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WO2025120135A1 - Reliable capsule removal system - Google Patents

Reliable capsule removal system
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Publication number
WO2025120135A1
WO2025120135A1PCT/EP2024/085036EP2024085036WWO2025120135A1WO 2025120135 A1WO2025120135 A1WO 2025120135A1EP 2024085036 WEP2024085036 WEP 2024085036WWO 2025120135 A1WO2025120135 A1WO 2025120135A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
capsule
face
enclosure
pusher
cooperating
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PCT/EP2024/085036
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French (fr)
Inventor
Gilles Gavillet
Miguel GORTCHACOW
Christian Thomas
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Societe des Produits Nestle SA
Nestle SA
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Societe des Produits Nestle SA
Nestle SA
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Publication of WO2025120135A1publicationCriticalpatent/WO2025120135A1/en
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Anticipated expirationlegal-statusCritical

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Abstract

A machine (1) has a capsule extraction module (10,20) for preparing a beverage from an ingredient contained in a capsule (100) by supplying an extraction liquid (e.g. water) into such capsule (100). The extraction module (10,20) has: first and second capsule enclosure parts (10,20) movable relative to each other between a proximate position for enclosing and processing the capsule (100) to prepare a beverage in the module (10,20) and a distant position for inserting the capsule (100) and removing the capsule (100) from the module (10,20); and a capsule removal arrangement (40,50) for assisting removal of such capsule (100) when the first and second parts (10,20) are brought from the proximate to the distant position. At least one of the first and second capsule enclosure parts (10,20) has a corresponding cooperating face (11,21) extending over a corresponding capsule (101). At least one of first and second pushers (40,50) comprises a pusher face (41,51) for pushing the corresponding capsule face (101,102) away from the corresponding cooperating enclosure part face (11,21). The first pusher face (41) and the first cooperating enclosure part face (11) have a surface area ratio of at least 0.1 and/or at most 10; and/or the second pusher face (51) and the second cooperating enclosure part face (21) have a surface area ratio of at least 0.05 and/or at most 0.2.

Description

RELIABLE CAPSULE REMOVAL SYSTEM Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a machine and a system including a capsule extraction module that has an extraction chamber in which a capsule can be inserted, extracted and from which it can be evacuated. For the purpose of the present description, a “beverage” is meant to include any human-consumable liquid substance, such as tea, coffee, hot or cold chocolate, milk, soup, baby food, etc… A “capsule” is meant to include any pre-portioned beverage ingredient, such as a flavouring ingredient, within an enclosing packaging of any material. The capsule can form an airtight packaging, e.g. a plastic, aluminium, recyclable and/or biodegradable packaging, and of any shape and structure, including soft pods or rigid cartridges containing the ingredient. The capsule material may be cellulosic, cellulose-based or a cellulosic material, such as wood pulp or wood pulp-based or paper-based or cardboard-based material. The material may be natural cellulosic material e.g. reconstituted or regenerated cellulosic material. The capsule material can be wet or dry formed. The material can be biodegradable or a biodegradable material. The material can be compostable, such as home compostable or industrially compostable. The capsule may contain an amount of ingredient for preparing a single beverage serving or a plurality of beverage servings. Background Art One problem encountered with ingredient capsule systems is the handling of such capsules in an extraction device and the closing of the latter around the capsule to perform the extraction process and then the proper evacuation of the capsule from the extraction device. The capsule usually has to be positioned by the user on a capsule support or in a capsule chamber, then the device is closed manually or automatically around the capsule. It is important to correctly position the capsule so that the device closes properly around the latter and to form a good seal to ensure good conditions of extraction. Bad positioning may damage the capsule, and thus affect the conditions of extraction. For the sealing of the device around the capsule to permit proper extraction by passing a pressurized liquid through the capsule without undesired leakage, the closing of the device around the capsule must be carried out with a high level of precision. The closing distance of the mechanical closing arrangements of such devices are usually manually adjusted during the manufacturing process of the device to achieve the required level of precision or hydraulically adjusted during the operation of the machine. The loading of the capsule must also be easy, without trial and error as to the correct position of the capsule in the device. The loading must also be as rapid as possible and not require excessive manipulations. WO 2005/004683, EP 1 721553 and EP 1 659547 disclose the manipulation of capsules. US 3,260,190, WO 2005/072574 and WO 2006/023309 disclose a coffee machine having a removable drawer for positioning a coffee can or capsules therein. EP 1 566 126 discloses a coffee machine with a vertical brewing unit for accommodating coffee capsules. Further brewing units are disclosed in EP 0 730 425, EP 0 862 882, EP 1 219 217, EP 1 353 591, EP 1 480 540, EP 1 545 278, EP 1 635 680, EP 1 669 011, EP 1 774 878, EP 1 776 026, EP 1 893 064, EP 1 912 542, FR 2 424 010, US 3,260,190, US 4,760,774, US 5,531,152, US 6,904,840, US 7,131,369, US 2005/0106288, WO 2005/115206, US 2006/0102008, WO 2005/002405, WO 2005/016093, WO 2006/005756, WO 2006/066626, WO 2007/135136, WO 2008/037642 and WO 2011/042400. Another problem is related to the proper removal of a capsule from an extraction device upon use, in particular when the extraction device has piercing elements that open the envelope of the capsule for circulating liquid into and through the capsule. Capsules tend to stick to the piercing elements. It has been proposed to incorporate a movable push member in the device to detach a capsule from an