Results for 'Élise Desaulniers'
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- Natural Food.Antoine C. Dussault &ÉliseDesaulniers -2012 - In Paul B. Thompson & David M. Kaplan,Encyclopedia of Food and Agricultural Ethics. New York: Springer Verlag.
- Elise et Célestin Freinet: correspondance 21 mars 1940-28 octobre 1941.Elise Freinet -2004 - Paris: Presses universitaires de France. Edited by Célestin Freinet & Madeleine Freinet.Célestin Freinet a été arrêté le 20 mars 1940 comme militant communiste, sur ordre du Préfet des Alpes-Maritimes, et interné dans divers camps du sud de la France jusqu'au mois d'octobre 1941. C'est à " former en l'enfant l'homme de demain ", un enfant plus instruit, plus responsable, plus heureux, que s'est attaché cet infatigable promoteur d'une pédagogie nouvelle coopérative. On retrouvera dans ces lettres l'essentiel de la réflexion éducative contenant en germe ses deux ouvrages majeurs, " l'éducation du travail (...) " et " Essai de psychologie sensible ", écrits lorsque Freinet est assigné à résidence en 1941. Mais le témoignage de cet esprit pénétrant et engagé est également remarquable pour sa valeur historique : son regard éclaire sous un jour encore assez peu connu, la misère morale et matérielle des internés, leurs souffrances et leur détresse, leur puissance à résister aussi. Ce volume épistolaire intéressera à la fois tous les curieux de l'œuvre de Freinet, tous ceux que l'éducation nouvelle et la rénovation de l'enseignement préoccupent, et ceux que ne laisse pas indifférents cette période dramatique de notre Histoire racontée au jour le jour, et à laquelle Elise Freinet apporte un écho attentif et émouvant. (shrink)
- Der theaterwissenschaftliche Blick und performative dichte Beschreibung.Elise V. Bernstorff -2019 -Paragrana: Internationale Zeitschrift für Historische Anthropologie 28 (2):23-33.Im Folgenden beschreibt Elise v. Bernstorff den künstlerisch-forschenden Ansatz einer spezifisch theater-/ performancewissenschaftlichen Blickweise in (dem ersten Augenschein nach) theaterfremde Felder und das Interesse, Selbstverständnis, die Voraussetzungen, mit denen sie sich als Theaterwissenschaftlerin in das Feld Schule begibt.No categories
- (2 other versions)Apresentação.Julieta Beatriz RamosDesaulniers -1996 -Veritas – Revista de Filosofia da Pucrs 41 (162):203-204.O presente número da VERITAS reúne a maioria das palestras proferidas por professores e pesquisadores da PUCRS e de outras universidades, junto aos Cursos de Extensão que foram realizados em 1994 e 1995, na PUCRS.*Um autor, uma abordagem: Pierre Bourdieu. *Um autor, uma abordagem: Jürgen Habermas. * Tempo: uma categoria, várias abordagens. Tais cursos foram organizados com o intuito de aprofundar alguns dos pressupostos epistemológicos que embasam as investigações que venho desenvolvendo, juntamente com uma equipe, as quais se articulam à (...) sublinha de pesquisa "formação, trabalho, instituição". Nessa perspectiva, o foco de interesse desses eventos centra-se no referencial teórico-metodológico de autores - Pierre Bourdieu e Jürgen Habermas - e na categoria de análise de caráter universal - o tempo – enquanto fundamentos indispensáveis ao ato de pesquisar. Essa publicação é mérito, em primeiro lugar, do diretor dessa revista que em vários momentos instigou-me a encontrar os meios para realizar esse empreendimento. Em segundo lugar, dos palestrantes que aceitaram produzir um texto sobre o assunto que haviam abordado há alguns meses atrás. Também, é mérito das pessoas que manifestaram interesse em obter o texto das palestras que integraram esses eventos, o que assegurou o ânimo para se concretizar esse trabalho. E, obviamente, é mérito da equipe de bolsistas* que atua junto aos subprojetos que estão em andamento. Por isso, aproveito a oportunidade para expressar a todos os meus sinceros agradecimentos. (shrink)No categories
- A perspectiva habermasiana na investigação científica: Considerações iniciais.Julieta Beatriz RamosDesaulniers -1996 -Veritas – Revista de Filosofia da Pucrs 41 (162):279-280.Destaca-se o significado da teoria geral - como a perspectiva habermasiana à produção dos saberes científicos, que tem o seu aprimoramento garantido pela pesquisa.No categories
