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Results for 'Daniela Cristiane Ota'

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  1.  3
    O Rádio AM em Mato Grosso do Sul: um estudo cartográfico das emissoras que vão migrar para FM.Helder Samuel dos Santos Lima &DanielaCristiane Ota -2019 -Logos: Comuniação e Univerisdade 25 (2):115-134.
    Com qualidade de som inferior, as emissoras AMs chegaram ao século XXI sem novidades que fossem capazes de torná-las atrativas para novos ouvintes. Desde 2013, com a autorização da migração, estas emissoras apostam no formato de Frequência Modulada para recuperar audiência. Em Mato Grosso do Sul, cerca de 90% das emissoras vão migrar para FM. Diante da relevância da temática, propusemos um mapeamento das emissoras sul-mato-grossenses nesta etapa de transição com o objetivo de identificar os fatores que levaram a migrar, (...) as expectativas comerciais, e o que está sendo pensado em termos de programação. Para responder tais questionamentos, optamos por realizar estudo de caso múltiplo nas Rádios Difusora de Aquidauana, Corumbá, Três Lagoas e Campo Grande. Abordamos também a Rádio Caçula de Três Lagoas por ser uma das pioneiras a migrar no estado. (shrink)
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  2.  25
    Validation of the Revised Olweus Bully/Victim Questionnaire (OBVQ-R) Among Adolescents in Chile.Jorge Gaete,Daniela Valenzuela,María Inés Godoy,Cristian A. Rojas-Barahona,Christina Salmivalli &Ricardo Araya -2021 -Frontiers in Psychology 12.
    Bullying is a phenomenon that affects children and adolescents worldwide, and it has major consequences for all participants involved in these situations. In Chile, researchers have validated several instruments used to investigate aggression between peers and school violence, but there is a lack of validation of instruments to investigate bullying. The purpose of this study was to provide evidence of the validity and reliability of the Olweus Bully/Victim Questionnaire—Revised version in the Chilean context. The participants were 2,775 students from schools (...) of low, medium, and high socioeconomic status. OBVQ-R is a self-report questionnaire with 42 items, which has been used in different countries, and has adequate psychometric properties to assess the prevalence of victimization and aggression and various forms of bullying worldwide. Results confirmed the two-factor structure of the OBVQ-R and good reliability. These dimensions seem to be correlated. Comparison between OBVQ-R with the School Violence between Peers Questionnaire and the Internet Experiences Questionnaire showed some degree of agreement. The Item Response Theory analysis showed that the item about verbal bullying, in both subscales, had the lowest-severity parameters, meaning that these forms of bullying were the most prevalent. The higher-severity parameter in the victimization scale was the cyberbullying item, and the sexual bullying item showed higher severity in the perpetration subscale. The differential item functioning analysis by gender showed a trend in which boys responded with lower-severity parameters than girls. In the victimization scale, the exception was the item about spreading rumors, and in the perpetration subscale, it was the item about racial bullying. We have provided evidence of the validation of OBVQ-R among school-age children and adolescents in Chile. This study is part of a trial registered at ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT02898324. (shrink)
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  3.  41
    Neuropsychological Assessment of Older Adults With Virtual Reality: Association of Age, Schooling, and General Cognitive Status.Camila R. Oliveira,Brandel J. P. Lopes Filho,Cristiane S. Esteves,Tainá Rossi,Daniela S. Nunes,Margarida M. B. M. P. Lima,Tatiana Q. Irigaray &Irani I. L. Argimon -2018 -Frontiers in Psychology 9:355603.
    The development of neuropsychological assessment methods using virtual reality (VR) is a valid and promising option for the detection of cognitive impairment in the older people, focusing on activities composed of tasks of multiple demands. This study verified the association of age, schooling, and general cognitive status on the performance of neurologically healthy older adults in ECO-VR, a virtual reality task of multiple demands for neuropsychological assessment. A total of 111 older adults answered a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Mini Mental State (...) Examination, the Vocabulary subtest of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Adults (third edition), and the ECO-VR. Correlation analyses, multiple linear regression, and comparisons between groups (effects by age and schooling groups) were used to evaluate the results. The ECO-VR total score was significantly associated with age, years of education, MMSE, and Vocabulary subtest. The linear regression models identified that age was the main predictor for total score and rule breaking of ECO-VR. According to the univariate analysis, it was identified the main effect of age group and schooling group in the total ECO-VR score, but there was no interaction effect. The results are discussed in order to understand the role of sociodemographic characteristics in the performance of older adults in a virtual reality task of multiple demands. It was also verified the possibility use of virtual reality for neuropsychological assessment of older adults. (shrink)
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  4.  54
    Substance Use among Adolescents Involved in Bullying: A Cross-Sectional Multilevel Study.Jorge Gaete,Bernardita Tornero,Daniela Valenzuela,Cristian A. Rojas-Barahona,Christina Salmivalli,Eduardo Valenzuela &Ricardo Araya -2017 -Frontiers in Psychology 8.
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  5.  19
    Sport in Society as a Binder in Social Communication of Human's Emotions.Ion Popescu-Bradiceni,CameliaDaniela Plastoi,Ilie Mihai,Liviu Mihăilescu,Ioana Buțu,George Cristian Cătuna &Simona Teodorescu -2021 -Postmodern Openings 12 (3):121-133.
    Society is the ensemble/the whole of the relations with the others, it is their form based on the natural needs : the perpetuation of the species, the playful expression, the language, the thinking, the communication, the inter-subjectivity report. In the evolution of psychology of human development, sport contributes to the improvement of the body in relation to the environment; of the cognitive, moral development of language, that of complex skills, sensory integrations, games with body schematics, which mobilize self-awareness and structure (...) through learning and experience. Thus, social and communication behaviours generate a mutually advantageous social repertoire. (shrink)
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  6.  87
    Companion to Heidegger’s Contributions to Philosophy. [REVIEW]Cristina Ionescu,Mãdãlina Diaconu,Janko Lozar,Victor Popescu,Viorel Nita,Stefan Nicolae &Cristian Ciocan -2003 -Studia Phaenomenologica 3 (1):277-307.
