WO2021152815A1 - Phakic intraocular lens - Google Patents
Phakic intraocular lensDownload PDFInfo
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- WO2021152815A1 WO2021152815A1PCT/JP2020/003617JP2020003617WWO2021152815A1WO 2021152815 A1WO2021152815 A1WO 2021152815A1JP 2020003617 WJP2020003617 WJP 2020003617WWO 2021152815 A1WO2021152815 A1WO 2021152815A1
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- hole
- intraocular lens
- ray
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/14—Eye parts, e.g. lenses or corneal implants; Artificial eyes
- A61F2/16—Intraocular lenses
Definitions
- the present inventionrelates to a phakic intraocular lens.
- the phakic intraocular lensis recognized as a means of correcting visual disorders other than spectacles and contact lenses.
- a lens implanted between the iris and the crystalline lensis known (Patent Documents 1 to 4).
- a phakic intraocular lenshas a flat edge that, under certain conditions, refracts, reflects, and scatters incident light on the retina, creating an unwanted optical image (stray light) such as a halo, ring, or arc. ..
- This physically formed light imagecauses glare, a subjective sensation of glare with discomfort and obscurity. This glare is caused by this ray when it is refracted, reflected or scattered at the exposed edge of the intraocular lens.
- Patent Document 1-3discloses an intraocular lens that reduces glare.
- the crystalline intraocular lens described in Patent Document 4was implanted between the iris and the crystal body, formed concentric grooves in the diffraction grating arranged in the center of the lens, and was arranged outside the diffraction grating.
- the support portionsupports the diffraction grating and forms a hole in the center of the diffraction grating.
- Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 08-047504Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 06-189986 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-510388 Re-table 2016/013121A
- An object of the present inventionis to provide a phakic intraocular lens capable of reducing stray light generated by a hole.
- the phakic intraocular lens according to the present inventionis a phakic intraocular lens implanted between the iris and the crystalline lens, and is arranged in the central portion to form a hole.
- a lens body and a support portion arranged outside the lens body to support the lens bodyare provided, and the hole is tapered so that the hole diameter on the incident side where the incident light is incident is larger than the hole diameter on the exit side. It is formed in a shape.
- FIG. 1is a diagram showing a configuration of a phakic intraocular lens according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2is a cross-sectional side view of an eye having a phakic intraocular lens according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3is a diagram showing transmitted light, refracted light, and total internal reflection light when incident light is incident on the hole of the lens body from the anterior chamber in the phakic intraocular lens according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4Ais a diagram showing refraction when incident light is incident on the upper surface side of the hole of the lens body from the aqueous humor.
- FIG. 1is a diagram showing a configuration of a phakic intraocular lens according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2is a cross-sectional side view of an eye having a phakic intraocular lens according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3is a diagram showing transmitted light
- FIG. 4Bis a diagram showing how the incident light from the aqueous humor is reflected on the lower surface side of the hole of the lens body.
- FIG. 5is a diagram showing the stray light intensity of the refracted light ray and the stray light intensity of the total reflected light ray with respect to the pore diameter.
- FIG. 6Ais a diagram showing holes formed in a tapered shape so that the hole diameter on the incident side of the phakic intraocular lens according to the first embodiment is larger than the hole diameter on the exit side.
- FIG. 6Bis a diagram showing a transmitted ray, a refracted ray, and a total reflected ray in a hole having a taper ratio of 1.0.
- FIG. 6Cis a diagram showing a transmitted ray, a refracted ray, and a total reflected ray in a hole having a taper ratio of 0.85.
- FIG. 7Ais a diagram showing a transmitted ray and a total reflected ray of a hole having a taper ratio of 1.0 in the phakic intraocular lens according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 7Bis a diagram showing a transmitted light beam of a hole having a taper ratio of 0.85.
- FIG. 8Ais a diagram showing holes formed in a tapered shape so that the hole diameter on the incident side of the phakic intraocular lens according to the first embodiment is smaller than the hole diameter on the exit side.
- FIG. 8Bis a diagram showing a refracted ray and a total reflected ray in a hole having a taper ratio of 1.2.
- FIG. 8Cis a diagram showing a transmitted ray and a total reflected ray in a hole having a taper ratio of 1.2.
- FIG. 9is a diagram showing the powers of the totally reflected rays and the refracted rays with respect to the taper value.
- FIG. 10Ais a diagram showing transmitted rays, refracted rays, and total reflected rays when the central thickness of the lens body of the phakic intraocular lens according to the second embodiment is 0.53 mm.
- FIG. 10Ais a diagram showing transmitted rays, refracted rays, and total reflected rays when the central thickness of the lens body of the phakic intraocular lens according to the second embodiment is 0.53 mm.
- FIG. 10Bis a diagram showing transmitted rays, refracted rays, and total reflected rays when the central thickness of the lens body is 0.25 mm.
