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  1. Globalizing Democracy and Human Rights.Carol C. Gould -2004 - Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
    In her 2004 book Carol Gould addresses the fundamental issue of democratizing globalization, that is to say of finding ways to open transnational institutions and communities to democratic participation by those widely affected by their decisions. The book develops a framework for expanding participation in crossborder decisions, arguing for a broader understanding of human rights and introducing a new role for the ideas of care and solidarity at a distance. Reinterpreting the idea of universality to accommodate a multiplicity of cultural (...) perspectives, the author takes up a number of applied issues, including the persistence of racism, cultural rights, women's human rights, the democratic management of firms, the use of the Internet to enhance political participation, and the importance of empathy and genuine democracy in understanding terrorism and responding to it. Accessibly written with a minimum of technical jargon this is a major contribution to political philosophy. (shrink)
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  2.  225
    Rethinking Democracy:Freedom and Social Co-operation in Politics, Economy, and Society.Carol C. Gould -1988 - Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
    In this book, Carol Gould offers a fundamental reconsideration of the theory of democracy, arguing that democratic decision-making should apply not only to politics but also to economic and social life. Professor Gould redefines traditional concepts of freedom and social equality, and proposes a principle of Equal Positive Freedom in which individual freedom and social co-operation are seen to be compatible. Reformulating basic conceptions of property, authority, economic justice and human rights, the author suggests a number of ways in which (...) these principles could be realised in social institutions. She also discusses such issues as democratic control of technology, the nature of democratic personality, and the question of democracy in international relations. (shrink)
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  3.  143
    Transnational solidarities.Carol C. Gould -2007 -Journal of Social Philosophy 38 (1):148–164.
  4.  24
    (1 other version)Rethinking Democracy.Carol C. Gould -1991 -Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 51 (2):444-448.
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  5.  99
    Marx’s Social Ontology: Individuality and Community in Marx’s Theory of Social Reality.Carol C. Gould -1978 - MIT Press.
    Here is the first book to present Karl Marx as one of the great systematic philosophers, a man who went beyond the traditional bounds of the discipline to work out a philosophical system in terms of a concrete social theory and politico-economic critique. Basing her work on the Grundrisse (probably Marx's most systematic work and only translated into English for the first time in 1973), Gould argues that Marx was engaged in a single enterprise throughout his works, specifically the construction (...) of a systematic and philosophical theory of society. Gould examines five basic themes of Marx's social ontology: society, labor, causality, freedom, and justice, in five separate chapters, preceded by an introductory chapter explicating thesis and methods. The book shows how Marx's ontology, or theory of social reality, may be reconstructed from concrete details of his account of the historical stages of social development and from his analyses and critiques of capitalist economy. It clarifies further the value theory underlying Marx's critique of modern society and explores the question of how philosophy can play a major role in understanding and resolving social issues. This book will be of interest to all students of society, since it raises issues of the relationship of technologies to society and of the forms and prospects for socialism as a possible future society. It has deliberately been written in a style that makes the difficult, technical issues accessible to undergraduates just beginning to read Marx, as well as, of course, graduate students of social theory and specialized scholars. The lay reader will also be drawn to the particular content of this book and will enjoy the lucid, straightforward presentation. Marx's Social Ontology proposes a solution to a long-standing problem in interpretations of Marx: the apparent dilemma of his insistence on the ideal of full self-realization of the individual and his equal insistence on the ideal of full self-realization of the community. This is a book of major significance dealing with topics of enduring and current interest. (shrink)
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  6.  70
    Solidarity and the problem of structural injustice in healthcare.Carol C. Gould -2018 -Bioethics 32 (9):541-552.
