Results for 'B. J. S.'
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- Federaties en federalisme : Een raamwerk voor theorie en onderzoek.B. J. S. Hoetjes -1978 -Res Publica 20 (4):561-594.From a global historical viewpoint, federal systems are the exception rather than the rule, even though examples of federalism can already be found in Greek antiquity. From the 17th century onwards there was a revival of federalism, but in the post-World War II-era of decolonization federal systems did not emerge as the most popular form of government.Still, there is considerable variation among federal systems, i.e. those political systems where governmental authority is constitutionally divided among a central «federal» government and «state» (...) governments in such a way, that each type of government has final decision-making authority in at least a few policy fields ; a federation may be either effective or formal, unitary or decentralized, symmetrical or asymmetrical. In order to explain the extent and the kind of federalism in specific cases, the formallegal structure, the socio-economic environment and the political behaviour of elites as well as citizens should be taken into account. Political behaviour should be taken as the key factor, without disregard, however, for its relationship to social factors and format structures. In order to assess their relative importance, comparative research is required; Western Europe and the Third World offer highly promising prospects for this type of research. On the research agenda of federalism, special attention should be given to topics like the informal federal arrangements in cabinet formation, policy-making and public administration, federal party polities, and the impact of public policies on the federal socio-economic environment. (shrink)
- Isotopic spin selection rules X: The 7.18 MeV state of20Ne.B. J. Toppel,S. D. Bloom &D. H. Wilkinson -1957 -Philosophical Magazine 2 (13):61-62.
- Mean-field approximations for the electronic states in disordered alloys.J. S. Faulkner,S. Pella,A. Rusanu,Y. Puzyrev,Th Leventouri,G. M. Stocks &B. Ujfalussy -2006 -Philosophical Magazine 86 (17-18):2661-2671.No categories
- Developing aluminum-based bulk metallic glasses.B. J. Yang,J. H. Yao,Y. S. Chao,J. Q. Wang &E. Ma -2010 -Philosophical Magazine 90 (23):3215-3231.No categories
- On statistical intuitions and inferential rules: A discussion of Kahneman and Tversky.J. S. T. B.. T. Evans -1982 -Cognition 12 (3):319-323.
- Thoughts of Hastening Death among Hospice Patients.B. J. Daly,J. Hooks,S. J. Youngner,B. Drew &M. Prince-Paul -2000 -Journal of Clinical Ethics 11 (1):56-65.
- On the problems of interpreting reasoning data: Logical and psychological approaches.J. S. T. B.. T. Evans -1972 -Cognition 1 (4):373-384.
- Culture as Violence.B. J. Bergen &S. D. Rosenberg -1976 -Humanitas 12:195-205.Export citation
Bookmark - The chemical composition of Berry Wax.B. De S. T. J. Van Der Riet -1905 -Transactions of the Royal Society of South Africa 16 (1):443-444.No categories
- New books. [REVIEW]S. J.,W. B. Pillsbury,T. W. Levin,H. Dendy &L. W. -1895 -Mind 4 (15):404-415.No categories
- Kant und die Scholastik heute.S. J. J. B. Lotz -1955No categoriesExport citation Bookmark
- What is collaboration? Diverse perspectives.B. J. Thayer-Bacon &S. Pack-Brown -2000 -Journal of Thought 35 (2):45-58.
- Cc Booth.B. Lewis,J. S. Stewart &D. L. Mollin -1965 - In Karl W. Linsenmann,Proceedings. St. Louis, Lutheran Academy for Scholarship. pp. 184.No categoriesExport citation Bookmark
- Cultural and Intercultural Experiences in European Higher Education: Essays on Popular and Higher Education since 1980.S. Marriott &B. J. Hake -1996 -British Journal of Educational Studies 44 (1):100-101.
- The Effect of Subject's Sophistication on Responses to Spatial Tasks', Le dessin technique.J. B. DeregowskiI &S. Dziurawiec -forthcoming -Hermes.Export citation Bookmark
- Institutionalism.Sven Steinmo,J. S. Neil &B. B. Paul -2001 - In Neil J. Smelser & Paul B. Baltes,International Encyclopedia of the Social and Behavioral Sciences. Elsevier. pp. 11--7554.
