Results for 'Aditi Sen'
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- Unitarity as Preservation of Entropy and Entanglement in Quantum Systems.Florian Hulpke,Uffe V. Poulsen,Anna Sanpera,Aditi Sen,Ujjwal Sen &Maciej Lewenstein -2006 -Foundations of Physics 36 (4):477-499.The logical structure of Quantum Mechanics (QM) and its relation to other fundamental principles of Nature has been for decades a subject of intensive research. In particular, the question whether the dynamical axiom of QM can be derived from other principles has been often considered. In this contribution, we show that unitary evolutions arise as a consequences of demanding preservation of entropy in the evolution of a single pure quantum system, and preservation of entanglement in the evolution of composite quantum (...) systems. 6. (shrink)
- Common Origin of No-Cloning and No-Deleting Principles Conservation of Information.Michał Horodecki,Ryszard Horodecki,Aditi Sen &Ujjwal Sen -2005 -Foundations of Physics 35 (12):2041-2049.We discuss the role of the notion of information in the description of physical reality. We consider theories for which dynamics is linear with respect to stochastic mixing. We point out that the no-cloning and no-deleting principles emerge in any such theory, if law of conservation of information is valid, and two copies contain more information than one copy. We then describe the quantum case from this point of view.
- Choice, internal consistency and rationality.Aditi Bhattacharyya,Prasanta K. Pattanaik &Yongsheng Xu -2011 -Economics and Philosophy 27 (2):123-149.The classical theory of rational choice is built on several important internal consistency conditions. In recent years, the reasonableness of those internal consistency conditions has been questioned and criticized, and several responses to accommodate such criticisms have been proposed in the literature. This paper develops a general framework to accommodate the issues raised by the criticisms of classical rational choice theory, and examines the broad impact of these criticisms from both normative and positive points of view.
- The mental representation of lexical form: A phonological approach to the recognition lexicon.Aditi Lahiri &William Marslen-Wilson -1991 -Cognition 38 (3):245-294.
- Extracting Low‐Dimensional Psychological Representations from Convolutional Neural Networks.Aditi Jha,Joshua C. Peterson &Thomas L. Griffiths -2023 -Cognitive Science 47 (1):e13226.Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) are increasingly widely used in psychology and neuroscience to predict how human minds and brains respond to visual images. Typically, CNNs represent these images using thousands of features that are learned through extensive training on image datasets. This raises a question: How many of these features are really needed to model human behavior? Here, we attempt to estimate the number of dimensions in CNN representations that are required to capture human psychological representations in two ways: (1) (...) directly, using human similarity judgments and (2) indirectly, in the context of categorization. In both cases, we find that low-dimensional projections of CNN representations are sufficient to predict human behavior. We show that these low-dimensional representations can be easily interpreted, providing further insight into how people represent visual information. A series of control studies indicate that these findings are not due to the size of the dataset we used and may be due to a high level of redundancy in the features appearing in CNN representations. (shrink)
- Collective epistemic vices in Blaise Pascal'sProvinciales.Aditi Chaturvedi -forthcoming -Southern Journal of Philosophy.Les Provinciales (1656–1657) by Blaise Pascal is best known today for its scathing attack on the Jesuits. Most contemporary accounts treat the work either as a gem of polemical epistolography or of theological and historical interest as a depiction of the debates between the Jansenists and the Jesuits in seventeenth‐century France. In general, Pascal's epistemology is either ignored in Anglophone epistemology or explored in relation to Descartes or other more “substantial” epistemologists. This article argues that such marginalization of Les Provinciales—and (...) Pascal—is a mistake. I contend that Pascal's work offers a fruitful case study in collective epistemic vices. Contrary to the common view that Les Provinciales is merely a series of Jansenist ad hominem attacks, I argue that Pascal's true aim was to expose the epistemic corruption of the Jesuits to a broader audience. In the first section, I offer a few remarks on contemporary vice epistemology and briefly defend the theoretical framework that I rely on. In the second section, I turn to the letters themselves. I first show how Pascal was acutely sensitive to the sociality of knowledge production, then discuss Les Provinciales as a case study of collective epistemic vices. (shrink)No categories
- On Corporate Virtue.Aditi Gowri -2007 -Journal of Business Ethics 70 (4):391-400.This paper considers the question of virtues appropriate to a corporate actor's moral character. A model of corporate appetites is developed by analogy with animal appetities; and the pursuit of initially virtuous corporate tendencies to an extreme degree is shown to be morally perilous. The author thus refutes a previous argument which suggested that (1) corporate virtues, unlike human virtues, need not be located on an Aristotelian mean between opposite undesirable extremes because (2) corporations do not have appetites; and (3) (...) corporate virtues must serve the end of sustainable profit. If these disanalogies between corporate and human virtue no longer hold, then the stage is set for us to formulate a more adequate model of good corporate character that would encompass other-regarding virtues. (shrink)
- Left inferior-parietal lobe activity in perspective tasks: identity statements.Aditi Arora,Benjamin Weiss,Matthias Schurz,Markus Aichhorn,Rebecca C. Wieshofer &Josef Perner -2015 -Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 9.