upstream piercing element, e.g. as disclosed in WO 2007/135135. However, the manner by which a capsule is stuck is sometimes difficult to predict reliably so that such a movable push member is sometimes insufficient to release the capsule so that it can be evacuated. The predictability is even more difficult when a capsule is not evacuated immediately after extraction: in this case, residual beverage may dry about the capsule in the device. This increases the random sticking of the capsule in the device. A solution to this problem using an upstream capsule pusher pin and a downstream capsule pusher pin is described in WO 2013/026844. It has also been proposed to use centrifugation for extracting ingredient capsules. Such beverage preparation includes: providing a beverage (flavoring) ingredient, e.g. as powder and/or leaves, in a capsule; circulating liquid into the capsule and rotating the capsule at sufficient speed to ensure interaction of the liquid with the ingredient while creating a gradient of pressure of liquid in the capsule. Such pressure increases gradually from the centre towards the periphery of the capsule. As liquid traverses the ingredient, e.g. coffee bed, extraction of the ingredient, e.g. coffee compounds, takes place and a liquid extract is obtained that flows out at the periphery of the capsule. Examples of such systems are disclosed in WO2008/148601, WO 2013/007776, WO 2013/007779, WO 2013/007780, WO 2017/046294, WO 2017/068134 and WO 2017/202746. It has been proposed to prepare beverages by centrifugation along a horizontal axis. WO 2015/173123 and WO 2015/173124 disclose a centrifugal brewing chamber formed between two enclosing parts that are relatively translatable between an open position and a closed position. The enclosing parts cooperate with a pair of jaws that are movable between a capsule holding position to hold a capsule between the enclosing parts in the open position and a capsule release position to release the capsule. The jaws are actuated by a first actuator and a second actuator that are activated by the enclosing parts during their the relative translation. The jaws guide a capsule into a position between the enclosing parts in the open position and immobilize the capsule thereinbetween. Then, when the enclosing parts are translated together to enclose the capsule, the jaws release the capsule so that the brewing chamber is formed about the capsule. The enclosing parts are rotated about a horizontal axis to centrifuge the capsule for preparing the beverage with the ingredient in the capsule. At the end of beverage preparation, centrifugation stops and the enclosing parts are relatively translated to the open position whereby the used capsule is allowed to drop from the enclosing parts. Then the jaws are brought back into their capsule holding position. Summary of the Invention It is therefore an object of the present invention to alleviate at least some of the abovementioned problem, in particular to provide a system for reliable removal of a capsule after extraction. It is a preferred object of the present invention to provide a system that enables the reliable removal of capsules made of a soft and sticking and/or tearable material, such as a material that becomes soft and sticking and/or tearable by exposure to the extraction liquid e.g. to water. For example, the capsule material is cellulosic, cellulose-based or cellulosic material, such as wood pulp or wood pulp-based or paper-based or cardboard-based material. The material may be natural cellulosic material e.g. reconstituted or regenerated cellulosic material. The capsule material can be wet or dry formed. The material can be biodegradable or a biodegradable material. The material can be compostable, such as home compostable or industrially compostable. The invention thus relates to a machine for preparing a beverage from an ingredient contained in a capsule by supplying an extraction liquid, e.g. water, into such capsule. The machine has a capsule extraction module. Such module has a first capsule enclosure part and a second capsule enclosure part movable relative to each other between: - a proximate position for enclosing in an enclosure formed by the parts the capsule to process it and prepare a beverage therefrom; and - a distant position for inserting the capsule into the enclosure and removing the capsule from the enclosure. For instance, the machine is a coffee, tea, chocolate, cacao, milk or soup preparation machine. For example, the machine is arranged for preparing within the modules enclosure, a beverage by passing hot or cold water or another liquid through the capsule containing the ingredient, such as a flavouring ingredient, of the beverage to be prepared, such as ground coffee or tea or chocolate or cacao or milk powder. Such beverage preparation typically includes the mixing of a plurality of beverage ingredients, e.g. water and milk powder, and/or the infusion of a beverage ingredient, such as an infusion of ground coffee or tea with water. One or more of such ingredients may be supplied in loose and/or agglomerate powder form and/or in liquid form, in particular in a concentrate form. A carrier or diluent liquid, e.g. water, may be mixed with such ingredient to form the beverage. Typically, a predetermined amount of beverage is formed and dispensed on user-request, which corresponds to a portion (e.g. a serving). The volume of such a serving may be in the range of 15 to 1000 ml such as 25 to 600 ml for instance 40 to 250 ml, e.g. the volume for filling a cup or mug, depending on the type of beverage. Formed and dispensed beverages may be selected from ristrettos, espressos, lungos, cappuccinos, café latte, americano coffees, teas, etc... For example, a coffee machine may be configured for dispensing espressos, e.g. an adjustable volume of 20 to 60 ml per serving, and/or for dispensing lungos, e.g. a volume in the range of 70 to 200 ml per serving, and/or for dispensing americanos, e.g. a volume in the range of 150 to 750 ml. An aspect of the invention relates to a capsule processing machine for preparing a beverage from a capsule having a body containing an ingredient. For example, the beverage is prepared by circulating a liquid into such capsule and centrifugally driving such capsule to mix the ingredient with the liquid and optionally extract flavoring components of the ingredient, e.g. tea or coffee components. The centrifugation process for preparing a beverage is known for example from EP 2000 062, EP 2155 020, EP 2 152 128, WO 2008/148646, WO 2009/106175, WO 2009/106589, WO 