- (2 other versions)L'éthique professionnelle en enseignement: fondements et pratiques.Marie-PauleDesaulniers -2006 - Sainte-Foy, Québec: Presses de l'Université du Québec. Edited by France Jutras.En quoi consiste - ou devrait consister - l'éthique professionnelle en enseignement? Comment se manifeste-t-elle dans les gestes pédagogiques? Selon quels critères peut-on la juger? Comment développer l'éthique professionnelle dans le cadre des formations initiale et continue en enseignement? En tenant compte du contexte social et culturel du Québec, des principes éthiques déjà énoncés par le ministère de l'Éducation ainsi que des lois, codes et conventions ayant des incidences sur l'enseignement, les auteures présentent une analyse de ces questions. Elles proposent (...) des clarifications conceptuelles et un certain nombre de repères et de balises afin de guider les enseignants et de stimuler la discussion sur l'agir professionnel dans la classe, dans l'école et dans la société. (shrink)
- Is Gender-Based Violence a Social Norm? Rethinking Power in a Popular Development Intervention.Elise Klein,Kalissa Alexeyeff,Amanda Gilbertson &Amy Piedalue -2020 -Feminist Review 126 (1):89-105.Changing social norms has become the preferred approach in global efforts to prevent gender-based violence (GBV). In this article, we trace the rise of social norms within GBV-related policy and practice and their transformation from social processes that exist in the world to beliefs that exist in the minds of individuals. The analytic framework that underpins social norms approaches has been subject to ongoing critical revision but continues to have significant issues in its conceptualisation of power and its sidelining of (...) the political economy. These issues are particularly apparent in the use of individualised measures of social norms that cannot demonstrate causation, and conflation of social norms with culture. Recognising that the pressure to measure may be a key factor in reducing the complexity of the social norms approach, we call for the use of mixed methods in documenting the factors and processes that contribute to GBV and the effectiveness of interventions. As social norms approaches are increasingly prioritised over addressing the non-normative contributors to GBV (such as access to and control over productive resources), awareness of the limitations of social norms approaches is vital. (shrink)No categories
- Comparative reflection on the transposition of European directives : unfair terms.Elise Poillot -2009 - In Albert Breton,Multijuralism: manifestations, causes, and consequences. Burlington. VT: Ashgate.Export citation
Bookmark - Realism with Quantum Faces: The Leggett–Garg Inequalities as a Case Study for Feyerabend's Views.Elise Crull -2024 -International Studies in the Philosophy of Science 37 (4):195-217.In this paper I attempt to broaden Feyerabend scholarship by asking whether and how Feyerabend's philosophy of science, in particular his commitments to realism and pluralism about scientific theories as well as anarchism about scientific methods, is borne out in multidisciplinary research concerning the Leggett–Garg inequalities. These inequalities were derived explicitly to be a temporal analogue to Bell's inequalities: the viability of macroscopic realism is tested against the predictions of quantum mechanics by performing a series measurements on a macroscopic variable (...) of one system at different time intervals, then evaluating correlations among resultant values. In the nearly forty years since Leggett and Garg's paper, questions continue to be raised whether common tests of these inequalities reveal genuine violations or merely experimental disturbances. There is also much debate about what genuine violations in fact signify, if (as most agree) they are not straight-forwardly analogous to Bell tests. Taking this fascinating and as yet largely unsettled episode from physics as a case study, I derive three Feyerabendian lessons that demonstrate the relevance of his views even today. (shrink)
- (1 other version)Why Double-Check?Elise Woodard -2022 -Episteme:1-24.Can you rationally double-check what you already know? In this paper, I argue that you can. Agents can know that something is true and rationally double-check it at the very same time. I defend my position by considering a wide variety of cases where agents double-check their beliefs to gain epistemic improvements beyond knowledge. These include certainty, epistemic resilience, and sensitivity to error. Although this phenomenon is widespread, my proposal faces two types of challenges. First, some have defended ignorance norms, (...) on which agents are only allowed to inquire about things they don't already know. Second – motivated by strong conceptions of belief or pragmatic encroachment – some have argued that double-checking destroys knowledge. I argue that these competing views fail to capture both the epistemic value of double-checking and the many reasons why agents might double-check. Moreover, they rely on overly strong assumptions about what inquiry, knowledge, or belief requires. Finally, I marshal linguistic data in favor of the compatibility of knowledge and double-checking. (shrink)
