Information Processing: The Language and Analytical Tools for Cognitive Psychology in the Information Age.AipingXiong &Robert W. Proctor -2018 -Frontiers in Psychology 9:362645.detailsThe information age can be dated to the work of Norbert Wiener and Claude Shannon in the 1940s. Their work on cybernetics and information theory, and many subsequent developments, had a profound influence on reshaping the field of psychology from what it was prior to the 1950s. Contemporaneously, advances also occurred in experimental design and inferential statistical testing stemming from the work of Ronald Fisher, Jerzy Neyman, and Egon Pearson. These interdisciplinary advances from outside of psychology provided the conceptual and (...) methodological tools for what is often called the cognitive revolution but is more accurately described as the information-processing revolution. Cybernetics set the stage with the idea that everything ranging from neurophysiological mechanisms to societal activities can be modeled as structured control systems with feedforward and feedback loops. Information theory offered a way to quantify entropy and information, and promoted theorizing in terms of information flow. Statistical theory provided means for making scientific inferences from the results of controlled experiments and for conceptualizing human decision making. With those three pillars, a cognitive psychology adapted to the information age evolved. The growth of technology in the information age has resulted in human lives being increasingly interweaved with the cyber environment, making cognitive psychology an essential part of interdisciplinary research on such interweaving. Continued engagement in interdisciplinary research at the forefront of technology development provides a chance for psychologists not only to refine their theories but also to play a major role in the advent of a new age of science. (shrink)
YangXiong, philosophy of the Fa yan: a Confucian hermit in the Han imperial court.Xiong Yang -2011 - Highlands, N.C.: Mountain Mind Press. Edited by Jeffrey S. Bullock.details"YangXiong is the most useless of all. He was truly a rotten Confucian."Zhu Xi (11301200 A.D.)With this comment from Song Dynasty Neo-Confucian Zhu Xi, the work of Han Dynasty philosopher YangXiong (53 B.C.18 A.D.) was effectively relegated to the dustbin of Chinese intellectual history. While influential in the Later Han as the clearest expression of the Old Text Confucian school, Yang's Fa yan has received little attention from Western scholars and appears here in a rare annotated (...) English translation.Written during the transition between the Former and Later Han Dynasties, the Fa yan is a notoriously elusive text that was stylistically modeled on the Analects of Confucius. Denigrated by later Neo-Confucians for his association with Han usurper Wang Mang, YangXiong served both the Former Han and Xin imperial courts as a court poet and scholar, and was well known for being a reclusive personality, earning him a reputation as a "hermit at court." Most famous for his position that human nature is a mixture of good and evil, YangXiong's philosophy stands in clear contrast to the syncretic Confucianism of his day as a reformer's vision of proper self-cultivation and statecraft.This volume presents an annotated translation of the entire text, focusing on the passages that elucidate Yang's discussion of the core concepts of the Confucian school. The translator's commentary traces the text's major philosophical concepts to their roots in Warring States era philosophy, noting stylistic and conceptual allusions to the Analects and Mencius, among other texts. Also included are a discussion of Yang's biography and the influence of the eremitic ideal on his life and thought. (shrink)
Robust H∞ Control for the Spacecraft with Flexible Appendages.Aiping Pang,Hui Zhu,Junjie Zhou,Zhen He &Jing Yang -2020 -Complexity 2020:1-8.detailsAiming at the oscillation suppression of spacecraft with large flexible appendages, we propose a control strategy using H∞ control. The weighting functions are designed for the specific flexible modes of the spacecraft and the frequency of harmonic interference in its operating environment. Taking into account the structural uncertainty of systematic modeling and the comprehensive performance requirements of system bandwidth constraint and attitude stability, the H∞ comprehensive performance matrix is constructed. A space telescope with a large flexible solar array is presented (...) as an illustrative example, and a control design that meets the requirement for pointing accuracy is proposed. The simulation results show that the designed controller satisfies the requirements of attitude stability and high pointing accuracy and has effectively suppressed the disturbance of endemic frequency. The design scheme and selection method of the weight function shown in this paper can be a reference for the controller design for oscillation suppression of this type of spacecraft with flexible structures. (shrink)