    Charles E. SCOTT, Susan M. SCHOENBOHM,Daniela VALLEGA-NEU, Alejandro VALLEGA, Companion to Heidegger’s Contributions to Philosophy, IndianaUniversity Press, Bloomington & Indianapolis, 2001 ; Gernot BÖHME, Aisthetik. Vorlesungen über Ästhetik als allgemeine Wahrnehmungslehre, Wilhelm Fink Verlag, München, 2001 ; Dean KOMEL, Osnutja k Filozofski in Kulturni Hermenevtiki [Outlines to Philosophical and Cultural Hermeneutics], Nova revija, Ljubljana, 2001 ; Marc RICHIR, L’institution de l’idéalité. Des schématismes phénoménologiques, Association pour la promotion de la Phénoménologie, Paris, 2002 ; Fred EVANS & Leonard LAWLOR, (...) Chiasms. Merleau-Ponty's Notion of Flesh, State University of New York Press, 2000 ; Udo TIETZ, Ontologie und Dialektik. Heidegger und Adorno über das Sein, das Nichtidentische, die Synthesis und die Kopula, Passagen Verlag, Wien, 2003 ; Etienne FERON, Phénoménologie de la mort. Sur les traces de Levinas, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, Boston, London, 1999. (shrink)
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  7.  48
    Scientific Models in Philosophy of Science.Daniela M. Bailer-Jones -2009 - University of Pittsburgh Press.
    Scientists have used models for hundreds of years as a means of describing phenomena and as a basis for further analogy. In Scientific Models in Philosophy of Science,Daniela Bailer-Jones assembles an original and comprehensive philosophical analysis of how models have been used and interpreted in both historical and contemporary contexts. Bailer-Jones delineates the many forms models can take (ranging from equations to animals; from physical objects to theoretical constructs), and how they are put to use. She examines early (...) mechanical models employed by nineteenth-century physicists such as Kelvin and Maxwell, describes their roots in the mathematical principles of Newton and others, and compares them to contemporary mechanistic approaches. Bailer-Jones then views the use of analogy in the late nineteenth century as a means of understanding models and to link different branches of science. She reveals how analogies can also be models themselves, or can help to create them. The first half of the twentieth century saw little mention of models in the literature of logical empiricism. Focusing primarily on theory, logical empiricists believed that models were of temporary importance, flawed, and awaiting correction. The later contesting of logical empiricism, particularly the hypothetico-deductive account of theories, by philosophers such as Mary Hesse, sparked a renewed interest in the importance of models during the 1950s that continues to this day. Bailer-Jones analyzes subsequent propositions of: models as metaphors; Kuhn's concept of a paradigm; the Semantic View of theories; and the case study approaches of Cartwright and Morrison, among others. She then engages current debates on topics such as phenomena versus data, the distinctions between models and theories, the concepts of representation and realism, and the discerning of falsities in models. (shrink)
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  8.  16
    O Pensamento de Ada Kroef Como Potência Para o Ensino de Filosofia.Cristiane Maria Marinho &Antônio Alex Pereira de Sousa -2023 -Revista Dialectus 29 (29):104-122.
    Este artigo apresenta a potência do pensamento da filósofa e professora Ada Kroef para o ensino de Filosofia e a Educação. Para tanto, abordaremos os livros Currículo-nômade: sobrevoos de bruxas e travessias de piratas Inspirada pela Filosofia da Diferença (2018) e Escola como polo cultural: contornos mutantes em fronteiras fixas (2017). Nessas obras, a autora questiona teorias e práticas conservadoras do ensino e da educação de forma geral, propondo a criação de novas práticas e posicionamentos teóricos. A estrutura desse artigo (...) se desenvolve em dois tópicos. O primeiro, A Escola na Filosofia, pensa essa instituição a partir das noções de currículo-nômade e currículo-programa. O segundo, A Filosofia na Escola, pondera sobre o fazer dos professores de Filosofia nas diversas funções que podem ocupar na escola e em políticas públicas educacionais e também sobre a prática docente de Ada Kroef como professora no curso de Filosofia da UFC nas disciplinas de estágio supervisionado, onde cria estratégias pedagógicas diferenciadas na experiência do Sábado Filosófico. (shrink)
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  9.  25
    A criança com restrição verbal e o conceito de intercompreensão e multimodalidade na clínica da linguagem: um estudo de caso.Cristiane Alves Silva &Ana Paula Santana -2024 -Bakhtiniana 19 (2):e62685p.
    ABSTRACT This article aims to analyze the process of mutual understanding from the perspective of Discursive Neurolinguistics. As a methodology, a case study was carried out on a child with a linguistic profile of verbal restriction, which concerns the dimension of utterances involving words and their morphology. Data interpretation was based on the Bakhtinian perspective, which addresses ‘understanding’ as an active-responsive process and meaning as emerging from the relationship between utterances. The results showed that the interlocutors’ common ground allowed the (...) joint construction of meaning even in the face of verbal restrictions, and aspects such as nonverbal elements and the recognition of the child’s active-responsive role also favored mutual understanding. As a conclusion, the attention to different multimodal resources as legitimate modes of expression allows children with verbal restrictions to fulfill the role of “speakers” regardless of their modes of expression. (shrink)
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  10.  24
    DOSSIÊ MICHEL FOUCAULT: o pensamento de Michel Foucault em nosso tempo de agora.Cristiane Maria Marinho,Dorgival Gonçalves Fernandes,Elias Ferreira Veras &Eduardo F. Chagas -2017 -Revista Dialectus 11.
    O que somos? Como nos tornamos o que somos? Quais relações de saber-poder atravessam nossas subjetividades? Quais dispositivos e tecnologías foram/são mobilizados em torno das urgências histórico-contemporâneas? Quais outros somos são possíveis diante das estratégias de governamentalidade disciplinares e biopolíticas que marcam a contemporaneidade? O pensamento de Michel Foucault e seu modo crítico de indagação histórica e filosófica possibilitam que interpelemos os processos que nos fizeram e nos fazem ser quem somos, seus mecanismos de assujeitamento e posibilidades de resistências, nos (...) levando a problematizar os processos de subjetivação como efeitos e indicios de relações de poder-saber historicamente constituídas [...]. (shrink)
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  11.  15
    Pulsão e Instinto Em Suas Aproximações: Um Debate Ainda Atual.Cristiane Daniel -2024 -Kínesis - Revista de Estudos Dos Pós-Graduandos Em Filosofia 15 (39):342-359.
