WO2018010658A1 - Information transfer method and apparatus in bit indexed explicit replication - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention is an information transfer method in bit indexed explicit replication. The method comprises: a node in a bit indexed explicit replication (BIER) network transfers BIT position BP information of a link by means of protocol extension, the BP information being BIER TE control information of the link and being a unique identifier for identifying the link. Also disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention is an information transfer apparatus in bit indexed explicit replication, for implementing the method.

Description

Translated fromChinese

一种位索引显式复制信息传递方法及装置Bit index explicit copy information transmission method and device技术领域Technical field

本发明涉及通信领域，尤其涉及一种位索引显式复制信息传递方法及装置。The present invention relates to the field of communications, and in particular, to a bit index explicit copy information transmission method and apparatus.

背景技术Background technique

开放式最短路径优先(Open Shortest Path First，简称为OSPF)是一个内部网关协议(Interior Gateway Protocol，简称为IGP)，用于在单一自治系统(autonomous system，简称为AS)内决策路由。是对链路状态路由协议的一种实现，隶属内部网关协议(Interior Gateway Protocol，简称为IGP)，故运作于自治系统内部。著名的迪克斯加算法(Dijkstra)被用来计算最短路径树。OSPF路由协议是一种典型的链路状态(Link-state)的路由协议。在一个自治系统中，所有的OSPF路由器都维护一个相同的描述这个AS结构的数据库，该数据库中存放的是路由域中相应链路的状态信息，OSPF路由器正是通过这个数据库计算出其OSPF路由表的。作为一种链路状态的路由协议，OSPF将链路状态组播数据(Link State Advertisement，简称为LSA)传送给在某一区域内的所有路由器。链路是路由器接口的另一种说法，因此OSPF也称为接口状态路由协议。OSPF通过路由器之间通告网络接口的状态来建立链路状态数据库，生成最短路径树，每个OSPF路由器使用这些最短路径构造路由表。Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) is an Interior Gateway Protocol (IGP) that is used to determine routes in autonomous systems (ASs). It is an implementation of the link state routing protocol and belongs to the Interior Gateway Protocol (IGP), so it operates inside the autonomous system. The famous Dijkstra algorithm (Dijkstra) is used to calculate the shortest path tree. The OSPF routing protocol is a typical link-state routing protocol. In an autonomous system, all OSPF routers maintain a database that describes the AS structure. The database stores the status information of the corresponding links in the routing domain. The OSPF router calculates its OSPF routes through this database. Table of. As a link state routing protocol, OSPF transmits Link State Advertisement (LSA) to all routers in a certain area. A link is another term for a router interface, so OSPF is also known as an interface state routing protocol. OSPF establishes a link state database by advertising the state of the network interface between routers to generate a shortest path tree, and each OSPF router uses these shortest paths to construct a routing table.

中间系统到中间系统(Intermediate system to intermediate system，简称为IS-IS)是一种内部网关协议，是电信运营商普遍采用的内部网关协议之一。标准的IS-IS协议是由国际标准化组织制定的ISO/IEC 10589：2002所规范的。但是标准的IS-IS协议是为无连接网络服务(CLNS)设计的，并不直接适合于IP网络，因此互联网工程任务组制定了可以适用于IP网络的集成化的IS-IS协议，称为集成IS-IS，它由RFC 1195等RFC文档所规范。IS-IS属于内部网关路由协议，用于自治系统内部。IS-IS是一种链路状态协议，与TCP/IP网络中的OSPF协议非常相似，使用最短路径优先算法进行路由计算。The intermediate system to intermediate system (IS-IS) is an internal gateway protocol and is one of the internal gateway protocols commonly used by telecommunication operators. The standard IS-IS protocol is regulated by ISO/IEC 10589:2002, developed by the International Organization for Standardization. However, the standard IS-IS protocol is designed for connectionless network services (CLNS) and is not directly suitable for IP networks. Therefore, the Internet Engineering Task Force has developed an integrated IS-IS protocol that can be applied to IP networks. Integrated IS-IS, which is specified by RFC documents such as RFC 1195. IS-IS belongs to the internal gateway routing protocol and is used inside the autonomous system. IS-IS is a chainThe road state protocol is very similar to the OSPF protocol in the TCP/IP network, and uses the shortest path first algorithm for route calculation.

BGP(Border Gateway Protocol)是自治系统间的路由协议。BGP交换的网络可达性信息提供了足够的信息来检测路由回路并根据性能优先和策略约束对路由进行决策。特别地，BGP交换包含全部AS path的网络可达性信息，按照配置信息执行路由策略。通常BGP与IGP协议协同作用。虽然BGP通常使用在自治系统之间，但随着网络的发展，一些场景也倾向于只使用BGP协议作为路由协议。BGP (Border Gateway Protocol) is a routing protocol between autonomous systems. The network reachability information exchanged by BGP provides enough information to detect the routing loop and make decisions on the route based on performance prioritization and policy constraints. Specifically, the BGP exchange includes network reachability information of all AS paths, and performs a routing policy according to the configuration information. Usually BGP works in conjunction with the IGP protocol. Although BGP is usually used between autonomous systems, with the development of the network, some scenarios tend to use only BGP as a routing protocol.

Babel是一个支持IPv6和IPv4的使用矢量距离算法的路由协议，具有稳定和高效的特点，可用于有线和无线网络。与RIP为代表的有线网络协议相比，Babel不再使用跳数来进行最优路径的选择，而是使用“期望传输跳数”(Expected Transmission Count，简称为ETC)来计算到达某一节点的跳数。ETC不仅考虑了到达某一节点的跳数信息，还综合考虑了链路带宽、拥塞度等一系列指标来作为选路的依据。然而ETC会由于无线环境的变化和网络节点的加入/退出不断变化，这也就造成路由的不断翻转使得网络难以收敛。因此Babel使用历史感知机制(History-sensitive)来加速网络的收敛，即具有相近ETC值的情况下选择曾经使用过的路径。Babel在网络收敛后不会在整个网络范围内进行周期性的路由更新和宣告，只有当节点信息和状态发生变化时才会被动触发更新。Babel is a routing protocol that supports IPv6 and IPv4 using vector distance algorithms. It is stable and efficient and can be used in both wired and wireless networks. Compared with the wired network protocol represented by RIP, Babel no longer uses the hop count to select the optimal path, but uses the Expected Transmission Count (ETC) to calculate the arrival of a node. The number of hops. ETC not only considers the hop count information of a certain node, but also considers a series of indicators such as link bandwidth and congestion degree as the basis for routing. However, ETC will change due to changes in the wireless environment and the joining/exit of network nodes, which causes the continuous flipping of routes to make the network difficult to converge. Therefore, Babel uses history-sensitive to accelerate the convergence of the network, that is, to select a path that has been used with similar ETC values. Babel does not perform periodic routing updates and announcements throughout the network after the network converges. It only passively triggers updates when node information and status change.

因此，OSPF/ISIS/BGP/BABEL协议都是重要的动态路由协议，因为其本身的路由通告交互特性，很多技术都使用这些协议作为载体进行控制信息或者其他信息的传输。Therefore, OSPF/ISIS/BGP/BABEL protocols are important dynamic routing protocols. Because of their own route advertisement interaction characteristics, many technologies use these protocols as carriers to transmit control information or other information.

组播技术在现在的互联网发挥着越来越重要的作用，IPTV(Interactive Personality TV)，Net-Meeting，赛况直播等都使用到了组播技术。组播已有的技术包括PIM(Protocol Independent Multicast)、IGMP(Internet Control Message Protocol)、MLD(Multicast Listener Discovery Protocol)等。在最初的小型应用场景下，已有的这些协议可以满足用户的需求，但随着组播应用越来越广泛，组网形式越来越复杂，组播直接应用在互联网络中，往往会由于骨干网络中的组播状态过多，占用中间节点的大量控制资源及信令交互，并且不能很好的支持现在广泛应用的VPN(Virtual Private Network)技术发展。由此现在的发展方向，倾向于骨干网络中并不运行传统的组播协议，而是依靠其他技术来完成组播流量的传输。能够解决这些问题的相关技术有，mLDP(Multicast Label Distribution Protocol)技术、P2MP TE(Point-to-MultiPoint Traffic Engineering)技术，BIER(Bit Indexed Explicit Replication)技术等。Multicast technology plays an increasingly important role in the current Internet. IPTV (Interactive Personality TV), Net-Meeting, live broadcast, etc. all use multicast technology. The existing technologies of the multicast include PIM (Protocol Independent Multicast), IGMP (Internet Control Message Protocol), and MLD (Multicast Listener Discovery Protocol). In the initial small application scenario, these existing protocols can meet the needs of users, but with multicastThe application is more and more extensive, and the networking is more and more complex. The multicast is directly applied to the Internet. The multicast status in the backbone network is too large, and a large number of control resources and signaling interactions of the intermediate nodes are occupied. Very good support for the development of VPN (Virtual Private Network) technology that is now widely used. Therefore, the current development direction tends to not run traditional multicast protocols in the backbone network, but relies on other technologies to complete the transmission of multicast traffic. Related technologies that can solve these problems include the MLDP (Multicast Label Distribution Protocol) technology, the P2MP TE (Point-to-MultiPoint Traffic Engineering) technology, and the BIER (Bit Indexed Explicit Replication) technology.

