Public Stem Cell Banks: Considerations of Justice in Stem Cell Research and Therapy.Ruth R. Faden,LizaDawson,Alison S. Bateman-House,Dawn Mueller Agnew,Hilary Bok,Dan W. Brock,Aravinda Chakravarti,Xiao-Jiang Gao,Mark Greene,John A. Hansen,Patricia A. King,Stephen J. O'Brien,David H. Sachs,Kathryn E. Schill,Andrew Siegel,Davor Solter,Sonia M. Suter,Catherine M. Verfaillie,LeRoy B. Walters &John D. Gearhart -2003 -Hastings Center Report 33 (6):13-27.detailsIf stem cell-based therapies are developed, we will likely confront a difficult problem of justice: for biological reasons alone, the new therapies might benefit only a limited range of patients. In fact, they might benefit primarily white Americans, thereby exacerbating long-standing differences in health and health care.
Solving the conundrum of intra‐specific variation in metabolic rate: A multidisciplinary conceptual and methodological toolkit.Neil B. Metcalfe,Jakob Bellman,Pierre Bize,Pierre U. Blier,Amélie Crespel,Neal J.Dawson,Ruth E. Dunn,Lewis G. Halsey,Wendy R. Hood,Mark Hopkins,Shaun S. Killen,Darryl McLennan,Lauren E. Nadler,Julie J. H. Nati,Matthew J. Noakes,Tommy Norin,Susan E. Ozanne,Malcolm Peaker,Amanda K. Pettersen,Anna Przybylska-Piech,Alann Rathery,Charlotte Récapet,Enrique Rodríguez,Karine Salin,Antoine Stier,Elisa Thoral,Klaas R. Westerterp,Margriet S. Westerterp-Plantenga,Michał S. Wojciechowski &Pat Monaghan -2023 -Bioessays 45 (6):2300026.detailsResearchers from diverse disciplines, including organismal and cellular physiology, sports science, human nutrition, evolution and ecology, have sought to understand the causes and consequences of the surprising variation in metabolic rate found among and within individual animals of the same species. Research in this area has been hampered by differences in approach, terminology and methodology, and the context in which measurements are made. Recent advances provide important opportunities to identify and address the key questions in the field. By bringing together (...) researchers from different areas of biology and biomedicine, we describe and evaluate these developments and the insights they could yield, highlighting the need for more standardisation across disciplines. We conclude with a list of important questions that can now be addressed by developing a common conceptual and methodological toolkit for studies on metabolic variation in animals. (shrink)
Late Medieval and Early Modern Fight Books.Karin Verelst,Daniel Jaquet &TimothyDawson (eds.) -2016 - Leiden: Brill.detailsLate Medieval and Early Modern Fight Books offers insights into the cultural and historical transmission and practices of martial arts, based on the corpus of the Fight Books (Fechtbücher) in 14th- to 17th-century Europe. The first part of the book deals with methodological and specific issues for the studies of this emerging interdisciplinary field of research. The second section offers an overview of the corpus based on geographical areas. The final part offers some relevant case studies. This is the first (...) book proposing a comprehensive state of research and an overview of Historical European Martial Arts Studies. One of its major strengths lies in its association of interdisciplinary scholars with practitioners of martial arts. Contributors are Sydney Anglo, Matthias Johannes Bauer, Eric Burkart, Marco Cavina, Franck Cinato, John Clements, TimothyDawson, Olivier Dupuis, Bert Gevaert, Dierk Hagedorn, Daniel Jaquet, Rachel E. Kellet, Jens Peter Kleinau, Ken Mondschein, Reinier van Noort, B. Ann Tlusty, Manuel Valle Ortiz, Karin Verelst, and Paul Wagner. (shrink)
The Proceedings of the Twentieth World Congress of Philosophy.Tomoko Iwasawa &StephenDawson -2001 -The Proceedings of the Twentieth World Congress of Philosophy 12:13-33.detailsOne truly significant development in scholarship in recent decades has been the maturing of intercultural studies. Intercultural studies in philosophy have their origins in the comparative study of religions that emerged in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Pioneering practitioners include Max Müller, E. B. Tylor, and James Frazer among others. By the second half of the twentieth century, these traditions were further refined and extended by such notable figures as Gerardus van der Leeuw and Mircea Eliade. However, acceptance (...) of what is now called “intercultural philosophy” was not immediately forthcoming. In 1962, Edward Conze observed that the “rapid growth of communications has brought Eastern and Western cultures face to face. So far European, and particularly British, philosophers have reacted by becoming more provincial than ever before.” Although Conze believed philosophers could not remain provincial forever, he allowed that in his day the omens were “most unpropitious.” His point was not that Western philosophy should simply include non-Western philosophers in the conversion but, rather, that non-Western philosophies, beyond their own intrinsic worth, would provide a valuable service to Western philosophy by exposing its “latent presuppositions” to sustained examination and questioning. Put differently, if the activity of philosophy is understood as public discourse in a community of inquiry, then the philosophical conversation of mankind could only be enriched by inclusion of other voices. (shrink)
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Single Neuron Electrophysiology.B. E. Stein,M. T. Wallace &T. R. Stanford -1998 - In George Graham & William Bechtel,A Companion to Cognitive Science. Blackwell. pp. 433–449.detailsAll of our information about the world is derived from the function of our senses, and thus they are the principal source of all our knowledge. This was recognized explicitly by early Greek philosophers, remained an important point of discussion for nineteenth‐century philosophers, and continues to be a key issue for present‐day philosophers, psychologists, and neuroscientists. It is a key issue in cognitive science because, by initiating the processes that store and evaluate information, sensory information transmission can be considered a (...) cognitive initiator. In a very real sense, who we are and how we see the world are the result of the experiences that are mediated by our sensory systems. These are some of the reasons why the study of sensory systems has occupied such a prominent place in modern cognitive neuroscience. (shrink)
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ABET Criterion 3.f: How Much Curriculum Content is Enough?B. E. Barry &M. W. Ohland -2012 -Science and Engineering Ethics 18 (2):369-392.detailsEven after multiple cycles of ABET accreditation, many engineering programs are unsure of how much curriculum content is needed to meet the requirements of ABET’s Criterion 3.f (an understanding of professional and ethical responsibility). This study represents the first scholarly attempt to assess the impact of curriculum reform following the introduction of ABET Criterion 3.f. This study sought to determine how much professional and ethical responsibility curriculum content was used between 1995 and 2005, as well as how, when, why, and (...) to what effect changes in the amount of content occurred. Subsequently, the study sought to evaluate if different amounts of curriculum content generated differing student outcomes. The amount of curriculum content used by each of the participating programs was identified during semi-structured interviews with program administrators and a review of ABET Self-Study documents. Quantitative methods were applied to determine if a relationship existed between the curriculum content and performance on a nationally administered, engineering-specific standardized examination. The findings indicate a statistical relationship, but a lack of structure between the amount of required content in the curriculum and performance on the examination. Additional findings were also generated regarding the way that programs interpret the Criterion 3.f feedback generated during accreditation visits. The primary impact of this study is that it dispels the myth that more courses or course time on professionalism and ethics will necessarily lead to positive engineering education outcomes. Much of the impetus to add more curriculum content results from a lack of conclusive feedback during ABET accreditation visits. (shrink)