    The concept of solidarity has recently come to prominence in the healthcare literature, addressing the motivation for taking seriously the shared vulnerabilities and medical needs of compatriots and for acting to help them meet these needs. In a recent book, Prainsack and Buyx take solidarity as a commitment to bear costs to assist others regarded as similar, with implications for governing health databases, personalized medicine, and organ donation. More broadly, solidarity has been understood normatively to call for ‘standing with’ or (...) assisting fellow community members and possibly also distant others in regard to their needs, whether for its own sake or in order to realize the demands of justice. I argue here that the understanding of solidarity in the existing bioethics literature is unduly restricted by not sufficiently theorizing the notion of structural (or systemic) injustice and its import for understanding solidarity. Extending traditional conceptions of labor and social movement solidarity, I contrast unitary solidarity within a given group with ‘networking solidarities’ across groups. I analyze the meaning of structural injustice and its significance for solidarity, including countering institutionally entrenched inequalities and economic exploitation. I then apply this broadened conception to healthcare, discussing structural problems with the U.S. insurance system and the solidarity movements addressing its deficiencies. I analyze some natural disasters and global health challenges that were aggravated by structural injustices, along with the solidarity movements they engendered. Finally, I revisit the questions of governing health databases and of personalized medicine with the enlarged conception of solidarity in view. (shrink)
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  7.  21
    Interactive Democracy: The Social Roots of Global Justice.Carol C. Gould -2014 - New York: Cambridge University Press.
    How can we confront the problems of diminished democracy, pervasive economic inequality, and persistent global poverty? Is it possible to fulfill the dual aims of deepening democratic participation and achieving economic justice, not only locally but also globally? Carol C. Gould proposes an integrative and interactive approach to the core values of democracy, justice, and human rights, looking beyond traditional politics to the social conditions that would enable us to realize these aims. Her innovative philosophical framework sheds new light on (...) social movements across borders, the prospects for empathy and solidarity with distant others, and the problem of gender inequalities in diverse cultures, and also considers new ways in which democratic deliberation can be enhanced by online networking and extended to the institutions of global governance. Her book will be of great interest to scholars and upper-level students of political philosophy, global justice, social and political science, and gender studies. (shrink)
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  8.  75
    Validating and calibrating first-and second-person methods in the science of consciousness.T. Froese,C. Gould &A. K. Seth -2011 -Journal of Consciousness Studies 18 (2):38.
  9.  43
    How Democracy Can Inform Consent: Cases of the Internet and Bioethics.Carol C. Gould -2019 -Journal of Applied Philosophy 36 (2):173-191.
    Traditional conceptions of informed consent seem difficult or even impossible to apply to new technologies like biobanks, big data, or GMOs, where vast numbers of people are potentially affected, and where consequences and risks are indeterminate or even unforeseeable. Likewise, the principle has come under strain with the appropriation and monetisation of personal information on digital platforms. Over time, it has largely been reduced to bare assent to formalistic legal agreements. To address the current ineffectiveness of the norm of informed (...) consent, I suggest that we need a notion of structural injustice (on a distinctive interpretation, elaborated here, which takes account of unequal power and property relations). I then argue that in order to protect and enhance people's freedom, we have to go beyond traditional applied ethics and introduce perspectives from democratic theory and social philosophy. I attempt to show how applications of the ‘all‐affected principle’, together with new forms of democratic participation, deliberation, and representation can helpfully frame the narrower principle of informed consent. There is an important role for what we could call collective consent, and informed consent can only succeed in increasing individual agency if it is situated within enhanced forms of democratic decision‐making. (shrink)
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  10. The Animal Mind.J. L. Gould &C. G. Gould -1994 - Scientific American Library.
  11. The Woman Question: Philosophy of Liberation and the Liberation of Philosophy.Carol C. Gould -1973 -Philosophical Forum 5 (1):5.
     
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  12.  81
    Re-Viewing from Within: A Commentary on First- and Second-Person Methods in the Science of Consciousness.T. Froese,C. Gould &A. Barrett -2011 -Constructivist Foundations 6 (2):254-269.