- FIG. 11is a diagram showing stray light intensity of refracted rays and total reflected rays with respect to the center thickness of the lens body of the phakic intraocular lens according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 12Ais a diagram showing a hole in the lens body of the phakic intraocular lens according to the third embodiment, which is tapered and has a light absorbing film coated on the inner peripheral surface.
- FIG. 12Bis a diagram showing how stray light is absorbed by the light absorbing film applied to the holes shown in FIG. 12A.
- FIG. 13Ais a diagram showing a hole in the lens body of the phakic intraocular lens according to the fourth embodiment, which is tapered and has a light diffusing film formed on the inner peripheral surface.
- FIG. 13Bis a diagram showing how stray light is diffused by processing the light diffusing film formed in the holes shown in FIG. 13A or a fine uneven surface.
- FIG. 1is a diagram showing a configuration of a phakic intraocular lens according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- the phakic intraocular lens 1 according to Example 1 of the present inventionis made of collagen copolymer material, Collamer, and is implanted between the iris and the crystalline lens.
- the phakic intraocular lens 1includes a lens body 5 arranged at the center and a support portion 3 arranged outside the lens body 5 and supporting the lens body 5.
- 4a and 4bare markings of the phakic intraocular lens and are provided on the outside of the lens body 5.
- One small circular hole 6is formed in the center of the lens body 5.
- FIG. 2is a cross-sectional side view of an eye having a phakic intraocular lens according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- the eye 8has a cornea 9, a crystalline lens 10, an iris 11, anterior chamber 13, and posterior chamber 14.
- the phakic intraocular lens 1is implanted between the iris 11 and the crystalline lens 10.
- a gap 12is provided between the phakic intraocular lens 1 and the crystalline lens 10.
- the aqueous humor in the posterior chamber 14flows through the gap 12 and the hole 6 in the lens body 5 to the anterior chamber 13.
- FIG. 3is a diagram showing transmitted rays, refracted rays, and total reflected rays when the incident light is incident on the hole 6 of the lens body 5 from the anterior chamber 13.
- the lens body 5is composed of a concave lens, and the incident light to the hole 6 is totally reflected by the transmitted ray 21 that passes through the hole 6 as it is, the refracted ray 22 that is refracted by the hole 6, and the hole 6. It is divided into the total reflected light beam 23.
- the refracted ray 22 and the reflected ray 23are stray light.
- the refractive index n0 of the cornea 9is, for example, 1.376.
- the refractive index n1 of the aqueous humoris, for example, 1.337.
- the refractive index n2 of the lens body 5is, for example, 1.46.
- the refractive index n3 of the crystalline lens 10is, for example, 1.336.
- the off-axisis, for example, 3 °, and the number of rays is, for example, 5,000,000.
- the refracted ray 22 and the reflected ray 23 shown in FIG. 3can be understood by the explanation of the refracted ray shown in FIG. 4A and the explanation of the reflected ray shown in FIG. 4B.
- the bunch of water having a refractive index n1 and the lens body 5 having a refractive index n2come into contact with each other, and the incident light is transferred from the bunch of water having a refractive index n1 to the hole 6 of the lens body 5 having a refractive index n2. It is incident on the upper surface 6A.
- the refractive index n2 of the lens body 5is larger than the refractive index n1 of the bunch of water, the emission angle ⁇ t is smaller than the incident angle ⁇ i, and the refracted ray 22 is refracted.
- the incident lightis incident on the lower surface 6B of the hole 6 of the lens body 5 having the refractive index n2 from the aqueous humor having the refractive index n1.
- the refractive index n2 of the lens body 5is larger than the refractive index n1 of the bunch of water, the incident light is reflected by the lower surface 6B of the hole 6, and the reflected light beam 23 emits substantially the same as the incident angle ⁇ i. It emits at an angle ⁇ r.
- FIG. 5is a diagram showing the stray light intensity of the refracted light ray and the stray light intensity of the total reflected light ray with respect to the pore diameter.
- the radiant poweris, for example, 1 W.
- the stray light intensity of the refracted ray 22 and the stray light intensity of the total reflected ray 23increase.
- the stray light intensity of the total internal reflection rayis larger than the stray light intensity of the refracted ray.
- the hole diameteris, for example, 0.1 mm to 1.0 mm.
- the stray light intensityis 0.01%.
- the stray light intensityis 0.04%. Therefore, the diameter of the hole 6 is preferably 0.1 mm to 0.2 mm.
- FIG. 6Ais a diagram showing holes formed in a tapered shape so that the hole diameter on the incident side of the phakic intraocular lens according to the first embodiment is larger than the hole diameter on the exit side.
- the hole 60 of the lens body 5 shown in FIG. 6Ais formed in a tapered shape so that the hole diameter d1 on the incident side of the incident light is larger than the hole diameter d2 on the exit side.
- This tapermay be linearly inclined, may be a curved line such as a parabola, or may be inclined in an arbitrary shape.