- The Ignorance Norm and Paradoxical Assertions.Elise Woodard -2022 -Philosophical Topics 49 (2):321-332.Can agents rationally inquire into things that they know? On my view, the answer is yes. Call this view the Compatibility Thesis. One challenge to this thesis is to explain why assertions like “I know that p, but I’m wondering whether p” sound odd, if not Moore-Paradoxical. In response to this challenge, I argue that we can reject one or both premises that give rise to it. First, we can deny that inquiry requires interrogative attitudes. Second, we can deny the (...) ignorance norm, on which agents are not permitted to both know and have interrogative attitudes, such as wondering. I argue that there are compelling reasons to deny the former and reasons to question the latter. Both options pave the way for further work on further inquiry. (shrink)
- Authorship and Responsibility in Health Sciences Research: A Review of Procedures for Fairly Allocating Authorship in Multi-Author Studies.Elise Smith &Bryn Williams-Jones -2012 -Science and Engineering Ethics 18 (2):199-212.While there has been significant discussion in the health sciences and ethics literatures about problems associated with publication practices (e.g., ghost- and gift-authorship, conflicts of interest), there has been relatively little practical guidance developed to help researchers determine how they should fairly allocate credit for multi-authored publications. Fair allocation of credit requires that participating authors be acknowledged for their contribution and responsibilities, but it is not obvious what contributions should warrant authorship, nor who should be responsible for the quality and (...) content of the scientific research findings presented in a publication. In this paper, we review arguments presented in the ethics and health science literatures, and the policies or guidelines proposed by learned societies and journals, in order to explore the link between author contribution and responsibility in multi-author multidisciplinary health science publications. We then critically examine the various procedures used in the field to help researchers fairly allocate authorship. (shrink)
- « La vérité du scepticisme », le destin d'une expression.Élise Domenach -2011 -Revue Internationale de Philosophie 256 (2):201-220.
- The inhibitory spillover effect: Controlling the bladder makes better liars.Elise Fenn,Iris Blandón-Gitlin,Jennifer Coons,Catherine Pineda &Reinalyn Echon -2015 -Consciousness and Cognition 37:112-122.
- Concepts of Truth in Schelling, Reinhold, and Hegel.Elise Frketich -2023 - In Martin Bondeli & Dirk Westerkamp,Vorstellung, Denken, Sprache: Reinholds Philosophie zwischen rationalem Realismus und transzendentalem Idealismus. De Gruyter. pp. 157-174.No categories
- Madness in General: The role of the heart for Conciousness.Elise Frketich -2012 -Hegel-Jahrbuch 2012 (1):98-102.No categories
- Critical Virtue: Evaluative Moves and the Emergence of Moral Agency.Elise Springer -2000 - Dissertation, The University of ConnecticutMoral theories often take the guidance of individual conduct as their central task, and seek to provide grounds for confidence in deliberation. Yet they are inevitably also drawn into justifying our reactions to and interventions in one another's actions. This dissertation takes critical encounters to mark a central aspect of moral life. Yet standard deontological and consequentialist theories fall short of providing conceptual tools adequate for reflection on this aspect, and virtue theory is surprisingly undeveloped here. I develop a naturalistic (...) account of the capacities and virtues of critical engagement, and suggest some consequences in ethics and metaethics. ;Critical processes are often inarticulate, being experientially and historically prior to moral theory. For example, certain "thick" judgments , conceive a provocation immediately in terms of specific evaluative response-strategies whose fittingness is implicitly honored, but left opaque. Processes of critical response also function inarticulately on a much larger scale, sparking long-term projects, convictions, and identities of solidarity and resistance. A proper-function account of critical agency illuminates our intuitive attachments to critical response patterns, while suggesting some senses in which they can fail. ;Meanwhile, articulated moral judgments have a problematic role in critical engagement. They can be understood as signs with descriptive content, but such content cannot be interpreted without attention to how the thought or claim is historically poised to be put to use or "taken up" in subsequent