2010/026045, WO 2010/026053, WO 2010/066736, WO 2008/148650, WO 2008/148834, WO 2010/066705, WO 2010/063644, WO 2011/023711, WO 2014/096122 or WO 2014/096123. The capsule extraction module has a capsule removal arrangement for assisting removal of such capsule when the first and second parts are brought from the proximate to the distant position. The first capsule enclosure part has a first cooperating face configured to extend over a first capsule face and/or the second capsule enclosure part has a second cooperating face configured to extend over a second capsule face. Optionally, the capsule has a lateral face extending between the first and second capsule faces, for example a cylindrical and/or conical lateral face. The capsule removal arrangement includes a first pusher with a first pusher face for contacting and pushing the first capsule face away from the first cooperating face and/or a second pusher with a second pusher face for pushing the second capsule face away from the second cooperating face. For example, such first and/or second cooperating face extends around such first and/or second pusher face. In other words, such pusher face is movable relative to the corresponding cooperating face between a pushed position in which the corresponding capsule face is pushed away (e.g. deployed) from the corresponding cooperating face and a retracted position in which the corresponding capsule face is in contact with the corresponding cooperating face. In the proximate position of the first and second capsule enclosure parts:- the first pusher face and the first cooperating face have a surface area ratio (pusher face/cooperating face) of: at least 0.1, for instance at least 0.33, such as at least 0.5, optionally at least 0.5, e.g. at least 0.66 or at least 0.75; and/or at most 10, for instance at most 5, such as at most 3, optionally at most 2, e.g. at most 1.5 or at most 1.33; and/or- the second pusher face and the second cooperating face have a surface area ratio (pusher face/cooperating face) of: at least 0.05, such as at least 0.065, for example at least 0.08; and/or at most 0.2, such as at most 0.15, e.g. at most 0.10. By increasing or better balancing the surface area of such pusher face vis-à-vis the cooperating face from which the corresponding capsule face is separated by being pushed by the pusher face, tensions on the capsule face are better spread and the capsule face is less like to be torn (especially when the capsule is made of soft and sticking and/or tearable materials, and generally reducing the risk of improper or failed removal of the capsule from the corresponding cooperating face is less likely to occur. Typically, the capsule has a body containing an ingredient and a peripherally projecting flange, e.g. a body in the shape of a cup with a bottom part, e.g. forming the second capsule face, and a lid, e.g. forming the first capsule face, covering the mouth of the cup and extending beyond the mouth to form the peripherally projecting flange. The capsule may have a body that is symmetric or asymmetric, conical or frusto-conical or cylindrical or spherical or hemispherical or frusto-spherical, containing the ingredient, e.g. ground coffee, tea or cacao or another beverage ingredient. The capsule may be of the type described above under the header “field of the invention”. The capsule may be a capsule that has a container-body, e.g. a generally cup- shaped or hemispherical or hemi-ellipsoidal body, having a flange to which a cover lid (or membrane) is attached, in particular sealed. Typically, the capsule contains a beverage ingredient. Examples of suitable capsules are disclosed in WO 2008/148601, WO 2008/148604, WO 2008/148646, WO 2008/148650, WO 2008/148656, WO 2008/148834, WO 2011/141532, WO 2011/141535, WO 2013/072239, WO 2013/072297, WO 2013/072326, WO 2015/044400. The capsule may be of the variety commercialised by Nespresso under the brand Vertuo. The capsule may include a soft and sticking and/or tearable material by exposure to the extraction liquid e.g. to water. Examples of such capsules are described in greater details in WO 2023/051967, WO 2023/052349, WO 2023/052350, WO 2023/052352, WO 2023/072997, WO 2023/104711 and WO 2023/104712. Hence, the machine with such a capsule pusher, the capsules, even those made of soft and sticking and/or tearable materials, may be removed reliably from the enclosure of the extraction module after extraction liquid, e.g. water, has been supplied into such capsule for preparing the beverage. The machine may include a (stationary) frame and/or an outside housing in which and/or to which the machine’s components, e.g. the components mentioned below as well as the capsule collector and spacer, are mounted or fixed or assembled. Exemplary beverage preparation architectures are for example disclosed in WO 2009/074550 and WO 2009/130099. Typically, the machine includes one or more of the following components: a) a fluid system in fluid communication with the capsule during beverage preparation; b) an in-line heater and/or cooler for thermally conditioning a flow of liquid circulated into the capsule or a batch heater and/or cooler for circulating thermally conditioned liquid from the batch heater and/or cooler to the capsule; c) a pump for pumping liquid to the capsule, in particular a low pressure pump e.g. within the range of 1 to 5 bar, such as 1.5 to 3 bar; d) a motor for driving the capsule in rotation during beverage preparation; e) an electric control unit, in particular comprising a printed circuit board (PCB), for receiving instructions from a user via an input user-interface and for controlling the heater and/or cooler, pump and motor(s); and f) one or more sensors for sensing at least one characteristic selected from characteristics of fluid system, the heater and/or cooler, the pump, a liquid tank, an ingredient collector, a flow of the liquid (e.g. by a flowmeter), a pressure of the liquid and a temperature of the liquid, and for communicating such characteristic(s) to the control unit. The capsule extraction module can be fluidically connected to a beverage outlet and to a liquid supply, e.g. water supply, such as a liquid tank or an external liquid delivery line. The liquid supply and the extraction module may be fluidically connected together via a liquid driver, e.g. a pump, and/or a thermal conditioner for liquid, e.g. a heater and/or cooler, such as a thermoblock or thick film heater. Examples of pumps in beverage machines are disclosed in WO 2006/005425, WO 2009/024500, WO 2009/150030, WO 2010/108700 and WO 2011/107574. A