Essays on Ayn Rand's Atlas Shrugged.Michael S. Berliner,Andrew Bernstein,Harry Binswanger,Tore Boeckmann,Jeff Britting,DebiGhate,OnkarGhate,Allan Gotthelf,Edwin A. Locke,Shoshana Milgram,Leonard Peikoff,Richard Ralston,Gregory Salmieri,Tara Smith,Mary Ann Sures &Darryl Wright (eds.) -2009 - Lexington Books.detailsThis is the first scholarly study of Atlas Shrugged, covering in detail the historical, literary, and philosophical aspects of Ayn Rand's magnum opus. Topics explored in depth include the history behind the novel's creation, publication, and reception; its nature as a romantic novel; and its presentation of a radical new philosophy.
Why businessmen need philosophy: the capitalist's guide to the ideas behind Ayn Rand's Atlas shrugged.DebiGhate &Richard E. Ralston (eds.) -2011 - New York: New American Library.detailsThe intellectual tools every business person needs in the boardroom. Includes two rare essays by Ayn Rand! With government and the media blaming big business for the world economic crisis, capitalism needs all the help it can get. It's the perfect time for this collection of essays presenting a philosophical defense of capitalism by Ayn Rand and other Objectivist intellectuals. Essential and practical, Why Businessmen Need Philosophy reveals the importance of maintaining philosophical principles in the corporate environment at all levels (...) of business from daily operations to executive decisions, and provides the tactical and tactful rational thinking required to defend companies from ideological attacks. (shrink)
DebiGhate and Richard E. Ralston: Why businessmen need philosophy: the capitalist’s guide to the ideas behind Ayn Rand’s Atlas Shrugged.Mario Garitta -2012 -Poiesis and Praxis 8 (4):197-201.detailsThe essays in this book are meant to serve as an introduction to those ideas of Ayn Rand, which are of particular relevance to business people. Rand was known as a spirited defender of the laissez-faire free enterprise system. It is less commonly known that Rand was also deeply committed to the centrality of the enterprise of philosophy for both public and private life. The essays in this book try to bridge the gap between these two aspects of Rand’s thought. (...) The results of the review of the book are mostly positive. The review attempts to separate the different themes in the book such as the importance of philosophy in general, the importance of philosophy for business, the philosophical defense of the free enterprise system and then to evaluate the evidence and arguments presented by the essayists for each claim. (shrink)
Thresholds for color discrimination in English and Korean speakers.Debi Roberson,J. Richard Hanley &Hyensou Pak -2009 -Cognition 112 (3):482-487.detailsCategorical perception (CP) is said to occur when a continuum of equally spaced physical changes is perceived as unequally spaced as a function of category membership (Harnad, S. (Ed.) (1987). Psychophysical and cognitive aspects of categorical perception: A critical overview. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press). A common suggestion is that CP for color arises because perception is qualitatively distorted when we learn to categorize a dimension. Contrary to this view, we here report that English speakers show no evidence of lowered discrimination (...) thresholds at the boundaries between blue and green categories even though CP is found at these boundaries in a supra-threshold task. Furthermore, there is no evidence of different discrimination thresholds between individuals from two language groups (English and Korean) who use different color terminology in the blue-green region and have different supra-threshold boundaries. Our participants' just noticeable difference (JND) thresholds suggest that they retain a smooth continuum of perceptual space that is not warped by stretching at category boundaries or by within-category compression. At least for the domain of color, categorical perception appears to be a categorical, but not a perceptual phenomenon. (shrink)
Comment on “Language and Emotion”: Metaphor, Morality and Contested Concepts.Debi Roberson &Lydia Whitaker -2016 -Emotion Review 8 (3):282-283.detailsThe nature of emotion concepts and whether there are any that are universally “basic” remains controversial, as acknowledged in the article “Language and Emotion.” The suggestion that some emotions are embodied through a process of association between neural networks for bodily sensations (e.g., raised temperature) and neural circuitry dedicated to linguistic metaphor is interesting, but speculative. However, it is a hypothesis that risks relegating speakers of languages that lack sophisticated metaphors to a lower level on some scale of linguistic evolution.