attitudes and activity. I highlight the fragility of the historical, social, and psychological contexts in which moral verdicts engage effectively with their audiences. ;I argue against identifying the critical moral domain by way of its connection to any fixed set of reactive attitudes, such as resentment and guilt . Moral complexity and critical virtue emerge as critical agency acquires certain new formal dimensions. Subtleties of critical virtue include a capacity for engaged ambivalence, interest in the genealogy of our attitudes and norms, and an ability to apprehend and reconstruct strands of critical moral agency where we might otherwise have been tempted to diagnose brute moral error. (shrink)Export citation Bookmark
- La « jungle » de Calais.Élise Pestre &Guillaume Wavelet -2025 -Multitudes 97 (4):91-96.En 2016, au plus fort de la crise de l’accueil des réfugiés en Europe, Elise Pestre, psychanalyste et maîtresse de conférences à l’Université Paris Cité, participe à une recherche transdisciplinaire qui a comme terrain le « territoire-symptôme » de la « Jungle » de Calais et de quelques autres « zones-frontières ». En 2022, elle publie La vie dans la jungle aux PUF, ouvrage dans lequel elle rend compte de son expérience de psychanalyste plongée dans l’épaisseur de la frontière. Cet (...) entretien revient avec elle sur cette expérience et ce projet de recherche. (shrink)No categories
- A Semantic Approach to Non-prioritized Belief Revision.Elise Perrotin &Fernando R. Velázquez-Quesada -2021 -Logic Journal of the IGPL 29 (4):644-671.Belief revision is concerned with belief change fired by incoming information. Despite the variety of frameworks representing it, most revision policies share one crucial feature: incoming information outweighs current information and hence, in case of conflict, incoming information will prevail. However, if one is interested in representing the way actual humans revise their beliefs, one might not always want for the agent to blindly believe everything they are told. This manuscript presents a semantic approach to non-prioritized belief revision. It uses (...) plausibility models for depicting an agent’s beliefs, and model operations for displaying the way beliefs change. The first proposal, semantically-based screened revision, compares the current model with the one the revision would yield, accepting or rejecting the incoming information depending on whether the ‘differences’ between these models go beyond a given threshold. The second proposal, semantically-based gradual revision, turns the binary decision of acceptance or rejection into a more general setting in which a revision always occurs, with the threshold used rather to choose ‘the right revision’ for the given input and model. (shrink)
- Bad Sex and Consent.Elise Woodard -2022 - In David Boonin,Handbook of Sexual Ethics. Palgrave. pp. 301--324.It is widely accepted that consent is a normative power. For instance, consent can make an impermissible act permissible. In the words of Heidi Hurd, it “turns a trespass into a dinner party... an invasion of privacy into an intimate moment.” In this chapter, I argue against the assumption that consent has such robust powers for moral transformation. In particular, I argue that there is a wide range of sex that harms or wrongs victims despite being consensual. Moreover, these cases (...) are not limited to those where con- sent is vitiated by background conditions. I start by calling this category of consensual sex Bad Sex. I then distinguish subspecies of this category, including psychological pressure, social coercion, and epistemically unsafe sex. I end by responding to an objection on which we should treat at least some subspecies of Bad Sex as rape. Though this alternative proposal is often motivated by ameliorative and strategic considerations, I argue that such considerations actually count against collapsing the categories of Bad Sex and rape. (shrink)
- Tempo E construção do social.Julieta Beatriz RamosDesaulniers -1996 -Veritas – Revista de Filosofia da Pucrs 41 (162):355-360.Esse texto comenta alguns dos pressupostos do pensamento científico.e expõe como alguns cientistas têm procedido em seus estudos e pesquisas. Para capturar as principais dimensões do tempo que configuram a construção do social, ainda, tece algumas considerações sobre as possibilidades de convergência, entre as diversas áreas das Ciências Humanas e Sociais, quando pesquisas privilegiam o tempo - uma categoria de análise de caráter universal e, por isso, capaz de articular as várias áreas da ciência.No categories
- A good death: improving care inch-by-inch.Elise Ayers,Joan Harrold &Joanne Lynn -1997 -Bioethics Forum 13 (1):38.