    Este trabalho parte da discussão sobre as diferentes traduções do termo alemão Trieb para evidenciar as relações entre o conceito de pulsão, originário da psicanálise, e o conceito de instinto, da psiquiatria. Para isso, aborda momentos da construção teórica do conceito de pulsão de Freud no primeiro dualismo pulsional e o trabalho de Foucault, quando tratou do instinto, destacando nessas construções o atributo de força e a teoria do apoio na psicanálise. A noção de força estava presente como integrante da (...) constituição desses dois conceitos em questão. Já a teoria do apoio evidencia a ligação da pulsão, desde sua origem, às funções corporais. Como o instinto, a pulsão tem uma relação importante com o corpo biológico, embora não se restrinja ao mesmo. Por fim, esta discussão teórica nos remete a pensar na posição da psicanálise na atualidade, particularmente em sua relação com a biologia e as neurociências. (shrink)
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  12.  604
    Making Sense of Vicarious Responsibility: Moral Philosophy Meets Legal Theory.Daniela Glavaničová &Matteo Pascucci -2024 -Erkenntnis 89:107-128.
    Vicarious responsibility is a notoriously puzzling notion in normative reasoning. In this article we will explore two fundamental issues, which we will call the “explication problem” and the “justification problem”. The former issue concerns how vicarious responsibility can plausibly be defined in terms of other normative concepts. The latter issue concerns how ascriptions of vicarious responsibility can be justified. We will address these two problems by combining ideas taken from legal theory and moral philosophy. Our analysis will emphasise the importance (...) of the voluntary involvement of the normative parties considered liable in a relation with other normative parties who causally contributed to a prohibited state-of-affairs. (shrink)
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  13.  355
    Two Kinds of Curiosity.Daniela Dover -2023 -Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 108 (3):811-832.
    Leading philosophical models of curiosity represent it as a desiderative attitude whose content is a question, and which is satisfied by knowledge of the answer to that question. I argue that these models do not capture the distinctive character of a form of curiosity that I call 'erotic curiosity'. Erotic curiosity addresses itself not to a question but to an object whose significance for the inquirer is affective as well as epistemic. This form of curiosity is best understood by analogy (...) to erotic love as theorized by Plato in the Symposium. (shrink)
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  14.  549
    The Conversational Self.Daniela Dover -2022 -Mind 131 (521):193-230.
    This paper explores a distinctive form of social interaction—interpersonal inquiry—in which two or more people attempt to understand one another by engaging in conversation. Like many modes of inquiry into human beings, interpersonal inquiry partly shapes its own objects. How we conduct it thus affects who we become. I present an ethical ideal of conversation to which, I argue, at least some of our interpersonal inquiry ought to aspire. I then consider how this ideal might influence philosophical conceptions of the (...) self. (shrink)
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  15.  437
    The Walk and the Talk.Daniela Dover -2019 -Philosophical Review 128 (4):387-422.
    It is widely believed that we ought not to criticize others for wrongs that we ourselves have committed. The author draws out and challenges some of the background assumptions about the practice of criticism that underlie our attraction to this claim, such as the tendency to think of criticism either as a social sanction or as a didactic intervention. The author goes on to offer a taxonomy of cases in which the moral legitimacy of criticism is challenged on the grounds (...) that the critic him- or herself engages in the behavior that he or she criticizes in others. The author argues that, in each type of case, the would-be critics should not constrain their participation in moral discourse on the grounds that they are not themselves innocent of the wrongdoing they criticize in others. (shrink)
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  16.  12
    Repensando o Niilismo e Seus Reflexos Na Educação.SilmaraCristiane Pinto -2016 -Revista Sul-Americana de Filosofia E Educação 25:224-235.
    Este artigo apresenta um panorama geral acerca do conceito de niilismo no contexto literário e intelectual europeu do século XIX que, inclusive, o consolidou como um dos problemas teóricos mais fundamentais da modernidade. Com base no pensamento de um grande expoente da filosofia alemã, Friedrich Nietzsche, pretende-se explorar a noção de niilismo, tendo vista seus desdobramentos na contemporaneidade, especialmente no contexto da educação.
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  17.  571
    Nothing if not family? Genetic ties beyond the parent/child dyad.Daniela Cutas -2023 -Bioethics (8):763-770.
    Internationally, there is considerable inconsistency in the recognition and regulation of children's genetic connections outside the family. In the context of gamete and embryo donation, challenges for regulation seem endless. In this paper, I review some of the paths that have been taken to manage children' being closely genetically related to people outside their families. I do so against the background of recognising the importance of children's interests as moral status holders. I look at recent qualitative research involving donor-conceived people (...) and borrow their own words to make sense of a purported interest to know (of) their close genetic ties. I also review ways in which gamete donation may have facilitated new kinds of kinship, which are at the same time genetic and chosen. In short, in this paper, I explore what meaning there could be in genetic connections that is not about parenthood. Further, I argue that the focus on parenthood in previous work in this area may be detrimental to appreciating some of the goods that can be derived from close genetic connections. (shrink)
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  18.  113
    Simondon on the notion of the problem: A genetic schema of individuation.Daniela Voss -2018 -Angelaki 23 (2):94-112.
    In his main doctoral thesis, Individuation in the Light of the Notions of Form and Information, Simondon offers a genetic theory of individuation that takes into account the individuation of physical, biological, psychic and social systems. While he takes his main paradigm for the explanation of individuating processes from physical science and transfers the notions derived from it to other domains, he is careful not to reduce the regime of the living to the non-living. The notion of the problem plays (...) a crucial role in this regard: the essential characteristic of life is its ability to solve problems through acts of invention. The living being is nothing but the perpetual resolution of problems. In his 1966 review, Gilles Deleuze recognises the “tremendous importance” of Simondon’s notion of the problem. However, in his own work Deleuze develops the concept in a very different way. This paper will examine Simondon’s use of the notion of the problem within his theory of individuation and point to its divergence from Deleuze’s. (shrink)
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  19.  43
    Free choice permission, legitimization and relating semantics.Daniela Glavaničová,Tomasz Jarmużek,Mateusz Klonowski &Piotr Kulicki -forthcoming -Logic Journal of the IGPL.