BIER(Bit Indexed Explicit Replication，位索引显式复制)技术的核心思想，将网络边缘的节点都只用一个BIT位来表示，组播流量在中间网络传输，额外封装一个特定的BIER头，这个报文头以BIT位串的形式标注了该组播流的所有目的节点，中间网络转发设备根据BIT位进行路由，保障流量能够发送到所有目的节点。中间节点转发设备事先通过内部协议，比如三层网络中的OSPF(OSPF Open Shortest Path First，开放式最短路径优先)协议，ISIS协议来泛洪节点信息，形成用于指导BIER转发的BIFT(Bit Index Forwarding Table)表，在收到封装了BIER头的流量时，依据BIFT来完成报文到目的节点的转发。The core idea of BIER (Bit Indexed Explicit Replication) technology is to use only one BIT bit to represent nodes at the edge of the network. Multicast traffic is transmitted in the intermediate network, and a specific BIER header is encapsulated. The header labels all destination nodes of the multicast stream in the form of BIT bit strings. The intermediate network forwarding device routes according to the BIT bits, and the guaranteed traffic can be sent to all destination nodes. The intermediate node forwarding device uses the internal protocol, such as OSPF (OSPF Open Shortest Path First) protocol in the Layer 3 network, and the ISIS protocol to flood the node information to form a BIFT (Bit Index) for guiding BIER forwarding. Forwarding Table), when receiving the traffic encapsulating the BIER header, completes the forwarding of the packet to the destination node according to BIFT.

位索引显式复制流量工程(Bit Indexed Explicit Replication Traffic Engineering，简称为BIER TE)技术的核心思想，在BIER技术上更近一步，BIER技术实现的是按照到达目的节点的最短路径进行转发，BIER TE则是使流量按照既定的链路进行传输，直到到达目的节点。BIER TE的技术特点是对支持BIER转发技术中的链路，分配不同的BIT位，在封装组播流量时，同样封装BIT位串在BIER报文头中，但这里BIER报文头位串中的每一位用来标识一个特定的链路，而非一个边缘目的节点。同样，该报文在进入BIER网络中进行转发时，节点对这个报文的处理也跟传统的BIER方式不一样，首先，所查询的BIER TE转发表，是形式与BIER转发表很类似，但实际上完全独立的一个转发表，该表的转发表项中每一位，标识的是一条链路，而不是节点。其次，在根据该转发表项进行转发时，只根据本节点所相连的链路BIT位进行转发和相应处理，保证报文不会回环并且能正确到达目的地。The core idea of the Bit Indexed Explicit Replication Traffic Engineering (BIER TE) technology is a step closer to the BIER technology. The BIER technology implements the forwarding according to the shortest path to the destination node. BIER TE Then, the traffic is transmitted according to the established link until it reaches the destination node. The technical feature of BIER TE is to allocate different BIT bits to the links in the BIER forwarding technology. When encapsulating multicast traffic, the BIT bit string is also encapsulated in the BIER header, but here the BIER packet header string is used. Each bit is used to identify a particular link, not an edge destination node. Similarly, when the message is forwarded into the BIER network, the node processes the message differently from the traditional BIER method. First, the BIER TE forwarding table that is queried is similar in form to the BIER forwarding table, but In fact, a completely independent forwarding table, each bit in the forwarding entry of the table, identifies a link, not a node. Second, forwarding according to the forwarding entryWhen only the link BIT bit connected to the node is forwarded and processed accordingly, the packet is not looped back and can reach the destination correctly.

由此可见，BIER技术可以提供基于最短路径的组播流量转发，并且消除了传统组播技术中间节点需要保存的组播条目状态，是具有先进意义的一种组播技术。BIER TE技术则更进一步，提供了有流量工程需要的组播流转发方式，使组播流量的转发能够得到更为精确的控制，因此BIERTE技术是有同样先进性的和明显优势的技术。在现有的技术中，BIER TE技术只有数据面的转发，缺乏控制面的信息传递。基于此，亟需一种能够进行控制面信息传递的技术方案。It can be seen that the BIER technology can provide multicast traffic forwarding based on the shortest path, and eliminates the state of multicast entries that need to be saved by the intermediate nodes of the traditional multicast technology, and is a multicast technology with advanced significance. BIER TE technology goes a step further and provides a multicast stream forwarding method for traffic engineering, which enables multicast traffic forwarding to be more accurately controlled. Therefore, BIERTE technology is a technology with the same advanced and obvious advantages. In the existing technology, the BIER TE technology only forwards the data plane and lacks the information transmission of the control plane. Based on this, there is a need for a technical solution capable of transmitting control surface information.

发明内容Summary of the invention

有鉴于此，本发明实施例希望提供一种位索引显式复制信息传递方法及装置，以实现在BIER网络中进行控制面信息传递的技术方案。In view of this, the embodiments of the present invention are directed to providing a bit index explicit copy information transmission method and apparatus, so as to implement a technical solution for performing control plane information transmission in a BIER network.

本发明实施例的技术方案是这样实现的：The technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention is implemented as follows:

一方面，本发明实施例提供一种位索引显式复制信息传递方法，所述方法包括：位索引显式复制BIER网络中的节点通过协议扩展传递链路的BIT位置BP信息；其中，所述BP信息为链路的BIER TE控制信息，为标识所述链路的唯一标识。In one aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a bit index explicit replication information delivery method, where the method includes: a bit index explicitly replicating a node in a BIER network to extend a BIT location BP information of a delivery link by using a protocol; The BP information is the BIER TE control information of the link, which is a unique identifier that identifies the link.

在上述方案中，所述节点通过协议扩展传递所述BP信息的同时，所述方法还包括：所述节点通过协议扩展传递链路的以下BIER TE控制信息中的一个或多个：BIER TE能力、位串长度BSL、子域ID号、集标识SI、拓扑ID、链路类型、算法和链路权重。In the above solution, when the node transmits the BP information through protocol extension, the method further includes: the node expanding one or more of the following BIER TE control information of the link by using a protocol: BIER TE capability Bit string length BSL, sub-domain ID number, set identifier SI, topology ID, link type, algorithm, and link weight.

在上述方案中，所述链路包括物理链路和/或虚拟链路。In the above scheme, the link includes a physical link and/or a virtual link.

在上述方案中，所述协议至少包括以下协议中的一种：开放式最短路径优先OSPF协议、中间系统到中间系统ISIS协议、边界网关协议BGP和BABEL协议。In the above solution, the protocol includes at least one of the following: an open shortest path first OSPF protocol, an intermediate system to an intermediate system ISIS protocol, a border gateway protocol BGP, and a BABEL protocol.

在上述方案中，节点通过协议扩展传递链路的BIT位置BP信息之前，所述方法还包括：直接配置链路的BIER TE控制信息；和/或接收下发的链路的BIER TE控制信息。In the above solution, before the node extends the BIT location BP information of the link through the protocol,The method further includes: directly configuring BIER TE control information of the link; and/or receiving BIER TE control information of the delivered link.

在上述方案中，所述方法还包括：根据链路的BIER TE控制信息生成相应的BIER TE转发表项。In the above solution, the method further includes: generating a corresponding BIER TE forwarding entry according to the BIER TE control information of the link.

在上述方案中，根据链路的BIER TE控制信息，通过以下算法之一计算出对应的BIER TE转发表项：最短路径优先SPF算法、约束路径算法。In the foregoing solution, according to the BIER TE control information of the link, the corresponding BIER TE forwarding entry is calculated by one of the following algorithms: a shortest path first SPF algorithm and a constraint path algorithm.

在上述方案中，所述方法还包括：根据所述BIER TE转发表项转发以BIER TE方式封装的报文。In the above solution, the method further includes: forwarding, according to the BIER TE forwarding entry, a packet encapsulated in a BIER TE manner.