- Lyman continuum leakage in faint star-forming galaxies at redshift z=3-3.5 probed by gamma-ray bursts.J. -B. Vielfaure,S. D. Vergani,J. Japelj,J. P. U. Fynbo,M. Gronke,K. E. Heintz,D. B. Malesani,P. Petitjean,N. R. Tanvir,V. D. D'Elia,D. A. Kann,J. T. Palmerio,R. Salvaterra,K. Wiersema,M. Arabsalmani,S. Campana,S. Covino,M. De Pasquale,A. de Ugarte Postigo,F. Hammer,D. H. Hartmann,P. Jakobsson,C. Kouveliotou,T. Laskar,Andrew J. Levan &A. Rossi -forthcoming -Astronomy and Astrophysics.Context. The identification of the sources that reionized the Universe and their specific contribution to this process are key missing pieces of our knowledge of the early Universe. Faint star-forming galaxies may be the main contributors to the ionizing photon budget during the epoch of reionization, but their escaping photons cannot be detected directly due to inter-galactic medium opacity. Hence, it is essential to characterize the properties of faint galaxies with significant Lyman continuum photon leakage up to z 4 to (...) define indirect indicators allowing analogues to be found at the highest redshift. Aims. Long gamma-ray bursts explode typically in star-forming regions of faint, star-forming galaxies. Through LGRB afterglow spectroscopy it is possible to detect directly LyC photons. Our aim is to use LGRBs as tools to study LyC leakage from faint, star-forming galaxies at high redshift. Methods. Here we present the observations of LyC emission in the afterglow spectra of GRB 191004B at z = 3:5055, together with those of the other two previously known LyC-emitting LGRB, to determine their LyC escape fraction and compare their properties. Results. From the afterglow spectrum of GRB 191004B we determine a neutral hydrogen column density at the LGRB redshift of og =17:2 0:15, and negligible extinction. The only metal absorption lines detected are C iv and Si iv. In contrast to GRB 050908 and GRB 060607A, the host galaxy of GRB 191004B displays significant Ly emission. From its Ly emission and the non-detection of Balmer emission lines we constrain its star-formation rate to 1 SFR 4:7 M yr. 1. We fit the Ly emission with a shell model and find parameters values consistent with the observed ones. The absolute LyC escape fractions we find for GRB 191004B, GRB 050908 and GRB 060607A are of 0:35+0:10.0:11, 0:08+0:05.0:04 and :20+0:05.0:05, respectively. We compare the LyC escape fraction of LGRBs to the values of other LyC emitters found from the literature, showing that LGRB afterglows can be powerful tools to study LyC escape for faint high-redshift star-forming galaxies. Indeed we could push LyC leakage studies to much higher absolute magnitudes. The host galaxies of the three LGRB presented here have all M1600 >.19:5 mag, with the GRB 060607A host at M1600 >.16 mag. LGRB hosts may therefore be particularly suitable for exploring the ionizing escape fraction in galaxies that are too faint or distant for conventional techniques. Furthermore the time investment is very small compared to galaxy studies. (shrink)No categories
- Effect of temperature on the fracture of sapphire.S. M. Wiederhorn,B. J. Hockey &D. E. Roberts -1973 -Philosophical Magazine 28 (4):783-796.No categories