    In this paper, we apply relating semantics to the widely discussed problem of free choice between permitted actions or situations in normative systems. Leaving aside contexts in which the free choice principle is obviously unacceptable or uncontroversially valid, we concentrate on free choice for explicit permissions. In order to construct a formal representation of explicit permissions, we introduce a special constant, $\texttt {permit}$, which is analogous to the constant $\texttt {violation}$ used in the Andersonian–Kangerian approach to deontic logic with respect (...) to prohibition and obligation. Consequently, we define a permission operator on the basis of the $\texttt {permit}$ constant and a relation of legitimization. The general idea is that $P \varphi $ is true if and only if $\texttt {permit}$ is true, which means that a permission is actually issued and $\varphi $ is legitimized by $\texttt {permit}$. The intuitive notion of legitimization is formally represented by an operator of relating implication: a non-classical implication that is semantically defined by adding a constraint to the classical meaning of implication to the effect that arguments are related by a special relation. The properties of this relation are based on an informal, intuitive meaning of legitimization and determine the properties of the permission operator. We show that the resulting permission operator possesses the free choice property and avoids certain unwanted consequences that follow from alternative approaches. (shrink)
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  20.  358
    Keeping it in the family: reproduction beyond genetic parenthood.Daniela Cutas &Anna Smajdor -2024 -Journal of Medical Ethics (2):111-114.
    Recent decades have seen the facilitation of unconventional or even extraordinary reproductive endeavours. Sperm has been harvested from dying or deceased men at the request of their wives; reproductive tissue has been surgically removed from children at the request of their parents; deceased adults’ frozen embryos have been claimed by their parents, in order to create grandchildren; wombs have been transplanted from mothers to their daughters. What is needed for requests to be honoured by healthcare staff is that they align (...) with widely shared expectations about what people’s reproductive potential ought to be, what marital relationships ought to result in, and which kinds of ties are desirable between parents and children. Costly and invasive technologies are not considered excessive when they are used to support the building of appropriate families. However, deviations from dominant reproductive norms, even if technologically simple and convenient to the participants, are unlikely to receive support. In this paper, we offer examples of such deviations and explore their implications. If reproduction is important as a way of creating genetic relationships, should reproductive material in storage be offered to genetic relatives other than the people from whom it originated? And if parents are allowed to have reproductive material collected from their offspring, or even to use it to create babies, should offspring likewise be allowed to use their parents’ reproductive material? We tackle these questions and suggest ways in which interests in genetic ties could be operationalised in a more coherent and less-invasive manner than they currently are. (shrink)
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  21.  77
    On the pure logic of justified belief.Daniela Schuster &Leon Horsten -2022 -Synthese 200 (5):1-21.
    Justified belief is a core concept in epistemology and there has been an increasing interest in its logic over the last years. While many logical investigations consider justified belief as an operator, in this paper, we propose a logic for justified belief in which the relevant notion is treated as a predicate instead. Although this gives rise to the possibility of liar-like paradoxes, a predicate treatment allows for a rich and highly expressive framework, which lives up to the universal ambitions (...) of investigating epistemological concepts. We start with a base theory for justified belief, and then systematically present putative additional axioms for justified belief. We provide an overview of consistency results when the additional principles are added to the base theory, and discuss their philosophical plausibility. (shrink)
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  22.  256
    Criticism as Conversation.Daniela Dover -2019 -Philosophical Perspectives 33 (1):26-61.
  23.  45
    The fixed points of belief and knowledge.Daniela Schuster -forthcoming -Logic Journal of the IGPL.
    Self-referential sentences have troubled our understanding of language for centuries. The most famous self-referential sentence is probably the Liar, a sentence that says of itself that it is false. The Liar Paradox has encouraged many philosophers to establish theories of truth that manage to give a proper account of the truth predicate in a formal language. Kripke’s Fixed Point Theory from 1975 is one famous example of such a formal theory of truth that aims at giving a plausible notion of (...) truth by allowing truth value gaps. However, not only the concept of truth gives rise to paradoxes. A syntactical treatment of epistemic notions like belief and knowledge leads to contradictions that very much resemble the Liar Paradox. Therefore, it seems to be fruitful to apply the established theories of truth to epistemic concepts. In this paper, I will present one such attempt of solving the epistemic paradoxes: I adapt Kripke’s Fixed Point Theory and interpret truth, knowledge and belief within the framework of a partial logic. Thereby I find not only the fixed point of truth but also the fixed points of knowledge and belief. In this fixed point, the predicates of truth, belief and knowledge find their definite interpretation and the paradoxes are avoided. (shrink)
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  24.  603
    In it Together? An Exploration of the Moral Duties of Co‐parents.Daniela Cutas &Sabine Hohl -2021 -Journal of Applied Philosophy 38 (5):809-823.
    Even though co‐parenthood is one of the most significant close personal relationships that people can have, there is relatively little philosophical work on the moral duties that co‐parents owe each other. This may be due to the increasingly questionable assumption, still common in our societies, that co‐parenthood arises naturally from marriage or romantic coupledom and thus that commitment to a co‐parent evolves from a commitment to a marital or romantic partner. In this article, we argue that co‐parenthood should be seen (...) as a relationship in its own right, which generates specific moral duties. Co‐parents should come to explicit agreements with each other regarding the most important areas of potential conflict between them. Such agreements may have to be renegotiated over time. We explore some possible non‐negotiable co‐parental duties such as the duties not to alienate the child from the other parent(s) and not to trap a co‐parent in a particularly vulnerable situation. We consider some legal and societal implications of our argument and, finally, suggest some pragmatic benefits of our proposal. (shrink)
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  25.  51
    The Problem of Method: Deleuze and Simondon.Daniela Voss -2020 -Deleuze and Guattari Studies 14 (1):87-108.
    This paper examines the relationship between Simondon's theory of individuation and Deleuze's transcendental empiricism. Deleuze credits Simondon with inventing a new conception of the transcendental – a claim that might have taken Simondon by surprise, as this term does not play any significant role in his oeuvre. The aim of this paper is to show both that Simondon's philosophy contributed to the construction of Deleuze's transcendental philosophy in an essential way and that the nature of his own project is radically (...) different from Deleuze's. The most important divergence between the two thinkers lies arguably in their respective methods. What this difference brings to the fore is Deleuze's adherence to the philosophical traditions of idealism and structuralism at this stage of his thought. (shrink)
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  26.  25
    A Possible Diagnostic of the State of Health of Ethics Management in the Hospitals in Romania an Exploratory Study.Vladimir Poroch &Daniela Tatiana Agheorghiesei -2018 -Postmodern Openings 9 (2):225-253.
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  27.  76
    On triparenting. Is having three committed parents better than having only two?Daniela Cutas -2011 -Journal of Medical Ethics 37 (12):735-738.