- the ratio of the hole diameter d2 to the hole diameter d1, that is, (d2 / d1)is defined as the taper ratio.
- FIG. 6Bis a diagram showing a transmitted ray 21, a refracted ray 22, and a total reflected ray 23 in a hole having a taper ratio of 1.0.
- the incident lightis refracted and reflected near the entrance of the hole 6 to become a refracted ray 22 and a total reflected ray 23. Therefore, the total number of totally reflected light rays 23 increases within a predetermined range.
- FIG. 7Ashows the spots on the retinal surface of the transmitted ray 21 and the total reflected ray 23 of the hole 6 having a taper ratio of 1.0.
- the X directionis -1 mm to 1 mm and the Y direction is -1 mm to 1 mm.
- the X direction and the Y directionare set in the incident surface of the lens body 5, and the thickness direction of the hole 60, that is, the direction in which the transmitted light ray 21 travels is set in the Z direction.
- the totally reflected light beam 23appears in a circle within a predetermined range.
- the incident lightis refracted from substantially the center of the hole 60 in the thickness direction to the exit side in the upper surface taper 60a of the hole 60. Since the refracting rays 22 are used, the number of refracting rays 22 is smaller than that of the refracting rays 22 of the hole 6 having a taper ratio of 1.0.
- the incident lightis totally reflected at the lower surface taper 60b of the hole 60 while changing the angle due to the inclination of the lower surface taper 60b as it goes from the incident end to the exit end of the hole 60. Therefore, the reflected light rays 23 are dispersed in the radial direction, and as shown in FIG. 7B, the spots due to the total reflected light rays are within a predetermined range (for example, -1 mm to 1 mm in the X direction and -1 mm to 1 mm in the Y direction). It disappears completely, and only a few small spots appear even outside the specified range. That is, by setting the taper ratio of the holes 60 to 0.85, stray light can be significantly reduced.
- a predetermined rangefor example, -1 mm to 1 mm in the X direction and -1 mm to 1 mm in the Y direction. It disappears completely, and only a few small spots appear even outside the specified range. That is, by setting the taper ratio of the holes 60 to 0.85,
- FIG. 8Ais a diagram showing a hole 61 formed in a tapered shape so that the hole diameter d1 on the incident side of the phakic intraocular lens according to the first embodiment is smaller than the hole diameter d2 on the exit side.
- FIG. 8Bis a diagram showing a refracted ray and a totally reflected ray in a hole having a taper ratio of, for example, 1.2.
- FIG. 8Cis a diagram showing a refracted ray 22 and a total reflected ray 23 in a hole having a taper ratio of 1.2.
- the upper surface taper 61a and the lower surface taper 61b of the hole 61spread from the incident end to the emitted end, so that the incident light is substantially near the center in the thickness direction of the hole 61.
- the total reflectionis caused by the inclination of the tapers 61a and 61b. Therefore, the dispersion of the total reflected light rays 23 in the radial direction becomes small.
- the spot due to the total reflection ray 23does not appear within the predetermined range, but a large circular spot due to the total reflection ray 23 appears outside the predetermined range. Therefore, it is inappropriate to set the taper ratio to 1.2.
- FIG. 9is a diagram showing the powers of the totally reflected light rays 23 and the refracted rays 22 with respect to the taper value. From FIG. 9, the taper ratio in which the total reflection ray 23 is not generated and the refracted ray 22 is smaller, that is, the optimum taper ratio is 0.85. Even if the taper ratio is 0.8 to 0.9, almost no total reflected light rays are generated, so the taper ratio may be set in this range.
- the hole 60is formed in a tapered shape so that the hole diameter d1 on the incident side of the lens body 5 is larger than the hole diameter d2 on the exit side.
- the taper ratio of the holes 60is not limited to 0.85, and even if the taper ratio is 0.8 to 0.9, stray light can be significantly reduced.
- FIG. 10Ais a diagram showing a transmitted ray 21, a refracted ray 22, and a total reflected ray 23 when the center thickness t of the lens body 5 of the phakic intraocular lens according to the second embodiment is, for example, 0.53 mm.
- FIG. 10Bis a diagram showing a transmitted ray 21, a refracted ray 22, and a total reflected ray 23 when the central thickness of the lens body is, for example, 0.25 mm.
- FIG. 11is a diagram showing the stray light intensity of the refracted ray 22 and the total reflected ray 23 with respect to the center thickness of the lens body 5 of the phakic intraocular lens according to the second embodiment.
- the stray light intensity at which the center thickness of the lens body 5 is 0.25 mmis smaller than the stray light intensity at which the center thickness is 0.53 mm.
- the stray light intensity of the refracted ray 22is about 0.01%
- the stray light intensity of the total reflected ray 23is about 0.018%.
- the taper ratio of the holesis set to, for example, 0.85 and the center thickness of the lens body 5 is set to, for example, 0.2 mm, the stray light intensity is further reduced. Therefore, it is preferable to set the taper ratio of the holes to 0.85 and set the center thickness of the lens body 5 to 0.2 to 0.3 mm.
