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Thutmose I in hieroglyphs

The third pharaoh of the Eighteenth Dynasty,a.k.a. Tuthmosis I, Thutmosis I

Precedessor Amenhotep I Successor Thutmose II
Reign ofThutmose I
AE Chronology	1493–1483
von Beckerath	1504–1492
Shaw	1504–1492
Dodson	1503–1491
Arnold	1504–1492
Malek	1504–1492
Grimal	1506–1493
Redford	1525–1516
Manetho(Josephus)	12y 9m
Manetho(Africanus)	13 years
Manetho(Eusebius)	12 years
Manetho(Jerome)	12 years
Highest attestation	Year 8/9

Thutmose I, the third king of the Eighteenth Dynasty, was placed as the fifth by Africanus under the nameMisaphris, while Eusebius placedMiphres as the fourth king. The discrepancy of the sources of Manetho is quite unreliable for the entire 18th dynasty

The lineage of the parents of Thutmose I are unknown. His father could have been Amenhotep I, or his mother mught have been a member of kings family, but there is no real evidence for either.

The name of the god Thoth is an ancient Greek transcription of the original nameDjehuty. Thutmose is a compromise between the Greek transcriptionThutmosis and the modernDjehutimes.

The Royal Titulary

From the hieroglyphic records

The Dual King

The Son of Ra

Horus Ka nakht mery Maat The Dual King Aa kheper ka Ra Son of Ra Djehutimes

Horus names

Horus name

The oldest form of the name of a pharaoh, a falcon representing Horus is perched on the palace facade.

Horus name

Horus name

Ka nakht mery Maat

kꜢ-nḫt-mrꞽ-mꜢꜤt

Strong bull, beloved of Maat

E1:D40-C10A-mr

Karnak Obelisk D - east and west faces
Urkunden des Ägyptische Alterthums , IV, 93 (15)
Lepsius,Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien, III, 6

Horus name variant

Horus name

Ka nakht mery Maat

kꜢ-nḫt mrꞽ-mꜢꜤt

Strong bull, beloved of Maat

E1:D40-mAat-mr-i-i

Rock inscription at Tombos
Urkunden des Ägyptische Alterthums , IV, 87e
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed.MÄS49 (1999). 132-133, 3:H3

Horus name variant

Horus name

Ka nakht mery Maat

kꜢ-nḫt mrꞽ-mꜢꜤt

Strong bull, beloved of Maat

E1-n:xt:x*t-D40-mAat-mr

Coronation decree of Tuthmosis I
Erman,Zeitschrift für ägyptische Sprache und Altertumskunde, 29, 116-119
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed.MÄS49 (1999). 132-133, 3:H2

Horus name variant

Horus name

Ka nakht mery Maat

kꜢ-nḫt mrꞽ-mꜢꜤt

Strong bull, beloved of Maat

Lepsius,Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien, III, 5a
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed.MÄS49 (1999). 132-133, 3:H2

Horus name variant

Horus name

kꜢ-nḫt-n-rꜤ

Strong bull of Ra

E1:D40-n:ra*Z1-A40

Karnak Obelisk D - south face
Lepsius,Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien, III, 6
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed.MÄS49 (1999). 132-133, 3:H4

Horus name variant

Horus name

Mery Ra kha em hedjet

mrꞽ-rꜤ ḫꜤꞽ-m-ḥḏt

Beloved of Ra, whohas appeared in the White Crown

Karnak Obelisk D - north face
Lepsius,Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien, III, 6
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed.MÄS49 (1999). 132-133, 3:H5

Nebty names

Nebty name

The “Two Ladies”, thegoddesses Nekhbet and Wadjet, representing Upper and Lower Egypt respectively.

Nebty name

Kha em nesret aa pehty

ḫꜤꞽ-m-nsrt ꜤꜢ-pḥtꞽ

He who appears with the uraeus, great of stength

m&xa-n:z:r-t:aA:F9*F9

Karnak Obelisk D - east face
Lepsius,Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien, III, 6

Nebty name variant

Nebty name

Kha em nesret aa pehty

ḫꜤꞽ-m-nsrt ꜤꜢ-pḥti

He who appears with the uraeus, great of stength

xa:a-m-n:ns&r:t-I13-D40:F9*F9

Year 2 commemorative stele of Nubian campaign victory
Urkunden des Ägyptische Alterthums , IV, 82
Lepsius,Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien, III, 5a
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed.MÄS49 (1999). 132-133, 3:N1

Nebty name variant

Nebty name

Du Atum kha khau

dwꜢ-ꞽtm ḫꜤꞽ-ḫꜤw

Who worships Atum, radiant of appearances

t:U15-A51D-N14:xa-A30-xa:w

Karnak Obelisk D - north face
Lepsius,Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien, III, 6
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed.MÄS49 (1999). 132-133, 3:N3

Nebty name variant

Nebty name

ꞽṯꞽ-tꜢw-nb(w)

Who has seized all lands

V15-N17:N17:N17:nb

Karnak Obelisk D - south face
Lepsius,Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien, III, 6
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed.MÄS49 (1999). 132-133, 3:N2

Golden Horus names

Golden Horus name

Horus perched on Gold, which was associated with eternity, but its meaning is disputed.