Memes and the Ecological Niche.Deby L. Cassill &Benjamin E. Hardisty -2010 -Biological Theory 5 (2):109-111.detailsIn The Selfish Gene, Dawkins (1976) proposed the existence of a unit of cultural inheritance that he called the meme. Some examples of memes are clothing fashions, tool designs, and architectural designs. Like genes, memes must share three properties: longevity, fecundity, and copying-fidelity. Longevity refers to the lifespan of a meme, fecundity to the rate of spread of a meme, and copying-fidelity to how accurately a meme is replicated. In other work (Hardisty and Cassill, in preparation), we hypothesized that successful (...) memes should share a fourth property with successful genes: memes should affect an organism’s lifetime fitness by improving survival or reproduction. Sterelny (2006) argued that high-fitness memes include tools or artifacts that are physically enduring, made from easy to find materials, and easy to reverse-engineer. Here, we argue that another way to link memes to individual fitness is to think of tools as part of an organism’s ecological niche. Each tool or artifact an organism makes that extends its evolutionary lifespan or increases its reproductive output is thus a meme that is directly contributing to that organism’s fitness. (shrink)
Aparokshānubhūti aura Śaṅkarācārya.Jānakī Debī -1998 - Dillī: Nāga Prakāśaka.detailsStudy of Aparokṣānubhūti of Śaṅkarācārya, work on Advaita philosophy.
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Du Grec en Syriaque : La transmission du récit de la prise d'Amid (502) dans l'historiographie Byzantine.Muriel Debié -2003 -Byzantinische Zeitschrift 96 (2):601-622.detailsLe récit du siège et de la prise d'Amid, place-forte de Mésopotamie, en 502, constitue un exemple intéressant de la manière dont se transmet un récit historique de la tradition grecque au domaine syriaque et au-delà. Présent dans l'historiographie grecque (Évagre, Procope, Malalas, Théophane) comme un épisode de la brève période d'affrontement entre Perses et Romains dans les années 502–507, ce récit connaît un succès particulier dans les textes syriaques où il passe du domaine de l'histoire à celui de la (...) légende. Cet épisode apparaît dans l'Histoire d'Édesse de 506 du pseudo-Josué, dans l'Histoire ecclésiastique du pseudo-Zacharie et dans toutes les chronographies importantes: celle de Zuqnin, du pseudo-Denys, dans celle d'Édesse de 1234 et dans celle de Michel le Syrien. Il est par ailleurs mentionné dans toutes les petites chroniques, qui indiquent la date, la durée, le nombre de victimes du siège. La similitude entre la version de Procope et celle du pseudo-Zacharie a déjà été relevée mais n'a jamais fait l'objet d'une enquête qui permette d'élucider les liens qui les unissent et d'établir par quelle voie ce texte est passé du grec au syriaque où il a été retravaillé pour répondre à des besoins apologétiques. La chute de la ville aux mains des Perses est en effet présentée à partir de l'Histoire ecclésiastique du pseudo-Zacharie comme une punition pour les chrétiens infidèles, livrés au roi perse Kavadh à qui le Christ serait apparu et aurait donné la victoire. Le récit est dès lors utilisé pour exhorter les communautés chrétiennes à persévérer dans la foi « orthodoxe ». Cette version du siège est ensuite traduite de manière inattendue en arabe puis en géorgien, dans ce qui semble être le reste d'une chronique. (shrink)
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A Being of Self‐Made Soul.OnkarGhate -2016 - In Allan Gotthelf & Gregory Salmieri,A Companion to Ayn Rand. Chichester: Wiley-Blackwell. pp. 105–129.detailsAs a novelist who self‐consciously identified with the Romantic school of literature, Ayn Rand was intensely concerned with an individual's choices. For Rand man is a being of self‐made soul in two senses. By his specific choices, man necessarily creates the kind of person he becomes: the basic premises and values that move him. And man's faculty of volition gives him the power to (re)shape his soul in the image of his moral ideal. This chapter examines why, given the nature (...) of man's free will, Rand holds that an individual by his choices develops an implicit philosophy. To do this, the chapter considers three crucial issues in Rand's thought: her accounts of self‐esteem, of sense of life, and of psycho‐epistemology. Rand discusses the fact that the rationality or irrationality of an individual's social environment can encourage thought or encourage mental passivity and evasion. (shrink)
