Phylogenetic Numericlature.David L. Hull -1966 -Systematic Zoology 15 (1):14-17.detailsThe author proposes a system of identification, positional, and phyletic numbers for taxa that makes possible a significant relationship between numerical classification and phylogeny.
Thinking from the Han: Self, Truth, and Transcendence in Chinese and Western Culture.David L. Hall &Roger T. Ames -1998 - SUNY Press.detailsExamines the issues of self (including gender), truth, and transcendence in classical Chinese and Western philosophy.
The Democracy of the Dead: Dewey, Confucius, and the Hope for Democracy in China.David L. Hall &Roger T. Ames -1999 - Open Court Publishing Company.detailsWill democracy figure prominently in China's future? If so, what kind of democracy? In this insightful and thought-provoking book,David Hall and Roger Ames explore such questions and, in the course of answering them, look to the ideas of John Dewey and Confucius.
The Operational Imperative: Sense and Nonsense in Operationism.David L. Hull -1968 -Systematic Zoology 17 (4):438-457.detailsSeveral important terms in biology have recently been criticized for not being "operational." In this paper the course of operationism in physics, psychology and genetics is sketched to show what effect this particular view on the meaning of scientific terms had on these disciplines. Then the biological species concept and the concept of homology are examined to see in what respects they are or are not "operational." One of the primary conclusions of this investigation is that few terms in science (...) are completely operational or completely nonoperational. Some scientific terms, especially theoretical terms, are a good deal less operational than others; but, far from being regrettable, this situation is essential if theoretical terms are to fulfill their systematizing function and if scientific theories are to be capable of growth. (shrink)
The Polis and its analogues in the thought of Hannah Arendt:David L. Marshall.David L. Marshall -2010 -Modern Intellectual History 7 (1):123-149.detailsCriticized as a nostalgic anachronism by those who oppose her version of political theory and lauded as symbol of direct democratic participation by those who favor it, the Athenian polis features prominently in Hannah Arendt's account of politics. This essay traces the origin and development of Arendt's conception of the polis as a space of appearance from the early 1950s onward. It makes particular use of the Denktagebuch, Arendt's intellectual diary, in order to shed new light on the historicity of (...) one of her central concepts. The article contends that both critics and partisans of Arendt's use of the polis have made the same mistake: they have presumed that the polis represents a space of face-to-face immediacy. In fact, Arendt compared the polis to a series of analogues, many of which are not centered on direct exchanges between political actors and spectators. As a result, Arendt's early work on the polis turns out to anticipate many of the concerns of her later work on judgment, and her theory of the polis becomes a theory of topics. (shrink)
Democracy without autonomy? : information technology's manipulation of experience and morality.David L. Hildebrand -2025 - In Michael G. Festl,John Dewey and contemporary challenges to democratic education. London: Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group.detailsDemocracies around the world find themselves under increasing threat; in some quarters, educators are revisiting whether democratic values should be made a more prominent part of curricula to foment a more vigorous social response. This paper does not take up the curricular question. Rather, it begins by discussing some preliminaries about the role of habits and values in education, particularly from John Dewey’s point of view. Dewey articulates especially well how education in the wider sense educates habits necessary for critical (...) inquiry, empathetic imagination, and democratic self-governance. Next, it investigates the technological context which is rapidly constituting the environment in which all institutions, including education, exist. How are important developments in recent technologies affecting children and adults? How are they modifying the way we feel, reason, and imagine ourselves and our future? Finally, these questions lead back to the issue of democracy, for if the feelings, values, and habits are being modified, the very way we inquire or problem-solve is changing, too. What are the impacts on habits critical to democratic life, such as autonomous inquiry and empathetic apprehension of other citizens? Do such changes comprise a critical factor as to whether democratic values can be sustained? I believe the answer is yes. (shrink)
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Algorithmic Probability and Friends. Bayesian Prediction and Artificial Intelligence: Papers From the Ray Solomonoff 85th Memorial Conference, Melbourne, Vic, Australia, November 30 -- December 2, 2011.David L. Dowe (ed.) -2013 - Springer.detailsAlgorithmic probability and friends: Proceedings of the Ray Solomonoff 85th memorial conference is a collection of original work and surveys. The Solomonoff 85th memorial conference was held at Monash University's Clayton campus in Melbourne, Australia as a tribute to pioneer, Ray Solomonoff, honouring his various pioneering works - most particularly, his revolutionary insight in the early 1960s that the universality of Universal Turing Machines could be used for universal Bayesian prediction and artificial intelligence. This work continues to increasingly influence and (...) under-pin statistics, econometrics, machine learning, data mining, inductive inference, search algorithms, data compression, theories of intelligence and philosophy of science - and applications of these areas. Ray not only envisioned this as the path to genuine artificial intelligence, but also, still in the 1960s, anticipated stages of progress in machine intelligence which would ultimately lead to machines surpassing human intelligence. Ray warned of the need to anticipate and discuss the potential consequences - and dangers - sooner rather than later. Possibly foremostly, Ray Solomonoff was a fine, happy, frugal and adventurous human being of gentle resolve who managed to fund himself while electing to conduct so much of his paradigm-changing research outside of the university system. The volume contains 35 papers pertaining to the abovementioned topics in tribute to Ray Solomonoff and his legacy. (shrink)