suitable heater may be a boiler, a thermoblock or an on demand heater (ODH) e.g. a thick film heater, for instance an ODH disclosed in EP 1 253 844, EP 1 380 243 and EP 1 809 151. Other heaters are disclosed in WO 2009/043851, WO 2009/043865, WO 2009/092746 and WO 2011/157675 and WO 2012/007260. The heater may be associated with the capsule extraction module, e.g. as disclosed in WO 2023/118245. At least one face of the first and second pusher faces can be substantially flush with the corresponding cooperating face when the first and second capsule enclosure parts are in the proximate position with the capsule in the enclosure. At least one face of the first and second pusher faces may be convex and may delimit a concave part of the enclosure when the first and second capsule enclosure parts are in the proximate position with a capsule in the enclosure. At least one face of the first and second pusher faces can be concave and can delimit a convex part of the enclosure when the first and second capsule enclosure parts are in the proximate position with a capsule in the enclosure. At least one of the first and second pusher faces may have a blunt shape towards an inside of the enclosure and/or may be free of any capsule-opening sharp protrusion extending towards the inside of the enclosure. At least one of the first and second pusher faces may be connected to a peripheral edge part that extends entirely substantially within a planar or incurved shape defined by and extending from such at least one of the first and second pusher faces. At least one face of the first and second pusher faces can be joined to its cooperating face by a deformable membrane, e.g. made of rubber or silicone, that substantially extends over a shape of the corresponding capsule face in the proximate position of the first and second capsule enclosure parts. For example, such membrane is moved by an actuator, e.g. an actuator rod, fixed to such one face, e.g. to a central part of such one face. The membrane may be arranged to be spaced from the corresponding capsule face or “peeled-off”, e.g. progressively “peeled-off”, the corresponding capsule face when such pusher face pushes the capsule face away. At least one of the first and second pusher faces may be made of rigid material and may have a shape that substantially matches a shape of the corresponding capsule face before the capsule reaches the enclosure or the face’s shape may deviate relative to the capsule face by an angle of less than 45 deg., such as less than 30 deg, and/or of more than 5 deg, such as more than 10 deg, e.g. more than 15 deg. At least one face of the first and second pusher faces may extend in a flat and/or curved plane, the curved part (if any) of the plane having a curvature radius that is larger than a radius of a curved periphery of the first capsule face and larger than a radius of a curved periphery of the second capsule face. At least one pusher face of the first and second pusher faces can be automatically actuated to move away from the corresponding cooperating face to remove the capsule from the enclosure. For example, the corresponding pusher of such at least one pusher face comprises: - a resilient element, e.g. a spring, that is released for removing the capsule form the enclosure and that is stressed by inserting the capsule into the enclosure; and/or - an end-of-movement retainer, such as a hook, cooperating with a counter-retainer of the corresponding capsule enclosure part. At least one pusher of the first and second pushers may be driven by the corresponding capsule enclosure part when moved out of the proximate position and then stopped by a machine part (e.g. belonging to the machine’s housing or frame or to an actuator of the enclosure part or a transmission part connecting the actuator to the enclosure part) before the corresponding capsule enclosure part reaches the distant position. The pusher face of such at least one pusher may maintain or immobilize the capsule while the corresponding capsule enclosure part is further moved to reach the distant position. For example, such pusher face of such at least one pusher is urged back by inserting a further capsule into the enclosure while the corresponding capsule enclosure part is moved back into the proximate position. At least one part of the first and the second capsule enclosure parts can have an extraction liquid inlet for delivering liquid into the enclosure, for example an inlet associated with one or more capsule openers, such as capsule piercers. At least one part of the first and the second capsule enclosure parts may have a beverage outlet for passing beverage out of the enclosure, for example an outlet associated with one or more capsule openers, such as capsule piercers. In one embodiment, one part of the first and the second capsule enclosure parts comprises both the extraction liquid inlet and the beverage outlet, for example associated with the one or more capsule openers. Examples of capsule openers are disclosed in EP 0 512 468, EP 0 512 470, EP 1 299 022, EP 1 339 305, WO 2015/022344 and WO 2015/022345. At least one face of the first and second cooperating faces can be fixed to one or more of at least one capsule inlet opener and at least one of capsule outlet opener, the corresponding pusher face being configured to move or be moved beyond the opener(s) while pushing the capsule face away from such one face. The machine may include an actuator, such as a motor or a handle, to move relatively the first and second enclosure parts between the proximate and the distant positions. The enclosure parts may be moved relatively to each other via a transmission, such as a gear transmission and/or an articulated lever transmission typically including pivotally connected levers. Examples of such actuators and transmissions are disclosed in WO 2005/004683, EP1767129, WO 2007/135136, WO 2009/043630, WO 2011/144719, WO 2012/093108 and WO 2020/064984. The first capsule enclosure part and the second capsule enclosure part in their proximate position may be connected to a motor to drive the enclosure parts in rotation so as to centrifuge in the enclosure the capsule to mix the ingredient and the extraction liquid to form the beverage. The centrifugation process for preparing a beverage is known for example from EP 2000 062, EP 2155 020, EP 2 152 128, WO 2008/148646, WO 2009/106175, WO 2009/106589, WO 2010/026045, WO 2010/026053, WO 2010/066736, WO 2008/148650, WO 2008/148834, WO 2010/066705, WO 2010/063644, WO 2011/023711, WO 2014/096122 or WO 2014/096123. The machine typically