- Rights and value in rescission : some implications for unjust enrichment.Elise Bant -2011 - In Donal Nolan & Andrew Robertson,Rights and private law. Portland, Oregon: Hart.No categoriesExport citation Bookmark
- Les enjeux de la compétence éthique dans la formation des enseignants.M. P.Desaulniers,F. Jutras &G. A. Legault -2005 - In Christiane Gohier & Denis Jeffrey,Enseigner et former à l'éthique. Saint-Foy, Québec: Presses de l'Université Laval. pp. 131--147.No categoriesExport citation Bookmark
- The Rôle of Axiotherapy in the Treatment of Modern Ailments.Lawrence B.DeSaulniers -1987 -New Scholasticism 61 (2):208-217.
- Tempo - Uma categoria, várias abordagens.Julieta Beatriz RamosDesaulniers -1996 -Veritas – Revista de Filosofia da Pucrs 41 (162):315-321.O presente artigo aborda o tempo enquanto uma categoria de análise, de interesse universal, com possibilidades de oferecer uma compreensão globalizante dos fenômenos. Já que integra a realidade como um todo. Assim, as várias áreas da ciência têm condições de articular-se através de estudos e pesquisas que privilegiam o tempo, pois é uma categoria que se constrói na multiplicidade e, por isso, expressa/condensa as inúmeras dimensões que compõem o real.No categories
- Evolutionary modules and Bayesian facilitation: The role of general cognitive resources.Elise Lesage,Gorka Navarrete &Wim De Neys -2013 -Thinking and Reasoning 19 (1):27 - 53.(2013). Evolutionary modules and Bayesian facilitation: The role of general cognitive resources. Thinking & Reasoning: Vol. 19, No. 1, pp. 27-53. doi: 10.1080/13546783.2012.713177.
- Toward a Postmodernist View of Conflict of Interest: Comment on “Toward a Sociology of Conflict of Interest in Medical Research” by Sarah Winch and Michael Sinnott.Elise Smith -2012 -Journal of Bioethical Inquiry 9 (2):223-224.Toward a Postmodernist View of Conflict of Interest Content Type Journal Article Category Case Studies Pages 1-2 DOI 10.1007/s11673-012-9359-x Authors Elise Smith, Doctorat en sciences humaines appliquées, option bioéthique, Programmes de bioéthique, Département de médecine sociale et préventive, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, succ. Centre-ville, Montréal, Québec, Canada H3C 3J7 Journal Journal of Bioethical Inquiry Online ISSN 1872-4353 Print ISSN 1176-7529.
- Wolff and Kant on the Mathematical Method.Elise Frketich -2019 -Kant Studien 110 (3):333-356.Wolff advocates the mathematical method, which consists in chains of syllogisms that proceed from axioms and definitions to theorems, for achieving scientific certainty in branches of philosophy like ontology and physics. By contrast, in ‘The Discipline of Pure Reason in its Dogmatic Use’ Kant significantly limits the efficacy of this method in philosophy. In this paper I investigate an under-examined result of the Discipline: Kant’s claim that his system of philosophy does not contain “dogmata”. By identifying “dogmata” in Wolff’s system (...) of physics, I argue that, for Kant, they are propositions that uncritically deploy ideas of reason. I conclude that the Discipline extends criticisms raised in the Transcendental Dialectic to any erroneous use of the mathematical method in philosophy. (shrink)
- Effectivity functions and efficient coalitions in Boolean games.Elise Bonzon,Marie-Christine Lagasquie-Schiex &Jérôme Lang -2012 -Synthese 187 (S1):73-103.Boolean games are a logical setting for representing strategic games in a succinct way, taking advantage of the expressive power and conciseness of propositional logic. A Boolean game consists of a set of players, each of which controls a set of propositional variables and has a specific goal expressed by a propositional formula. We show here that Boolean games are a very simple setting, yet sophisticated enough, for analysing the formation of coalitions. Due to the fact that players have dichotomous (...) preferences, the following notion emerges naturally: a coalition in a Boolean game is efficient if it has the power to guarantee that all goals of the members of the coalition are satisfied. We study the properties of efficient coalitions. (shrink)
- New Frames of Reference for a Peaceful International Order.Elise Boulding -1984 -Dialectics and Humanism 11 (2):447-455.