另一方面，本发明实施例还提供一种位索引显式复制信息传递装置，应用于位索引显式复制BIER网络中的节点，所述装置包括：发送模块，设置为通过协议扩展传递链路的BIT位置BP信息；其中，所述BP信息为链路的BIER TE的控制面信息，为指示所述链路的唯一标识。In another aspect, the embodiment of the present invention further provides a bit index explicit copy information transmitting apparatus, which is applied to a bit index to explicitly replicate a node in a BIER network, where the apparatus includes: a sending module, configured to extend a transmission link by using a protocol BIT location BP information; wherein the BP information is control plane information of the BIER TE of the link, and is a unique identifier indicating the link.

在上述方案中，所述发送模块还设置为通过协议扩展传递链路的以下BIER TE控制信息中的一个或多个：BIER TE能力、位串长度BSL、子域ID号、集标识SI、拓扑ID、链路类型、算法和链路权重。In the above solution, the sending module is further configured to extend one or more of the following BIER TE control information of the delivery link by using a protocol: BIER TE capability, bit string length BSL, sub-domain ID number, set identifier SI, topology ID, link type, algorithm, and link weight.

在上述方案中，所述装置还包括：处理模块，设置为根据链路的BIERTE控制信息生成相应的BIER TE转发表项。In the above solution, the apparatus further includes: a processing module, configured to generate a corresponding BIER TE forwarding entry according to the BIERTE control information of the link.

在上述方案中，所述装置还包括：转发模块，设置为根据所述BIER TE转发表项转发以BIER TE方式封装的报文。In the above solution, the device further includes: a forwarding module, configured to forward the packet encapsulated in the BIER TE manner according to the BIER TE forwarding entry.

根据本发明的又一个实施例，还提供了一种存储介质，所述存储介质包括存储的程序，其中，所述程序运行时执行上述任一项所述的方法。According to still another embodiment of the present invention, there is also provided a storage medium comprising a stored program, wherein the program is executed to perform the method of any of the above.

根据本发明的又一个实施例，还提供了一种处理器，所述处理器用于运行程序，其中，所述程序运行时执行上述任一项所述的方法。According to still another embodiment of the present invention, there is also provided a processor for running a program, wherein the program is executed to perform the method of any of the above.

本发明实施例的一种位索引显式复制信息传递方法及装置，BIER位索引显式复制网络中的节点通过协议扩展传递所述节点的链路的BIT位置BP信息；其中，所述BP信息为所述节点的BIER TE控制信息，为指示所述路径的唯一标识。如此，实现BIER TE控制信息在网络中的控制面传递，使网络节点能够根据该信息生成BIER TE转发表项，实现BIER TE的流量封装及转发。从而使BIER TE技术能够真正在网络中实现应用。A bit index explicit copy information transmission method and apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, a node in a BIER bit index explicit replication network transmits a BIT location BP information of a link of the node by using a protocol extension; wherein the BP information For the BIER TE control information of the node,Shows the unique identifier of the path. In this way, the BIER TE control information is transmitted on the control plane of the network, so that the network node can generate a BIER TE forwarding entry according to the information, and implement BIER TE traffic encapsulation and forwarding. This enables BIER TE technology to be truly implemented in the network.

附图说明DRAWINGS

图1为本发明实施例一提供的一种位索引显式复制信息传递方法的流程示意图；1 is a schematic flowchart of a bit index explicit copy information transmission method according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

图2为本发明实施例二提供的一种位索引显式复制信息传递方法的流程示意图；FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart diagram of a bit index explicit copy information transmission method according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention; FIG.

图3为本发明实施例三提供的网络结构示意图；3 is a schematic structural diagram of a network according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

图4为发明实施例三提供的OSPF和ISIS协议扩展格式的示意图；4 is a schematic diagram of an OSPF and ISIS protocol extended format provided by Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

图5为本发明实施例三提供的BGP和BABEL协议扩展格式的示意图状；FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an extended format of a BGP and a BABEL protocol according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

图6为本发明实施例四提供的网络结构示意图；FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a network according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention;

图7为本发明实施例四提供的OSPF和ISIS协议扩展格式的示意图；FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of an OSPF and ISIS protocol extended format according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention; FIG.

图8为本发明实施例五提供的网络结构示意图；FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a network according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention; FIG.

图9为本发明实施例六提供的网络结构示意图；9 is a schematic structural diagram of a network according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention;

图10为本发明实施例七提供的网络结构示意图；FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a network according to Embodiment 7 of the present invention;

图11为本发明实施例八提供的一种位索引显式复制信息传递装置的结构示意图；11 is a schematic structural diagram of a bit index explicit copy information transmitting apparatus according to Embodiment 8 of the present invention;

图12为本发明实施例八提供的另一种位索引显式复制信息传递装置的结构示意图。FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of another bit index explicit copy information transmitting apparatus according to Embodiment 8 of the present invention.

具体实施方式detailed description

在本发明的各种实施例中：BIER网络中的节点通过协议扩展传递所述节点的链路的BIT位置BP信息；其中，所述BP信息为所述节点的BIERTE的控制信息，为指示所述路径的唯一标识，当节点需要进行报文的转发时，通过根据BP信息生成的转发表项转发BIER TE格式封装的报文、In various embodiments of the present invention, a node in a BIER network transmits BIT location BP information of a link of the node by protocol extension; wherein the BP information is control information of a BIERTE of the node, which is an indication The unique identifier of the path, when the node needs to perform packet transferThe BIER TE format encapsulated packet is forwarded by the forwarding entry generated based on the BP information.

下面结合附图对技术方案的实施作进一步的详细描述。The implementation of the technical solution will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

实施例一Embodiment 1

本发明实施例一提供一种BIER信息传递方法，如图1所示，该方法包括：A first embodiment of the present invention provides a BIER information transmission method. As shown in FIG. 1, the method includes:

S101，BIER网络中的节点通过协议扩展传递链路的BIT位置BP信息；其中，所述BP信息为链路的BIER TE控制信息，为指示所述链路的唯一标识；S101. The node in the BIER network extends the BIT location BP information of the link by using a protocol. The BP information is BIER TE control information of the link, and is a unique identifier indicating the link.

这里，BIER网络中的节点将自身与另一节点之间的链路进行标识作为该节点的BP信息，通过通知传递给其他的节点。这里其他节点可为该节点所属BIER网络中的除该节点自身之外的任意一节点。Here, the node in the BIER network identifies the link between itself and another node as the BP information of the node, and transmits it to other nodes through notification. Here, other nodes may be any node other than the node itself in the BIER network to which the node belongs.

这里，链路可包括物理链路和/或虚拟链路，例如，某链路的两端的节点分别称为第一节点和第二节点，其中，第二节点可为第一节点的相邻节点，也可为第一节点的非相邻节点。当第二节点为第一节点的相邻节点时，该链路为物理链路，链路的BP信息为第一节点与第二节点之间的物理链路的唯一标识；当第二节点为第一节点的非相邻节点时，该链路为虚拟链路，链路的BP信息为第一节点与第二节点之间的虚拟链路的唯一标识，该虚拟链路包括跨越第一节点与第二节点之间的多个节点的多条相连的物理路径。Here, the link may include a physical link and/or a virtual link. For example, nodes at both ends of a link are respectively referred to as a first node and a second node, where the second node may be a neighboring node of the first node. It can also be a non-adjacent node of the first node. When the second node is a neighboring node of the first node, the link is a physical link, and the BP information of the link is a unique identifier of the physical link between the first node and the second node; when the second node is When the non-adjacent node of the first node is a virtual link, the BP information of the link is a unique identifier of the virtual link between the first node and the second node, and the virtual link includes the first node. A plurality of connected physical paths of a plurality of nodes with the second node.

需要说明的是，当某一节点向其他节点发送链路的BP信息时，该节点也可接收其他节点发送的链路的BP信息，也就是说，BIER网络中的任一节点可向其他节点发送的链路的BP信息，也可接收其他节点发送的链路的BP信息。It should be noted that when a node sends the BP information of the link to other nodes, the node may also receive the BP information of the link sent by other nodes, that is, any node in the BIER network may go to other nodes. The BP information of the transmitted link can also receive the BP information of the link sent by other nodes.

需要说明的是，节点发送的链路的BP信息可为该节点自身的对应的链路的BP信息，也可为接收的其他节点对应的链路的BP信息，从而使得BIER网络中的节点可以直接接收某一节点对应的链路的BP信息，也可通过学习获取其他节点对应的链路的BP信息。It should be noted that the BP information of the link sent by the node may be the BP information of the corresponding link of the node itself, or may be the BP information of the link corresponding to the received other node, so that the node in the BIER network can The BP information of the link corresponding to a certain node can be directly received, and the BP information of the link corresponding to other nodes can also be learned.