has a passage for evacuating the capsule upon preparing a beverage from such capsule in the machine. Such evacuation passage may lead to a capsule collector associated with the machine. Further possible implementation details of the extraction module are disclosed in WO 2023/3118244, WO 2023/3118245, WO 2023/3118246, WO 2023/3118247, WO 2023/3118248 and WO 2023/3118249. The machine may include a control unit for controlling at least one electric machine components, such as a liquid driver, thermal conditioner, user- interface, actuator of the extraction seat, actuator of the seat member (when the seat member is movable relative to the seat) etc… Examples of control units and user- interfaces are disclosed in WO 2008/138710, WO 2009/043851, WO 2009/043865, WO 2009/092745, WO 2010/003932, WO 2010/037806, WO 2010/046442, WO 2011/020779, WO 2011/026853, WO 2011/054889, WO 2011/067156, WO 2011/067157, WO 2011/067181, WO 2011/067188, WO 2011/067191, WO 2011/067227, WO 2011/067232, WO 2011/144719, WO 2012/032019, WO 2012/072761, WO 2012/072764, WO 2012/072767 and WO 2012/093107. Another aspect of the invention relates to a system comprising a machine as described above and a capsule. Yet other aspects of the invention relate to the use of a capsule for the above described machine. When reference is made in the present description to an orientation or position relative to the machine or parts thereof, e.g. “above” or “below” or “vertical” or “horizontal”, the orientation or position takes as a reference the position and orientation of the machine in operation to prepare a beverage unless specified otherwise. As used herein the term “cellulosic”, “cellulose- based” or “cellulosic material” may refer to conventionally woody (from soft wood and/or hard wood species) and/or non-woody materials. These materials may be bleached and unbleached and may include a regenerated or reconstituted cellulose. Examples of softwood are Pine, Spruce, Redwood etc. Examples of hardwood are Maple, Oak, Ash, Eucalyptus, Maple, Birch, Walnut, Beech etc. Examples of non-woody origin cellulose-based material are rice, manila hemp, sisal, jute, bamboo, maize, sugar cane, sugar cane residues (bagasse), banana peels. coffee ground. As used herein the term “natural cellulosic material” may refer to conventionally woody materials or non-woody materials, which are not regenerated. As used herein the term “reconstituted or regenerated cellulosic material” may refer natural cellulosic material subject to processing that comprises reconstitution or regeneration, examples include rayon and lyocell. As used herein the term “wood pulp” may refer to a lignocellulosic fibrous material, which may be prepared by mechanical or chemical separation of cellulose fibers from one or more of wood, fiber crops, paper, or rags. As used herein the term “wet formed” may refer to a process of forming from an aqueous solution of fibers. The aqueous solution of fibers may be heated and pressed in a mold to set the material and remove water therefrom. As used herein the term “dry formed” may refer to a process of forming not using aqueous solution of fibers. As used herein the term “wood pulp-based” may refer to the material or a portion of material forming the container which is one or more of: porous; fibrous; cellulosic; formed of cellulosic material; formed of natural cellulosic material; formed of reconstituted or regenerated cellulosic material; non-woven; is composed entirely of or is a composition of wood pulp and is wet or dry formed. A thickness of the wood-based material may be 0.08 mm to 0.90 mm, for example between 0.10 mm and 0.75 mm or generally about 0.15 mm to 0.5 mm. The wood- based material may be 200-400 gsm. Generally, the term “biodegradable” may be understood as meaning that a material is capable of being decomposed by bacteria or other biological means. The expression “biodegradable material” may be understood as any material that can be broken down into environmentally innocuous products by (the action of) living things (such as microorganisms, e.g. bacteria, fungi or algae). This process could take place in an environment with the presence of oxygen (aerobic) and/or otherwise without presence of oxygen (anaerobic). This may be understood, for example, as meaning that composting can be carried out without reservation. In particular, at the end of a composting process there are no residues of the material, which may be problematic for the environment, or any non-biodegradable components. Generally, the term “compostable” may be understood as meaning that a material may be substantially broken down into organic matter within a few weeks or months when it is composted. At the end of a composting process, the earth may be supplied with nutrients once the material has completely broken down. International standards, such as EU 13432 or US ASTM D6400, provide a legal framework for specifying technical requirements and procedures for determining compostability of a material. For instance, according to these standards, compostable materials must be biodegradable and disintegrable, i.e. fragmentation and invisibility in the final compost, and must not have negative effects on the composting process and quality. Composting may be accomplished in home composters and/or industrial composting sites. Defined conditions relating to wind, sunlight, drainage and other factors may exist at such sites. Biodegradation can be tested following standards such as ISO 14855, ISO 17556 or ISO 14851. For example, one of the tests requires that – in order to be considered as being “industrially compostable” - at least 90% of the material in question is biologically degraded under controlled conditions in 6 months. Similar tests exist also to enable home composting certification. For “home compostable” requirements, home- compostable materials may be composted in home composters, such as compost barrels or a home compost bin over a period of weeks or months (e.g. at least 90% degradation of materials in 12 months at ambient temperature). As a result of the composting process, the home-compostable materials may be converted into a nutrient-rich soil. Thus, a home-compostable container can be simply disposed in a home-compost pile after its use. The above materials can have a “material composition” exhibiting a constitution, combination and/or arrangement of (different) materials, which preferably form (altogether) a (uniform) structure, such as the container or a section thereof. Further features and advantages of the invention will appear in the detailed description