- Nondomination and the ambitions of employment law.Aditi Bagchi -2023 -Theoretical Inquiries in Law 24 (1):1-25.There is something missing in existing discussions of domination. While republican theory, antisubordination theory, and critical legal theory each have contributed significantly to our understanding of domination, their focus on structural relationships and group subordination can leave out of focus the individual wrongs that make up domination, each of which is an unjustified exercise of power by one person over another. Private law (supported by private law theory) plays an important role in filling out our pictures of domination and the (...) role of the state in limiting it. Private law allows us to recognize domination in wrongs by one person against another, and it has the potential to articulate the state-enforced boundaries on domination as well as a framework for thinking through inevitable compromises between the aspiration to nondomination and other basic interests of a liberal state. We can understand employment law as continuous with private law, that is, attempting to vindicate a nondomination principle in the context of employment by regulating specific acts of employers. Alternatively, we might understand employment relationships to define group membership, commonly recognized along class lines. In that case, employment law is not about individual nondomination but about mitigating class subordination. It might do this in service of the antisubordination principle, or in order to ensure that employees are capable and ready to exercise the responsibilities of democratic citizenship. While these various purposes largely coincide, there are points of normative divergence which sometimes require that we prioritize one or other function of employment law over the others. (shrink)No categories
- The development of the concept of maya and avidya with special reference to the concept of vivarta: an interpretation of Sankara philosophy.Aditi De -1982 - [Patna]: De.
- The philosophy of mathematics education by Paul Ernest.Aditi Gowri -1994 -Social Epistemology 8 (2):139 – 150.
- Voluntary Obligation and Contract.Aditi Bagchi -2019 -Theoretical Inquiries in Law 20 (2):433-455.Absent mistake or misrepresentation, most scholars assume that parties who agree to contract do so voluntarily. Scholars tend further to regard that choice as an important exercise in moral agency. Hanoch Dagan and Michael Heller are right to question the quality of our choices. Where the fundamental contours of the transaction are legally determined, parties have little opportunity to exercise autonomous choice over the terms on which they deal with others. To the extent that our choices in contract do not (...) reflect our individual moral constitutions — our values, virtues, vices, the set of reasons we reject and the set of reasons we endorse — we are not justified in regulating contracts reluctantly. Contracts are entitled to the privilege of liberal regulatory deference only to the extent that they are the work product of individual autonomy. The assumption that contract is voluntary does enormous work in most normative theories of contract. This Article takes still more seriously the obstacles to autonomous choice that contracting parties face. The most important constraints are not in contract law itself but in the material and moral imperatives that dictate parties’ contracting preferences. Many contracts are driven by circumstantial considerations or actual background obligations. While these contracts are not wholly lacking in the element of voluntariness, we should distinguish them from those choices — and those contracts — which more fully realize our potential to self-consciously author our relations with others. Autonomous choice in contract requires more than Dagan and Heller imply, and it is likely beyond the power of contract law standing alone to deliver it. (shrink)No categories
- Abrogating Article 370 and Kashmir’s exceptionalism: a critical analysis of India’s bodies politic.Aditi Bhatia -2025 -Critical Discourse Studies 22 (2):167-182.On 5th August 2019, India’s Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) government, under the direction of Prime Minister Narendra Modi, revoked Kashmir’s special status in a bid to integrate its Muslim-majority...No categories
- Towards a moral ecology: What is the relationship between collective and human agents?Aditi Gowri -1997 -Social Epistemology 11 (1):73 – 95.