这里，用于传递BP信息的协议至少包括以下协议中的一种：开放式最短路径优先OSPF协议、中间系统到中间系统ISIS协议、边界网关协议BGP和BABEL协议。可通过在协议的消息中增加字段来传递BP信息，实现协议的扩展。这里，对于协议的具体扩展形式不进行限制，对于具体的协议的使用这里不再具体赘述。Here, the protocol for transmitting BP information includes at least one of the following protocols: an open shortest path first OSPF protocol, an intermediate system to an intermediate system ISIS protocol, a border gateway protocol BGP, and a BABEL protocol. The extension of the protocol can be achieved by adding BP information to the message in the protocol to pass the BP information. Here, the specific extended form of the protocol is not limited, and the use of the specific protocol is not specifically described herein.

这里，节点通过协议扩展传递链路的BIT位置BP信息之前，所述方法还包括：直接配置链路的BIER TE控制信息；和/或接收下发的链路的BIER TE控制信息。这里，可通过节点自行配置其链路的BIERTE控制信息，也可通过节点的控制端比如控制器来配置其链路的BIERTE控制信息，然后通过控制端下发至节点。Here, before the node extends the BIT location BP information of the link by using the protocol, the method further includes: directly configuring the BIER TE control information of the link; and/or receiving the BIER TE control information of the delivered link. Here, the BIERTE control information of the link may be configured by the node itself, or the BIERTE control information of the link may be configured by the control end of the node, such as a controller, and then sent to the node through the control end.

S102，根据链路的BIER TE控制信息生成相应的BIER TE转发表项；S102. Generate a corresponding BIER TE forwarding entry according to the BIER TE control information of the link.

这里，根据链路的BIER TE控制信息，通过以下算法之一计算出对应的BIER TE转发表项：最短路径优先SPF算法、约束路径算法。Here, according to the BIER TE control information of the link, the corresponding BIER TE forwarding entry is calculated by one of the following algorithms: a shortest path first SPF algorithm and a constraint path algorithm.

当节点接收到所有其他所有节点的BP信息后，实际上收到的是比较散乱的BP信息，比如，节点1接收到的关于节点2的BP信息包括链路1，而收到关于节点3的BP信息也包含链路1，但此时，并未将节点2、节点3、链路1的关系联系起来，此时可通过SPF算法、约束路径算法等算法将节点2、节点3、路径1联系起来，确定节点1、节点2之间的链路的BP信息为链路1。When the node receives the BP information of all other nodes, it actually receives the relatively scattered BP information. For example, the BP information about the node 2 received by the node 1 includes the link 1 and the node 3 is received. The BP information also includes the link 1, but at this time, the relationship between the node 2, the node 3, and the link 1 is not associated. At this time, the node 2, the node 3, and the path 1 can be performed by an algorithm such as an SPF algorithm or a constraint path algorithm. In connection, it is determined that the BP information of the link between node 1 and node 2 is link 1.

BIER网络中的节点根据接收到的所有的BP信息生成包含该BIER网络中的所有链路的对应的BP信息，将每一条链路的节点与该链路的BP信息以及进行对应，生成该网络的转发表项。The node in the BIER network generates corresponding BP information including all the links in the BIER network according to all the received BP information, and associates the node of each link with the BP information of the link to generate the network. Forwarding entry.

S103，根据所述BIER TE转发表项转发以BIER TE方式封装的报文。S103. Forward the packet encapsulated in the BIER TE manner according to the BIER TE forwarding entry.

当入口节点存在组播流量需要进行封装时，通过入口节点的信息和出口节点的信息计算出该组播流量转发所需的路径，根据转发表项将这些路径所包括的链路对应的控制信息中的BP信息封装到BIER TE报文头中，比如，报文头中的位串部分，生成以BIER TE方式封装的报文，当该路径中各参与转发节点在发现是BIER TE类型的报文后，根据BIER TE转发表进行转发。这里，当网络的转发节点接收到该以BIER TE方式封装的报文时，根据封装的报文头以及各节点本地的转发表项转发该组播流量直至目的节点。When the ingress node has multicast traffic to be encapsulated, the path required for the multicast traffic forwarding is calculated through the information of the ingress node and the information of the egress node, and the control information corresponding to the link included in the path is obtained according to the forwarding entry. The BP information is encapsulated in the BIER TE packet header. For example, the bit string part in the packet header generates a packet encapsulated in BIER TE mode.The participating forwarding nodes forward the packet according to the BIER TE forwarding table after discovering the packet of the BIER TE type. Here, when the forwarding node of the network receives the packet encapsulated in the BIER TE mode, the multicast traffic is forwarded to the destination node according to the encapsulated packet header and the local forwarding entry of each node.

这里，本实施例中的以BIER TE方式封装的报文即BIER TE报文与BIER报文的区别在于，BitString(位串)信息中封装的不是每个节点所对应的BP信息，而是链路所对应的BP信息。The difference between the BIER TE message and the BIER message encapsulated in the BIER TE mode in this embodiment is that the BitString (bit string) information encapsulates not the BP information corresponding to each node, but the chain. BP information corresponding to the road.

通过本发明实施例提供的位索引显式复制信息传递方法，能够实现BIER TE控制信息在网络中的控制面传递，使网络节点能够根据该控制信息生成BIER TE转发表项，实现BIER TE的流量封装及转发。从而使BIERTE技术能够真正在网络中实现应用，对组播技术和网络的发展有非常重要的促进作用，对组播技术和网络的发展有非常重要的促进作用。The bit index explicit copy information transmission method provided by the embodiment of the present invention can implement the control plane transmission of the BIER TE control information in the network, so that the network node can generate a BIER TE forwarding entry according to the control information, and implement BIER TE traffic. Encapsulation and forwarding. Therefore, BIERTE technology can be realized in the network, which plays an important role in promoting the development of multicast technology and network, and plays an important role in promoting the development of multicast technology and network.

实施例二Embodiment 2

本发明实施例一提供一种BIER信息传递方法，如图1所示，该方法包括：A first embodiment of the present invention provides a BIER information transmission method. As shown in FIG. 1, the method includes:

S201，BIER网络中的节点通过协议扩展传递链路的BIT位置BP信息；其中，所述BP信息为链路的BIER TE控制信息，为指示所述链路的唯一标识；S201, the node in the BIER network extends the BIT location BP information of the link by using a protocol; wherein the BP information is BIER TE control information of the link, and is a unique identifier indicating the link;

S202，所述节点通过协议扩展传递所述BP信息的同时，所述节点通过协议扩展传递链路的以下BIER TE控制信息中的一个或多个：BIER TE能力、位串长度BSL、子域ID号、集标识SI、拓扑ID、链路类型、算法和链路权重。S202. The node transmits the BP information by using a protocol extension, and the node extends one or more of the following BIER TE control information of the link by using a protocol: BIER TE capability, bit string length BSL, and sub-domain ID. Number, set identifier SI, topology ID, link type, algorithm, and link weight.

这里，节点之间通过扩展协议传递的BIER TE控制信息不仅包括链路的BP信息，还可包括BIER TE能力、位串长度BSL、子域ID号、集标识SI、拓扑ID、链路类型、算法和链路权重等信息，其中，BIER TE能力用于标识该链路对应节点是否支持BIER TE，比如，链路1的节点为节点1和节点2，可通过链路1对应的BIER TE能力确定节点1或者节点2不支持BIER TE，具体的，用于指示节点1不支持还是节点1不支持可进行设置；BSL可用于指示该节点所支持的位串长度；子域ID号用于指示该节点所属的子域的标识，表示该节点具体属于哪一个子域；SI用于指示该节点所属的集的标识，表示该节点具体属于哪一个集，拓扑ID指示该节点所属的拓扑的标识，表示该节点具体属于哪一个拓扑，这里，通过子域、集、拓扑对网络进行分层，尤其对具有大量节点的网络而言，使网络结构清晰；链路类型用于指示该链路为虚拟链路还是物理链路；算法用于指示该链路所使用的算法；链路权重用于指示该链路的权重，这里，可根据链路所述的流量带宽来设置链路权重。Here, the BIER TE control information transmitted by the nodes through the extended protocol includes not only the BP information of the link, but also the BIER TE capability, the bit string length BSL, the sub-domain ID number, the set identifier SI, the topology ID, the link type, The BIER TE capability is used to identify whether the corresponding node of the link supports BIER TE. For example, the node of link 1 is node 1 and node 2, and the BIER TE capability corresponding to link 1 can be obtained. Determine node 1 or node 2BIER TE is not supported. Specifically, it is used to indicate whether node 1 is not supported or node 1 is not supported. The BSL can be used to indicate the bit string length supported by the node. The sub-domain ID number is used to indicate the sub-domain to which the node belongs. The identifier of the node indicates the sub-domain to which the node belongs. The SI is used to indicate the identifier of the set to which the node belongs, which indicates which set the node belongs to. The topology ID indicates the identifier of the topology to which the node belongs, indicating that the node belongs to the node. Which topology, here, stratifies the network through subdomains, sets, and topologies, especially for networks with a large number of nodes, making the network structure clear; link type is used to indicate whether the link is a virtual link or a physical chain The algorithm is used to indicate the algorithm used by the link; the link weight is used to indicate the weight of the link, where the link weight can be set according to the traffic bandwidth described by the link.