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A Free Mind and a Free Market Are Corollaries.OnkarGhate -2016 - In Allan Gotthelf & Gregory Salmieri,A Companion to Ayn Rand. Chichester: Wiley-Blackwell. pp. 222–242.detailsAyn Rand is perhaps most widely known as an uncompromising advocate of laissez‐faire capitalism. This chapter focuses on Rand's account of some of the crucial philosophical premises implicit in the operations of a free market. It covers briefly the basic approach to knowledge and values that Rand argues is implicitly embedded in the operations of a free market. The chapter then moves to a discussion of her view of how this approach plays out: that it is the producers of economic (...) values (not the consumers) who govern the operations of a free market. Next, it explores Rand idea that statist systems are not alternative forms of economic production but simply the destruction, partial or total, of producers. Finally, the chapter sketches Rand's views on the relation of philosophy to economics and discusses her evaluations of some free‐market economists. (shrink)
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Induction, Probability, and Skepticism: A History of Rival Ethics and Economics.Debi Prasad Chattopadhyaya -1991 - Albany, NY, USA: State University of New York Press.detailsChattopadhyaya (philosophy, Jadavpur U., Calcutta) examines the epistemological and methodological implications of induction and probability.
Sociology, ideology, and utopia: socio-political philosophy of East and West.Debi Prasad Chattopadhyaya -1997 - New York: Brill.detailsThis engaging, wide-ranging study in comparative social and political philosophy gives a well-argued account of how ideological and even utopian views, such as normative communication, development and justice, are sociologically rooted. It also shows how this fact has been reflected in the social history of Asian countries like India and China, as well as some Western countries during the last two centuries. To illustrate the underlying concepts, reference is made to influential thinkers, both from the East and West, from Hegel (...) and James Mill to Marx and Maozedong, and from Gandhi to Rawls. The author, himself one of the major contemporary Indian philosophers, offers arguments to show that the right version of cultural relativism is objective and judgeable. Concrete case studies are cited indicating why even fundamental values like indivisible peace and "our own green planet" cannot be practically universalized. Yet this work is a sustained plea for improvable understanding between the East and the West and the transcultural value orientation of different cultures. (shrink)
Science, Philosophy, and Culture: Multi-Disciplinary Explorations.Debi Prasad Chattopadhyaya &Ravinder Kumar (eds.) -1996 - Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers.detailsThis Volume Is Being Published By The Project Of History Of Indian Science Philosophy And Culture. The Main Idea Underlying This Project Is To Study The Interconnection Between Philosophy, Science And Technology As Elements Of The Culture Of India. The Hallmark Of The Project Is Its Interdisciplinarity.
Mapping the Residual Landscape.Jeffrey S. Debies-Carl -2011 -Environment, Space, Place 3 (2):51-81.detailsTh is article examines the extent to which spaces are structuring influences on, or targets of, action. Two factors and their interactions are presented: the extent to which a space is 1) maintained and 2) used. As these factors increase in strength, the structural influences of a space increase while agential opportunities are diminished. Conversely, as spaces become dilapidated and abandoned, structural forces are weakened and the potential for creative action heightens. These spaces can be conceptualized as elements of the (...) ‘residual landscape’: spaces left behind by socio-historical processes and practices. Special cases are considered where the factors are inversely related and issues of structure and agency are complicated. A brief case study serves to illustrate each type of spaceand the factors which operate therein. (shrink)
Suntingan dan terjemahan teks Wedharan wewadining bawana: alih bahasa.Deby Steviangga Harsena (ed.) -2019 - Jakarta: Perpustakaan Nasional, Republik Indonesia bekerja sama dengan Masyarakat Pernaskahan Nusantara.detailsTransliteration and translation of Wedharan wewadining bawana, a Javanese classic literature on Javenese ethics and conduct of life.