- the taper ratio of the holesis set to, for example, 0.85 and the hole diameter of the lens body 5 is set to, for example, 0.2 mm, the stray light intensity is further reduced. Therefore, it is preferable to set the taper ratio of the holes to 0.85 and set the hole diameter of the lens body 5 to 0.1 to 0.2 mm.
- the phakic intraocular lens according to the third embodiment shown in FIG. 12Ais different from the phakic intraocular lens according to the first embodiment shown in FIG. 6A in that a light absorbing film 71 is added. The details will be described below.
- the holes 62are formed in a tapered shape so that the hole diameter d1 on the incident side of the incident light is larger than the hole diameter d2 on the exit side.
- the taper ratio of the holes 62is, for example, 0.85.
- a light absorbing film 71is coated on the inner peripheral surfaces of the upper surface taper 61a and the lower surface taper 61b.
- black fine particles or a black dyeare mixed in the light absorption film 71.
- black fine particles or a black dyeare mixed in the light absorption film 71.
- aniline black, cyanine black, carbon, titanium black, black iron oxide, chromium oxide, manganese oxide and the likeare mixed with the resin.
- the taper ratio of the holes 62is set to 0.85, and the light absorbing film 71 is coated on the inner peripheral surfaces of the upper surface taper 61a and the lower surface taper 61b.
- the 71can absorb the refracted rays 22 and the totally reflected rays 23 generated by the upper surface taper 61a and the lower surface taper 61b. Therefore, the stray light generated by the hole 62 can be further reduced.
- FIG. 13Ais different from the phakic intraocular lens according to the fourth embodiment in that a light diffusing film 72 is added to the phakic intraocular lens according to the first embodiment shown in FIG. 6A. The details will be described below.
- the holes 63are formed in a tapered shape so that the hole diameter d1 on the incident side of the incident light is larger than the hole diameter d2 on the exit side.
- the taper ratio of the hole 63is, for example, 0.85.
- a light diffusing film 72is coated on the inner peripheral surfaces of the upper surface taper 61a and the lower surface taper 61b.
- Examples of the light diffusion film 72include white inorganic particles such as titanium dioxide, zinc sulfide, zinc oxide, alumina, magnesium oxide, calcium carbonate and barium sulfate, and white organic particles such as fluorine particles.
- the taper ratio of the holes 63is set to 0.85, and the light diffusing film 72 is applied to the inner peripheral surfaces of the upper surface taper 61a and the lower surface taper 61b.
- the 72can diffuse the refracted rays 22 and the totally reflected rays 23 generated by the upper surface taper 61a and the lower surface taper 61b. Therefore, the stray light generated by the hole 63 can be further reduced.
- the present inventionis not limited to the phakic intraocular lens according to the first to fourth embodiments.
- the phakic intraocular lens according to the first to fourth embodimentsonly the inner peripheral surface of the hole is tapered, but the edge portion of the hole may also be tapered.
- a holeis provided in the center of the lens body 5, but the hole is not limited to this, and a hole other than the center of the lens body 5 is provided. May be provided.
- the present inventionis applicable to an intraocular lens implanted between the iris and the crystalline lens.
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Abstract
Description
Translated fromJapanese本発明は、有水晶体眼内レンズに関する。The present invention relates to a phakic intraocular lens.
有水晶体眼内レンズは、眼鏡やコンタクトレンズ以外の視覚の疾患を補正する一つの手段として認識されている。この有水晶体眼内レンズとしては、虹彩と水晶体との間に移植されるレンズが知られている（特許文献１～４）。The phakic intraocular lens is recognized as a means of correcting visual disorders other than spectacles and contact lenses. As this phakic intraocular lens, a lens implanted between the iris and the crystalline lens is known (
有水晶体眼内レンズは、平らな縁を有し、ある条件下では、網膜上に入射光を屈折、反射、散乱させ、ハロー、リング又は円弧のような望ましくはない光学像（迷光）を作る。物理的に形成されるこの光像は、不快感や物の見えづらさを伴うまぶしさの主観的な感覚であるグレアの原因となる。このグレアは、眼内レンズの露出された縁で屈折、反射し又は散乱したとき、この光線により生じる。特許文献１－３には、グレアを低減する眼内レンズが開示されている。A phakic intraocular lens has a flat edge that, under certain conditions, refracts, reflects, and scatters incident light on the retina, creating an unwanted optical image (stray light) such as a halo, ring, or arc. .. This physically formed light image causes glare, a subjective sensation of glare with discomfort and obscurity. This glare is caused by this ray when it is refracted, reflected or scattered at the exposed edge of the intraocular lens. Patent Document 1-3 discloses an intraocular lens that reduces glare.