需要说明的是，链路的BIER TE控制信息可不限制在上述信息，可根据用户的需求进行设置。It should be noted that the BIER TE control information of the link may not be limited to the above information, and may be set according to the needs of the user.

这里，用于传递BIER TE控制信息的协议至少包括以下协议中的一种：开放式最短路径优先OSPF协议、中间系统到中间系统ISIS协议、边界网关协议BGP和BABEL协议。可通过在协议的消息中增加字段来传递BIER TE控制信息，实现协议的扩展。这里，对于协议的具体扩展形式不进行限制，对于具体的协议的使用这里不再具体赘述。Here, the protocol for transmitting BIER TE control information includes at least one of the following: an open shortest path first OSPF protocol, an intermediate system to intermediate system ISIS protocol, a border gateway protocol BGP, and a BABEL protocol. The BIER TE control information can be passed by adding fields in the protocol message to implement the extension of the protocol. Here, the specific extended form of the protocol is not limited, and the use of the specific protocol is not specifically described herein.

S203，根据链路的BIER TE控制信息生成相应的BIER TE转发表项；S203. Generate a corresponding BIER TE forwarding entry according to the BIER TE control information of the link.

这里，根据链路的BIER TE控制信息，通过以下算法之一计算出对应的BIER TE转发表项：最短路径优先SPF算法、约束路径算法。Here, according to the BIER TE control information of the link, the corresponding BIER TE forwarding entry is calculated by one of the following algorithms: a shortest path first SPF algorithm and a constraint path algorithm.

这里，根据传递的所有的BIER TE控制信息通过上述算法生成转发表项。Here, the forwarding entry is generated by the above algorithm according to all the BIER TE control information passed.

S204，根据所述BIER TE转发表项转发以BIER TE方式封装的报文。S204: Forward the packet encapsulated in the BIER TE manner according to the BIER TE forwarding entry.

这里，在入口节点以BIER TE方式封装报文时，报文头中关于路径的信息可携带路径所包括的链路的BP信息，也可在BP信息之外再携带该链路对应其他BIER TE信息。当然，根据BP信息即可确定待转发的组播流量的路径，当转发节点接收到报文头时，根据本地的转发表项中的链路与节点的信息确定待发送的下一节点，以及该链路的相关情况，比如，是否支持BIER TE，该链路为虚拟链路还是物理链路，算法等确定此时转发的报文封装的格式，以使得下一节点进行正确的转发。Here, when the ingress node encapsulates the packet in the BIER TE mode, the information about the path in the packet header may carry the BP information of the link included in the path, and may also carry the link corresponding to other BIER TE in addition to the BP information. information. Certainly, the path of the multicast traffic to be forwarded can be determined according to the BP information. When the forwarding node receives the packet header, the forwarding node determines the next node to be sent according to the information of the link and the node in the local forwarding entry, and The relevant situation of the link, for example, isWhether BIER TE is supported, whether the link is a virtual link or a physical link, and the algorithm determines the format of the packet to be forwarded at this time, so that the next node performs correct forwarding.

通过本发明实施例的方法，通过链路的BIER TE控制信息的在各个节点之间的传递，使得节点根据传递的BIER TE控制信息生成转发表，根据该转发表实现组播数据流在BIER网络中的正确、快捷的组播。Through the method of the embodiment of the present invention, the BIER TE control information of the link is transmitted between the nodes, so that the node generates a forwarding table according to the transmitted BIER TE control information, and implements the multicast data flow in the BIER network according to the forwarding table. Correct and fast multicast.

实施例三Embodiment 3

在本实施例中，首先通过举例网络对链路的BP进行介绍，以进一步的对本发明的位索引显式复制信息传递方法进行进一步描述。In this embodiment, the BP of the link is first introduced by way of an example network to further describe the bit index explicit copy information transmission method of the present invention.

这里，通过包括多个节点的运行BIER TE技术的BIER网络为例对本发明中的链路的BP信息进行示例性描述，如图3所示，所有节点组成了一个运行的BIER TE技术的网络，这些节点包括节点1、节点2至到节点15，其中，节点1是连接源1的节点，节点2、节点3、节点4、节点5、节点6时连接对应的接收者的节点，这里，节点1、节点2、节点3、节点4、节点5、节点6是连接源或者接收者的网络的边缘节点，节点11、节点12、节点13、节点14、节点15、节点16、节点17是中间转发节点。Here, the BP information of the link in the present invention is exemplarily described by using a BIER network running multiple BIER TE technologies as an example. As shown in FIG. 3, all the nodes form a network of running BIER TE technologies. These nodes include node 1, node 2 to node 15, where node 1 is the node connecting source 1, node 2, node 3, node 4, node 5, node 6 is connected to the corresponding receiver node, here, node 1. Node 2, Node 3, Node 4, Node 5, and Node 6 are edge nodes of the network connecting the source or the receiver. Node 11, Node 12, Node 13, Node 14, Node 15, Node 16, and Node 17 are intermediate. Forward the node.

如图3所示，为该网络中的节点的链路分配了BP信息，以支持BIERTE功能，其中，可通过数字标识来标识链路，即不同的链路分配不同的数字标识作为该链路对应的BP信息，例如，链路后的数字标识即表示为给链路所分配的BP信息，比如节点1与节点11间的链路，分配的BP为链路1，节点11与节点12、节点14、节点16相连的链路分配的BP分别为链路11、链路2、链路3，节点14与节点12、节点13、节点15、节点17所相连的链路分配的BP分别为链路13、链路14、链路9、链路17，节点5与节点13、节点15相连的链路分配的BP分别为链路15、链路10，其他的链路分配方式与上述几个节点的分配方式相同。As shown in FIG. 3, BP information is allocated to the links of the nodes in the network to support the BIERTE function, wherein the links can be identified by digital identifiers, that is, different links are assigned different digital identifiers as the link. Corresponding BP information, for example, the digital identifier after the link is represented as BP information allocated to the link, such as the link between node 1 and node 11, the assigned BP is link 1, node 11 and node 12, The BPs of the links to which the nodes 14 and 16 are connected are respectively the link 11, the link 2, and the link 3. The BPs assigned by the nodes 14 and the nodes connected to the node 12, the node 13, the node 15, and the node 17 are respectively BP. The links allocated by the link 13, the link 14, the link 9, the link 17, the node 5 and the node 13 and the node 15 are respectively the link 15 and the link 10, and other link allocation modes and the above The nodes are assigned in the same way.

BIER TE的BP信息进行通告的形式可以是TLV(Type，Length、BitPosition Value)的方式，该方式可以提供较强的扩展性，当然也可以通过已有的协议通告内容附加方式来实现，从而通过协议扩展传递链路的BP信息。这里的协议可以包括以下协议中的一种或多种：OSPF协议、ISIS协议、BGP和BABEL协议，其中，对于OSPF和ISIS协议，基于这两个协议是链路状态协议，扩展的TLV方式可以采用图4所示的方式，协同这两个协议的链路通告一起泛洪，以此实现链路与BP的对应通告；对于BGP和BABEL协议，基于这两个协议是距离矢量协议，没有直接的链路通告，可以采用图5所示的方式进行通告，通过包括：Type，Length、链路使用名称/ID号(interface name/id)，和/或邻居/下一跳(neighbor/nexthop)、BitPosition Value来标识，同样可以使网络中的节点学习到链路与BP的对应关系。这里，对通告方式中的具体字符所代表的信息，以及具体的通知形式与现有技术相同，这里不再进行赘述。BIER TE's BP information can be advertised in the form of TLV (Type, Length, BitPosition Value). This method can provide strong scalability, and can also be implemented through existing protocol notification content attachment methods. Protocol extension transfer linkBP information. The protocol herein may include one or more of the following protocols: OSPF protocol, ISIS protocol, BGP, and BABEL protocol, where, for OSPF and ISIS protocols, the two protocols are link state protocols, and the extended TLV mode may In the manner shown in Figure 4, the link advertisements of the two protocols are flooded together to implement the corresponding notification of the link and BP; for the BGP and BABEL protocols, the two protocols are distance vector protocols, and there is no direct The link advertisement can be advertised in the manner shown in Figure 5, including: Type, Length, link use name/ID number (interface name/id), and/or neighbor/nexthop (neighbor/nexthop) The BitPosition Value is used to identify, and the nodes in the network can learn the correspondence between the link and the BP. Here, the information represented by the specific characters in the notification mode, and the specific notification form are the same as the prior art, and will not be described again here.

