通气控制装置和具有该通气控制装置的呼吸面罩设备Ventilation control device and respiratory mask device having the same相关申请的交叉引用Cross-reference to related applications
本申请要求享有于2015年10月23日提交的名称为“通气控制装置和具有该通气控制装置的呼吸面罩设备”的中国专利申请CN201510696678.2的优先权,该申请的全部内容通过引用并入本文中。The present application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. CN201510696678.2, entitled "Ventilation Control Device and Breathing Mask Device Having the Ventilation Control Device", filed on October 23, 2015, the entire contents of which is incorporated by reference. In this article.
技术领域Technical field本发明涉及呼吸面罩技术领域,具体地涉及一种用于呼吸面罩的通气控制装置以及具有这种通气控制装置的呼吸面罩设备。The present invention relates to the field of respiratory masks, and in particular to a ventilation control device for a respiratory mask and a respiratory mask device having such a ventilation control device.
背景技术Background technique目前治疗阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合症(OSAHS)的方法主要有外科手术、口腔矫正器和持续正压通气(CPAP)。Current methods of treating obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) include surgery, orthodontics, and continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP).
外科手术最常用的方式是悬雍垂腭咽成形术及其改良手术,用于上气道口咽部阻塞(包括咽部粘膜组织肥厚、咽腔狭小、悬雍垂肥大、软腭过低、扁桃体肥大)并且呼吸暂停低通气指数(AHI)<20次/小时。这种方法由于需动手术,患者接受度低,而且手术组织再长会造成病情反复,而之后无法再次手术。The most common method of surgery is uvulopalatopharyngoplasty and its improved surgery for upper airway oropharyngeal obstruction (including pharyngeal mucosal tissue hypertrophy, narrow pharyngeal cavity, uvula sulcus hypertrophy, soft palate too low, tonsil hypertrophy And apnea hypopnea index (AHI) <20 times / hour. Due to the need for surgery, the patient's acceptance is low, and the length of the surgical tissue may cause the disease to be repeated, and then the surgery cannot be performed again.
口腔矫形器常用于单纯鼾症及轻度OSAHS患者(AHI<15次/小时),特别是下颌后缩者,其疗效无法预计,只能试用。Oral orthoses are often used in patients with simple snoring and mild OSAHS (AHI <15 times / hour), especially in patients with mandibular retraction. The efficacy is unpredictable and can only be used.
持续正压通气技术是将呼吸面罩110通过连接管路120连接至CPAP呼吸机130,并将该呼吸面罩110佩戴至患者的面部。CPAP呼吸机130产生持续的正压气流,从而给患者的上气道提供生理性压力支撑,进而治疗OSAHS。持续正压通气的缺点在于:持续正压会引起患者不适,部分患者不能接受;连接管路跟呼吸机限制患者夜间活动,依从性低;CPAP呼吸机不方便携带且成本较高。呼吸面罩在若干不同的情况中用于呼吸紊乱治疗,例如阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合症的治疗等;或在其他情况下用于提供稳定的可吸入气流。The continuous positive pressure ventilation technique is to connect therespiratory mask 110 to theCPAP ventilator 130 through the connectingline 120 and wear therespiratory mask 110 to the face of the patient. TheCPAP ventilator 130 produces a continuous positive pressure flow that provides physiological pressure support to the patient's upper airway to treat the OSAHS. The disadvantage of continuous positive pressure ventilation is that continuous positive pressure can cause discomfort to the patient, and some patients cannot accept it; the connecting line and the ventilator limit the night activity of the patient, and the compliance is low; the CPAP ventilator is inconvenient to carry and the cost is high. Breathing masks are used in a number of different situations for the treatment of respiratory disorders, such as the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome; or in other cases for providing a stable flow of breathables.
因此,需要一种用于呼吸面罩的通气控制装置以及具有该通气控制装置的呼吸面罩设备,以至少部分地解决上文提到的问题。Therefore, there is a need for a ventilation control device for a respiratory mask and a call having the ventilation control deviceThe mask device is sucked to at least partially solve the problems mentioned above.
发明内容Summary of the invention
为了至少部分地解决现有技术中存在的问题,本发明提供一种用于呼吸面罩的通气控制装置以及具有该通气控制装置的呼吸面罩。In order to at least partially solve the problems in the prior art, the present invention provides a ventilation control device for a respiratory mask and a respiratory mask having the ventilation control device.
根据本发明的一个方面提供的通气控制装置包括:腔体,其具有面罩通气口以及一个或多个输气口,所述面罩通气口用于与呼吸面罩连通;阀组件,其设置在至少一个所述输气口处;所述阀组件与所述输气口配合形成进气口和排气口;所述阀组件构造为在所述腔体内的压力小于或等于大气压时使所述进气口与所述面罩通气口连通,在所述腔体内的压力大于大气压时使所述排气口与所述面罩通气口连通;其中,所述进气口的横截面积大于所述排气口的横截面积,且所述排气口能够在呼气时保持所述腔体内的压力大于大气压。A ventilation control device according to an aspect of the present invention includes a cavity having a mask vent and one or more air ports for communicating with a respiratory mask, and a valve assembly disposed at least one The gas delivery port; the valve assembly cooperates with the gas delivery port to form an intake port and an exhaust port; the valve assembly is configured to cause the intake air when a pressure in the cavity is less than or equal to atmospheric pressure a port communicating with the mask vent, wherein the exhaust port is in communication with the mask vent when the pressure in the chamber is greater than atmospheric pressure; wherein a cross-sectional area of the air inlet is greater than the exhaust port The cross-sectional area, and the venting port is capable of maintaining a pressure in the chamber greater than atmospheric pressure when exhaling.