特許文献４に記載された有水晶体眼内レンズは、虹彩と水晶体との間に移植され、レンズ中央部に配置された回折格子に同心円状に溝を形成し、回折格子の外側に配置された支持部が回折格子を支持し、回折格子の中心に孔を形成している。The crystalline intraocular lens described in
しかしながら、特許文献４に記載された有水晶体眼内レンズや現行の眼内レンズでは、レンズの中心に孔が形成されているため、入射光が孔を通ってそのまま透過光線として網膜に出力される。また、一部の入射光は、孔で反射や屈折されて迷光が発生する。このため、ハロー、グレアが発生する。However, in the phakic intraocular lens described in
本発明は、孔により発生する迷光を低減することができる有水晶体眼内レンズを提供することを目的とする。An object of the present invention is to provide a phakic intraocular lens capable of reducing stray light generated by a hole.
上記の課題を解決するために、本発明に係る有水晶体眼内レンズは、虹彩と水晶体との間に移植される有水晶体眼内レンズであって、中央部に配置され、孔が形成されたレンズ本体と、前記レンズ本体の外側に配置され前記レンズ本体を支持する支持部とを備え、前記孔は、入射光が入射される入射側の孔径が出射側の孔径よりも大きくなるようにテーパ状に形成されている。In order to solve the above problems, the phakic intraocular lens according to the present invention is a phakic intraocular lens implanted between the iris and the crystalline lens, and is arranged in the central portion to form a hole. A lens body and a support portion arranged outside the lens body to support the lens body are provided, and the hole is tapered so that the hole diameter on the incident side where the incident light is incident is larger than the hole diameter on the exit side. It is formed in a shape.
以下、本発明のいくつかの実施形態に係る有水晶体眼内レンズを、図面を参照しながら詳細に説明する。Hereinafter, the phakic intraocular lens according to some embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
（第１の実施形態）
図１は本発明の第１の実施形態に係る有水晶体眼内レンズの構成を示す図である。本発明の実施例１に係る有水晶体眼内レンズ１は、コラーゲンの共重合体素材、コラマー（Collamer）からなり、虹彩と水晶体との間に移植される。有水晶体眼内レンズ１は、中央部に配置されたレンズ本体５と、レンズ本体５の外側に配置され且つレンズ本体５を支持する支持部３とを備えている。(First Embodiment)
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of a phakic intraocular lens according to a first embodiment of the present invention. The phakic
４ａ，４ｂは、有水晶体眼内レンズのマーキングであり、レンズ本体５の外側に設けられている。レンズ本体５の中心には１つの円状の小さい孔６が形成されている。4a and 4b are markings of the phakic intraocular lens and are provided on the outside of the
図２は本発明の実施例１に係る有水晶体眼内レンズを有する眼の断面側面図である。図２に示すように、眼８は、角膜９、水晶体１０、虹彩１１、前房１３、後房１４を有している。有水晶体眼内レンズ１は、虹彩１１と水晶体１０との間に移植される。有水晶体眼内レンズ１と水晶体１０との間には、ギャップ１２が設けられている。後房１４に有する房水は、ギャップ１２とレンズ本体５の孔６とを通り前房１３に流れる。FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional side view of an eye having a phakic intraocular lens according to the first embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 2, the
図３は入射光が前房１３からレンズ本体５の孔６に入射されたときの透過光線と屈折光線と全反射光線を示す図である。レンズ本体５は、図３に示すように凹レンズからなり、孔６への入射光は、孔６をそのまま透過する透過光線２１と、孔６で屈折される屈折光線２２と、孔６で全反射する全反射光線２３とに分かれる。屈折光線２２と反射光線２３とが迷光である。FIG. 3 is a diagram showing transmitted rays, refracted rays, and total reflected rays when the incident light is incident on the
ここで、角膜９の屈折率ｎ０は、例えば１．３７６である。房水の屈折率ｎ１は、例えば１．３３７である。レンズ本体５の屈折率ｎ２は、例えば１．４６である。水晶体１０の屈折率ｎ３は、例えば１．３３６である。軸外は例えば、３°であり、光線本数は、例えば５，０００，０００である。Here, the refractive index n0 of the
図３に示す屈折光線２２と反射光線２３は、図４Ａに示す屈折光線の説明と図４Ｂに示す反射光線の説明によって理解できる。The refracted
図３及び図４Ａに示すように、屈折率ｎ１の房水と屈折率ｎ２のレンズ本体５とが接触し、入射光が屈折率ｎ１の房水から屈折率ｎ２のレンズ本体５の孔６の上面６Ａに入射する。このとき、レンズ本体５の屈折率ｎ２の方が房水の屈折率ｎ１よりも大きいため、入射角度θｉより出射角度θｔが小さくなって屈折光線２２は屈折する。As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4A, the bunch of water having a refractive index n1 and the
また、図３及び図４Ｂに示すように、入射光が屈折率ｎ１の房水から屈折率ｎ２のレンズ本体５の孔６の下面６Ｂに入射する。このとき、レンズ本体５の屈折率ｎ２の方が房水の屈折率ｎ１よりも大きいため、入射光は、孔６の下面６Ｂで反射して、反射光線２３は、入射角度θｉとほぼ同じ出射角度θｒで出射する。Further, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4B, the incident light is incident on the
図５は、孔径に対する屈折光線の迷光強度と全反射光線の迷光強度を示す図である。ここで、放射パワーは例えば１Ｗである。FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the stray light intensity of the refracted light ray and the stray light intensity of the total reflected light ray with respect to the pore diameter. Here, the radiant power is, for example, 1 W.