- Clinical Research in Times of Pandemics.S. -A. Chong,B. J. Capps,M. Subramaniam,T. C. Voo &A. V. Campbell -2010 -Public Health Ethics 3 (1):35-38.During a pandemic, where there is widespread human infection, various and varying measures are taken that are targeted at public health objectives. During the early stages of a pandemic, these objectives may focus on containing the disease and minimizing its spread, but they may switch to mitigation as the emergent infectious disease takes hold in a population. There has been considerable debate and elucidation of the ethical principles and framework for the various responses including the need to fast track research (...) and vaccine development. However, the measures imposed during a pandemic would have unintended and untoward effect on ongoing clinical research. For example, precautionary measures, such as social distancing, may hamper ongoing clinical research, because recruitment and participation of patients and healthy volunteers is a potential source of virus spread. In this paper, we argue that a framework is needed to ensure the continuity of such research. Such a framework that considers the pertinent issues would need the ‘buy in’ of the key stakeholders (policy makers, funding agencies, institutional authorities, researchers and subjects) to ensure that the issues that are ethically relevant to pandemic planning would not be neglected or overlooked. (shrink)
- Attitude formation: Function and structure.Sally Chaiken,J. S. Neil &B. B. Paul -2001 - In Neil J. Smelser & Paul B. Baltes,International Encyclopedia of the Social and Behavioral Sciences. Elsevier. pp. 2--899.No categoriesExport citation Bookmark
- Microtwinning during intermediate temperature creep of polycrystalline Ni-based superalloys: mechanisms and modelling.G. B. Viswanathan,S. Karthikeyan,P. M. Sarosi,R. R. Unocic &M. J. Mills -2006 -Philosophical Magazine 86 (29-31):4823-4840.No categories
- Observations of k−-meson interactions in nuclear emulsion.G. B. Chadwick,S. A. Durrani,P. B. Jones,J. W. G. Wignall &D. H. Wilkinson -1958 -Philosophical Magazine 3 (35):1193-1212.
- The Complete Writings of Thomas PaineThe Selected Works of Tom Paine Set in the Framework of His Life. [REVIEW]J. L. B.,Philip S. Foner &Howard Fast -1947 -Journal of Philosophy 44 (7):191.
- Point defect generation, nano-void formation and growth. II. Criterion for ductile failure.S. Saimoto,B. J. Diak &D. J. Lloyd -2012 -Philosophical Magazine 92 (15):1915-1936.No categories
- Ordered subset linkage analysis supports a susceptibility locus for age-related macular degeneration on chromosome 16p12.M. B. Gorin,S. Schmidt,W. K. Scott,E. A. Postel,A. Agarwal,E. R. Hauser,M. A. De La Paz, Gilbert Jr,J. L. de WeeksHaines &M. A. Pericak-Vance -unknownNo categories
- Intelligent Diagnostic System for Low Back Pain Using Dynamic Motion Characteristics.J. B. Bishop,S. K. Ananthramam,D. R. McIntyre,M. Szpalski &M. H. Pop -1998 -Journal of Intelligent Systems 8 (1-2):185-202.No categories
- BOLD Responses in Human Primary Visual Cortex are Insensitive to Substantial Changes in Neural Activity.J. B. Swettenham,S. D. Muthukumaraswamy &K. D. Singh -2013 -Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 7.
- Life and Morals. [REVIEW]J. L. B. &S. J. Holmes -1949 -Journal of Philosophy 46 (3):82.
- Isotopic spin selection rules IX: The 9.58 MeV state of16O.S. D. Bloom,B. J. Toppel &D. H. Wilkinson -1957 -Philosophical Magazine 2 (13):57-60.
- Benton, RA, 527 Blackburn, P., 281 Braüner, T., 359 Brink, C., 543.S. Chopra,B. J. Copeland,E. Corazza,S. Donaho,F. Ferreira,H. Field,D. M. Gabbay,L. Goldstein,J. Heidema &M. J. Hill -2002 -Journal of Philosophical Logic 31 (615).