Golden Horus name

Nebty name

Aa pehty user khepesh wadj renput em hutaat Maat

ꜤꜢ-pḥtꞽ wsr-ḫpš wꜢḏ-rnpwt-m-ḥwt-ꜤꜢt-mꜢꜤt

Great of strength and strong-armed, enduring of years in the temple of Maat

aA:F9*F9-wsr-s-xpS-wAD-rnp-rnp-rnp-m-O8-mAat-t:pr

Karnak Obelisk D - north face
Lepsius,Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien, III, 6
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed.MÄS49 (1999). 134-135, 3:G3

Golden Horus name variant

Nebty name

ḥwꞽ-pḏt-9

Who has struck down the Nine Bows

H-A24-pD:Z3:Z3*Z3

Karnak Obelisk D - south face
Lepsius,Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien, III, 6
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed.MÄS49 (1999). 134-135, 3:G2

Golden Horus name variant

Nebty name

Nefer renput seankh ibu

nfr-rnpwt sꜤnḫ-ibw

He whose years are perfect/beautiful, and makes hearts live

nfr-rnp-rnp-rnp-s-anx-ib:ib:ib

Karnak Obelisks D - east face
Urkunden des Ägyptische Alterthums , IV, 93 (17)
Lepsius,Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien, III, 6
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed.MÄS49 (1999). 134-135, 3:G1

Throne names

Prenomen or throne name

Announced at the coronation and always written in a cartouche. The “official” name of the pharaoh. Also known as thePrenomen.

Aa kheper ka Ra

Aa kheper ka Ra

ꜤꜢ-ḫpr-kꜢ-rꜤ

Great is the manifestation of the soul of Ra

Tombos stela of Nubian campaign victory
Urkunden des Ägyptische Alterthums , IV, 82
Lepsius,Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien, III, 5a
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed.MÄS49 (1999). 134-135, 3:T1

Throne name variant

Aa kheper ka Ra

Aa kheper ka Ra

ꜤꜢ-ḫpr-kꜢ-rꜤ

Great is the manifestation of the soul of Ra

Abydos Canon no. 68
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed.MÄS49 (1999). 134-135, 3:T1

Throne name variant

Aa kheper ka Ra,<i>setep en Ra</i>

Aa kheper ka Ra,setep en Ra

ꜤꜢ-ḫpr-kꜢ-rꜤ stp.n-rꜤ

Great is the manifestation of the soul of Ra, chosen of Ra

ra:aA-xpr-kA-stp&ra:n

Karnak Obelisk D - east face
Lepsius,Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien, III, 6
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed.MÄS49 (1999). 134-135, 3:T3

Throne name variant

Aa kheper ka Ra,<i>iri en Ra</i>

Aa kheper ka Ra,iri en Ra

ꜤꜢ-ḫpr-kꜢ-rꜤ ꞽrꞽ.n-rꜤ

Great is the manifestation of the soul of Ra, who Ra has made

ra:aA-xpr-kA:ra-ir:n

Karnak Obelisk D - north face
Lepsius,Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien, III, 6
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed.MÄS49 (1999). 134-135, 3:T2

Throne name variant

Aa kheper ka Ra,<i>tit Amun</i>

Aa kheper ka Ra,tit Amun

ꜤꜢ-ḫpr-kꜢ-rꜤ ꞽtꞽ-ꞽmn

Great is the manifestation of the soul of Ra, the image of Amun

ra:aA-xpr-kA-i-mn:n:D17

Karnak Obelisk D - west face
Lepsius,Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien, III, 6
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed.MÄS49 (1999). 134-135, 3:T4

Throne name variant

Aa kheper ka Ra,<i>mery en Ra</i>

Aa kheper ka Ra,mery en Ra

ꜤꜢ-ḫpr-kꜢ-rꜤ mrꞽ.n-rꜤ

Great is the manifestation of the soul of Ra, beloved of Ra

ra:aA-xpr-kA:ra-U7:n

Karnak Obelisk D - south face
Lepsius,Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien, III, 6
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed.MÄS49 (1999). 134-135, 3:T5

Birth names

Nomen or birth name

Personal name given at birth. Also known as theNomen.

Djehutimes

ḏḥwtꞽ-msi(w)

Zeitschrift für ägyptische Sprache und Altertumskunde, 29, pp. 116-119
Lepsius,Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien, III, 5a
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed.MÄS49 (1999). 134-135, 3:E1

Birth name variant

Djehutimes<i>kha neferu</i>

Djehutimeskha neferu

ḏḥwtꞽ-ms ḫꜤꞽ-nfrw

Thoth is born, who has appeared perfectly

G26-xa-ms-nfr-Z2:z

Karnak Obelisk D - east face
Lepsius,Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien, III, 6
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed.MÄS49 (1999). 134-135, 3:E3

Birth name variant

Djehutimes<i>kha mi Ra</i>

Djehutimeskha mi Ra

ḏḥwtꞽ-ms ḫꜤꞽ-mꞽ-rꜤ

Thoth is born, who has appeared like Ra

G26-xa:ra-ms*mi:z

Karnak Obelisk D - north+south face
Lepsius,Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien, III, 6
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed.MÄS49 (1999). 134-135, 3:E2

The sources of antiquity

From the writings of the historians and scholars of antiquity

Author	Greek	Transcription	Reign
Africanus_{xviii, 5}	Μισαφρις	Misaphris	13 years
Eusebius_{xviii, 4}	Μιφρης	Miphres	12 years
Jerome		Mephres	12 years
Josephus₉₅	Μηφρης	Mephres	12 years, 9 months

Bibliography

Gauthier, H. Le livre des rois d'Égypte.MIFAO 18 (1912): 212–227
Beckerath, J., 1999. “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, Second edition,MÄS49: 132–135
Leprohon, R. J., 2013.The Great Name: Ancient Egyptian Royal Titulary. Atlanta: 96–97
Baker. D. D., 2008.The Encyclopedia of the Pharaohs: Volume I. London: 463–467

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