図５に示すように、孔６の孔径（直径）が大きくなるほど、屈折光線２２の迷光強度と全反射光線２３の迷光強度とが大きくなる。特に、屈折光線の迷光強度よりも全反射光線の迷光強度の方が大きいことがわかる。As shown in FIG. 5, as the hole diameter (diameter) of the
孔径は、例えば、０．１ｍｍ～１．０ｍｍである。孔径が０．１ｍｍである場合、迷光強度は、０．０１％である。孔径が０．３６ｍｍである場合、迷光強度は、０．０４％である。このため、孔６の直径は、０．１ｍｍ～０．２ｍｍであることが好ましい。The hole diameter is, for example, 0.1 mm to 1.0 mm. When the pore diameter is 0.1 mm, the stray light intensity is 0.01%. When the pore diameter is 0.36 mm, the stray light intensity is 0.04%. Therefore, the diameter of the
（第１の実施形態の迷光対策）
図６Ａは第１の実施形態に係る有水晶体眼内レンズの入射側の孔径が出射側の孔径よりも大きくなるようにテーパ状に形成された孔を示す図である。図６Ａに示すレンズ本体５の孔６０は、入射光の入射側の孔径ｄ１が出射側の孔径ｄ２よりも大きくなるようにテーパ状に形成されている。このテーパは、直線的に傾斜するものであっても良く、放物線等の曲線、あるいは任意形状で傾斜したものでもよい。孔径ｄ１に対する孔径ｄ２の比、即ち、（ｄ２／ｄ１）をテーパ比と定義する。(Countermeasures against stray light in the first embodiment)
FIG. 6A is a diagram showing holes formed in a tapered shape so that the hole diameter on the incident side of the phakic intraocular lens according to the first embodiment is larger than the hole diameter on the exit side. The
図６Ｂはテーパ比が１．０の孔での透過光線２１と屈折光線２２と全反射光線２３を示す図である。テーパ比が１．０の孔６の場合、入射光は、孔６の入口付近で屈折及び反射して屈折光線２２と全反射光線２３となる。このため、全反射光線２３が所定範囲内で多くなる。FIG. 6B is a diagram showing a transmitted
図７Ａにテーパ比が１．０の孔６の透過光線２１と全反射光線２３の網膜面におけるスポットを示す。所定の範囲内は、図７Ａに示すように、例えば、Ｘ方向が－１ｍｍ～１ｍｍ，Ｙ方向が－１ｍｍ～１ｍｍである。ここで、Ｘ方向及びＹ方向はレンズ本体５の入射面内に設定され、孔６０の厚み方向、即ち透過光線２１が進む方向がＺ方向に設定される。図７Ａに示すように、所定範囲内に全反射光線２３が円状に現れる。FIG. 7A shows the spots on the retinal surface of the transmitted
これに対して、図６Ｃに示すテーパ比が例えば０．８５の孔６０の場合、入射光は、孔６０の上面テーパ６０ａにおいて、孔６０の厚み方向の略中央付近から出射側まで屈折して屈折光線２２となるため、テーパ比が１．０の孔６の屈折光線２２よりも屈折光線２２が少なくなる。On the other hand, in the case of the
また、入射光は、孔６０の下面テーパ６０ｂにおいて、孔６０の入射端から出射端に行くに従って、下面テーパ６０ｂの傾斜により角度を変えながら全反射していく。このため、反射光線２３が半径方向に分散していき、図７Ｂに示すように、全反射光線によるスポットが所定の範囲内（例えばＸ方向－１ｍｍ～１ｍｍ，Ｙ方向－１ｍｍ～１ｍｍ）には完全になくなり、所定の範囲外でも点状の小さいスポットがわずかに現れるのみである。即ち、孔６０のテーパ比を０．８５にすることで、迷光を大幅に低減することができる。Further, the incident light is totally reflected at the
図８Ａは第１の実施形態に係る有水晶体眼内レンズの入射側の孔径ｄ１が出射側の孔径ｄ２よりも小さくなるようにテーパ状に形成された孔６１を示す図である。図８Ｂはテーパ比が例えば１．２の孔での屈折光線と全反射光線を示す図である。図８Ｃはテーパ比が１．２の孔での屈折光線２２と全反射光線２３を示す図である。FIG. 8A is a diagram showing a
テーパ比が１．２の孔６１の場合、孔６１の上面テーパ６１ａと下面テーパ６１ｂは、入射端から出射端に行くに従って広がっているため、入射光は、孔６１の厚み方向の略中央付近からテーパ６１ａ，６１ｂの傾斜により全反射していく。このため、全反射光線２３の半径方向への分散が小さくなる。In the case of the
この場合には、図８Ｃに示すように、全反射光線によるスポットが所定の範囲内では現れないが、所定の範囲外で全反射光線２３による円状の大きなスポットが現れる。このため、テーパ比を１．２に設定することは、不適切である。In this case, as shown in FIG. 8C, the spot due to the
図９はテーパの値に対する全反射光線２３と屈折光線２２のパワーを示す図である。図９から全反射光線２３が発生せず且つ屈折光線２２がより小さいテーパ比、即ち最適なテーパ比は、０．８５である。なお、テーパ比は、０．８～０．９でも全反射光線がほとんど発生しないので、この範囲に設定してもよい。FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the powers of the totally reflected
このように第１の実施形態に係る有水晶体眼内レンズ１によれば、レンズ本体５の入射側の孔径ｄ１が出射側の孔径ｄ２よりも大きくなるようにテーパ状に孔６０を形成し、孔６０のテーパ比を０．８５にすることで、迷光を大幅に低減することができる。また、孔６０のテーパ比は、０．８５に限定されず、テーパ比は、０．８～０．９であっても迷光を大幅に低減することができる。As described above, according to the phakic
