- Science in the context of application: methodological change, conceptual transformation, cultural reorientation.Martin Carrier &Alfred Nordmann -2011 - In M. Carrier & A. Nordmann,Science in the Context of Application. Springer. pp. 1--7.details
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| Holism and Entrenchment in Climate Model Validation.Johannes Lenhard &Eric Winsberg -2011 - In M. Carrier & A. Nordmann,Science in the Context of Application. Springer. pp. 115--130.details | |
| Computational Science and its Effects.Paul Humphreys -2011 - In M. Carrier & A. Nordmann,Science in the Context of Application. Springer. pp. 131--142.details | |
| The political economy of technoscience.Astrid Schwarz &Alfred Nordmann -2011 - In M. Carrier & A. Nordmann,Science in the Context of Application. Springer. pp. 317--336.details | |
| Conditions of Science: The Three-Way Tension of Freedom, Accountability and Utility.Torsten Wilholt &Hans Glimell -2011 - In M. Carrier & A. Nordmann,Science in the Context of Application. Springer. pp. 351--370.details | |
| Bringing the Marketplace into Science: On the Neoliberal Defense of the Commercialization of Scientific Research.Justin Biddle -2011 - In M. Carrier & A. Nordmann,Science in the Context of Application. Springer. pp. 245--269.details | |
| Knowledge, politics, and commerce: Science under the pressure of practice.Martin Carrier -2011 - In M. Carrier & A. Nordmann,Science in the Context of Application. Springer. pp. 11--30.details | |
| Protected spaces of science: their emergence and further evolution in a changing world.Arie Rip -2011 - In M. Carrier & A. Nordmann,Science in the Context of Application. Springer. pp. 197--220.details | |
| Materials as Machines.Bernadette Bensaude-Vincent -2011 - In M. Carrier & A. Nordmann,Science in the Context of Application. Springer. pp. 101--111.details | |
| Science in the context of technology.Alfred Nordmann -2011 - In M. Carrier & A. Nordmann,Science in the Context of Application. Springer. pp. 467--482.details | |
| Transforming Objects into Data: How Minute Technicalities of Recording “Species Location” Entrench a Basic Challenge for Biodiversity.Ayelet Shavit &James Griesemer -2011 - In M. Carrier & A. Nordmann,Science in the Context of Application. Springer. pp. 169--193.details | |
An Epoch-Making Change in the Development of Science? A Critique of the “Epochal-Break-Thesis”.Gregor Schiemann -2011 - In M. Carrier & A. Nordmann,Science in the Context of Application. Springer. pp. 431--453.detailsIn recent decades, several authors have claimed that an epoch-making change in the development of science is taking place. A closer examination of this claim shows that these authors take different – and problematic – concepts of an epochal break as their points of departure. In order to facilitate an evaluation of the current development of science, I would like to propose a concept of an epochal change according to which it is not necessarily a discontinuous process that typically begins (...) in a subarea of the sciences, has far-reaching consequences for the entire system of the sciences, and can be observed by contemporaries as early as during its initial phase. Taking this concept as my point of departure, I discuss various candidates for the status of an epochal transformation in the recent development of the sciences. Although there are sound reasons to doubt that an epochal break is currently taking place, one must concede that the sciences are probably in a profound transformation, which could unfold in various directions, perhaps even leading to epoch-making new characterizations of the sciences. (shrink) | |
| (1 other version)Thoughts on politicization of science through commercialization.M. Norton Wise -2011 - In M. Carrier & A. Nordmann,Science in the Context of Application. Springer. pp. 283--299.details | |
| Integrating the Ethical into Scientific Rationality.Janet A. Kourany -2011 - In M. Carrier & A. Nordmann,Science in the Context of Application. Springer. pp. 371--386.details | |
| What Makes Computer Science a Science?Michael S. Mahoney -2011 - In M. Carrier & A. Nordmann,Science in the Context of Application. Springer. pp. 389--408.details | |
| The Cognitive, Instrumental and Institutional Origins of Nanoscale Research: The Place of Biology.Anne Marcovich &Terry Shinn -2011 - In M. Carrier & A. Nordmann,Science in the Context of Application. Springer. pp. 221--242.details | |
Multi-level complexities in technological development: Competing strategies for drug discovery.Matthias Adam -2011 - In M. Carrier & A. Nordmann,Science in the Context of Application. Springer. pp. 67--83.detailsDrug development regularly has to deal with complex circumstances on two levels: the local level of pharmacological intervention on specific target proteins, and the systems level of the effects of pharmacological intervention on the organism. Different development strategies in the recent history of early drug development can be understood as competing attempts at coming to grips with these multi-level complexities. Both rational drug design and high-throughput screening concentrate on the local level, while traditional empirical search strategies as well as recent (...) systems biology approaches focus on the systems level. The analysis of these strategies reveals serious obstacles to integrating the study of interventive and systems complexity in a systematic, methodical way. Due to some fairly general properties of biological networks and the available options for pharmaceutical intervention, drug development is captured in an obstinate methodological dilemma. It is argued that at least in typical cases, drug development therefore remains dependent on coincidence, serendipity or plain luck to bridge the gap between development methodology and actual therapeutic success. (shrink) | |
Everything New Is Old Again: What Place Should Applied Science Have in the History of Science?Ann Johnson -2011 - In M. Carrier & A. Nordmann,Science in the Context of Application. Springer. pp. 455--466.detailsScience studies scholars of the twenty-first century have been arguing for a reconceptualization of science based on the emergence of new values and practices. Allegedly, these new norms have come from science in the context of application. However, the argument here is that science in the context of application is a phenomenon with as long and rich a history as so-called pure or basic science. Science in the context of application only appears to be new since so little light has (...) been shined on applied science by historians and philosophers of science. This article explores the consequences of reaching back into remote history seeking science in the context of application and finds that doing so helps scholars understand present day developments, as well. Three examples of historical applied science are explored: ancient Roman engineering, Enlightenment-era navigation and surveying, and American early Republic engineering. In addition, the work of I. Bernard Cohen is examined for historiographical evidence of a narrowing account of what counts as science in the post-WWII period. (shrink) | |
| Between the Pure and Applied: The Search for the Elusive Middle Ground.Margaret Morrison -2011 - In M. Carrier & A. Nordmann,Science in the Context of Application. Springer. pp. 31--45.details | |
| Expertise in Methods, Methods of Expertise.Carsten Reinhardt -2011 - In M. Carrier & A. Nordmann,Science in the Context of Application. Springer. pp. 143--159.details | |
| Recent Orientations and Reorientations in the Life Sciences.Hans-Jörg Rheinberger -2011 - In M. Carrier & A. Nordmann,Science in the Context of Application. Springer. pp. 161--168.details | |
| Political Effectiveness in Science and Technology.Daniel Sarewitz -2011 - In M. Carrier & A. Nordmann,Science in the Context of Application. Springer. pp. 301--315.details | |
| Black-Boxing Organisms, Exploiting the Unpredictable: Control Paradigms in Human–Machine Translations.Jutta Weber -2011 - In M. Carrier & A. Nordmann,Science in the Context of Application. Springer. pp. 409--429.details | |
| Science, the Public and the Media–Views from Everywhere.Peter Weingart -2011 - In M. Carrier & A. Nordmann,Science in the Context of Application. Springer. pp. 337--348.details | |
