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_This study investigates the relationship between employee job satisfaction, work environment, and intention to leave a company. It delves into the impact of two leadership styles, transformational and participative, aiming to address employee satisfaction and retention issues. Data was collected from 300 individuals using a quantitative research approach. The findings of the study reveal a strong connection between transformational and participative leadership styles, job satisfaction, and the inclination to leave one's current job. Statistical analysis, specifically chi-square tests, demonstrates significant associations (...) between leadership with transformational qualities, employee job satisfaction, and the desire to leave the organization. Participative leadership approaches also correlate highly with job satisfaction and intentions to leave. Binary logistic regression analysis further supports the role of leadership styles in influencing turnover intentions. The research establishes a significant relationship between leadership styles and job satisfaction, as well as leadership styles and employee turnover intentions. Moreover, it underscores that a one-time shift in leadership style can result in a 15-fold change in job satisfaction and a 7-fold change in employee turnover intentions._. (shrink)

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In today’s modern world, globalization has increased competition among the organizations. In order to meet competition every organization require high skilled work force. Organizations are becoming more dependent on skilled work force. Increase in competition has also been increasing the stress on employees that is causing hi gh turnover in organization. Increase in employee turnover and unavailability of skilled work force has an indispensable question on the future growth of organizations. Every organization has two ways to tackle this situation either (...) to hire person for the vacant key position from outside or to promote employee within the organization. The Study aims to analyze the impact of succession planning on organizational growth and association of gender variation with growth of organization. A survey of 300 persons doing an official task under the management, were interviewed through questionnaire based on five points Likert scale and developed through pilot study. Convenience sampling was used to draw the sample including 150 males and 150 females. Logistic regression was used to calculate impact of succession planning on organizational growth. Result of the study reveals effective succession plan can help the organization to meet desire objectives. It has significant positive impact of 2.5 times on growth of organization by increasing number employees through accurate hiring and by retaining key personnel on key position. Study also concludes, gender variation has no association with growth of organization. (shrink)

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In the last six years, more than 3.7 million people have migrated from Pakistan to seek employment, mostly in the Middle East. Approximately, 1 million people migrated from Pakistan in 2015 in contrast to 0.75 million in 2014, an increase of about 20.84%. People from all the cities of Pakistan are migrating, especially from Karachi, which is the seventh most populous city of the world and largest in Pakistan. More than 30% of Karachi’s population is youth with 54.9% male and (...) 45.1% female. This study finds that 48.7% of the youth in Karachi want to leave Pakistan for various reasons, including unemployment, insecurity, economic problems, lack of social support, lack of career opportunities. This high rate of outward migration from Pakistan is creating brain drain conditions, especially in the health and education sectors, where there is a shortage of skilled workforce. This paper explores and analyzes factors that are contributing to youth emigration from Pakistan’s largest city, Karachi. (shrink)

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_This paper examines the relationship between socioeconomic status (SES), gender, and healthcare service access to address healthcare inequalities in Karachi, Pakistan. Despite notable advancements in expanding healthcare services, disparities persist in the city. The study aims to understand how SES and gender influence healthcare utilization, with the goal of recommending targeted interventions for improving equity and effectiveness. The research employed a mixed-methods approach. A quantitative survey was conducted with 80 respondents using a closed-ended questionnaire based on a Likert scale distributed (...) via social media platforms. Additionally, qualitative insights were gathered through six focus group discussions with participants selected through convenience sampling. Statistical analyses, including chi-square tests and logistic regression, revealed SES as a significant predictor of access to healthcare services in Karachi. Interestingly, the study found no significant differences in SES-based healthcare access by gender, indicating that gender was not a determining factor in this context. The findings underscore the need to address broader socioeconomic barriers to ensure equitable healthcare access. The study has recommended increasing investments in healthcare infrastructure, expanding services for low-income populations, enhancing health literacy programs, improving telemedicine delivery, and fostering multi-sectoral collaboration in health policy development and implementation._. (shrink)

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