（第２の実施形態）
図１０Ａは第２の実施形態に係る有水晶体眼内レンズのレンズ本体５の中心厚ｔが例えば０．５３ｍｍの場合の透過光線２１と屈折光線２２と全反射光線２３を示す図である。図１０Ｂはレンズ本体の中心厚が例えば０．２５ｍｍの場合の透過光線２１と屈折光線２２と全反射光線２３を示す図である。図１１は第２の実施形態に係る有水晶体眼内レンズのレンズ本体５の中心厚に対する屈折光線２２と全反射光線２３の迷光強度を示す図である。(Second Embodiment)
FIG. 10A is a diagram showing a transmitted
図１１に示すように、レンズ本体５の中心厚が０．２５ｍｍの迷光強度は、中心厚が０．５３ｍｍの迷光強度よりも小さいことがわかる。中心厚が０．２５ｍｍの場合、屈折光線２２の迷光強度が約０．０１％であり、全反射光線２３の迷光強度が約０．０１８％である。As shown in FIG. 11, it can be seen that the stray light intensity at which the center thickness of the
また、孔のテーパ比を例えば０．８５に設定し、レンズ本体５の中心厚が例えば０．２ｍｍにした場合には迷光強度がさらに小さくなる。このため、孔のテーパ比を０．８５に設定し、レンズ本体５の中心厚を０．２～０．３ｍｍにするのが良い。Further, when the taper ratio of the holes is set to, for example, 0.85 and the center thickness of the
また、孔のテーパ比を例えば０．８５に設定し、レンズ本体５の孔径を例えば０．２ｍｍにした場合には、迷光強度がさらに小さくなる。このため、孔のテーパ比を０．８５に設定し、レンズ本体５の孔径を０．１～０．２ｍｍにするのが良い。Further, when the taper ratio of the holes is set to, for example, 0.85 and the hole diameter of the
（第３の実施形態）
図１２Ａに示す第３の実施形態に係る有水晶体眼内レンズは、図６Ａに示す第１の実施形態に係る有水晶体眼内レンズに対して、光吸収膜７１を追加した点が異なる。以下にその詳細を説明する。(Third Embodiment)
The phakic intraocular lens according to the third embodiment shown in FIG. 12A is different from the phakic intraocular lens according to the first embodiment shown in FIG. 6A in that a
図１２Ａに示すレンズ本体５において、孔６２は、入射光の入射側の孔径ｄ１が出射側の孔径ｄ２よりも大きくなるようにテーパ状に形成されている。この場合、孔６２のテーパ比は例えば０．８５である。上面テーパ６１ａと下面テーパ６１ｂには内周面に光吸収膜７１が塗布されている。In the
光吸収膜７１には、例えば、黒色微粒子または黒色の染料を混合されている。例えば、アニリンブラック、シアニンブラック、炭素、チタンブラック、黒色酸化鉄、酸化クロム、または酸化マンガン等が樹脂に混合される。For example, black fine particles or a black dye are mixed in the
このように孔６２のテーパ比を０．８５に設定し、上面テーパ６１ａと下面テーパ６１ｂには内周面に光吸収膜７１が塗布されているので、図１１Ｂに示すように、光吸収膜７１により上面テーパ６１ａと下面テーパ６１ｂで発生する屈折光線２２と全反射光線２３とを吸収することができる。従って、孔６２により発生する迷光をさらに、低減することができる。In this way, the taper ratio of the
（第４の実施形態）
図１３Ａは第４の実施形態に係る有水晶体眼内レンズは、図６Ａに示す第１の実施形態に係る有水晶体眼内レンズに対して、光拡散膜７２を追加した点が異なる。以下にその詳細を説明する。(Fourth Embodiment)
FIG. 13A is different from the phakic intraocular lens according to the fourth embodiment in that a
図１３Ａに示すレンズ本体５において、孔６３は、入射光の入射側の孔径ｄ１が出射側の孔径ｄ２よりも大きくなるようにテーパ状に形成されている。この場合、孔６３のテーパ比は例えば０．８５である。上面テーパ６１ａと下面テーパ６１ｂには内周面に光拡散膜７２が塗布されている。In the
光拡散膜７２には、例えば、二酸化チタン、硫化亜鉛、酸化亜鉛、アルミナ、酸化マグネシウム、炭酸カルシウム、硫酸バリウム等の白色無機粒子やフッ素粒子等の白色有機粒子が挙げられる。Examples of the
このように孔６３のテーパ比を０．８５に設定し、上面テーパ６１ａと下面テーパ６１ｂには内周面に光拡散膜７２が塗布されているので、図１３Ｂに示すように、光拡散膜７２により上面テーパ６１ａと下面テーパ６１ｂで発生する屈折光線２２と全反射光線２３とを拡散することができる。従って、孔６３により発生する迷光をさらに、低減することができる。In this way, the taper ratio of the
また、光拡散膜７２の代わりに、内周面に対して微細な凹凸面への加工を施しても、光拡散膜７２の効果と同様の効果を得ることができる。Further, even if the inner peripheral surface is processed into a fine uneven surface instead of the