- Contract as Procedural Justice.Aditi Bagchi -2016 -Jurisprudence 7 (1):47-84.The premise of contract law is that the redistribution of entitlements that results from contract is justified by the process of agreement. But theories of contract differ importantly on how and when voluntary exchange justifies a resorting of entitlements. Pure theories regard the principles of contract as essentially derivative from some aspect of the principle of autonomy; contracting parties’ intent to assume legal obligation is in principle necessary and sufficient for its enforcement. Perfect theories do not view contract as self-justifying (...) but regard the process of agreement as reliable evidence that contracts are welfare-improving. This article demonstrates the limitations of pure and perfect views. It favours instead imperfect theories of contract, which would have judges self-consciously pursue the normative ends of contract law as they apply context-sensitive rules. (shrink)
- Education for All: How Schooling Is Creating Social Changes for Lowered-Caste Girls in Rural India.Aditi Ashok Arur &Joan Dejaeghere -2020 -Gender and Society 34 (6):951-975.Arguments for the expansion of formal schooling have long focused on individual outcomes from schooling, including increasing income, reducing poverty, delaying marriage, and improving health, particularly for girls and women. For nearly three decades now, global education agendas have supported girls’ education in an effort to achieve these outcomes. A large body of research analyzes girls’ individual empowerment from schooling, but less attention is given to how schooling is creating change in families and communities, particularly for lowered-caste girls in India. (...) This article places longitudinal data from a three-year qualitative interview study of schoolgirls in Rajasthan alongside qualitative life-history interviews of girls who completed secondary school in Uttarakhand to understand how schooling affects social changes for lower castes. The analysis, using an intersectional and relational approach, illustrates how girls’ schooling shifts kin and caste relations connected to marriage and work but in ways that do not transform the stickiness of caste and gender norms. We argue that educational policies and programs must attend to the ways in which caste is implicated in achieving outcomes of delayed marriage and formal employment for lowered-caste girls in Indian communities if schooling is to create positive social change. (shrink)No categories
- “Om”: Singing Vedic Philosophy for Music Education.Aditi Gopinathan &Leonard Tan -2023 -Philosophy of Music Education Review 31 (1):4-24.Extending a nascent line of Asian philosophical research in music education, we mine Indian philosophies of music and education. Three key questions guide our project: What are Vedic philosophies of music? What are Vedic philosophies of education? Taken together, what insights can we draw for contemporary music education writ large? To address our questions, we analyze key passages from the Upanishads and synthesize ideas from these texts. A quartet of inter-related ideas emerge from our analysis: the guru, the shishya, vidya, (...) and moksha. In brief, the guru (teacher) is revered as one would god, for it is the teacher who leads the shishya (student) toward vidya (knowledge) and through that toward moksha (liberation of the soul), which can also be attained via making music, such as the singing of Om (the absolute sound). In addition to proffering insights for contemporary music education, particularly in terms of how the ancient Vedic guru-shishya parampara adds nuance to contemporary discussions on the master-apprentice model of music education, we imagine how music education philosophy might look like if it were to be sung. (shrink)
- Six Kleptocratic Continua.Aditi Gowri -2005 -Journal of Business Ethics 60 (4):411-421.This article suggests that criminality in leaders might best be understood by ethicists as a matter of degree. Leaders may take without legitimate claim a variety of tangible or intangible goods including ideas and personal health. The extent to which any such act should be disfavoured is subject to debate. Moreover, both theft and control may be understood as continuous phenomena. Kleptocratic regimes within workplace or family may foster in people a habit of accepting similar treatment from economic and political (...) leaders at all levels. Forms of governance may be arranged on a continuum from those that serve to those that exploit their subjects. Responses to kleptocratic regimes range from acceptance through unconscious and conscious resistance to violent revolt. (shrink)
- A view into the fray : lived testimony of minorities in the UK peace, security and foreign policymaking fields.Aditi Gupta &Mélina Villeneuve -2024 - In Hannah Partis-Jennings & Clara Eroukhmanoff,Feminist policymaking in turbulent times: critical perspectives. New York, NY: Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group.Export citation
Bookmark - The idea of justice.Amartya Sen -2009 - Cambridge: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press.And in this book the distinguished scholar Amartya Sen offers a powerful critique of the theory of social justice that, in its grip on social and political ...