在具体的技术实现中，进行通告的信息也可以分散开来单独发布，每个信息作为一个独立的TLV进行通告。这里，图4与图5所示的格式作为一种通告方式的距离，本发明对通告的格式并不做限制。In a specific technical implementation, the information to be advertised may also be distributed separately and each information is advertised as a separate TLV. Here, the format shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 is used as a distance of the notification mode, and the present invention does not limit the format of the advertisement.

在本发明实施例中，链路的控制信息可以通过配置在各个节点上的方式实现，也可以通过控制器或者其他方式下发，为了形成能供流量转发的BIER TE转发表，这些信息需要在网络中实现通告，使各个节点都能够根据流量的需要对BIER TE的报文头做相应的封装，以生成可供BIER TE转发的转发表项。In the embodiment of the present invention, the control information of the link may be implemented by being configured on each node, or may be sent by a controller or other means. In order to form a BIER TE forwarding table that can be used for traffic forwarding, the information needs to be The advertisement is implemented in the network, so that each node can encapsulate the packet header of the BIER TE according to the needs of the traffic to generate a forwarding entry that can be forwarded by the BIER TE.

在网络中进行通告时，可以利用OSPF协议、ISIS协议、BGP协议和BABEL协议的通告机制来进行信息通告，从而保证网络中的节点能收到该信息并通过处理生成相应的BIER TE转发表项。When advertising in the network, the OSPF, ISIS, BGP, and BABEL notification mechanisms can be used to advertise information, so that nodes in the network can receive the information and generate corresponding BIER TE forwarding entries through processing. .

特别的，对于与源连接的入口节点，在获知了链路的BP信息后，当组播流量需要进行封装时，根据各种计算方式得出路径信息后，将这些路径对应的BP信息封装到BIER TE报文头中。本实施例中携带BIER TE报文头的BIER TE报文即以BIER TE方式进行封装的报文与BIER报文的区别在于，BitString位串信息中封装的，不是每个节点所对应的BP信息，而是链路所对应的BP信息。各参与转发节点在发现是BIER TE类型的报文后，根据各参与转发节点本地的BIER TE转发表进行转发。In particular, after the BP information of the link is learned, after the BP information of the link is learned, when the multicast traffic needs to be encapsulated, the path information is obtained according to various calculation methods, and the BP information corresponding to the path is encapsulated to BIER TE message header. The BIER TE packet carrying the BIER TE packet header in this embodiment is different from the BIER packet in the BIER TE mode. The BitString bit string information is encapsulated, not the BP information corresponding to each node. , but the BP information corresponding to the link. Each participating forwarding node discovers that it is a BIER TE type report.After the text, the forwarding is performed according to the BIER TE forwarding table local to each participating forwarding node.

需要说明的是，在本发明实施例提供的附图中，通过虚线表示源或接收者与节点之间的通信链路，这里，具体的通信链路的形式可为本领域技术人员可想到的任何的通信链路，通过实线表示节点与节点之间的链路，该链路为物理链路。It should be noted that, in the drawings provided by the embodiments of the present invention, the communication link between the source or the receiver and the node is indicated by a broken line. Here, the form of the specific communication link may be conceivable by those skilled in the art. Any communication link, through a solid line, represents the link between the node and the node, which is a physical link.

实施例四Embodiment 4

在本实施例中，通过具有分层结构的网络对本发明实施例提供的位索引显式复制信息传递方法进行进一步说明，其中，如图6所示，该网络为了支持业务需求，将网络中的链路分为两层结构，这个方式可以通过BIER技术中的分不同子域sub-domian方式来实现，从而实现多业务网络。这里，通过虚线和实线对不同的子域进行区分，虚线所示的链路为子域1的链路，实线所示的链路为子域2的链路。如图6所示，中间网络虚线链路属于子域1，sub-domian-id为1，实线链路属于子域2，sub-domian-id为2。其中，节点1与节点11之间的链路、节点11与节点14之间的链路、节点14与节点15之间的链路都同时属于2个子域，这几条链路在两个子域中都会有链路BP信息，节点1与节点11之间的链路在子域1中的BP为1，在子域2中的BP为21；节点11与节点14之间的链路在子域1中的BP为2，在子域2中的BP为28；节点14与节点15之间的链路在子域1中的BP为9，在子域2中的BP为29。In this embodiment, the bit index explicit replication information delivery method provided by the embodiment of the present invention is further described by a network having a hierarchical structure, wherein, as shown in FIG. 6, the network is in a network in order to support service requirements. The link is divided into two layers. This method can be implemented by sub-domian sub-domains in the BIER technology to implement a multi-service network. Here, the different sub-domains are distinguished by a broken line and a solid line, the link indicated by the broken line is the link of the sub-domain 1, and the link indicated by the solid line is the link of the sub-domain 2. As shown in FIG. 6, the intermediate network dotted link belongs to subdomain 1, sub-domian-id is 1, the solid link belongs to subdomain 2, and the sub-domian-id is 2. The link between the node 1 and the node 11, the link between the node 11 and the node 14, and the link between the node 14 and the node 15 all belong to two sub-domains, and the links are in two sub-domains. There will be link BP information in the link, the link between node 1 and node 11 has a BP of 1 in subdomain 1, and BP in subdomain 2 is 21; the link between node 11 and node 14 is in the middle. The BP in domain 1 is 2, the BP in subdomain 2 is 28; the link between node 14 and node 15 has a BP of 9 in subdomain 1 and a BP of 29 in subdomain 2.

在OSPF和ISIS协议中，可以协同通告链路信息，通告采用如图7所示的TLV信息，在图4的基础上将该链路及其对应的sub-domian-id一并通告。同样在BGP和BABEL协议中，可以采用在图5基础上增加sub-domian-id的方式一起通告。In the OSPF and ISIS protocols, the link information can be advertised in association with the TLV information as shown in FIG. 7, and the link and its corresponding sub-domian-id are advertised together on the basis of FIG. Also in the BGP and BABEL protocols, the sub-domian-id can be advertised together on the basis of Figure 5.

链路的分层也可以通过、拓扑ID的方式来进行多级分层。在通告链路的BIER TE控制信息时，协同SI、拓扑ID一起通告，同样可以实现链路的分层管理功能。The layering of the link can also be multi-level layered by way of topology ID. When the BIER TE control information of the link is advertised, the SI and the topology ID are advertised together, and the layer management function of the link can also be implemented.

同样的，这些信息也可以单独发布，每个信息作为一个独立的TLV进行通告。Again, this information can be published separately, with each message as an independent TLV.Announce.

实施例五Embodiment 5

在本实施例中，以图8所示的网络对本发明提供的位索引显式复制信息传递方法中组播流量的组播进行描述，以进一步对本发明提供的位索引显式复制信息传递方法进行描述，其中，这里认为网络中的各节点已接收到其他的所有节点的BIER TE控制信息，并已经生成本地的转发表项，这里，进行通告的协议可以为OSPF协议，节点通过协议扩展学习到了各个链路的BP等BIER TE控制信息。In this embodiment, the multicast of the multicast traffic in the bit index explicit replication information delivery method provided by the present invention is described by the network shown in FIG. 8 to further perform the bit index explicit replication information delivery method provided by the present invention. Description, wherein, in this case, each node in the network has received BIER TE control information of all other nodes, and has generated a local forwarding entry. Here, the protocol for advertising can be OSPF protocol, and the node learns through protocol extension. BIER TE control information such as BP of each link.