なお、本発明は、第１の実施形態乃至第４の実施形態に係る有水晶体眼内レンズに限定されるものではない。第１の実施形態乃至第４の実施形態に係る有水晶体眼内レンズでは、孔の内周面のみをテーパ状としたが、孔のエッジ部分もテーパ状にしても良い。The present invention is not limited to the phakic intraocular lens according to the first to fourth embodiments. In the phakic intraocular lens according to the first to fourth embodiments, only the inner peripheral surface of the hole is tapered, but the edge portion of the hole may also be tapered.
また、第１の実施形態乃至第４の実施形態に係る有水晶体眼内レンズでは、レンズ本体５の中心に孔を設けたが、これに限定されることなく、レンズ本体５の中心以外に孔を設けてもよい。Further, in the phakic intraocular lens according to the first to fourth embodiments, a hole is provided in the center of the
本発明は、虹彩と水晶体との間に移植される眼内レンズに適用可能である。The present invention is applicable to an intraocular lens implanted between the iris and the crystalline lens.
Claims (6)
Translated fromJapanese中央部に配置され、孔が形成されたレンズ本体と、
前記レンズ本体の外側に配置され前記レンズ本体を支持する支持部とを備え、
前記孔は、入射光が入射される入射側の孔径が出射側の孔径よりも大きくなるようにテーパ状に形成されている有水晶体眼内レンズ。A phakic intraocular lens that is implanted between the iris and the crystalline lens.
The lens body, which is located in the center and has holes,
It is provided with a support portion that is arranged on the outside of the lens body and supports the lens body.
The hole is a phakic intraocular lens formed in a tapered shape so that the hole diameter on the incident side where the incident light is incident is larger than the hole diameter on the exit side.
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| JP2021523528AJP7088589B2 (en) | 2020-01-31 | 2021-01-20 | Phakic intraocular lens |
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| JP2010525884A (en)* | 2007-04-30 | 2010-07-29 | アルコン，インコーポレイティド | Intraocular lens with peripheral area designed to reduce negative abnormal optical vision |
| US20160067035A1 (en)* | 2014-09-09 | 2016-03-10 | Staar Surgical Company | Intraocular Lens With Central Hole For Improved Fluid Flow And Minimized Light Scattering |
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| JPS62210440A (en)* | 1986-03-12 | 1987-09-16 | Dainippon Printing Co Ltd | Lens sheet for transmissive projection screen |
| CA2770735C (en)* | 2009-08-13 | 2017-07-18 | Acufocus, Inc. | Masked intraocular implants and lenses |
| EP3173050B1 (en)* | 2014-07-25 | 2020-02-19 | Musashino Lens Research, Inc. | Phakic intraocular lens |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US20050149184A1 (en)* | 2003-12-15 | 2005-07-07 | Theo Bogaert | Phakic intraocular lens with improved fluid circulation properties |
| JP2010525884A (en)* | 2007-04-30 | 2010-07-29 | アルコン，インコーポレイティド | Intraocular lens with peripheral area designed to reduce negative abnormal optical vision |
| US20160067035A1 (en)* | 2014-09-09 | 2016-03-10 | Staar Surgical Company | Intraocular Lens With Central Hole For Improved Fluid Flow And Minimized Light Scattering |
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