    Although research indicates that single parenting is not by itself worse for children than their being brought up by both their parents, there are reasons why it is better for children to have more than one committed parent. If having two committed parents is better, everything else being equal, than having just one, I argue that it might be even better for children to have three committed parents. There might, in addition, be further reasons why allowing triparenting would benefit children (...) and adults, at least in some cases. Whether or not triparenting is on the whole preferable to bi- or monoparenting, it does have certain advantages (as well as shortcomings) which, at the very least, warrant its inclusion in debates over the sorts of family structures we should allow in our societies, and how many people should be accepted in them. This paper has the modest aim of scratching the surface of this wider topic by challenging the necessity of the max-two-parents framework. (shrink)
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  28.  191
    Identity and influence.Daniela Dover -2023 -Synthese 202 (5):1-24.
    How worried should we be about how impressionable we are—how susceptible we are to being influenced and even transformed by our encounters with one another? Some moral philosophers think we should be quite worried indeed: they hold that interpersonal influence is an especially morally dangerous way to change. It calls for additional moral scrutiny as compared with vectors of change that come from within the influencee’s own psyche—their antecedent values, desires, commitments, and so forth—just because it has an external source. (...) I argue that this heightened scrutiny of exogenous sources of change is unwarranted. Dramatic psychic changes do call for reflection and critical scrutiny, especially when they are sudden. But this scrutiny need not be concerned with the procedural issue of whether the impetus for the change came from inside or outside the changing person’s antecedent psychology. We can just evaluate the substantive changes themselves. (shrink)
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  29.  126
    Families – Beyond the Nuclear Ideal.Daniela Cutas &Sarah Chan -2012 - Bloomsbury Academic.
    This book examines, through a multi-disciplinary lens, the possibilities offered by relationships and family forms that challenge the nuclear family ideal, and some of the arguments that recommend or disqualify these as legitimate units in our societies. That children should be conceived naturally, born to and raised by their two young, heterosexual, married to each other, genetic parents; that this relationship between parents is also the ideal relationship between romantic or sexual partners; and that romance and sexual intimacy ought to (...) be at the core of our closest personal relationships - all these elements converge towards the ideal of the nuclear family. The authors consider a range of relationship and family structures that depart from this ideal: polyamory and polygamy, single and polyparenting, parenting by gay and lesbian couples, as well as families created through current and prospective modes of assisted human reproduction such as surrogate motherhood, donor insemination, and reproductive cloning. (shrink)
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  30.  43
    Matematização da natureza, mundo da vida e crise da razão em Husserl.ScheilaCristiane Thomé -2022 -Philósophos - Revista de Filosofia 26 (2).
    The main objective of this article is to explain the subjective-relative aspect as being the essential constituent of the structure of the lifeworld in the Husserl’s work Crisis of the European Sciences and Transcendental Phenomenology. To this end, it will be analyzed, in a first moment, what consist the crisis of European sciences diagnosed by Husserl and how the process of mathematization of nature took place, which configures the objectivist scientific orientation. Finally, it will be possible to analyze the subjective-relative (...) structure of the lifeworld understood as the soil of immediate intuition experience. (shrink)
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  31.  161
    Sci-Fi Parenthood and the End of Love.Daniela Cutas -2025 -Journal of Social Philosophy.
    In this article, I explore concerns that have been raised regarding the relation between love and uptake of reproductive technologies, embryo selection and enhancement. Objections to (certain) uses of these technologies in terms of fractures in love, either parental or between partners, come from a variety of directions, from the conservative to the liberal. I examine two claims: (1) that the separation of procreation from sex and intimacy is a threat to love, and (2) that intervention on the traits of (...) one’s future offspring betrays inadequate parental love. I will place these concerns in a broader context of (a) technologically facilitated threats to – or aids towards maintaining – love and (b) irreversible changes to parent-child relationships that arise at the moment a prospective parent acts on the choice to select or shape the essence of their future child. (shrink)
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  32.  40
    Sodomitas “de cor” e inquisição portuguesa: perseguições aos nefandos no novo mundo durante o século XVII.Cristiane Batista Da Silva Santos &Daniana Oliveira Bispo -2017 -Odeere 1 (2).
    Com este breve artigo, prendemos fazer um estudo sobre os Sodomitas “de cor” perseguidos pela Inquisição Portuguesa na Bahia do século XVII. Inicialmente, faz-se uma reflexão sobre a Sodomia, delito contra a fé católica, crime que estava sob a alçada do Tribunal do Santo Ofício e que fora praticado pelos negros escravizados e a partir dos documentos inquisitoriais, discorremos sobre a trajetória dos desviantes: o cativo lisboeta Jeronimo Soares, que fora acusado de sodomita e “alcoviteiro” e o mulato ator cômico (...) Bugio, denunciado por praticar sodomia, por fim, procuramos evidenciar as andanças, força, formas de repressão utilizadas contra esses sodomitas no contexto baiano, assim com a influência da religião – Igreja Católica – e as ferramentas de controle utilizadas para “convencer” a sociedade colonial a seguir o caminho correto da fé e da moral. As fontes utilizadas são os registros de depoimentos dos “hereges” e das testemunhas, produzidas pelo Santo Ofício, localizadas no Arquivo Nacional da Torre do Tombo : Sumário de culpa nº 12257 e Caderno do Promotor nº 29. Palavras-chave: Escravidão, Sodomia, Inquisição, Brasil Colônia. (shrink)
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  33.  69
    La percezione mediante l’immaginazione.Daniela De Leo -2012 -Chiasmi International 14:383-400.