在图8所示的网络中，入口节点是节点1，有接收者的出口节点分别为节点2，节点3和节点4。当存在一条组播流量时，根据该组播流量的业务开展需要，入口节点1通过路径计算获知到这条组播流量需要在该网络中经过链路1，链路2，链路6，链路7和链路8到达接收者。根据转发表项中具有这些链路BP信息的链路，入口节点1在封装该组播流量时，将这几条链路所对应的BP信息封装到BIER TE报文头中的位串部分，由此该组播流量经过的网络中路径包括链路1，链路2，链路6，链路7和链路8，当节点1确定报文头中携带链路1和链路2时，根据本地的转发表项将组播流量转发至节点2和节点5，当节点5接收到组播流量时，将组播流量转发至节点6，从而，使得转发节点包括节点1、节点5、节点6可根据该报文头及本地所生成的BIER TE转发表项转发流量到出口节点节点2、节点3、节点4，从而到达接收者，实现流量的组播。In the network shown in FIG. 8, the ingress node is node 1, and the egress nodes having the receiver are node 2, node 3, and node 4. When there is a multicast traffic, according to the service development of the multicast traffic, the ingress node 1 learns through the path calculation that the multicast traffic needs to pass through the link 1, link 2, link 6, and chain in the network. Road 7 and link 8 arrive at the receiver. According to the link with the link BP information in the forwarding entry, the ingress node 1 encapsulates the BP information corresponding to the links into the bit string part of the BIER TE packet header when encapsulating the multicast traffic. The path in the network through which the multicast traffic passes includes link 1, link 2, link 6, link 7 and link 8. When node 1 determines that the packet header carries link 1 and link 2, The multicast traffic is forwarded to the node 2 and the node 5 according to the local forwarding entry. When the node 5 receives the multicast traffic, the multicast traffic is forwarded to the node 6, so that the forwarding node includes the node 1, the node 5, and the node. 6 The traffic can be forwarded to the egress node 2, node 3, and node 4 according to the BIER TE forwarding entry generated by the packet header and the local device, so as to reach the receiver and implement multicast of the traffic.

实施例六Embodiment 6

在本实施例中，通过如图9所示的网络对链路的BIER TE控制信息中的链路权重在本实施例提供的位索引显式复制信息传递方法中的应用进行说明。In this embodiment, the application of the link weight in the BIER TE control information of the link in the network shown in FIG. 9 in the bit index explicit copy information transmission method provided in this embodiment is described.

这里，根据业务的需求，链路可以采用权重的方式来影响其链路在业务转发中的角色。如图9所示，从节点2到达节点6进行业务转发时，可通过链路3和链路8，也可链路7和链路4来实现。当通过路由协议的算路，这两条路径为等价路径，这样节点2在作为流量的入口节点时，可能会采用均衡的方式来分担流量在两条路径上。但实际上存在一种可能性，链路7是一条不稳定的链路，或者可用带宽较少，因此该链路在进行信息通告时，可将其链路权重设置为较低的值，这样在节点2进行流量封装时，能够根据BIER TE控制信息中的链路权重进行考虑转发的路径，从而减少该链路上所封装的流量。这里，链路权重的设置可根据该链路的可用带宽来进行设置。Here, according to the needs of the service, the link may use a weight to affect the role of its link in service forwarding. As shown in FIG. 9, when the node 2 arrives at the node 6 for service forwarding, it can be implemented through the link 3 and the link 8, or the link 7 and the link 4. When calculating through a routing protocolThe two paths are equal-cost paths. Therefore, when node 2 is the ingress node of traffic, it may use equalization to share traffic on the two paths. However, there is actually a possibility that link 7 is an unstable link or has less available bandwidth, so the link can set its link weight to a lower value when advertising information. When the node 2 performs traffic encapsulation, the path considered for forwarding can be considered according to the link weight in the BIER TE control information, thereby reducing the traffic encapsulated on the link. Here, the setting of the link weight can be set according to the available bandwidth of the link.

在实际应用中，链路权重的设置依据可不限制在可用带宽上。In practical applications, the basis for setting the link weight may not be limited to the available bandwidth.

这里，链路权重的通告也可采用类似于图4或者图7的方式来进行通告。本发明示例仅仅是格式参考。Here, the notification of the link weight can also be advertised in a manner similar to FIG. 4 or FIG. The examples of the invention are merely format references.

实施例七Example 7

在本实施例中，通过如图10所示的网络对链路的BIER TE控制信息中的链路类型在本发明实施例提供的位索引显式复制信息传递方法中的应用进行说明。In this embodiment, the application of the link type in the BIER TE control information of the link in the network shown in FIG. 10 in the bit index explicit copy information delivery method provided by the embodiment of the present invention is described.

在该网络中，节点3不能提供BIER TE转发功能，因此当以BIER TE方式封装的BIER TE报文发送到该节点时，该节点无法进行正确处理，可能出现报文转发错误，或者直接将报文丢弃的情况。这里，如图10中的虚线所示，在节点2和节点4之间建立虚拟链路，分配BP信息为链路3。该虚拟链路可采用图4或者图5，或者图6类似的形式以链路类型的方式在协议中进行通告，与其他的链路，比如节点2到节点6之间的物理链路的类型不同，从而与普通流量工程链路的通告进行区分。In this network, the node 3 cannot provide the BIER TE forwarding function. Therefore, when the BIER TE packet encapsulated in the BIER TE mode is sent to the node, the node cannot be processed correctly, packet forwarding errors may occur, or the packet may be directly reported. The case of discarding. Here, as shown by the broken line in FIG. 10, a virtual link is established between the node 2 and the node 4, and the BP information is assigned as the link 3. The virtual link may be advertised in a protocol in a link type manner as shown in FIG. 4 or FIG. 5, or in a similar manner to FIG. 6, and other types of links, such as the type of physical link between node 2 and node 6. Different, thus distinguishing from the notification of a common traffic engineering link.

在各个节点接收到该链路类型后，同样生成相应的BIER TE转发表项，在节点2和节点4上，该虚拟链路所对应的转发表项将与普通的BIER TE转发表项不同，需要提供进一步封装其他类型的节点3可正常辨识和处理的封装方法，比如普通BIER封装、IP封装或者其他隧道形式的封装等。节点3在接收到节点2或节点4转发的以不同于BIER TE方式进行封装的组播流量时，将不会收到直接以BIER TE方式封装的报文，从而不会出现报文错误处理和丢弃情况。After the link type is received by each node, the corresponding BIER TE forwarding entry is also generated. On the node 2 and the node 4, the forwarding entry corresponding to the virtual link is different from the normal BIER TE forwarding entry. There is a need to provide a packaging method that further encapsulates other types of nodes 3 that can be properly identified and processed, such as a conventional BIER package, an IP package, or other tunnel form packages. When receiving the multicast traffic that is forwarded by the node 2 or the node 4 and is encapsulated in the BIER TE mode, the node 3 will not receive the packet encapsulated in the BIER TE mode.Packet error handling and discarding occurred.

实施例八Example eight

为实现上述实施例的位索引显式复制信息传递方法，本实施例八提供一种位索引显式复制信息传递装置，该装置应用于BIER网络中的节点，如图11所示，该装置包括发送模块801，设置为通过协议扩展传递链路的BP信息；其中，所述BP信息为链路的BIER TE的控制信息，为指示所述链路的唯一标识。In order to implement the bit index explicit copy information transfer method of the above embodiment, the eighth embodiment provides a bit index explicit copy information transfer device, which is applied to a node in a BIER network, as shown in FIG. The sendingmodule 801 is configured to extend the BP information of the link by using a protocol extension, where the BP information is control information of the BIER TE of the link, and is a unique identifier indicating the link.

在实际使用中，该装置还可包括存储模块，设置为存储所述BIER位索引显式复制网络中的链路的BIT位置BP信息；In actual use, the apparatus may further include a storage module configured to store BIT location BP information of the link in the BIER bit index explicit replication network;

这里，发送模块801还设置为通过协议扩展传递链路的以下BIER TE控制信息中的一个或多个：BIER TE能力、位串长度BSL、子域ID号、集标识SI、拓扑ID、链路类型、算法和链路权重。Here, the sendingmodule 801 is further configured to extend one or more of the following BIER TE control information of the link by protocol: BIER TE capability, bit string length BSL, sub-domain ID number, set identifier SI, topology ID, link Type, algorithm, and link weight.

这里，其中，可扩展的协议包括OSPF协议，或者ISIS协议，或者BGP协议，或者BABEL协议等，也可以两种或者两种以上协议结合使用。Here, the scalable protocol includes an OSPF protocol, or an ISIS protocol, or a BGP protocol, or a BABEL protocol, or a combination of two or more protocols.

如图12所示，该装置还包括：处理模块802，设置为根据链路的BIERTE控制信息生成相应的BIER TE转发表项。As shown in FIG. 12, the apparatus further includes: aprocessing module 802, configured to generate a corresponding BIER TE forwarding entry according to the BIERTE control information of the link.

在实际应用中，入口节点根据协议扩展所传递的BIER TE控制信息，将组播业务或者组播流所需要经过的链路对应到链路BP，再封装到报文头的位串部分进行转发。In an actual application, the ingress node expands the BIER TE control information transmitted according to the protocol, and the link that the multicast service or the multicast stream needs to pass corresponds to the link BP, and then encapsulates the packet into the bit string portion of the packet header for forwarding. .