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Taoism and teaching without words.QinjingXiong &Yucui Ju -2023 -Educational Philosophy and Theory 55 (4):496-507.detailsThe concept of Tao occupies a core position in Taoism and even the entire Chinese classical philosophy. For philosophical Taoism, ‘Tao’ is the ultimate reality. Therefore, exploring Taoist epistemology, its role in governance, education and self-cultivation is necessary. The only way that can be approached beyond human ability to fathom ‘Tao’ is beyond mere reasoning or words. Thus, the basic guiding principles behind Taoism for approaching Tao are ‘no action’ and ‘no words’. In traditional Chinese philosophy, following Tao to cultivate (...) oneself is teaching, so as Taoism advocates the teaching of non-action beyond words. The educational thought of Taoist also strongly dismisses the notion of ‘learning’, which is at odds with the Confucians and majority of Westerns. However, Taoism does not negate the importance of learning to attain knowledge, while only opposes the so-called knowledge that is cumbersome, limited, rigid and antagonistic. According to the Taoist thought, children like all human beings are guided naturally and attain fulfillment in harmony with the rest of the world. Enlightenment is a continual and constant process that can be attained by gradual self-transformation until the Tao is realized. Teaching without words seems to be a negative method, while it actually possesses significance. Excessive addiction to knowledge and efficiency drifts modern education away from Taoism. Excavating the educational significance of Taoist ancient philosophical heritage can facilitate us understanding the true nature of education. (shrink)
A Fast and Reliable Corner Detector for Non-Uniform Illumination Mineshaft Images.Aiping Xu,Jianhui Zhao,Dengyi Zhang &Yuanxiu Xing -2013 -Journal of Intelligent Systems 22 (4):453-470.detailsWe propose a fast and reliable corner detector that can detect corners under non-uniform illumination and fuzzy mineshaft images effectively. First, we presented an inner mask that used only four pixels to determine the flat and corner regions of an image, which could eliminate unnecessary computation of flat regions, thus reducing computing cost. Second, we separated the corner regions into background and foreground and computed the separate corner threshold to settle non-uniform illumination. Third, we proposed a fast corner-detection algorithm to (...) compute the nucleus continuous contributive segment based on the corner state. Finally, we proposed two effective methods to remove the false corners. Experimental results showed that our approach has a better detection quality and is less time consuming than three other algorithms on an artificial image, a noisy image, and non-uniform images and could meet the real-time requirement of mineshaft applications. (shrink)
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Exemplary figures =.Xiong Yang -2013 - Seattle: University of Washington Press. Edited by Michael Nylan.detailsExemplary Figures (sometimes translated as Model Sayings) is an unabridged, annotated translation of Fayan, one of three major works by the Chinese court poet-philosopher YangXiong (53 BCE-18 CE). Yang sought to "renew the old" by patterning these works on earlier classics, drawing inspiration from the Confucian Analects for Exemplary Figures. In this philosophical masterwork, constructed as a dialogue, Yang poses and then answers questions on philosophical, political, ethical, and literary matters. Michael Nylan's rendering of this text, which is (...) laden with word play and is extraordinarily difficult to translate, is a joy to read-at turns wise, cautionary, and playful. (shrink)
The Contributions of Language Skills and Comprehension Monitoring to Chinese Reading Comprehension: A Longitudinal Investigation.Aiping Zhao,Ying Guo,Shuyan Sun,Mark H. C. Lai,Allison Breit &Miao Li -2021 -Frontiers in Psychology 12:625555.detailsThis study examined how vocabulary, syntactic knowledge, and orthographic knowledge are related to comprehension monitoring and whether comprehension monitoring mediates the relations between these language skills and reading comprehension. Eighty-nine Chinese children were assessed on their vocabulary, syntactic knowledge, orthographic knowledge, and comprehension monitoring in Grade 1. Their reading comprehension skills were assessed in Grade 1 and Grade 3. Results showed that in Grade 1, comprehension monitoring mediated the relations between vocabulary and syntactic knowledge and reading comprehension. For Grade 3 (...) reading comprehension, syntactic knowledge in Grade 1 was the only significant predictor. These findings indicate that multiple language skills make direct and indirect contributionsviacomprehension monitoring to Chinese reading comprehension, and the relations would change as children’s reading skills develop. (shrink)
Wang Yangming fo jiao guan yan jiu: "tong yi" yu "shi fei" zhi bian.GuipingXiong -2016 - Beijing: She hui ke xue wen xian chu ban she.details王學不是“陽儒陰釋”,而是儒學的一種新形態;它與佛教禪宗相似或相同是因為兩者都把“道”內在化了。同時,它也不是“儒體佛用”,確切地說,它是“儒因佛緣”,即它是在“成為聖人”這一儒學的動因中生髮出來的, 佛教因素在其形成過程中只是起了助緣的作用;經過改造的佛教因素成為王學的有機成分,但不是核心要素。.
Lun xian dai xi fang fa li xue de san da lun zhan: ji yu gu jin zhi zheng li chang de shen shi.YijunXiong -2009 - Ji'nan: Shandong Ren Min Chu Ban She.details本书力图从施特劳斯开启的古今之争的视野来研究现代西方法理学的三大论战。本书首先将三大论战置于现代政治科学的问题史脉络中进行辨析, 清理论战中的局限、疑难和乱象; 进而通过阐述现代政治科学本身面临的批判和挑战, 来理解三大论战和现代西方法理学存在的局限性, 但笔者最终采取的是一种有节制的态度.