    La perception à travers l’imaginationDans le présent travail, je mets en relation les lectures de Wittgensteil et de Gadamer avec les manuscrits de Merleau-Ponty avec l’intention de traverser la construction du « concept de représentation » et de réfléchir sur les questions suivantes : quel lieu occupe la dimension esthétique dans l’expérience humaine? Dans l’expérience esthétique, faut-il retrouver autant le profil émotionnel que le profil cognitif? Le point de départ est que l’esthétique ne doit pas être comprise comme une simple (...) perception par les sens; ce qu’aucun discours sur l’esthétique ne peut occulter est sa nécessaire implication de l’horizon problématique de la perception, à partir de l’étymologie même du terme, dérivé du grec aisthesis.Un tel terme porte en lui autant le champ subjectif instable des sensation que le champ stable et tendanciellement structuré des discriminations perceptives.L’affirmation théorique est que l’expérience de la rencontre d’une oeuvre d’art dévoile un monde et à peine cessons-nous de voir une oeuvre d’art comme objet pour la voir comme un monde que nous nous rendons compte que l’art se révèle être l’expédient pour clarifier le sens de notre rapport perceptif avec le monde, cette syntonie perceptive entre l’essence du monde et le sentir des sujets, cette processualité expressive dans laquelle activité et passivité sont les horizons, qu’on peut certes distinguer dans la description, mais qui coopèrent à l’intérieur d’elle-même.Perception Through ImaginationIn the present work, I bring the lectures of Wittgenstein and Gadamer into contact with the manuscripts of Merleau-Ponty with the intention of going over the construction of the “concept of representation” and of reflecting on the following questions: what place does the aesthetic dimension occupy in human experience? In aesthetic experience, is just as necessary to recognize the emotional profile as the cognitive profile? The point of the departure is that aesthetics must not be understood as a simple perception by the senses. That which no discourse of aesthetics may conceal is its necessary implication of the problematic horizon of perception, following the actual etymology of the term, derived from the Greek aisthēsis.This term contains just as much the subjective and unstable field of sensation as it does the stable field of perceptual discriminations that tend to be structured. The theoretical affirmation is that the experience of the encounter with a work of art unveils a world. No sooner do we stop seeing the work of art as an object and start seeing as a world, then we realize that art reveals itself to be the expedient that clarifies the meaning of our perceptual relationship with the world, this perceptual syntony between the essence of the world and the sensing of subjects, this expressive processuality in which activity and passivity are horizons that can certainly be distinguished in description, but that cooperate internally. (shrink)
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  34.  28
    Os Troncos Velhos Pataxó de Cumuruxatiba em palavras.Cristiane Maria De Oliveira - Jandaia Pataxó &Paulo de Tássio Borges Da Silva -2018 -Odeere 3 (5):175.
    O relato é resultado da reflexão dos conhecimentos produzidos interculturalmente no percurso do Curso de Magistério Indígena, Nível Médio da Secretaria de Educação do Estado da Bahia. Foi elaborado a partir das práticas pedagógicas desenvolvidas na Escola Estadual Kijetxawê Zabelê, no município de Prado/BA; das vivências nos projetos das comunidades Pataxó em Cumuruxatiba/Kaí e nas trocas realizadas com meus colegas e professores, especialmente, com os saberes dos Troncos Velhos das Aldeias de Cumuruxatiba.
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  35.  48
    Da necessidade de interrogar O pensamento: Gestos sobre a inf'ncia no tempo escolar.Luciana Pacheco Marques,Cristiane Elvira de Assis Oliveira &Núbia Schaper Santos -2018 -Childhood and Philosophy 14 (30):341-362.
    We present in this article a discussion about gestures produced from the childhood entry in the interface with the experience of school time. It is a discussion woven inside the center for studies and research in education in particular, the times group of the faculty of education of the federal university of Juiz de Fora/MG. Throughout history, time has been discussed in various ways and still is, as well as childhood, conceptually constructed as a result of social, political, religious, and (...) cultural influences. In the attempt to "start thinking", we ask ourselves about what theoretical formulations have been based on childhood at the interface with school time in the field of education? We defend the central thesis that childhood, in a western cut, has been presented in productions still as social time. It is a recent movement to consider childhood as an event, experience, as opposed to the idea of childhood as the stage of life. As a result, considering infancy related to the tension between social time and time as intensity of the present, implies the need for pedagogical gestures that think this tension and, thus, consider the children of the current, narrowing their relations with the school, with knowledge and with life. To enlighten the issues sewn from our concerns, we chose authors such as Agamben, Leal, Bakhtin/Volochinov, Kohan, Vieira, Bento and Meneghel, Kramer, Borba, who focused on childhood and education. In order to problematize the time category, we dialogued with St. Augustine, Oliveira, Marques C. and Marques L, Skliar. The reading of our interlocutors and our listening with/to the school could subsidize the thought that we can invent ways not only imagined as possible with the perspective of reflecting time, childhood, experience and school on other bases. The interrogation, not the conviction, enables the sense of knowledge in the materiality of our practices, produced inside/outside the university. These are underprivileged subjects in curriculum matrices and disciplines that address the issue of children, their childhoods and temporalities. (shrink)
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  36.  32
    “Um vivo demônio capaz de sugerir as maiores desordens”: mulheres bem e mal procedidas em pecados no sul da capitania da Bahia.Cristiane Batista Da Silva Santos -2019 -Odeere 4 (7):68.
    Pagando por suas alforrias, batizando seus filhos, enterrando seus mortos. Além do trabalhado pesado ainda havia espaço para afetividade, vida sexual, desejos e vontades das mulheres que viviam no sul da capitania. E não faltavam acusações de sodomias, feitiçarias, seduções, bigamias. Este texto é fruto de um projeto de pesquisa em andamento que perscruta mulheres africanas no sul da Bahia e desdobra-se em duas partes de suas vidas no período colonial e imperial, tomando-as não só como objetos de pesquisa, mas (...) dando-lhes a condição de serem narradas como protagonistas apoiadas em vastas e inéditas fontes. Este artigo optou por trazê-las no período colonial. Quanto ao período aludido sobressaiu-se nas fontes dois aspectos: as pecadoras denunciadas estavam relacionadas ou às práticas de feitiçaria ou à vida sexual e afetiva destoante do que preconizava as leis cristãs, sobretudo nos Cadernos do Promotor. As fontes utilizadas foram os Cadernos do Promotor, as Correspondências trocadas entre autoridades e uma memória descritiva sobre ser mulher, ser africana e ser escravizada ou forra em diferentes discursos. Palavras-chave: Africanas, Cadernos do Promotor, Pecados. (shrink)
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  37. Etica relației dintre copii, părinți și stat.Daniela Cutas -2021 - In Alexandru Volacu, Daniela Cutas & Adrian Miroiu,Alegeri morale. Teme actuale de etică aplicată. Polirom.