- L'ordinaire de Stanley Cavell comme lieu d'une anthropologie sceptique.Elise Domenach -2006 - In Claude Gautier & Sandra Laugier,L'ordinaire et le politique. Paris: Presses universitaires de France.Export citation Bookmark
- Sandra Laugier, Du réel à l'ordinaire. Quelle philosophie du langage aujourd'hui?Elise Domenach -2000 -Revue Philosophique De Louvain 98 (2):385-390.No categories
- Scepticisme, sens commun et langage ordinaire : le difficile héritage du « furieux sens commun de Moore » dans la philosophie américaine contemporaine.Élise Domenach -2006 -Revue de Métaphysique et de Morale 3 (3):385-397.
- A Womanist Consideration of Architecture and the Common Good.Elise M. Edwards -2020 -Journal of the Society of Christian Ethics 40 (2):255-272.Womanist religious thought centers the experiences of black women but addresses the holistic liberation of communities from multiple and hybridized religious, spiritual, and cultural identities, offering valuable insight for examining the moral aims of the common good and identifying challenges to the good of particular communities. This paper offers a womanist analysis of prevailing conceptions of the common good and accounts of architecture and urban planning’s relation to the common good and civic virtue within the work of Christian theologians. It (...) explores the architectural implications of the common good from a womanist lens and articulates a liberatory vision of the common good and its relation to architectural design and construction. Womanist critiques and insights suggest that the spirituality and participation of common people are vital for shaping architecture for the common good, especially as it addresses whose interests are to be served and how common ground is pursued. (shrink)No categories
- When the Law Does Not Secure Justice or Peace: Requiem as Aesthetic Response.Elise M. Edwards -2015 -Journal of the Society of Christian Ethics 35 (2):63-81.This essay assesses the possibilities for poetic-liturgical compositions, such as requiems, to promote Christian public engagement when legal frameworks are perceived to be inadequate for securing justice. This essay addresses the perception that legal statutes and procedures failed to honor the personhood of two particular African American males and discusses how aesthetic responses have been used to counter the devaluing of their lives. One such response, Marilyn Nelson's poem Fortune's Bones: The Manumission Requiem, questions the law's failure to protect an (...) eighteenth-century enslaved man. Another requiem memorializes Michael Brown after the teen's killing by a police officer in 2014. This essay discusses these particular aesthetic responses and then evaluates the possibilities for the requiem as a Christian practice of civic engagement by appropriating Charles Mathewes's articulation of hopeful citizenship. In cases when the law is perceived to be complicit in devaluing African American personhood, liturgy can be a meaningful Christian response. (shrink)
- (1 other version)Les femmes et le vieillissement dans la France du premier XXe siècle.Elise Feller -1998 -Clio: A Journal of Literature, History, and the Philosophy of History 1:13-13.Le vieillissement de la population que connaît la France au début du XXe siècle donne lieu à la mise en accusation des femmes, notamment des femmes âgées, qui commencent à vieillir plus nombreuses et plus longtemps que les hommes. La vieillesse des femmes, définie par des critères conventionnels autant que biologiques, dévaluée sur le plan social, ignorée sur le plan médical, figée dans des représentations péjoratives, devient un moment particulièrement sensible de leur cycle de vie où, au-delà des contraintes et (...) des soumissions de leur vie adulte, se dessine pour elles la possibilité de transgresser ou de recomposer les rôles traditionnels. Alors que se met en place une protection sociale étroitement liée à la salarisation de la main-d’oeuvre, l’évolution des systèmes de retraite marginalisent, non seulement les plus âgées, mais l’ensemble des femmes dont la fonction sociale n’est pas reconnue. A travers le problème du vieillissement et de la vieillesse se joue à de multiples niveaux la question du statut des femmes dans nos sociétés occidentales. (shrink)No categories
- Part III. Reuse of (Catholic) texts after the Reformation. The infant Jesus and his mother in late mediaeval and early modern Scandinavian book culture.Elise Kleivane &Svanhildur Óskarsdóttir -2019 - In Mikko Kauko, Miika Norro, Kirsi-Maria Nummila, Tanja Toropainen & Tuomo Fonsén,Languages in the Lutheran Reformation: textual networks and the spread of ideas. Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press.Export citation Bookmark
- Du Monde qui ne va pas Sans Dire.Élise Marrou -forthcoming -Journal of Ancient Philosophy:268-282.No categories
- Présentation mythes du donné? Sellars en perspective.Élise Marrou -2012 -Les Etudes Philosophiques 103 (4):435-453.