Science as a Process: An Evolutionary Account of the Social and Conceptual Development of Science.David L. Hull -1988 - University of Chicago Press.details"Legend is overdue for replacement, and an adequate replacement must attend to the process of science as carefully as Hull has done. I share his vision of a serious account of the social and intellectual dynamics of science that will avoid both the rosy blur of Legend and the facile charms of relativism.... Because of [Hull's] deep concern with the ways in which research is actually done, Science as a Process begins an important project in the study of science. It (...) is one of a distinguished series of books, which Hull himself edits."—Philip Kitcher, Nature "In Science as a Process, [David Hull] argues that the tension between cooperation and competition is exactly what makes science so successful.... Hull takes an unusual approach to his subject. He applies the rules of evolution in nature to the evolution of science, arguing that the same kinds of forces responsible for shaping the rise and demise of species also act on the development of scientific ideas."—Natalie Angier, New York Times Book Review "By far the most professional and thorough case in favour of an evolutionary philosophy of science ever to have been made. It contains excellent short histories of evolutionary biology and of systematics (the science of classifying living things); an important and original account of modern systematic controversy; a counter-attack against the philosophical critics of evolutionary philosophy; social-psychological evidence, collected by Hull himself, to show that science does have the character demanded by his philosophy; and a philosophical analysis of evolution which is general enough to apply to both biological and historical change."—Mark Ridley, Times Literary Supplement "Hull is primarily interested in how social interactions within the scientific community can help or hinder the process by which new theories and techniques get accepted.... The claim that science is a process for selecting out the best new ideas is not a new one, but Hull tells us exactly how scientists go about it, and he is prepared to accept that at least to some extent, the social activities of the scientists promoting a new idea can affect its chances of being accepted."—Peter J. Bowler, Archives of Natural History "I have been doing philosophy of science now for twenty-five years, and whilst I would never have claimed that I knew everything, I felt that I had a really good handle on the nature of science, Again and again, Hull was able to show me just how incomplete my understanding was.... Moreover, [Science as a Process] is one of the most compulsively readable books that I have ever encountered."—Michael Ruse, Biology and Philosophy. (shrink)
On an Internal Disparity in Universalizability-Criterion Formulations.David L. Norton -1980 -Review of Metaphysics 33 (3):519 - 526.detailsIN Freedom and Reason, R. M. Hare identifies the requirement of universalizability as "that of finding some action to which one is prepared to commit oneself, and which at the same time one is prepared to accept as exemplifying a principle of action binding on anyone in like circumstances." In Ethics and Action, Peter Winch describes universalizability as the criterion "which would have it that a man who thinks that a given action is the right one for him to perform (...) in certain circumstances is logically committed to thinking that the same action would be right for anyone else in relevantly similar circumstances." And in a recent issue of Mind, Michael E. Levin says that the "original question" concerning the universalizability-criterion is "whether a man X can intelligibly judge that he ought to do A while refusing to commit himself to the claim that anyone else ought to do A.". (shrink)
Beyond Mechanism: The Universe in Recent Physics and Catholic Thought.David L. Schindler -1986 - Upa.detailsExamines the meaning of nature, or physics, in light of some of the central concerns of Catholic theology and philosophy. The papers presented here result from a conference which examined developments in twentieth-century physics, particularly as interpreted in the work of theoretical physicistDavid Bohm. Co-published with COMMUNIO International Catholic Review.
Habermas and Literary Rationality.David L. Colclasure -2010 - New York: Routledge.detailsLiterary scholarship has paid little serious attention to Habermas' philosophy, and, on the other hand, the reception of Habermas has given little attention to the role that literary practice can play in a broader theory of communicative action.David Colclasure's argument sets out to demonstrate that a specific, literary form of rationality inheres in literary practice and the public reception of literary works which provides a unique contribution to the political public sphere.
Some Unsettling Ethical Reflections on Interrogation.L. PerryDavid -2010 -International Journal of Intelligence Ethics 1 (1).detailsAn examination of ethical and legal issues in intelligence interrogation tactics.
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The Spectrum of Political Engagement: Mounier, Benda, Nizan, Brasillach, Sartre.David L. Schalk -1979 - Princeton: Princeton University Press.detailsWhy do artists, poets, philosophers, writers, and others who are usually classified as intellectuals leave the ivory tower to "dirty their hands" in the political arena? In an effort to illuminate the intellectual's struggle to come to grips with the issues raised by political involvement,David Schalk examines the life and thought of five intellectuels engagés in France during the period between 1920 and 1945. From communist to fascist, these figures—Paul Nizan, Jean-Paul Sartre, Emmanuel Mounier, Julien Benda, and Robert (...) Brasillach—cover the full political spectrum, and Professor Schalk studies their diverse reactions to the social, political, and economic tensions of the interwar period. Broadly defining "engagement" as political involvement that is voluntary, conscious, and freely chosen, usually by intellectuals, the author poses the intellectual's dilemma in the following terms: "When we are engagé," he writes, "we fear that we are debasing our highest values; when we are not, we worry that we have become, in Paul Nizan's trenchant phrase, mere chiens de garde [watchdogs]." He then investigates the origins and the popularization of the concept of engagement in the early 1930s, the arguments used to denounce it and to defend it, its different manifestations, and finally its effects on the socio-political actuality of the world. Originally published in 1979. The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These paperback editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905. (shrink)
The Metaphysics of Evolution: Naqshbandis in the Ottoman World, 1450-1700.David L. Hull -1989 - State University of New York Press.detailsExtreme variation in the meaning of the term “species” throughout the history of biology has often frustrated attempts of historians, philosophers and biologists to communicate with one another about the transition in biological thinking from the static species concept to the modern notion of evolving species. The most important change which has underlain all the other fluctuations in the meaning of the word “species” is the change from it denoting such metaphysical entities as essences, Forms or Natures to denoting classes (...) of individual organisms. Several authors have taken notice of the role of metaphysics in the work of particular biologists. An attempt will be made in this paper to present a systematic investigation of the role which metaphysics has played in the work of representative biologists throughout the history of biology, especially as it relates to their species concepts. (shrink)