    Care este statutul moral al copiilor? Ce înseamnă egalitatea morală dintre copii şi adulți? Care sunt constrângerile pe care le impune acceptarea acestei egalități în ceea ce priveşte felul în care pot fi tratați copiii în familie sau în societate ? Cine are ce fel de responsabilitate pentru copii ? În capitolul de față voi discuta astfel de întrebări. Voi analiza relația dintre copii, părinți şi stat, în dimensiunea ei practică (felul în care ne raportăm la copii), din punct de (...) vedere legal (constrângerile legale asupra felului în care ne raportăm la copii) şi din punct de vedere moral (cum ar trebui să ne raportăm la copii). Voi începe cu o scurtă incursiune în istoria relațiilor dintre copii, părinți, şi stat, atât din punct de vedere legal, cât şi filosofic. Voi prezenta conceptul de statut moral şi ideea de egalitate morală între copii şi adulți. Voi ilustra schimbările sociale şi legislative în ce priveşte acceptarea statutului moral al copiilor şi a egalității morale între copii şi adulți, folosind exemple din România şi Suedia. Voi examina dinamica dintre aspirațiile legale şi morale la care aderă România în ce priveşte statutul moral al copiilor şi normele sociale despre copii, copilărie, şi familie, care nu sunt întotdeauna în acord cu aceste aspirații. Voi urmări apoi schimbările care au avut loc în ultimele decenii în ce priveşte limitele responsabilității parentale. (shrink)
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  38.  113
    Implementing Responsible Business Behavior from a Strategic Management Perspective: Developing a Framework for Austrian SMEs.Daniela Ortiz Avram &Sven Kühne -2008 -Journal of Business Ethics 82 (2):463-475.
    This paper contributes to a growing body of literature analyzing the social responsibilities of SMEs (Sarbutts, 2003, Journal of Communication Management 7(4), 340-347; Castka et al., 2004, Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management 11, 140-149; Enderle, 2004, Business Ethics: A European Review 14(1), 51-63; Fuller and Tian, 2006, Journal of Business Ethics 67, 287-304; Jenkins, 2006, Journal of Business Ethics 67, 241-256; Lepoutre and Heene, 2006, Journal of Business Ethics 67, 257-273; Roberts, 2003, Journal of Business Ethics 44(2), 159-170; Williamson (...) et al., 2006, Journal of Business Ethics 67, 317-330) by designing a conceptual framework based on the Strategic Management Theory, which links social issues to the creation of sustained competitive advantages for SMEs. Firstly, the paper reviews literature on corporate social responsibility (CSR) and especially on the creation of social capital for SMEs. An exploration of Strategic Management Theory follows, focusing on the Positioning and Competence Based Schools, with the objective to find an answer to the question: how do social and environmental issues fit in the logic of creation of competitive advantage and what role do they play during strategic planning? The contributions of Hart (natural resourced based view) and Porter and Kramer (development of strategic intent in social responsible actions) are then related to the framework of possible growth paths of SMEs (Hong and Jeong, 2006, Journal of Enterprise Information Management 19(3), 292-302) in order to answer this question. Strategies that could trigger or lever these growth paths are then discussed. Following the recommendation Thompson and Smith (1991, Journal of Small Business Management 29(1), 30-44) gave to focus on the "study of CSR behaviors instead of perceptions," a medium-sized Austrian company in the food producing industry has been identified for an exploratory case study analysis to test the applicability of this theoretical framework for the description of the actual responsible business behavior (RBB) of an SME. This company is typical of one of the 250.000 SMEs which account for 99.6% of the Austrian economy. Based on the findings and the discussion, this paper presents a strategic planning tool for SMEs aiming to embed RBB into the corporate strategy. (shrink)
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  39.  39
    Disparate Politics: Balibar and Simondon.Daniela Voss -2018 -Australasian Philosophical Review 2 (1):47-53.
    At the beginning of his essay ‘Philosophies of the Transindividual: Spinoza, Marx, Freud’, Balibar [2018] hints at some reasons why he will not be dealing with Simondon, despite agreeing with the latter’s program of going beyond ‘the metaphysics of the subject and of substance’ and towards an ‘ontology of relations’. In what follows I would like to outline Simondon’s concept of transindividuality and spell out more clearly why Balibar cannot follow Simondon’s trajectory. At the same time, I suggest a number (...) of socio-political approaches that a specifically Simondonian concept of transindividuality opens up. (shrink)
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  40.  53
    Concept synthesis of dignity in care for elderly facility residents.Nanako Hasegawa &Katsumasa Ota -2019 -Nursing Ethics 26 (7-8):2016-2034.
    Background: Protecting the dignity of elderly residents of facilities and providing dignified care can be difficult. Although attempts have been made from several aspects, dignity is considered an area in which less real impact has been made in both theory and practice. Objective: The objective of this study is to characterize the concept of dignity in care for elderly subjects in residential facilities from a practical perspective through concept synthesis. Research design: This study includes in-depth interviews with residents of elderly (...) facilities and a literature review. Participants and research context: A total of 12 residents of seven facilities in three prefectures in Japan were recruited via purposive sampling, and 27 interviews were conducted. Each digitally recorded interview was transcribed verbatim. The interview data were analyzed based on hermeneutic phenomenological research. The literature was searched using PubMed, CINAHL, and Web of Science with combinations of terms such as dignity, elderly, and residential facilities and then selected according to the predefined inclusion criteria. The descriptions about dignity in the included studies were divided into codes and compared with the results of the interviews. Ethical considerations: This study was approved by the institutional review board of Nagoya University’s Graduate School of Medicine. Findings and discussion: There were 1728 data codes for the interviews from which four themes were generated. In the literature review, 3716 titles were searched, and 28 articles were selected. Combining these results, five following themes and a conceptual matrix were obtained: individual dignity not affected by others; dignified care in a narrow sense; elements of the staff side; dignity in relation to family members, friends, society, and other residents; and dignity in relation to nursing care facilities and the nursing care system. Conclusion: According to the established matrix, we must consider the role of the care system, facility, family, and society in providing care with dignity and the individual dignity to residents and dignity in daily care. (shrink)
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  41. The idea of the earth in Günderrode, Schelling, and Hegel.Karen Ng &Daniela Katharina Helbig -2023 - In Kristin Gjesdal,The Oxford handbook of nineteenth-century women philosophers in the German tradition. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
  42.  541
    Forms and Norms of Indecision in Argumentation Theory.Daniela Schuster -2021 -Deontic Logic and Normative Systems, 15th International Conference, DEON 2020/2021.