- A psychological account of the unique decline in anti-gay attitudes.Victor Kumar,Aditi Kodipady &Liane Young -2025 -Philosophical Psychology 38 (4):1391-1425.Anti-gay attitudes have declined in the U.S. The magnitude, speed, and demographic scope of this change have been impressive especially in comparison with prejudice against other marginalized groups. We develop a philosophically-informed psychological account of the unique decline in anti-gay bias in the context of important cultural and political conditions. We highlight two key psychological mechanisms: interpersonal connection and social category classification. First, many people have discovered that a close friend, family member, or admired individual is gay, motivating them to (...) identify the harm and discrimination faced by the individual they know, and catalyzing moral consistency reasoning such that they generalize this interpersonal insight to strangers. Second, many people have taken an essentialist stance toward social categories, including sexual orientation, leading them to infer that being gay is genetically determined and not subject to free choice or moral responsibility, nor mutable and worth attempting to change. We contrast this with the relationship between essentialism and attitudes toward women and people of color, and provide an account of the difference. This psychological account has implications for the future decline of anti-gay attitudes, in the U.S. and other countries, along with the nascent decline of anti-trans attitudes. (shrink)
- Ryōsen bunshū.Ryōsen Tsunashima -1905 - Tōkyō: Hidaka Yūrindō.No categoriesExport citation Bookmark
- Viii the impossibility of a Paretian liberal* Amartya Sen.Amartya Sen -1979 - In Frank Hahn & Martin Hollis,Philosophy and economic theory. New York: Oxford University Press. pp. 78--127.
- Book review: Chris Featherman, Discourses of Ideology and Identity: Social Media and the Iranian Election Protests. [REVIEW]Aditi Bhatia -2017 -Discourse and Communication 11 (3):330-332.No categories
- Catalogus Catalogorum of Bengali Manuscripts. Volume I. Bāṅglā Puthira Tālikā Samanvaya, Prathama KhaṇdaCatalogus Catalogorum of Bengali Manuscripts. Volume I. Bangla Puthira Talika Samanvaya, Prathama Khanda. [REVIEW]Aditi Nath Sarkar &Jatindra Mohan Bhattacharjee -1981 -Journal of the American Oriental Society 101 (4):500.No categories
- Symposium on Amartya Sen's philosophy: 4 reply.Amaryta Sen -2001 -Economics and Philosophy 17 (1):51-66.I am most grateful to Elizabeth Anderson (2000), Philip Pettit (2000) and Thomas Scanlon (2000) for making such insightful and penetrating comments on my work and the related literature. I have reason enough to be happy, having been powerfully defended in some respects and engagingly challenged in others. I must also take this opportunity of thanking Martha Nussbaum, for not only chairing the session in which these papers were presented followed by a splendid discussion (which she led), but also for (...) taking the initiative, in the first place, to arrange the session. (shrink)
- Speech and spending: Corporate political speech rights under the first amendment. [REVIEW]Aditi Gowri -1998 -Journal of Business Ethics 17 (16):1835-1860.
- Inequality Reexamined.Amartya Sen -1927 - Oxford University Press UK.This book develops some of the most important themes of Sen's works over the last decade. He argues in a rich and subtle approach that we should be concerned with people's capabilities rather than their resources or welfare.
- Protection against enforced disappearance : need of the hour.Asawari G. Abhyankar &Aditi Tulsyan -2021 - In Sibnath Deb & G. Subhalakshmi,Delivering justice: issues and concerns. London: Routledge.Export citation Bookmark
- Justice, Human Rights, and Reconciliation in Postconflict Cambodia.Susan Dicklitch &Aditi Malik -2010 -Human Rights Review 11 (4):515-530.Retribution? Restitution? Reconciliation? “Justice” comes in many forms as witnessed by the spike in war crimes tribunals, Truth & Reconciliation Commissions, hybrid tribunals and genocide trials. Which, if any form is appropriate should be influenced by the culture of the people affected. It took Cambodia over three decades to finally address the ghosts of its Khmer Rouge past with the creation of a hybrid Khmer Rouge Tribunal. But how meaningful is justice to the majority of survivors of the Khmer Rouge (...) auto-genocide when only a handful of top officials are tried? Further, given the persistent abuse of political and economic rights in post-conflict Cambodia, we are skeptical that justice or reconciliation is presently possible. (shrink)
- Fabricating the American Dream in US media portrayals of Syrian refugees: A discourse analytical study.Christopher J. Jenks &Aditi Bhatia -2018 -Discourse and Communication 12 (3):221-239.The months preceding and following the inauguration of Donald Trump as the 45th President of the United States have incited furious debate about the authenticity of media discourse in the shaping of reality, including in particular the reporting of refugees from predominantly Muslim regions and their resettlement in Western nations. Much of this debate is rooted in how opposing discourse clans, such as liberal and conservative ideologies, construct a narrative of nationhood around contested views of refugees. Examining mainstream and alternative (...) media from a critical discourse analytic perspective, the article uncovers how two key narratives about the Syrian refugee crisis emerge when the media attempt to orient their respective audiences to government policy through the discursive formation of the American Dream. Drawing on aspects of historicity, linguistic and semiotic action, and social impact, the analysis of the data reveals a discursive fracas between a humanistic perspective on the crisis that exploits a banal understanding of the American Dream and a more dichotomous narrative that homogenises refugees as a threat to the American way of life. These observations add to the growing body of literature that questions the ways in which the media discursively shapes, and is shaped by, political ideologies. (shrink)No categories
- The minimal unit of phonological encoding: prosodic or lexical word.Linda R. Wheeldon &Aditi Lahiri -2002 -Cognition 85 (2):B31-B41.