- Solipsism from a logical point of view: the limits of sense reconsidered.Elise Marrou -2015 - In Danièle Moyal-Sharrock, Volker Munz & Annalisa Coliva,Mind, Language and Action: Proceedings of the 36th International Wittgenstein Symposium. Boston: De Gruyter. pp. 119-136.
- Epistemic Atonement.Elise Woodard -2023 - In Russ Shafer-Landau,Oxford Studies in Metaethics Volume 18. Oxford University Press.When we think about agents who change a long-standing belief, we sometimes have conflicting reactions. On the one hand, such agents often epistemically improve. For example, their new belief may be better supported by the evidence or closer to the truth. On the other hand, such agents are often subject to criticism. Examples include politicians who change their minds on whether climate change is occurring or whether vaccines cause autism. What explains this criticism, and is it ever justified? To answer (...) these questions, I introduce the notion of epistemic atonement. By epistemic atonement, I mean the process of making up for one’s previous epistemic failures, including believing badly. Central to my account is the idea that epistemic atonement requires restoring trust and indicating trustworthiness. I flesh out my proposal by drawing on philosophical and empirical literature on apologies, demonstrating that epistemic blame and atonement parallels the moral domain in various under-appreciated respects. (shrink)
- Differing Connectivity of Exner’s Area for Numbers and Letters.Elise Klein,Klaus Willmes,Stefanie Jung,Stefan Huber,Lucia W. Braga &Korbinian Moeller -2016 -Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 10.
- What's Wrong with Partisan Deference?Elise Woodard -forthcoming - In Tamar Szabó Gendler, John Hawthorne, Julianne Chung & Alex Worsnip,Oxford Studies in Epistemology, Vol. 8. Oxford University Press.Deference in politics is often necessary. To answer questions like, “Should the government increase the federal minimum wage?” and “Should the state introduce a vaccine mandate?”, we need to know relevant scientific and economic facts, make complex value judgments, and answer questions about incentives and implementation. Lay citizens typically lack the time, resources, and competence to answer these questions on their own. Hence, they must defer to others. But to whom should they defer? A common answer is that they should—or (...) are at least permitted to—defer to co-partisans. This view initially seems attractive on both normative and empirical grounds. Against this, I argue that deference to co-partisans has overlooked moral and epistemic problems. In light of them, I propose several new ways to revise our expectations of citizens in a democracy both individually and institutionally. (shrink)
- A puzzle about fickleness.Elise Woodard -2020 -Noûs 56 (2):323-342.In this paper, I motivate a puzzle about epistemic rationality. On the one hand, there seems to be something problematic about frequently changing your mind. On the other hand, changing your mind once is often permissible. Why do one-off changes of mind seem rationally permissible, even admirable, while constant changes seem quintessentially irrational? The puzzle of fickleness is to explain this asymmetry. To solve the puzzle, I propose and defend the Ratifiable Reasoning Account. According to this solution, as agents redeliberate, (...) they gain two types of evidence. First, they gain inductive evidence that they will not stably settle their belief. Second, this inductive evidence affords higher-order evidence that they are unreliable at assessing the matter at hand. The fact that fickle agents gain this higher-order evidence explains why fickleness can be epistemically—not just practically—irrational. In addition to solving the puzzle, my account captures a wide range of contextual factors that are relevant for our judgments. (shrink)
- Exploring Philosophical Implications of Quantum Decoherence.Elise M. Crull -2013 -Philosophy Compass 8 (9):875-885.Quantum decoherence is receiving a great deal of attention today not only in theoretical and experimental physics but also in branches of science as diverse as molecular biology, biochemistry, and even neuropsychology. It is no surprise that it is also beginning to appear in various philosophical debates concerning the fundamental structure of the world. The purpose of this article is primarily to acquaint non-specialists with quantum decoherence and clarify related concepts, and secondly to sketch its possible implications – independent of (...) particular interpretations of quantum mechanics – for broader philosophical debates. For example, decoherence shows that any method of parsing nature into levels or parts cannot be in principle but instead derives from our perception of the world as classical, a perception that is itself sustained by the process of decoherence. (shrink)