    One main goal of argumentation theory is to evaluate arguments and to determine whether they should be accepted or rejected. When there is no clear answer, a third option, being undecided, has to be taken into account. Indecision is often not considered explicitly, but rather taken to be a collection of all unclear or troubling cases. However, current philosophy makes a strong point for taking indecision itself to be a proper object of consideration. This paper aims at revealing parallels between (...) the findings concerning indecision in philosophy and the treatment of indecision in argumentation theory. By investigating what philosophical forms and norms of indecision are involved in argumentation theory, we can improve our understanding of the different uncertain evidential situations in argumentation theory. (shrink)
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  43.  46
    Preserving children’s fertility: two tales about children’s right to an open future and the margins of parental obligations.Daniela Cutas &Kristien Hens -2015 -Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy 18 (2):253-260.
    The sources, extent and margins of parental obligations in taking decisions regarding their children’s medical care are subjects of ongoing debates. Balancing children’s immediate welfare with keeping their future open is a delicate task. In this paper, we briefly present two examples of situations in which parents may be confronted with the choice of whether to authorise or demand non-therapeutic interventions on their children for the purpose of fertility preservation. The first example is that of children facing cancer treatment, and (...) the second of children with Klinefelter syndrome. We argue that, whereas decisions of whether to preserve fertility may be prima facie within the limits of parental discretion, the right to an open future does not straightforwardly put parents under an obligation to take actions that would detect or relieve future infertility in their children—and indeed in some cases taking such actions is problematic. (shrink)
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  44.  55
    Readiness of ethics review systems for a changing public health landscape in the WHO African Region.Marion Motari,Martin Okechukwu Ota &Joses Muthuri Kirigia -2015 -BMC Medical Ethics 16 (1):1-9.
    BackgroundThe increasing emphasis on research, development and innovation for health in providing solutions to the high burden of diseases in the African Region has warranted a proliferation of studies including clinical trials. This changing public health landscape requires that countries develop adequate ethics review capacities to protect and minimize risks to study participants. Therefore, this study assessed the readiness of national ethics committees to respond to challenges posed by a globalized biomedical research system which is constantly challenged by new public (...) health threats, rapid scientific and technological advancements affecting biomedical research and development, delivery and manufacture of vaccines and therapies, and health technology transfer.MethodsThis is a descriptive study, which used a questionnaire structured to elicit information on the existence of relevant national legal frameworks, mechanisms for ethical review; as well as capacity requirements for national ethics committees. The questionnaire was available in English and French and was sent to 41 of the then 46 Member States of the WHO African Region, excluding the five Lusophone Member States. Information was gathered from senior officials in ministries of health, who by virtue of their offices were considered to have expert knowledge of research ethics review systems in their respective countries.ResultsThirty three of the 41 countries responded. Thirty of respondent countries had a national ethics review committee ; 79 % of which were established by law. Twenty-five NECs had secretarial and administrative support. Over 50 % of countries with NECs indicated a need for capacity strengthening through periodic training on international guidelines for health research ethics; and allocation of funds for administrative and secretariat support.ConclusionsDespite the existing training initiatives, the Region still experiences a shortage of professionals trained in health research ethics/ethicists. Committees continue to face various capacity needs especially for evaluating clinical trials, for monitoring ongoing research, database management and for accrediting institutional ethics committees. Given the growing number of clinical trials involving human participants in the African Region, there is urgent need for supporting countries without NECs to establish them; capacity strengthening where they exist; and creation of a regional network and joint ethical review mechanisms, whose membership would be open to all NECs of the Region. (shrink)
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  45.  575
    ‘Duped Fathers’, ‘Cuckoo Children’, and the Problem of Basing Fatherhood on Biology: A Philosophical Analysis.Daniela Cutas &Anna Smajdor -2020 - In Daniela Cutas & Anna Smajdor,Assistierte Reproduktion mit Hilfe Dritter. Medizin - Ethik - Psychologie - Recht. Berlin, Heidelberg:
    Who is a child’s father? Is it the man who raised her, or the one whose genes she carries—or both? We look at the view that men who have raised children they falsely believed to be ‘their own’ have been victims of a form of fraud or are ‘false fathers’. We consider the question of who has been harmed in such cases, and in what the harm consists. We use conceptual analysis, a philosophical method of investigating the use of a (...) concept and the logical implications of its various interpretations. We devise and discuss a number of possible scenarios in which a couple (arguably) become the parents of a child. We use these scenarios to illustrate the tenuousness of the claim that we can simply rely on biology to clarify parent-child relationships. We also discuss some of the underpinnings and implications of the language in which the debate on ‘paternity fraud’ has been framed: ‘duped’ or ‘false’ fathers and ‘cuckoo children’. (shrink)
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  46.  72
    Sex differences in event-related potentials and attentional biases to emotional facial stimuli.Daniela M. Pfabigan,Elisabeth Lamplmayr-Kragl,Nina M. Pintzinger,Uta Sailer &Ulrich S. Tran -2014 -Frontiers in Psychology 5.
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  47.  33
    Underfifty Women and Breast Cancer: Narrative Markers of Meaning-Making in Traumatic Experience.Maria Luisa Martino,Daniela Lemmo,Anna Gargiulo,Daniela Barberio,Valentina Abate,Franca Avino &Raffaele Tortoriello -2019 -Frontiers in Psychology 10.
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  48.  41
    Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation in Post-stroke Chronic Aphasia: The Impact of Baseline Severity and Task Specificity in a Pilot Sample.Catherine Norise,Daniela Sacchetti &Roy Hamilton -2017 -Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 11.
  49. Modelling of Adaptive Learning Scenario in e-Learning Environments.Georgi Tuparov &Daniela Tuparova -2009 -Communication and Cognition. Monographies 42 (1-2):19-34.
     
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  50.  57
    Bodily Being and Indifference.Daniela Vallega-Neu -2012 -Epoché: A Journal for the History of Philosophy 17 (1):111-122.
    This essay engages Scott’s Living with Indifference by inquiring how we may understand experiences of indifference as occurring in our bodily being. It brings together Heidegger’s notion of being-there (Da-sein) and Merleau-Ponty’s accounts of world and body as flesh. With respect to Merleau-Ponty, the discussion highlights his thought of a “dehiscence” of body and world, which opens the idea of a hollow in the flesh that “echoes” indifferent dimensions accompanying the happening of things and events. The essay concludes with the (...) insight that we can be attuned to indifference because we carry indifference with us in our bodies. (shrink)
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