- On Economic Inequality.Amartya Sen -1997 - Clarendon Press.Based on the 1972 Radcliffe Lectures, this book presents a systematic treatment of the conceptual framework as well as the practical problems of measurement of inequality.
- Internal consistency of choice.Amartya Sen -1993 -Econometrica 61:495–521.
- Realism, responses and reactions: essays in honour of Pranab Kumar Sen.Pranab Kumar Sen &D. P. Chattopadhyaya (eds.) -2000 - New Delhi: Sole distributor, Munshiram Manoharlal.Illustrations: 1 B/w Illustration Description: Pranab Kumar Sen, Professor Emeritus, Jadavpur University in whose honour this volume has been prepared was one of the leading philosophers of our country and a highly respected teacher. It carries thirty-five articles which deal with different branches of philosophy,viz., philosophical logic, philosophy of language, ontology, theory of knowledge, Kant exegesis, moral philosophy, social philosophy, philosophy of art. As Sen's philosophical interests and expertise were wide the authors had ample freedom in their choice of topics. (...) This volume will be of interest to those who are acquainted with sophisticated literature in analytic philosophy, scholars working in different branches of philosophy and also general readers of modern philosophy. (shrink)
- Equality of what?Amartya Sen -1987 - In John Rawls & Sterling M. McMurrin,Liberty, equality, and law: selected Tanner lectures on moral philosophy. Salt Lake City: University of Utah Press.
- Discursive Illusions in Legislative Discourse: A Socio-Pragmatic Study. [REVIEW]Aditi Bhatia &Vijay K. Bhatia -2011 -International Journal for the Semiotics of Law - Revue Internationale de Sémiotique Juridique 24 (1):1-19.This paper takes the position that interpretations of legal discourse are invariably taken in the context of socio-pragmatic realities to which a particular instance of discourse applies. What makes this process even more complicated is the fact that social realities themselves are often negotiated within the mould of one’s subjective conceptualisations of reality. Institutions and organisations, including people in power, often represent socio-political realities from an ideologically fuelled perspective, engendering many ‘illusory’ categories often a result of contested versions of reality. (...) To substantiate this view, we discuss interpretations of a number of interesting contemporary and controversial laws, including America’s Patriot Act and Hong Kong’s proposed Article 23 of the Basic Law. Both laws can be seen as illustrative of the definitional conflict that abstract concepts such as democracy and human rights are subjected to in their own specific socio-political contexts. While America crowns itself with democracy and Hong Kong struggles to achieve it in effective synthesis with its unique political arrangement, the laws produced by both contrasting political systems are unexpectedly similar, aiming for the moderation of basic rights. The actions of both governments set against their beliefs and discourses, and furthermore set against one another and other media voices, particularly those of non-governmental organisations, political activists, and other socio-political groups, demonstrate contestation of realities, giving rise to ‘discursive illusions’, which seem to be interpreted not so much on the basis of their linguistic construction but more on the basis of socio-pragmatic factors, such as trust, belief, transparency, control and power. (shrink)
- Commodities and Capabilities.Amartya Sen -1985 - Oxford University Press India.Commodities and Capabilities presents a set of inter-related theses concerning the foundations of welfare economics, and in particular about the assessment of personal well-being and advantage. The argument presented focuses on the capability to function, i.e. what a person can do or can be, questioning in the process the more standard emphasis on opulence or on utility. In fact, a person's motivation behind choice is treated here as a parametric variable which may or may not coincide with the pursuit of (...) self-interest. Given the large number of practical problems arising from the roles and limitations of different concepts of interest and the judgement of advantage and well-being, this scholarly investigation is both of theoretical interest and practical import. (shrink)
- Rational fools: A critique of the behavioral foundations of economic theory.Amartya Sen -1977 -Philosophy and Public Affairs 6 (4):317-344.