- Point defect generation, nano-void formation and growth. I. Validation.S. Saimoto &B. J. Diak -2012 -Philosophical Magazine 92 (15):1890-1914.No categories
- The Undivided Universe: An Ontological Interpretation of Quantum Theory.D. Bohm,B. J. Hiley &J. S. Bell -1993 -Synthese 107 (1):145-165.No categories
- The role of consciousness in memory.S. Franklin,B. J. Baars,U. Ramamurthy &M. Ventura -2005 -Brains, Minds and Media 1.Conscious events interact with memory systems in learning, rehearsal and retrieval (Ebbinghaus 1885/1964; Tulving 1985). Here we present hypotheses that arise from the IDA computional model (Franklin,Kelemen and McCauley 1998; Franklin 2001b) of global workspace theory (Baars 1988, 2002). Our primary tool for this exploration is a flexible cognitive cycle employed by the IDA computational model and hypothesized to be a basic element of human cognitive processing. Since cognitive cycles are hypothesized to occur five to tentimes a second and include (...) interaction between conscious contents and several of the memory systems, they provide the means for an exceptionally fine-grained analysis of various cognitive tasks. We apply this tool to the small effect size of subliminal learning compared to supraliminal learning, to process dissociation, to implicit learning, to recognition vs. recall, and to the availability heuristic in recall. The IDA model elucidates the role of consciousness in the updating of perceptual memory, transient episodic memory, and procedural memory. In most cases, memory is hypothesized to interact with conscious events for its normal functioning. The methodology of the paper is unusual in that the hypotheses and explanations presented are derived from an empirically based, but broad and qualitative computational model of human cognition. (shrink)
- Wear debris generation mechanism for polymers studied by nanoscratching.R. B. Mohamed Sani,S. K. Sinha *,J. P. Ying Tan &K. Y. Zeng -2005 -Philosophical Magazine 85 (19):2101-2122.No categories
- On sacramental man: II The way of intimacy.B. R. Brinkman &J. S. -1973 -Heythrop Journal 14 (1):5–34.
- On sacramental man: IV The way of interiorization.B. R. Brinkman &J. S. -1973 -Heythrop Journal 14 (3):280–306.
- Boekbespreking.B. J. Engelbrecht,P. S. Dreyer,J. F. Stutterheim &L. M. Le Roux -1957 -HTS Theological Studies 13 (1).No categories
- Heidegger's Existential Analytic, edited by Frederick Elliston.B. J. Jones -1980 -Journal of the British Society for Phenomenology 11 (1):99-100.
- Dual processes in reasoning?P. C. Wason &J. S. T. B.. T. Evans -1974 -Cognition 3 (2):141-154.
- E. Narmous, The Analysis and Cognition of Melodic Complexity. Chicago.B. J. Baars,Human Error New,R. A. Finke,V. A. Bradley,N. J. Hillsdale,Leab de Boysson-Bardies,S. de Schonen,P. Jusczyk,P. MacNeilage &J. Morton -1994 -Cognition 52:159-162.No categoriesExport citation Bookmark
- Pharmaceutical cognitive enhancement.S. Morein-Zamir &B. J. Sahakian -2013 - In Judy Illes & Barbara J. Sahakian,Oxford Handbook of Neuroethics. Oxford University Press. pp. 229--244.Pharmacological substances used to improve cognition and brain function range from dietary supplements and caffeine to drugs targeted at altering particular neurochemical concentrations in the brain. This article considers current scientific research into pharmaceutical cognitive enhancement and likely future directions. Then it discusses the trends in the use of PCEs within patients groups for whom they were intended, as well as in those for whom they were not originally intended, including healthy adults and children. Finally, it provides an overview of (...) current and future ethical considerations and concludes that the use of PCE will likely continue both within patient and healthy individuals in the foreseeable future. Information regarding actual use, benefits, and harms in various populations is severely lacking. Therefore, more emphasis should be placed on obtaining the relevant empirical data, for example, by the long-term monitoring of effectiveness and side effects, and by accurate large-scale surveys to assess actual usage. (shrink)