- A parametrized ranking-based semantics compatible with persuasion principles.Elise Bonzon,Jérôme Delobelle,Sébastien Konieczny &Nicolas Maudet -2021 -Argument and Computation 12 (1):49-85.In this work, we question the ability of existing ranking-based semantics to capture persuasion settings, emphasising in particular the phenomena of procatalepsis and of fading. Some widely accepted principles of ranking-based semantics are incompatible with a faithful treatment of these phenomena, which means that no existing ranking-based semantics can capture these two principles together. This motivates us to introduce a new parametrized ranking-based semantics based on the notion of propagation which extends the existing propagation semantics 139–150) by adding an additional (...) parameter allowing us to gradually decrease the impact of arguments when the length of the path between two arguments increases. We show that this parameter gives the possibility of choosing if one wants to satisfy the property Void Precedence or not and to control the scope of the impact of the arguments. We also propose an experiment to show that the new semantics remains stable when this parameter varies and an axiomatic evaluation to compare it with existing ranking-based semantics in the literature. (shrink)
- Why Does Board Gender Diversity Matter and How Do We Get There? The Role of Shareholder Activism in Deinstitutionalizing Old Boys’ Networks.Elise Perrault -2015 -Journal of Business Ethics 128 (1):149-165.This essay bridges together social network and institutional perspectives to examine how women on boards, by breaking up directors’ homophilous networks, contribute to board effectiveness. It proposes that through real and symbolic representations, women enhance perceptions of the board’s instrumental, relational, and moral legitimacy, leading to increased perceptions of the board’s trustworthiness which in turn fosters shareholders’ trust in the firm. Envisioning the gender diversification of boards as an event of institutional change, this article considers the critical role of shareholder (...) activists and legislative support from the SEC in the deinstitutionalization of old boys’ networks and the reinstitutionalization of gender diverse boards. This work is substantiated with evidence obtained through 34 semi-structured interviews, archival and documentary evidence. (shrink)
- Misconduct and Misbehavior Related to Authorship Disagreements in Collaborative Science.Elise Smith,Bryn Williams-Jones,Zubin Master,Vincent Larivière,Cassidy R. Sugimoto,Adèle Paul-Hus,Min Shi &David B. Resnik -2020 -Science and Engineering Ethics 26 (4):1967-1993.Scientific authorship serves to identify and acknowledge individuals who “contribute significantly” to published research. However, specific authorship norms and practices often differ within and across disciplines, labs, and cultures. As a consequence, authorship disagreements are commonplace in team research. This study aims to better understand the prevalence of authorship disagreements, those factors that may lead to disagreements, as well as the extent and nature of resulting misbehavior. Methods include an international online survey of researchers who had published from 2011 to (...) 2015. Of the 6673 who completed the main questions pertaining to authorship disagreement and misbehavior, nearly half reported disagreements regarding authorship naming; and discipline, rank, and gender had significant effects on disagreement rates. Paradoxically, researchers in multidisciplinary teams that typically reflect a range of norms and values, were less likely to have faced disagreements regarding authorship. Respondents reported having witnessed a wide range of misbehavior including: instances of hostility, undermining of a colleague’s work during meetings/talks, cutting corners on research, sabotaging a colleague’s research, or producing fraudulent work to be more competitive. These findings suggest that authorship disputes may contribute to an unhealthy competitive dynamic that can undermine researchers’ wellbeing, team cohesion, and scientific integrity. (shrink)
- The Epistemological Danger of Large Language Models.Elise Li Zheng &Sandra Soo-Jin Lee -2023 -American Journal of Bioethics 23 (10):102-104.The potential of ChatGPT looms large for the practice of medicine, as both boon and bane. The use of Large Language Models (LLMs) in platforms such as ChatGPT raises critical ethical questions of w...
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David Bourget (Western Ontario)
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Area Editors:
David Bourget
Gwen Bradford
Berit Brogaard
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James Chase
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Ezio Di Nucci
Esa Diaz-Leon
Barry Hallen
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Jonathan Ichikawa
Monte Johnson
Michelle Kosch
Øystein Linnebo
Paul Livingston
Brandon Look
Manolo Martínez
Matthew McGrath
Michiru Nagatsu
Susana Nuccetelli
Giuseppe Primiero
Jack Alan Reynolds
Darrell P. Rowbottom
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