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How culture might constrain color categories.Debi Roberson &Catherine O'Hanlon -2005 -Behavioral and Brain Sciences 28 (4):505-506.detailsIf language is crucial to the development of shared colour categories, how might cultural constraints influence the development of divergent category sets? We propose that communities arrive at different sets of categories because the tendency to group by perceptual similarity interacts with environmental factors (differential access to dying and printing technologies), to make different systems optimal for communication in different situations.
Show and Tell: The Role of Language in Categorizing Facial Expression of Emotion.Debi Roberson,Ljubica Damjanovic &Mariko Kikutani -2010 -Emotion Review 2 (3):255-260.detailsWe review evidence that language is involved in the establishment and maintenance of adult categories of facial expressions of emotion. We argue that individual and group differences in facial expression interpretation are too great for a fully specified system of categories to be universal and hardwired. Variations in expression categorization, across individuals and groups, favor a model in which an initial “core” system recognizes only the grouping of positive versus negative emotional expressions. The subsequent development of a rich representational structure (...) may require the integration of a verbal categorization system with a perceptual processing system that is category-agnostic. Such a model may reconcile many strands of apparently conflicting behavioral, physiological, and neuroscience evidence concerning our understanding of facial expressions of emotion. (shrink)
Humans, meanings, and existences.Debi Prasad Chattopadhyaya (ed.) -1983 - Delhi: Macmillan.detailsThe 1970s will test the headstrong and beautiful Isabelle Courtney to the extreme. They will be times of hardship and pain, hidden behind the masks of affluence and success. Brother will be pitted against brother as this story moves from London to Europe and to the searing heat of a divided Africa.
Sri Aurobindo and Karl Marx: integral sociology and dialectical sociology.Debi Prasad Chattopadhyaya -1988 - Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass. Edited by D. P. Chattopadhyaya.detailsKarl Marx and Sri aurobindo with whose ideas this book is mainly concerned, through belong to two different culturesand ages, the affinity of their chosen ...
A Naturological Approach to Corporate Governance.Deby Lee Cassill &Ronald Paul Hill -2007 -Business and Society 46 (3):286-303.detailsNaturological systems contain two bases of power: personal and group capital. Profit seeking and profit sharing are mechanisms by which capital is obtained. For example, acquiring profits in the form of body fat, food caches, and prime territory allows organisms to survive scarcity; likewise, profit sharing appeases those who might otherwise steal resources. Moreover, sharing is a cost-effective way for organisms to avoid predation. Complementary powers of nature are applicable to corporations, with implications for governance. Corporate environments dominated by recessions (...) and takeovers (the equivalent of scarcity and predation) require investors, management, and boards (the wealthy) to share profits with employees and the surrounding community (the masses) for long-term survival. To explore these mutualistic relationships, the authors discuss naturological approaches to corporations and stakeholders. Connections with governance literature follow, emphasizing solutions in nature to age-old problems that contributed to recent abuses. The article closes with implications for socially responsible corporate governance. (shrink)
Empirical evidence for constraints on colour categorisation.Jules Davidoff &Debi Roberson -1997 -Behavioral and Brain Sciences 20 (2):185-186.detailsThe question of whether colour categorisation is determined by nontrivial constraints (i.e., universal neurophysiological properties of visual neurons) is an empirical issue concerning the organisation of the internal colour space. Rosch has provided psychological evidence that categories are organised around focal colours and that the organisation is universal; this commentary reconsiders that evidence.