- Personalized medicine and genome-based treatments: Why personalized medicine ≠ individualized treatments.S. G. Nicholls,B. J. Wilson,D. Castle,H. Etchegary &J. C. Carroll -2014 -Clinical Ethics 9 (4):135-144.The sequencing of the human genome and decreasing costs of sequencing technology have led to the notion of ‘personalized medicine’. This has been taken by some authors to indicate that personalized medicine will provide individualized treatments solely based on one’s DNA sequence. We argue this is overly optimistic and misconstrues the notion of personalization. Such interpretations fail to account for economic, policy and structural constraints on the delivery of healthcare. Furthermore, notions of individualization based on genomic data potentially take us (...) down the road of genetic reductionism obscuring the role of environmental factors in disease and ill health. We propose that one should see personalized medicine as a way of using personal genomic information to stratify individuals into subpopulations and suggest that personalized medicine be seen within a broader idea of personalized healthcare, reflecting healthcare that integrates personal genomic data into cultural, environmental and personal contexts. (shrink)
- Ethical Challenges in Clinical Research During the COVID-19 Pandemic.B. E. Bierer,S. A. White,J. M. Barnes &L. Gelinas -2020 -Journal of Bioethical Inquiry 17 (4):717-722.The sudden emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic brought global disruption to every aspect of society including healthcare, supply chain, the economy, and social interaction. Among the many emergent considerations were the safety and public health of the public, patients, essential workers, and healthcare professionals. In certain locations, clinical research was halted—or terminated—in deference to the immediate needs of patient care, and clinical trials focusing on the treatment and prevention of coronavirus infection were prioritized over studies focusing on other diseases. Difficult (...) decisions were made rapidly; flexibility and reconsideration were necessary not only because the intensity and severity of infection varied over time and by locale but also because knowledge of the disease and understanding of its treatment grew. Here we discuss the ethical challenges in decision-making and competing ethical tensions during the pandemic in an effort to advance future preparedness. (shrink)
- The patient's choice.B. J. Crigger -1991 -Hastings Center Report 21 (6):4.
- Prediction of life-story narrative for end-of-life surrogate’s decision-making is inadequate: a Q-methodology study.Muhammad M. Hammami,Kafa Abuhdeeb,Muhammad B. Hammami,Sophia J. S. De Padua &Areej Al-Balkhi -2019 -BMC Medical Ethics 20 (1):28.Substituted judgment assumes adequate knowledge of patient’s mind-set. However, surrogates’ prediction of individual healthcare decisions is often inadequate and may be based on shared background rather than patient-specific knowledge. It is not known whether surrogate’s prediction of patient’s integrative life-story narrative is better. Respondents in 90 family pairs rank-ordered 47 end-of-life statements as life-story narrative measure and completed instruments on decision-control preference and healthcare-outcomes acceptability as control measures, from respondent’s view and predicted pair’s view. They also scored their confidence in (...) surrogate’s decision-making and familiarity with pair’s healthcare-preferences. Life-story narratives’ prediction was examined by calculating correlation of statements’ ranking scores between respondent-personal and respondent-surrogate Q-sorts and between respondent-surrogate and pair-personal Q-sorts before and after controlling for correlation with respondent-personal scores, and by comparing percentages of respondent-surrogate Q-sorts co-loading with pair-personal vs. respondent-personal Q-sorts. Accuracy in predicting decision-control preference and healthcare-outcomes acceptability was determined by percent concordance. Results were compared among subgroups defined by intra-pair relationship, surrogate’s decision-making confidence, and healthcare-preferences familiarity. Mean age was 35.4 years, 69% were females, and 73 and 80% reported ≥ very good health and life-quality, respectively. Mean surrogate’s decision-making confidence score was 3.35 and 75% were ≥ familiar with pair’s healthcare-preferences. Mean projection, simulation, and adjusted-simulation correlations were 0.68, 0.42, and 0.26, respectively. Out of 180 respondent-surrogate Q-sorts, 24, 9, and 32% co-loaded with respondent-personal, pair-personal, or both Q-sorts, respectively. Accuracy in predicting decision-control preference and healthcare-outcomes acceptability was 47 and 52%, respectively. Surrogate’s decision-making confidence score correlated with adjusted-simulation’s correlation score. There were significant differences among the husband-wife, parent-child, and sibling-sibling subgroups in percentage of respondent-surrogate Q-sorts co-loading with pair-personal Q-sorts and percent agreement on healthcare-outcomes acceptability. Despite high self-reported surrogate’s decision-making confidence and healthcare-preferences familiarity, family surrogates are variably inadequate in simulating life-story narratives. Simulation accuracy may not follow the next-of-kin concept and is 38% based on shared background. (shrink)No categories