如图12所示，该装置还包括：转发模块803，设置为根据所述BIER TE转发表项转发以BIER TE方式封装的报文。As shown in FIG. 12, the device further includes: a forwardingmodule 803, configured to forward the packet encapsulated in the BIER TE manner according to the BIER TE forwarding entry.

在实际应用中，该装置还可包括接收装置，用以接收协议扩展携带的BIER TE控制信息。In practical applications, the apparatus may further include receiving means for receiving BIER TE control information carried by the protocol extension.

当在网络节点中增加逻辑单元时，发送模块801、处理模块802、转发模块803可由位于网络节点中的中央处理器(Central Processing Unit，简称为CPU)、数字信号处理器(Digital Signal Processor，简称为DSP)、或可编程门阵列(Field Programmable Gate Array，简称为FPGA)实现。When a logical unit is added to a network node, the sendingmodule 801, theprocessing module 802, and theforwarding module 803 may be a central processing unit (CPU) or a digital signal processor (Digital Signal Processor) located in the network node. For DSP),Or a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) implementation.

本领域内的技术人员应明白，本发明的实施例可提供为方法、系统、或计算机程序产品。因此，本发明可采用硬件实施例、软件实施例、或结合软件和硬件方面的实施例的形式。而且，本发明可采用在一个或多个其中包含有计算机可用程序代码的计算机可用存储介质(包括但不限于磁盘存储器和光学存储器等)上实施的计算机程序产品的形式。Those skilled in the art will appreciate that embodiments of the present invention can be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present invention can take the form of a hardware embodiment, a software embodiment, or a combination of software and hardware. Moreover, the invention can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage and optical storage, etc.) including computer usable program code.

本发明是参照根据本发明实施例的方法、设备(系统)、和计算机程序产品的流程图和/或方框图来描述的。应理解可由计算机程序指令实现流程图和/或方框图中的每一流程和/或方框、以及流程图和/或方框图中的流程和/或方框的结合。可提供这些计算机程序指令到通用计算机、专用计算机、嵌入式处理机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器以产生一个机器，使得通过计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器执行的指令产生用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的装置。The present invention has been described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (system), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flowchart illustrations and/or FIG. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing device to produce a machine for the execution of instructions for execution by a processor of a computer or other programmable data processing device. Means for implementing the functions specified in one or more of the flow or in a block or blocks of the flow chart.

这些计算机程序指令也可存储在能引导计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备以特定方式工作的计算机可读存储器中，使得存储在该计算机可读存储器中的指令产生包括指令装置的制造品，该指令装置实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能。The computer program instructions can also be stored in a computer readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to operate in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising the instruction device. The apparatus implements the functions specified in one or more blocks of a flow or a flow and/or block diagram of the flowchart.

这些计算机程序指令也可装载到计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备上，使得在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行一系列操作步骤以产生计算机实现的处理，从而在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行的指令提供用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的步骤。These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device such that a series of operational steps are performed on a computer or other programmable device to produce computer-implemented processing for execution on a computer or other programmable device. The instructions provide steps for implementing the functions specified in one or more of the flow or in a block or blocks of a flow diagram.

以上所述，仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并非用于限定本发明的保护范围。The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

工业实用性Industrial applicability

如上所述，本发明实施例提供的一种位索引显式复制信息传递方法及装置具有以下有益效果：实现BIER TE控制信息在网络中的控制面传递，使网络节点能够根据该信息生成BIER TE转发表项，实现BIER TE的流量封装及转发。从而使BIER TE技术能够真正在网络中实现应用。As described above, a bit index explicit copy information transmission method provided by an embodiment of the present inventionThe device has the following beneficial effects: the control plane of the BIER TE control information is transmitted in the network, so that the network node can generate a BIER TE forwarding entry according to the information, and implement BIER TE traffic encapsulation and forwarding. This enables BIER TE technology to be truly implemented in the network.

Claims (13)

Translated fromChinese

一种位索引显式复制信息传递方法，所述方法包括：A bit index explicit copy information transfer method, the method comprising:位索引显式复制BIER网络中的节点通过协议扩展传递链路的BIT位置BP信息；其中，所述BP信息为链路的BIER TE控制信息，为标识所述链路的唯一标识。The bit index explicitly replicates the BIT location BP information of the link through the protocol extension of the node in the BIER network; wherein the BP information is the BIER TE control information of the link, which is a unique identifier that identifies the link.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述节点通过协议扩展传递所述BP信息的同时，所述方法还包括：所述节点通过协议扩展传递链路的以下BIER TE控制信息中的一个或多个：BIER TE能力、位串长度BSL、子域ID号、集标识SI、拓扑ID、链路类型、算法和链路权重。The method according to claim 1, wherein, when the node transmits the BP information by protocol extension, the method further comprises: the node expanding one of the following BIER TE control information of the link by protocol extension or Multiple: BIER TE capability, bit string length BSL, sub-domain ID number, set identifier SI, topology ID, link type, algorithm, and link weight.根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其中，所述链路包括物理链路和/或虚拟链路。The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein the link comprises a physical link and/or a virtual link.根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其中，所述协议至少包括以下协议中的一种：开放式最短路径优先OSPF协议、中间系统到中间系统ISIS协议、边界网关协议BGP和BABEL协议。The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the protocol comprises at least one of the following: an Open Shortest Path First OSPF protocol, an Intermediate System to Intermediate System ISIS Protocol, a Border Gateway Protocol BGP, and a BABEL protocol.根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其中，节点通过协议扩展传递链路的BIT位置BP信息之前，所述方法还包括：The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein before the node extends the BIT location BP information of the link by the protocol, the method further includes:直接配置链路的BIER TE控制信息；Directly configure BIER TE control information of the link;和/或接收下发的链路的BIER TE控制信息。And/or receive BIER TE control information of the delivered link.根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其中，所述方法还包括：The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein the method further comprises:根据链路的BIER TE控制信息生成相应的BIER TE转发表项。A corresponding BIER TE forwarding entry is generated according to the BIER TE control information of the link.根据权利要求6所述的方法，其中，根据链路的BIER TE控制信息，通过以下算法之一计算出对应的BIER TE转发表项：The method according to claim 6, wherein the corresponding BIER TE forwarding entry is calculated according to one of the following algorithms according to the BIER TE control information of the link:最短路径优先SPF算法、约束路径算法。Shortest path first SPF algorithm, constrained path algorithm.根据权利要求6所述的方法，其中，所述方法还包括：根据所述BIER TE转发表项转发以BIER TE方式封装的报文。The method of claim 6, wherein the method further comprises: forwarding the packet encapsulated in the BIER TE manner according to the BIER TE forwarding entry.一种位索引显式复制信息传递装置，应用于位索引显式复制BIER网络中的节点，所述装置包括：发送模块，设置为通过协议扩展传递链路的BIT位置BP信息；其中，所述BP信息为链路的BIER TE的控制面信息，为指示所述链路的唯一标识。A bit index explicit copy information transfer device applied to bit index explicit copya node in the BIER network, the device comprising: a sending module, configured to extend BIT location BP information of the link by protocol extension; wherein the BP information is control plane information of the BIER TE of the link, indicating the chain The unique identifier of the road.根据权利要求9所述的装置，其中，所述发送模块还设置为通过协议扩展传递链路的以下BIER TE控制信息中的一个或多个：BIER TE能力、位串长度BSL、子域ID号、集标识SI、拓扑ID、链路类型、算法和链路权重。The apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the transmitting module is further configured to extend one or more of the following BIER TE control information of the delivery link by a protocol: BIER TE capability, bit string length BSL, sub-domain ID number Set identifier SI, topology ID, link type, algorithm, and link weight.根据权利要求9或10所述的装置，其中，所述装置还包括：处理模块，设置为根据链路的BIER TE控制信息生成相应的BIER TE转发表项。The apparatus according to claim 9 or 10, wherein the apparatus further comprises: a processing module configured to generate a corresponding BIER TE forwarding entry according to the BIER TE control information of the link.根据权利要求11所述的装置，其中，所述装置还包括：转发模块，设置为根据所述BIER TE转发表项转发以BIER TE方式封装的报文。The device according to claim 11, wherein the device further comprises: a forwarding module, configured to forward the packet encapsulated in the BIER TE manner according to the BIER TE forwarding entry.一种存储介质，所述存储介质包括存储的程序，其中，所述程序运行时执行权利要求1至8中任一项所述的方法。A storage medium, the storage medium comprising a stored program, wherein the program is executed to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 8.

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