Considering the Prevalence of the "Stimulus Error" in Color Naming Research.Kimberly Jameson,Debi Roberson,Don Dedrick &David Bimler -2007 -Journal of Cognition and Culture 7 (1-2):119-142.detailsIn "Does the Basic Color Terms discussion suffer from the Stimulus Error?" Rolf Kuehni describes a research stumbling block known as the "stimulus error," and hints at the difficulties it causes for mainstream color naming research. Among the issues intrinsic to Kuehni's "stimulus error" description is the important question of what can generally be inferred from color naming behaviors based on bounded samples of empirical stimuli. Here we examine some specifics of the color naming research issues that Kuehni raises. While (...) we share Kuehni's view regarding potential problems caused by the "stimulus error" and his concern regarding its prevalence, Kuehni's commentary seems primarily aimed at stimulating a general discussion of color naming research implications, because the articles he critiques do not actually commit the "stimulus error" in any serious sense. Based on Kuehni's comments, we further examine some of the relevant empirical and theoretical implications for cross-cultural color naming research. (shrink)
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Can Precollege Philosophy Help Academic Philosophy’s Diversity Problem?Nic R. Jones,Debi Talukdar &Sara Goering -2022 -Precollege Philosophy and Public Practice 4:5-31.detailsThere is a significant lack of diversity in philosophy, including an underrepresentation of women and people of color, and a dearth of philosophy programs that offer classes exploring philosophy outside the Western canon. This problem is further compounded by institutional racism, sexism, and ableism within philosophy pedagogy and practice and the perception that philosophy is an abstract subject suitable only for academically advanced students. If philosophy were made more accessible to a diverse group of students before they entered college, would (...) it be possible to recruit more individuals from underrepresented groups into the field? In 2018, PLATO and the APA surveyed their members about their first exposure to philosophy. It was clear that early experiences—conversations with friends and family, books in grade school, and classes in high school—were pivotal moments that generated interest in philosophy. In this paper we describe some of these experiences and suggest that P4C programs, if done well, have the potential to help build a robust and inclusive K–12 to college philosophy pipeline by tapping into the natural interest children have in philosophical wondering. (shrink)
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Knowledge about Puberty and Sexual Development in 11‐16 Year‐olds: implications for health and sex education in schools.Sandra Winn,Debi Roker &John Coleman -1995 -Educational Studies 21 (2):187-201.detailsSummary Knowledge is an important but largely neglected variable in sex education research. This study aimed to develop a measure to assess young people's knowledge about puberty and sexual development, and to examine knowledge in relation to age, gender and school. The main results of the study were that knowledge increased more between age 11/12 and 13/14 than between 13/14 and 15/16, girls knew more than boys at every age, and there were few differences in knowledge between the four schools (...) involved in the study. The research has a number of implications for sex education in schools. First, it was found that even by age 15?16 some young people lack information which is essential if they are to avoid unwanted pregnancy. Second, it may be that boys and girls need to be taught separately to enable the different needs of each gender to be addressed. Third, young people know more about some aspects of puberty and sexual development than others, and there are particular times when knowledge develops most rapidly. Giving teachers this information could help them to target areas of particular ignorance. The questionnaire developed to assess knowledge proved to be accurate and reliable, and a measure that is straightforward to score and analyse. As such, it has considerable potential for use in the classroom. (shrink)
Essays on Ayn Rand's "We the Living".Michael S. Berliner,Andrew Bernstein,Jeff Britting,Dina Garmong,OnkarGhate,John Lewis,Scott McConnell,Shoshana Milgram,Richard E. Ralston,John Ridpath,Tara Smith &Jena Trammell -2004 - Lexington Books.detailsAyn Rand's first novel, We the Living, offers an early form of the author's nascent philosophy—the philosophy Rand later called Objectivism. Robert Mayhew's collection of entirely new essays brings together pre-eminent scholars of Rand's writing. In part a history of We the Living, from its earliest drafts to the Italian film later based upon it, Mayhew's collection goes on to explore the enduring significance of Rand's first novel as a work both of philosophy and of literature.