- Peacocke’s A Priori Arguments Against Scepticism.B. J. C. Madison -2011 -Grazer Philosophische Studien 83 (1):1-8.In The Realm of Reason (2004), Christopher Peacocke develops a “generalized rationalism” concerning, among other things, what it is for someone to be “entitled”, or justified, in forming a given belief. In the course of his discussion, Peacocke offers two arguments to the best explanation that aim to undermine scepticism and establish a justification for our belief in the reliability of sense perception, respectively. If sound, these ambitious arguments would answer some of the oldest and most vexing epistemological problems. In (...) this paper I will evaluate these arguments, concluding that they are inconclusive at best. Despite offering some interestingly original arguments, Peacocke gives us no reason to think that scepticism is false, and that perception is generally reliable. (shrink)
- (1 other version)Moore's Influence on Russell.B. J. Lucas -1981 -Russell: The Journal of Bertrand Russell Studies 1:9.
- History of Roman Private Law. Part II :Jurisprudence. By E. C. Clark, LL.D. 2 vols. Pp. xiv + 802. Cambridge: University Press, 1914. Price 21s. net. [REVIEW]S. B. R. J. -1915 -The Classical Review 29 (3):92-93.
- Wessel gansfort and Cornelis hoen's epistola christiana: The ring as a Pledge of my love'.B. J. Spruyt -1993 - In Fokke Akkerman, Gerda C. Huisman & Arie Johan Vanderjagt,Wessel Gansfort (1419-1489) and northern humanism. New York: E.J. Brill. pp. 40--122.No categoriesExport citation Bookmark
- Poet in the atomic age: Robert Frost's ‘That Millikan Mote’ expanded.B. J. Sokol -1996 -Annals of Science 53 (4):399-411.SummaryThe writings of the very popular American poet Robert Frost (1874–1963) reveal an unusually specific and detailed knowledge of science. This was particularly evident among the poems of his penultimate volume, Steeple Bush, of 1947. Several of these poems confronted with basic insights issues raised by the period's ‘new physics’. Among those, especially Frost's epigram ‘A Wish to Comply’ wittily confronted an important epistemological difficulty in particle physics. Such science must induce a belief in the fundamental importance of entities invisible (...) to any physical human senses except those aided by complex apparatus used in abstruse experiments. Recondite scientific issues are confronted in other poems published in Steeple Bush such as ‘Skeptic’ (which meditates on the ‘red shift’ evidence for an expanding universe), but these poems are clearly derived from popular theoretical expositions, not practical experience. ‘A Wish to Comply’, on the other hand, clearly records an actual experience of a failed Millikan ‘oil drop’ experiment. This event evidently led to the poet to fake a report of his own observation of an electrically charged oil droplet, for reasons of social pressure. In meditating on these circumstances the epigram opens questions relating to scientific ‘systematic error’, the suppression, ‘trimming’ or ‘cooking’ of experimental data, and a bias toward confirmation of highly respected opinions. Although Frost did not live to know it, two of these questions have been latterly opened in regard to Millikan's own reports of his original oil drop experimental data. (shrink)No categories
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David Bourget (Western Ontario)
David Chalmers (ANU, NYU)
Area Editors:
David Bourget
Gwen Bradford
Berit Brogaard
Margaret Cameron
David Chalmers
James Chase
Rafael De Clercq
Ezio Di Nucci
Esa Diaz-Leon
Barry Hallen
Hans Halvorson
Jonathan Ichikawa
Monte Johnson
Michelle Kosch
Øystein Linnebo
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Brandon Look
Manolo Martínez
Matthew McGrath
Michiru Nagatsu
Susana Nuccetelli
Giuseppe Primiero
Jack Alan Reynolds
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