- Utilitarianism and Beyond.Amartya Sen &Bernard Williams (eds.) -1982 - New York: Cambridge University Press.A volume of studies of utilitarianism considered both as a theory of personal morality and a theory of public choice. All but two of the papers have been commissioned especially for the volume, and between them they represent not only a wide range of arguments for and against utilitarianism but also a first-class selection of the most interesting and influential work in this very active area. There is also a substantial introduction by the two editors. The volume will constitute an (...) important stimulus and point of reference for a wide range of philosophers, economists and social theorists. (shrink)
- Collective Choice and Social Welfare: An Expanded Edition.Amartya Sen -2017 - Harvard University Press.No categories
- Sur l'économie de marché. Entretien avec Amartya Sen.Amartya Sen,Arjo Klamer &Pierre Lurbe -2000 -Cités 1:179-201.No categories
- XII*—Plural Utility.Amartya Sen -1981 -Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society 81 (1):193-216.Amartya Sen; XII*—Plural Utility, Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society, Volume 81, Issue 1, 1 June 1981, Pages 193–216, https://doi.org/10.1093/aristotelian/.
- Moral Information.Amartya Sen -1985 -Journal of Philosophy 82 (4):169-184.
- Are Authentic Leaders Always Moral? The Role of Machiavellianism in the Relationship Between Authentic Leadership and Morality.Sen Sendjaya,Andre Pekerti,Charmine Härtel,Giles Hirst &Ivan Butarbutar -2016 -Journal of Business Ethics 133 (1):125-139.Drawing on cognitive moral development and moral identity theories, this study empirically examines the moral antecedents and consequences of authentic leadership. Machiavellianism, an individual difference variable relating to the use of the ‘end justifies the means’ principle, is predicted to affect the link between morality and leadership. Analyses of multi-source, multi-method data comprised case studies, simulations, role-playing exercises, and survey questionnaires were completed by 70 managers in a large public agency, and provide support for our hypotheses. Our findings reveal that (...) Machiavellianism offsets the positive relationship between moral reasoning and authentic leadership. Specifically, we show that when Machiavellianism is high, both the positive relationship between moral reasoning and authentic leadership, and the positive relationship between authentic leadership and moral actions, are reversed. This study offers new insights on the underlying processes contributing to the emergence of leaders’ authentic behavior and moral action. Implications for the moral development of leaders, and directions for improved leadership training are provided. (shrink)
- Personal Utilities and Public Judgements: Or What's Wrong With Welfare Economics.Amartya K. Sen -1979 -Economic Journal 89 (355):537-558.
- Well-being, agency and freedom: The Dewey lectures 1984.Amartya Sen -1985 -Journal of Philosophy 82 (4):169-221.
- Human rights and capabilities.Amartya Sen -2009 - In Mark Goodale,Human rights: an anthropological reader. Malden, MA: Wiley-Blackwell.
- On Ethics and Economics.Amartya Sen -1989 -Tijdschrift Voor Filosofie 51 (4):722-723.No categories
- Democracy as a universal value.Amartya Sen -unknownIn the summer of 1997, I was asked by a leading Japanese newspaper what I thought was the most important thing that had happened in the twentieth century. I found this to be an unusually thought-provoking question, since so many things of gravity have happened over the last hundred years. The European empires, especially the British and French ones that had so dominated the nineteenth century, came to an end. We witnessed two world wars. We saw the rise and fall (...) of fascism and Nazism. The century witnessed the rise of communism, and its fall (as in the former Soviet bloc) or radical transformation (as in China). We also saw a shift from the economic dominance of the West to a new economic balance much more dominated by Japan and East and Southeast Asia. Even though that region is going through some financial and economic problems right now, this is not going to nullify the shift in the balance of the world economy that has occurred over many decades (in the case of Japan, through nearly the entire century). The past hundred years are not lacking in important events. (shrink)
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David Bourget (Western Ontario)
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Area Editors:
David Bourget
Gwen Bradford
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James Chase
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Jonathan Ichikawa
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Susana Nuccetelli
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