    Context: There is a growing recognition in consciousness science of the need for rigorous methods for obtaining accurate and detailed phenomenological reports of lived experience, i.e., descriptions of experience provided by the subject living them in the “first-person.” Problem: At the moment although introspection and debriefing interviews are sometimes used to guide the design of scientific studies of the mind, explicit description and evaluation of these methods and their results rarely appear in formal scientific discourse. Method: The recent publication of (...) an edited book of papers dedicated to the exploration of first-and second-person methods, Ten Years of Viewing from Within: The Legacy of Francisco Varela, serves as a starting point for a discussion of how these methods could be integrated into the growing discipline of consciousness science. We complement a brief review of the book with a critical analysis of the major pilot studies in Varela’s neurophenomenology, a research program that was explicitly devised to integrate disciplined experiential methods with the latest advances in neuroscience. Results: The book is a valuable resource for those who are interested in impressive recent advances in first- and second-person methods, as applied to the phenomenology of lived experience. However, our review of the neurophenomenology literature concludes that there is as yet no convincing example of these specialized techniques being used in combination with standard behavioral and neuroscientific approaches in consciousness science to produce results that could not have also been achieved by simpler methods of introspective reporting. Implications: The end of behaviorism and the acceptance of verbal reports of conscious experience have already enabled the beginning of a science of consciousness. It can only be of benefit if new first- and second-person methods become well-known across disciplines. Constructivist content: Constructivism has long been interested in the role of the observer in the constitution of our sense of reality, so these developments in the science of consciousness may open new avenues of constructivist research. More specifically, one of the ways in which the insights from first- and second-person methods are being validated is by recursively applying the methods to themselves; a practical application of an epistemological move that will be familiar to constructivists from the second-order cybernetics tradition. (shrink)
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  13.  70
    Self-determination beyond sovereignty: Relating transnational democracy to local autonomy.Carol C. Gould -2006 -Journal of Social Philosophy 37 (1):44–60.
  14. (1 other version)Marx’s Social Ontology: Individuality and Community in Marx’s Theory of Social Reality.Carol C. Gould -1978 -Studies in Soviet Thought 22 (4):306-308.
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  15.  161
    (1 other version)Structuring global democracy: Political communities, universal human rights, and transnational representation.Carol C. Gould -2009 -Metaphilosophy 40 (1):24-41.
    Abstract: The emergence of cross-border communities and transnational associations requires new ways of thinking about the norms involved in democracy in a globalized world. Given the significance of human rights fulfillment, including social and economic rights, I argue here for giving weight to the claims of political communities while also recognizing the need for input by distant others into the decisions of global governance institutions that affect them. I develop two criteria for addressing the scope of democratization in transnational contexts— (...) common activities and impact on basic human rights —and argue for their compatibility. I then consider some practical implications for institutional transformation and design, including new forms of transnational representation. (shrink)
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  16.  52
    How animal agriculture stakeholders define, perceive, and are impacted by antimicrobial resistance: challenging the Wellcome Trust’s Reframing Resistance principles.Gabriel K. Innes,Agnes Markos,Kathryn R. Dalton,Caitlin A. Gould,Keeve E. Nachman,Jessica Fanzo,Anne Barnhill,Shannon Frattaroli &Meghan F. Davis -2021 -Agriculture and Human Values 38 (4):893-909.
    Humans, animals, and the environment face a universal crisis: antimicrobial resistance. Addressing AR and its multi-disciplinary causes across many sectors including in human and veterinary medicine remains underdeveloped. One barrier to AR efforts is an inconsistent process to incorporate the plenitude of stakeholders about what AR is and how to stifle its development and spread—especially stakeholders from the animal agriculture sector, one of the largest purchasers of antimicrobial drugs. In 2019, The Wellcome Trust released Reframing Resistance: How to communicate about (...) antimicrobial resistance effectively, which proposed the need to establish a consistent and harmonized messaging effort that describes the AR crisis and its global implications for health and wellbeing across all stakeholders. Yet, Reframing Resistance does not specifically engage the animal agriculture community. This study investigates the gap between two principles recommended by Reframing Resistance and animal agriculture stakeholders. For this analysis, the research group conducted 31 semi-structured interviews with a diverse group of United States animal agriculture stakeholders. Participants reported attitudes, beliefs, and practices about a variety of issues, including how they defined AR and what entities the AR crisis impacts most. Exploration of Reframing Resistance’s Principle 2, “explain the fundamentals succinctly” and Principle 3, “emphasis that this is universal issue; it can affect anyone, including you” reveals disagreement in both the fundamentals of AR and consensus of “who” the AR crisis impacts. Principle 2 may do better to acknowledge that animal agriculture stakeholders espouse a complex array of perspectives that cannot be summed up in a single perspective or principle. As a primary tool to combat AR, behavior change must be accomplished first through outreach to stakeholder groups and understanding their perspectives. (shrink)
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  17.  107
    Coercion, care, and corporations: Omissions and commissions in Thomas Pogge's political philosophy.Carol C. Gould -2007 -Journal of Global Ethics 3 (3):381 – 393.