and in the claims and in the drawings. Brief Description of the Drawings The invention will now be described with reference to the schematic drawings, wherein: - Figure 1 illustrates, partly schematically, a particular embodiment of a machine according to the invention having a capsule extraction module which contains a capsule in its enclosure that is formed by first and second capsule enclosure parts in the proximate position; - Figure 2 illustrates the capsule extraction module and capsule of Fig. 1 with the first and second capsule enclosure parts between the proximate and the distant positions; - Figure 3 shows the capsule extraction module and capsule of Fig. 1 with the first and second capsule enclosure parts in the distant position with the pusher face(s) pushing or upon pushing the capsule away from the enclosure part cooperating face(s); - Figure 4 illustrates the capsule extraction module of Fig. 1 after returning to the proximate position though without capsule in the enclosure, the pusher face(s) remaining deployed; - Figure 5 shows an enlarged view of the first enclosure part of the capsule extraction module of Fig. 1, the first cooperating face of the enclosure part extending over a first capsule face, the pusher face being against the first capsule face before pushing it away from the first cooperating face; and - Figure 6 shows an enlarged view of the first enclosure part of the capsule extraction module of Fig. 5, the pusher face pushing the first capsule face away from the first cooperating face. Detailed description The invention is now described with reference to the particular embodiment illustrated in Figs 1 to 6. In this embodiment, a machine 1 is configured for preparing a beverage from an ingredient contained in a capsule 100 by supplying an extraction liquid, e.g. water, into such capsule. Machine 1 has a capsule extraction module 10,20. Typically, machine 1 includes a source of extraction liquid, e.g. water, for example in a tank 2. Machine 1 may incorporate a pump 3 for driving the extraction liquid from source 2 to extraction module 10,20 e.g. via a temperature conditioner 4, e.g. an extraction liquid heater and/or cooler. Module 10,20 includes a first capsule enclosure part 10 and a second capsule enclosure part 20 movable relative to each other between a proximate position for enclosing in an enclosure 30 formed by parts 10,20 capsule 100 to process it and prepare a beverage therefrom and a distant position for inserting capsule 100 into enclosure 30 and removing capsule 100 from enclosure 30. Module 10,20 has a capsule removal arrangement 40,50 for assisting removal of such capsule 100 when first and second parts 10,20 are brought from the proximate to the distant position. First capsule enclosure part 10 has a first cooperating face 11 configured to extend over a first capsule face 101 and/or second capsule enclosure part 20 has a second cooperating face 21 configured to extend over a second capsule face 102. Capsule 100 may have a lateral face 103 extending between first and second capsule faces 101,102, e.g. a cylindrical and/or conical lateral face 103. Capsule removal arrangement 40,50 includes a first pusher 40 with a first pusher face 41 for contacting and pushing first capsule face 101 away from first cooperating face 11 and/or a second pusher 50 with a second pusher face 51 for pushing second capsule face 102 away from second cooperating face 21. First cooperating face 11 may extend around first pusher face 41 and/or second cooperating face 21 may extend around said second pusher face 51. In the proximate position of first and second capsule enclosure parts 10,20:- first pusher face 41 and first cooperating face 11 have a surface area ratio of at least 0.1, for instance at least 0.33, such as at least 0.5, optionally at least 0.5, e.g. at least 0.66 or at least 0.75; and/or at most 10, for instance at most 5, such as at most 3, optionally at most 2, e.g. at most 1.5 or at most 1.33; and/or- second pusher face 51 and second cooperating face 21 have a surface area ratio of at least 0.05, such as at least 0.065, for example at least 0.08; and/or at most 0.2, such as at most 0.15, e.g. at most 0.10. Capsule 100 may include a soft and sticking and/or tearable material, such as a material that becomes soft and sticking and/or tearable by exposure to the extraction liquid, e.g. to water. At least one face of first and second pusher faces 41,51 can be substantially flush with corresponding cooperating face 11,21 when first and second capsule enclosure parts 10,20 are in the proximate position with capsule 100 in enclosure 30. When first and second capsule enclosure parts 10,20 are in the proximate position with capsule 100 in enclosure 30: - at least one face 41 of first and second pusher faces 41,51 may be convex and delimit a concave part of enclosure 30; and/or - at least one face 51 of first and second pusher faces 41,51 can be concave and delimit a convex part of enclosure 30. At least one of first and second pusher faces 41,51 may have a blunt shape towards an inside of enclosure 30 and/or may be free of any capsule-opening sharp protrusion extending towards the inside of enclosure 30. At least one of first and second pusher faces 41,51 may be connected to a deformable 54 that extends entirely substantially within a planar or incurved shape defined by and extending from such at least one of first and second pusher faces 41,51. At least one face 51 of first and second pusher faces 41,51 may be joined to its cooperating face by a deformable membrane 54 that substantially extends over a shape of the corresponding capsule face 102 in the proximate position of first and second capsule enclosure parts 10,20. Membrane 54 can be moved by an actuator 50a, e.g. an actuator rod, fixed to such one face 51, for example to a central part of face 51. While such capsule face 102 is being pushed away, membrane 54 may be arranged to be spaced from corresponding capsule face 102 or “peeled-off”, e.g. progressively “peeled-off”, from corresponding capsule face 102. At least one face 41 of first and second pusher faces 41,51 may be made of rigid material and may have a shape that substantially matches a shape of corresponding capsule face 101 before reaching enclosure 30 or deviates thereto by an angle of less than 45 deg., such as less than 30 deg, and/or of more than 5 deg, such as more than 10 deg, e.g. more than 15 deg. At least one face 41 of first and second pusher faces 41,51 can extend in a flat and/or curved plane, the curved part (if any) of the plane having a