The real gid of this process. If you are on a machine that supports membership in multiple groups simultaneously, gives a space separated list of groups you are in. The first number is the one returned bygetgid(), and the subsequent ones bygetgroups(), one of which may be the same as the first number.
However, a value assigned to$( must be a single number used to set the real gid. So the value given by$( shouldnot be assigned back to$( without being forced numeric, such as by adding zero. Note that this is different to the effective gid ($)) which does take a list.
You can change both the real gid and the effective gid at the same time by usingPOSIX::setgid(). Changes to$( require a check to$! to detect any possible errors after an attempted change.
Mnemonic: parentheses are used togroup things. The real gid is the group youleft, if you're running setgid.
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