    This article argues that Thomas Pogge's important theory of global justice does not adequately appreciate the relation between interactional and institutional accounts of human rights, along with the important normative role of care and solidarity in the context of globalization. It also suggests that more attention needs to be given critically to the actions of global corporations and positively to introducing democratic accountability into the institutions of global governance. The article goes on to present an alternative approach to global justice (...) based on a more robust conception of human rights grounded in a conception of equal positive freedom, in which these rights are seen to apply beyond the coercive political institutions to which Pogge primarily confines them (e.g. to prohibiting domestic violence), and in which they can guide the development of economic, social and political forms to enable their fulfillment. (shrink)
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  18. Varieties of Global Responsibility: Social Connection, Human Rights, and Transnational Solidarity.Carol C. Gould -2009 - In Ann Ferguson & Mechtild Nagel,Dancing with Iris: The Philosophy of Iris Marion Young. New York: Oup Usa.
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  19.  63
    Protecting Democracy by Extending It: Democratic Management Reconsidered.Carol C. Gould -2019 -Journal of Social Philosophy 50 (4):513-535.
    Journal of Social Philosophy, EarlyView.
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  20.  20
    Beyond Domination: New Perspectives on Women and Philosophy.Carol C. Gould (ed.) -1984 - Rowman & Littlefield.
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  21.  131
    The essential role of improvisation in musical performance.Carol S. Gould &Kenneth Keaton -2000 -Journal of Aesthetics and Art Criticism 58 (2):143-148.
  22.  97
    A Puzzle about the Possibility of Aristotelian enkrateia.Carol Gould -1994 -Phronesis 39 (2):174-186.
  23. The insect mind: Physics or metaphysics?J. L. Gould &C. G. Gould -1982 - In Donald R. Griffin,Animal Mind -- Human Mind. Springer Verlag.
  24.  36
    Socializing the Means of Free Development.Carol C. Gould -2020 -Philosophical Topics 48 (2):81-103.
    This paper investigates the import for a conception of democratic socialism of Marx’s well-known principle “From each according to their abilities, to each according to their needs,” arguing that it is best taken together with another of his principles: “The free development of each is the condition for the free development of all.” It considers their implications for the near term rather than some possible ultimate form of communal society, and also brings in a principle that I have developed previously—equal (...) positive freedom—which in some ways synthesizes the other two. In analyzing the abilities and needs principle, the notion and extent of needs are explicated, seeing them as including not only material needs, but needs for recognition and for relationships. Marx’s crucial insight that distribution largely depends on the organization of the production process also comes into play. On these bases, the paper proposes that a system of democratically managed firms forms the centerpiece for democratic socialism, supplemented by some other institutions that would work to meet basic needs. The paper also proposes a role for the norms of reciprocity and solidarity, in addition to those of freedom and equality that are most evident in the three principles. Finally, the relative inattention to social reproduction in the early Marxist tradition is addressed with an interpretation of the notion of socializing care and a consideration of its import for institutional design, including cooperative ways of providing such care. Throughout, Marx’s distinctive notions of social individuality, socialized wealth, and the free development of individuals are appealed to for the guidance they can provide for interpreting the abilities/needs principle for the period ahead. (shrink)
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  25.  84
    An extended case study on the phenomenology of sequence-space synesthesia.Cassandra Gould,Tom Froese,Adam B. Barrett,Jamie Ward &Anil K. Seth -2014 -Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 8.