curvature radius that is larger than a radius of a curved periphery of first capsule face 101 and larger than a radius of a curved periphery of second capsule face 102. At least one pusher face 41 of first and second pusher faces 41,51 may be automatically actuated to move away from corresponding cooperating face 11 to remove capsule 100 from enclosure 30. For example, corresponding pusher 40 of such at least one pusher face 41 comprises: - a resilient element, e.g. a spring 42, that is released for removing such capsule 100 form enclosure 30 and that is stressed by inserting such capsule 100 into enclosure 30; and/or - an end-of-movement retainer 43, such as a hook 43, cooperating with a counter-retainer 13 of corresponding capsule enclosure part 10. At least one pusher 50 of first and second pushers 40,50 may be driven by corresponding capsule enclosure part 20 when moved out of the proximate position and then stopped by a machine part 65 before corresponding capsule enclosure part 20 reaches the distant position. Pusher face 51 of such at least one pusher 50 may maintain or immobilize capsule 100 while corresponding capsule enclosure part 20 is further moved to reach the distant position. For example, pusher face 51 of such at least one pusher 50 is urged back by inserting a further capsule 100 into enclosure 30 while corresponding capsule enclosure part 20 is moved back into the proximate position. At least one part 10 of first and second capsule enclosure parts 10,20 can have an extraction liquid inlet 14 for delivering liquid into enclosure 30, such as an inlet 14 associated with one or more capsule openers 14a e.g. capsule piercers. At least one part 10 of first and the second capsule enclosure parts 10,20 may have a beverage outlet 15 for passing beverage out of enclosure 30, such as an outlet 15 associated with one or more capsule openers 15a e.g. capsule piercers. One part 10 of first and the second capsule enclosure parts 10,20 may have both extraction liquid inlet 14 and beverage outlet 15, for example associated with such one or more capsule openers 14a,15a. At least one face 11 of first and second cooperating faces 11,21 can be fixed to one or more of at least one capsule inlet opener 14a and at least one of capsule outlet opener 15a, the corresponding pusher face 41 being configured to move or be moved beyond opener(s) 14a,15a while pushing capsule face 101 away from such one cooperating face 11. Machine 1 may include an actuator, such as a motor or a handle 60, to move relatively first and second enclosure parts 10,20 between the proximate and the distant positions. For example, enclosure parts 10,20 are moved relative to each other via a transmission, such as a gear transmission and/or an articulated lever transmission typically including pivotally connected levers 61,62,63. First capsule enclosure part 10 and second capsule enclosure part 20 in their proximate position may be connected to a motor to drive enclosure parts 10,20 in rotation so as to centrifuge in enclosure 30 capsule 100 to mix the ingredient and the extraction liquid so as to form the beverage. Further possible implementation details of machine 1 are disclosed in WO 2023/118244, WO 2023/118245, WO 2023/118246, WO 2023/118247, WO 2023/118248, WO 2023/118249, PCT/EP2023/059645, PCT/EP2023/059650 and PCT/EP2023/059657.

Claims

CLAIMS 1. A machine (1) for preparing a beverage from an ingredient contained in a capsule (100) by supplying an extraction liquid, e.g. water, into such capsule, comprising a capsule extraction module (10,20) having: - a first capsule enclosure part (10) and a second capsule enclosure part (20) movable relative to each other between a proximate position for enclosing in an enclosure (30) formed by the parts (10,20) said capsule (100) to process it and prepare a beverage therefrom and a distant position for inserting said capsule (100) into the enclosure (30) and removing said capsule (100) from the enclosure (30); and - a capsule removal arrangement (40,50) for assisting removal of such capsule (100) when the first and second parts (10,20) are brought from the proximate to the distant position, the first capsule enclosure part (10) having a first cooperating face (11) configured to extend over a first capsule face (101) and/or the second capsule enclosure part (20) having a second cooperating face (21) configured to extend over a second capsule face (102), optionally said capsule (100) having a lateral face (103) extending between said first and second capsule faces (101,102), e.g. a cylindrical and/or conical lateral face (103), the capsule removal arrangement (40,50) comprising a first pusher (40) with a first pusher face (41) for contacting and pushing said first capsule face (101) away from said first cooperating face (11) and/or a second pusher (50) with a second pusher face (51) for pushing said second capsule face (102) away from the second cooperating face (21), optionally said first cooperating face (11) extending around said first pusher face (41) and/or said second cooperating face (21) extending around said second pusher face (51), characterised in that in the proximate position of the first and second capsule enclosure parts (10,20):- said first pusher face (41) and said first cooperating face (11) have a surface area ratio of: at least 0.1, for instance at least 0.33, such as at least 0.5, optionally at least 0.5, e.g. at least 0.66 or at least 0.75; and/or at most 10, for instance at most 5, such as at most 3, optionally at most 2, e.g. at most 1.5 or at most 1.33; and/or- said second pusher face (51) and said second cooperating face (21) have a surface area ratio of: at least 0.05, such as at least 0.065, for example at least 0.08; and/or at most 0.2, such as at most 0.15, e.g. at most 0.10, optionally, said capsule (100) comprising a soft and sticking and/or tearable material, such as a material that becomes soft and sticking and/or tearable by exposure to said extraction liquid e.g. to water. 2. The machine of claim 1, wherein at least one face of the first and second pusher faces (41,51) is substantially flush with the corresponding cooperating face (11,21) when the first and second capsule enclosure parts (10,20) are in the proximate position with said capsule (100) in the enclosure (30). 3. The machine of claim 1 or 2, wherein when the first and second capsule enclosure parts (10,20) are in the proximate position with said capsule (100) in the enclosure (30): - at least one face (41) of the first and second pusher faces (41,51) is convex and delimits a concave part of the enclosure (30); and/or - at least one face (51) of the first and second pusher faces (41,51) is concave and delimits a convex part of the enclosure (30). 