient weapon for their revolutionary and nationalist campaigns. An explanation based on the paradigm of rational choice theory or instrumental rationality alone is, however, insufficient. This article suggests the importance of combining the paradigm of instrumental rationality with that of axiological rationality. Only this kind of explanation is able to clarify the crucial role played by those cultural and symbolic elements which justify and encourage the martyrdom of suicide attackers. Moreover, by adopting a multi-causal analysis of the armed organizations, their constituencies and the attackers, as well as of their interaction, the article outlines a theoretical model of the most important social mechanisms underlying the use of suicide tactics. (shrink)
Alberto Caracciolo.Domenico Venturelli -2012 -Rivista di Storia Della Filosofia 4:775-789.detailsThe author aims to sketch out a biographical and philosophical profile of Alberto Caracciolo, Italian philosopher in the second half of the twentieth century. In order to reach a better understanding of the philosopher's religious point of view, he believes it is necessary to emphasize both Caracciolo's juvenile friendship with Teresio Olivelli - martyr of the resistance against Nazism - and his critical engagement with the thought of great philosophers such as Croce, Leopardi, Kant, Troeltsch, Jaspers and Heidegger. The author (...) intends also to analyze how Caracciolo's renewal of religious tradition, reconsidered through the concept of Liberalität, connected with his restless and anxious way of considering the malum mundi, led towards an original interpretation of European nihilism. This involves an idea of philosophy, linked to an inexhaustible question and to an ethical and religious view of human life, grounded in a paradoxical way on the imperative of eternity. (shrink)
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