  26. Marx's Social Ontology.Carol Gould -1980 -Human Studies 3 (3):291-301.
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  27.  56
    Introduction.Carol C. Gould &Sally J. Scholz -2007 -Journal of Social Philosophy 38 (1):3–6.
  28.  44
    Introduction.Carol C. Gould &Alistair M. Macleod -2006 -Journal of Social Philosophy 37 (1):1–5.
  29.  53
    Where Is the Structure in Structural Injustice?Carol C. Gould -2024 -Social Theory and Practice 50 (3):431-457.
    This article argues that prevailing accounts of structural injustice, which focus on the way our replication of social practices has unjust consequences for individuals, tend to be insufficiently attentive to the differential power relations within the institutions that structure these practices. For economic exploitation, a structural account would instead locate domination in the operation of the system itself, and would distinguish it from the general constraint characteristic of all social practices as given or inherited. The argument further suggests limits to (...) unitary group agency approaches to corporations, and proposes construing them as artifacts as much as agents, while corporate responsibility would need to better track the division of power between top managers and workers within firms. (shrink)
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  30. A social ontology of human rights.Carol C. Gould -2015 - In Rowan Cruft, S. Matthew Liao & Massimo Renzo,Philosophical Foundations of Human Rights. Oxford, United Kingdom: Oxford University Press UK.
     
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  31.  115
    Socratic Intellectualism and the Problem of Courage: An Interpretation of Plato's Laches.Carol S. Gould -1987 -History of Philosophy Quarterly 4 (3):265 - 279.
  32.  95
    Recognitionin Redistribution: Care and Diversity in Global Justice.Carol C. Gould -2008 -Southern Journal of Philosophy 46 (S1):91-103.
  33.  84
    Constructivism and Practice: Toward a Historical Epistemology.Carol C. Gould -2002 - Rowman & Littlefield Publishers.
    Over the past several decades, philosophers have grown to recognize the role played by frameworks and models in the construction of human knowledge. Further, they have paid increasing attention to the origins of knowing processes in social and historical contexts of human practical activities, and to social transformation of the frameworks over time. In a series of original essays by prominent philosophers, Constructivism and Practice advances the understanding of the role of construction and model creation, reflects on the relationship of (...) these models to social practices, and considers whether our modes of knowing themselves have a history. These questions are thoughtfully considered in the light of the 'historical epistemology' first developed by Marx Wartofsky. Contributions by Joseph Margolis; Tom Rockmore; Lisa Dolling; Jaakko Hintikka; Anton Alterman; Stephen Toulmin; Michel Paty; John Stachel; Gregg Horowitz; Michael Kelly; Tom Huhn; Barbara Savedoff; Saul Fisher; Sybil Schwarzenbach; John Pittman; Raphael Sassower; and MaryAnn Cutter. (shrink)
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  34. Approaching Global Justice through Human Rights: Elements of Theory and Practice.Carol C. Gould -2005 -The Journal of Ethics 9:55-79.
  35.  47
    Does Stakeholder Theory Require Democratic Management?Carol C. Gould -2002 -Business and Professional Ethics Journal 21 (1):3-20.
  36.  660
    Contemporary legal conceptions of property and their implications for democracy.Carol Gould -1980 -Journal of Philosophy 77 (11):716-729.
  37.  56
    Editor's Note.Carol C. Gould -2007 -Journal of Social Philosophy 38 (1):1-2.
  38.  28
    Morality and Social Justice: Point/counterpoint.James P. Sterba,Alison M. Jaggar,Carol C. Gould,Robert C. Solomon,Tibor R. Machan,William Galston &Milton Fisk -1995 - Rowman & Littlefield.
    These original essays by seven leading contemporary political philosophers spanning the political spectrum explore the possibility of achieving agreement in political theory. Each philosopher defends in a principal essay his or her own view of social justice and also comments on two or more of the other essays. The result is a lively exchange that leaves the reader to judge to what degree the contributors achieve agreement or reconciliation.