4. The machine of any preceding claim, wherein: - at least one face (51) of the first and second pusher faces (41,51) has a blunt shape towards an inside of the enclosure (30) and/or is free of any capsule- opening sharp protrusion extending towards the inside of the enclosure (30); and/or - at least one face (41) of the first and second pusher faces (41,51) may be connected to a peripheral edge part (44,54) that extends entirely substantially within a planar or incurved shape defined by and extending from said at least one of the first and second pusher faces (41,51). 5. The machine of any preceding claim, wherein: - at least one face (51) of the first and second pusher faces (41,51) is joined to its cooperating face (21) by a deformable membrane (54) that substantially extends over a shape of the corresponding capsule face (102) in the proximate position of the first and second capsule enclosure parts (10,20), optionally such membrane (54) being moved by an actuator (50a), e.g. an actuator rod, fixed to said one face (51) such as to a central part of said one face (51); and/or - at least one face (41) of the first and second pusher faces (41,51) is made of rigid material and has a shape that substantially matches a shape of the corresponding capsule face (101) before reaching the enclosure (30) or deviates thereto by an angle of less than 45 deg., such as less than 30 deg, and/or of more than 5 deg, such as more than 10 deg, e.g. more than 15 deg. 6. The machine of any preceding claim, wherein at least one face (41) of the first and second pusher faces (41,51) extends in a flat and/or curved plane, when present, such curved part of the plane having a curvature radius that is larger than a radius of a curved periphery of said first capsule face (101) and larger than a radius of a curved periphery of said second capsule face (102). 7. The machine of any preceding claim, wherein at least one pusher face (41) of the first and second pusher faces (41,51) is automatically actuated to move away from the corresponding cooperating face (11) to remove said capsule (100) from the enclosure (30), optionally the corresponding pusher (40) of said at least one pusher face (41) comprising: - a resilient element, e.g. a spring (42), that is released for removing said capsule (100) form the enclosure (30) and that is stressed by inserting said capsule (100) into the enclosure (30); and/or - an end-of-movement retainer (43), such as a hook (43), cooperating with a counter-retainer (13) of the corresponding capsule enclosure part (10). 8. The machine of any preceding claim, wherein at least one pusher (50) of the first and second pushers (40,50) is driven by the corresponding capsule enclosure part (20) when moved out of the proximate position and then stopped by a machine part (65) before said corresponding capsule enclosure part (20) reaches the distant position, the pusher face (51) of said at least one pusher (50) maintaining or immobilizing said capsule (100) while said corresponding capsule enclosure part (20) is further moved to reach the distant position, optionally said pusher face (51) of said at least one pusher (50) being urged back by inserting a further capsule (100) into the enclosure (30) while said corresponding capsule enclosure part (20) is moved back into the proximate position. 9. The machine of any preceding claim, wherein: - at least one part (10) of the first and the second capsule enclosure parts (10,20) has an extraction liquid inlet (14) for delivering liquid into the enclosure (30), for example an inlet (14) associated with one or more capsule openers (14a), such as capsule piercers; and - at least one part (10) of the first and the second capsule enclosure parts (10,20) has a beverage outlet (15) for passing beverage out of the enclosure (30), for example an outlet (15) associated with one or more capsule openers (15a), such as capsule piercers, optionally one part (10) of the first and the second capsule enclosure parts (10,20) having both the extraction liquid inlet (14) and the beverage outlet (15) for example associated with the one or more capsule openers (14a,15a). 10. The machine of any preceding claim, wherein at least one face (11) of the first and second cooperating faces (11,21) are fixed to one or more of at least one capsule inlet opener (14a) and at least one of capsule outlet opener (15a), the corresponding pusher face (41) being configured to move or be moved beyond the opener(s) (14a,15a) while pushing said capsule face (101) away from the said one face (11). 11. The machine of any preceding claim, which comprises an actuator, such as a motor or a handle (60), to move relatively the first and second enclosure parts (10,20) between the proximate and the distant positions, optionally the enclosure parts (10,20) being moved relatively to each other via a transmission, such as a gear transmission and/or an articulated lever transmission typically including pivotally connected levers (61,62,63). 12. The machine of any preceding claim, wherein the first capsule enclosure part (10) and the second capsule enclosure part (20) in their proximate position are connected to a motor to drive the enclosure parts (10,20) in rotation so as to centrifuge in the enclosure (30) said capsule (100) to mix said ingredient and said extraction liquid so as to form said beverage. 13. A system comprising a machine (1) as defined in any preceding claim and said capsule (100) in which said capsule contacts said first and/or second pusher face(s) (41,51) that push(es) said first and/or second capsule faces (101,102) away from said first and/or second cooperating faces (11,21). 14. Use of a capsule (100) for a machine (1) as defined in any one of claims 1 to 12, in which said capsule contacts said first and/or second pusher face(s) (41,51) that push said first and/or second capsule faces (101,102) away from said first and/or second cooperating faces (11,21). 15. The system of claim 13 or the use of claim 14, wherein said capsule (100) comprises a soft and sticking and/or tearable material, such as a material that becomes soft and sticking and/or tearable by exposure to said extraction liquid e.g. to water.
PCT/EP2024/0850362023-12-072024-12-06Reliable capsule removal systemPendingWO2025120135A1 (en)

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EP232150212023-12-07
EP23215021.92023-12-07

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