The Outline of Parapsychology.Jesse HongXiong -2009 - Upa.detailsThis work of 'systematic parapsychology' aims to construct a framework and system of parapsychology, taking a comprehensive approach to the field. The book states that parapsychology has a different philosophical background from the existing science and religions, and posits that pantheism could be the theoretical basis of parapsychology.
Le catéchisme philosophique.Xiong Yang -1960 - [Bruxelles,: Éditions de l'Occident.details"Il s'agit de la traduction en français de l'ouvrage intitulé "Propos sur la loi" écrit par le philosophe confucianiste chinois YangXiong (53 av. J.C.-18).
Dialogues between Western and Eastern Culture From the Aspect of Logic.Xiong Liwen -2008 -Proceedings of the Xxii World Congress of Philosophy 36:83-90.detailsThe article mainly tries to discuss the dialogue between China and Western countries from the aspect of logic. There were three sources of logic, including formal logic in ancient Greek, logic in Early Qin of China as well as logic in ancient India. While, among all the schools in ancient China, Mohist and Virtuoso valued logic most. But as the rulers of Han Dynasty only paid their homage to Confucianism, the two schools gradually sank, logic in Early Qin of China (...) discontinued, without entering the main headstream of logic development worldwide. Later, logic in China had little influence on Chinese society although Indian logic was introduced in Tang Dynasty, a scholar-bureaucrat named Zhizao Li in Ming Dynasty, translated logic textbook Discussion of Name and Science, and German philosopher G.W. Leibniz explained Chinese changing theory with binary system. In the early 1900s, during the process of introducing western science, logic, regarded as the basis of science and a tool of scientific research, was highly valued by Chinese scholars, in fact, western logic entered China through two channels. After Chinese scholars learnt from western logic, they made their contribution to the development of logic. (shrink)
Cooperation Mechanisms for the Prisoner’s Dilemma with Bayesian Games.WeiXiong -2023 - In Natasha Alechina, Andreas Herzig & Fei Liang,Logic, Rationality, and Interaction: 9th International Workshop, LORI 2023, Jinan, China, October 26–29, 2023, Proceedings. Springer Nature Switzerland. pp. 284-291.detailsThis paper explores the cooperation mechanisms for the prisoner’s dilemma game, a canonical example for studying cooperation mechanisms, with Bayesian games. By the approach allowing simultaneous moves with the assumption that the players might be self-interested or norm-following, we establish four possible Bayesian game models, all of which are cooperation mechanisms for the prisoner’s dilemma game except for the model in which one of the two players must be self-interested.
Chun qiu da yi: Zhongguo chuan tong yu jing xia de huang quan yu xue shu.YiXiong -2018 - Beijing: Min zhu yu jian she chu ban she.details本书从唐朝一桩谋杀案讲起,通过大量生动的历史案例,运用翔实考据和缜密逻辑,揭示了上溯至春秋时代的中国经典文化,包括春秋"一经三传",论语老子等,是如何在皇权政治下被扭曲成了权力的工具的.
Zui yu fa zhi wai: jing ji xue jia dui fa xue de 20ge ti wen.BingyuanXiong -2017 - Taibei Shi: Yuan jian tian xia wen hua chu ban gu fen you xian gong si.details犯罪判罰,天經地義 而在這眾人習以為常的「天經地義」之外 我們是不是忽略了法何以為法 以及其他與「人」更緊密的關聯? 以自己權益/利益為先的人,應該受到指責嗎? 被迫殺人的人,和教唆殺人的人,誰該負的責任比較大? 當法律與宗教衝突時,孰先孰後? 司法判決除了讓犯錯的人得到懲罰之外,對其他人有什麼意義? 已經不合時宜的法條,為什麼還要繼續使用它? 一九六○年由美國芝加哥大學發軔的「法經濟學」(或「法律的經濟分析」),對法學提出截然不同的解釋,於法學「重新發明輪子」(reinventing the wheel),如今,「法經濟學」在各級法院和最高法院裡,已然高居廳堂之上。 於兩岸三地享有高知名度之經濟學者熊秉元,在本書中以日常的提問為引,深入淺出地利用經濟分析的基本架構處理各種法學問題,包括闡釋最抽象、層次最高的核心――「正義」的概念,且書中諸多理論皆奠基於真實世界,明 確提出「實證法學」(apositive the ory of law)的概念,並和傳統「規範法學」(anormative the ory of law)相對照,在現行類似之法經濟學分析方法上甚有新意。.