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  39.  99
    The reality of aesthetic properties: A response to Goldman.Carol S. Gould -1994 -Journal of Aesthetics and Art Criticism 52 (3):349-351.
  40.  147
    Clive Bell on aesthetic experience and aesthetic truth.Carol S. Gould -1994 -British Journal of Aesthetics 34 (2):124-133.
  41.  115
    Glamour as an aesthetic property of persons.Carol S. Gould -2005 -Journal of Aesthetics and Art Criticism 63 (3):237–247.
  42.  180
    Do Cosmopolitan Ethics and Cosmopolitan Democracy Imply Each Other?Carol C. Gould -2010 - In Stan van Hooft & Wim Vandekerckhove,Questioning Cosmopolitanism. Springer. pp. 153--166.
  43.  120
    Why the histrionic personality disorder should not be in theDSM: A new taxonomic and moral analysis.Carol Steinberg Gould -2011 -International Journal of Feminist Approaches to Bioethics 4 (1):26-40.
    In this article, I argue for a reconsideration of the taxonomy of the Histrionic Personality Disorder (HPD). First, HPD does not carry the negative ethical implications of the other Cluster Bs, which are Anti-Social (ASPD), Borderline (BPD), and Narcissistic (NPD). Using Aristotelian notions of character as a heuristic device, I argue that ontologically HPD is not a personality disorder, but instead a cultural disorder, a result of attitudes toward traditionally feminine styles of interaction. This explains the confusion in the research (...) between HPD and hysteria and also the curious paucity of literature on HPD itself in contrast to the other Cluster Bs. (shrink)
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  44.  28
    LBT, Socratic Intellectualism, and Self-Knowledge.Carol Gould -2022 -International Journal of Philosophical Practice 8 (1):45-52.
    This paper offers a genealogy of the ancient predecessors of Logic-Based Therapy. While LBT has an apparent affinity with Stoicism, I argue that LBT has a tripartite foundation in Socratic Rational Inquiry, Platonic philosophical psychology, and Aristotelean ethics. Secondly, I argue that LBT could help a client attain self-knowledge and “moral proprioception.” Given that LBT involves an examination of one’s belief system and a recognition of the subconscious faulty premises, it may implement a new, more adaptive understanding. By targeting self-defeating (...) habits of interpreting the world, LBT can give clients a new self-understanding that enables them to interact with others and avoid unfortunate life choices and ways of interacting with significant others. I offer a hypothetical case from fiction pointing to the way LBT could transform the character’s life. LBT may enrich other therapeutic modalities, such as psychoanalysis or psychiatry, but it achieves different goals. (shrink)
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  45. Philosophical Practice, volume 2.3, Biographies of Contributors.Barbara Bertagni,Carol Gould,Pierre Grimes,Amy Sabatini Hannon,Joseph Manago,William O'Chee,Bernard Roy,Fernando Salvetti &Jim Tuedio -2006 -Philosophical Practice 2 (3).
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  46.  54
    Cross-Examining Socrates: A Defense of the Interlocutors in Plato's Early Dialogues (review).Carol S. Gould -2001 -Philosophy and Literature 25 (1):166-169.
    In lieu of an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:Philosophy and Literature 25.1 (2001) 166-169 [Access article in PDF] Book Review Cross-Examining Socrates: A Defense of the Interlocutors in Plato's Early Dialogues Cross-Examining Socrates: A Defense of the Interlocutors in Plato's Early Dialogues, by John Beversluis; xii & 416 pp. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000, $69.95. This book is more than a cross-examination of Socrates: it is a carefully wrought indictment. Beversluis, unlike Socrates' historical adversaries Anytus and (...) Meletus, brings philosophically serious charges against Socrates by offering a rigorous defense of the interlocutors in Plato's early dialogues, the so-called Socratic dialogues. In so doing, he charts new territory in the vast area of recent analytic scholarship on Plato.According to traditional readings, Socrates deploys his elenchus to defeat his interlocutors, leaving them "either to retreat in anger or to submit to his power." Allegedly, Plato, guided by his Socratic intellectualism, draws them as distinctive, complex characters, though intellectually and thus ethically flawed. Beversluis argues against this standard view, providing sympathetic reassessment of Socrates' interlocutors. Although some previous scholars have defended some of the interlocutors, Beversluis widens the scope of the argument, leveling a scathing attack on Socratic intellectualism and its correlative method of moral education.He deals not only with Socrates' interlocutors and their logical defeats, but also with the idea of an interlocutor, and in so doing casts light on the philosophical dialogue as a genre. This emerges in the first and perhaps most original chapter, entitled "The Socratic Interlocutor," which may be of value to readers interested in philosophical writing or the philosophy of literature more generally. Here he illuminates Plato's use of the interlocutor, in part, by contrasting it with that of other philosophers who wrote in dialogue form, such as Augustine, Anselm, Hume, and Berkeley. The Socratic interlocutors are not, he says, "embodiments of error." Socrates, unlike the protagonists drawn by these other authors, does not subject them to his scrutiny in order to make them accept his beliefs, but rather to reject theirs. Beversluis claims that Plato's portrayal expresses his Socratic belief in the good life as one of bewilderment and uncertainty, a view, Beversluis rightly says, Plato will come to repudiate in his middle dialogues. Beversluis is clearly aware of the disparity between the [End Page 166] discomfort Socrates visits on his interlocutors and that which he is willing to endure himself.While many interpreters forgive Socrates' lapses of logic, Beversluis is unsparing. There is no reason, he thinks, to judge Socrates' arguments by any other criterion than their logical merits, and he therefore rejects the idea that Socrates' most fallacious arguments are valuable for psychological illumination. He also rejects Vlastos's view that only those of Socrates' arguments that are offered "seriously" should be criticized seriously. If they appear to be logical arguments, Beversluis contends, they must be assessed on their logical merits, not their rhetorical or therapeutic virtues. Some might find this approach rather arid until they see that Beversluis is warning the reader not to be dazzled by Socrates as the interlocutors are.It is widely believed that the aim of Socratic elenchus is to uncover the structure of a person's beliefs and to show that it is either internally inconsistent or at best unreflectively constructed. Beversluis's account, however, portrays Socrates as a Svengali who makes people assent to claims they would not otherwise accept. If this is right, Socrates is not actually elucidating the interlocutor's real beliefs. Beversluis challenges the notion of sincere assent, both as an interpretative guide to the early dialogues and as an epistemic concept. He points out that sincere belief is not simply an occurrent interior state accompanying, and indicated by, a verbal act of assent; rather, it emerges from the totality of a person's lived character, from the relation between word and act.Some readers will object to his axiom that a character in a literary work, and thus in a Platonic dialogue, has a life subject to scrutiny outside of the literary work. In his brief... (shrink)
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  47.  40
    Freedom and women.Carol C. Gould -1984 -Journal of Social Philosophy 15 (3):20-34.
  48. Democracy in a Global World: Human Rights and Political Participation in the 21st Century.David A. Crocker,Carol C. Gould,James Nickel,David Reidy,Martha C. Nussbaum,Andrew Oldenquist,Kok-Chor Tan,William McBride &Frank Cunningham (eds.) -2007 - Rowman & Littlefield Publishers.
    The chapters in this volume deal with timely issues regarding democracy in theory and in practice in today's globalized world. Authored by leading political philosophers of our time, they appear here for the first time. The essays challenge and defend assumptions about the role of democracy as a viable political and legal institution in response to globalization, keeping in focus the role of rights at the normative foundations of democracy in a pluralistic world.
     
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  49.  35
    Acknowledgements.Carol C. Gould -2006 -Journal of Social Philosophy 37 (4):v–ix.
    The Editor-in-Chief would like to thank the following colleagues who have helped maintain ….
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  50.  48
    Action, Creation and the Concept of Community.Carol C. Gould -1979 -Dialectics and Humanism 6 (3):53-59.
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