优选地,所述输气口包括间隔设置的第一输气口和第二输气口,所述阀组件设置在所述第一输气口处;所述腔体内的压力小于或等于大气压时开启所述第一输气口,所述第一输气口和所述第二输气口为所述进气口;所述腔体内的压力大于大气压时关闭所述第一输气口,所述第二输气口为所述排气口。Preferably, the gas delivery port includes a first gas delivery port and a second gas delivery port which are disposed at intervals, and the valve assembly is disposed at the first gas delivery port; when the pressure in the cavity is less than or equal to atmospheric pressure Opening the first air inlet, the first air inlet and the second air outlet are the air inlet; when the pressure in the chamber is greater than atmospheric pressure, the first air outlet is closed, The second gas delivery port is the exhaust port.
优选地,所述第二输气口处设置有调节机构,用于调节所述第二输气口的通气面积。Preferably, an adjustment mechanism is disposed at the second air inlet for adjusting a ventilation area of the second air outlet.
优选地,所述调节机构包括:固定件,其连接至所述腔体;可移动件,其可移动地连接至所述固定件;定位结构,其用于相对于所述固定件定位所述可移动件的位置;以及调节件,所述调节件的头部构造为能够容纳在所述第二输气口中且沿着所述第二输气口的气体流通方向具有不同的横截面积,所述调节件连接至所述可移动件,所述可移动件能够带动所述调节件沿着所述第二输气口的气体流通方向移动。Preferably, the adjustment mechanism includes: a fixing member coupled to the cavity; a movable member movably coupled to the fixing member; and a positioning structure for positioning the relative to the fixing member a position of the movable member; and an adjusting member, the head of the adjusting member being configured to be accommodated in the second gas delivery port and having a different cross-sectional area along a gas flow direction of the second gas delivery port, The adjusting member is coupled to the movable member, and the movable member is configured to move the adjusting member along a gas flow direction of the second air inlet.
优选地,所述调节机构包括弹性件,所述弹性件连接在所述第二输气口处且覆盖所述第二输气口,所述弹性件上设置使所述第二输气口与大气连通的通孔,所述通孔的通气面积随所述腔体内压力的增大而增大。Preferably, the adjusting mechanism comprises an elastic member connected at the second air inlet and covering the second air inlet, and the elastic member is arranged to make the second air outlet The through hole communicating with the atmosphere, the ventilation area of the through hole increases as the pressure in the cavity increases.
优选地,所述调节机构还包括与所述第二输气口相连通的弹性阀嘴,所述弹性阀嘴沿着所述输气口的出气方向渐缩。Preferably, the adjustment mechanism further includes a resilient valve port in communication with the second air delivery port, the elastic valve mouth being tapered along an air outlet direction of the air delivery port.
优选地,所述阀组件构造为在所述腔体内的压力小于或等于大气压时开启所述输气口,所述输气口为所述进气口;所述阀组件在所述腔体内的压力大于大气压时关闭所述输气口的一部分,所述输气口的其余部分为排气口。Preferably, the valve assembly is configured to open when the pressure in the chamber is less than or equal to atmospheric pressureThe air inlet is the air inlet; the valve assembly closes a portion of the air outlet when the pressure in the chamber is greater than atmospheric pressure, and the remaining portion of the air outlet is a row Air port.
优选地,所述阀组件包括用于控制所述输气口的气体流通的一个或多个阀门,所述阀门为当所述腔体内的压力小于或等于大气压时开启的单向阀,所述阀组件具有使所述腔体与大气连通的通气开口,所述通气开口包括设置在所述阀门上的通孔、和/或由多个阀门配合形成的开口,所述通气开口与所述输气口的重叠区域为所述排气口。Preferably, the valve assembly includes one or more valves for controlling gas flow of the gas delivery port, the valve being a one-way valve that opens when a pressure within the cavity is less than or equal to atmospheric pressure, The valve assembly has a vent opening that communicates the cavity with the atmosphere, the vent opening including a through bore disposed on the valve, and/or an opening formed by a plurality of valves that cooperate with the loser The overlapping area of the port is the exhaust port.
优选地,所述阀门由弹性材料制成,以使所述通气开口的通气面积随所述腔体内压力的增大而增大。Preferably, the valve is made of an elastic material such that the venting area of the vent opening increases as the pressure within the chamber increases.
优选地,所述通气开口处设置有调节机构,用于调节所述通气开口的通气面积。Preferably, the ventilation opening is provided with an adjustment mechanism for adjusting the ventilation area of the ventilation opening.
优选地,所述调节机构包括设置在所述阀门上且与所述通气开口连通的弹性阀嘴,所述弹性阀嘴沿着所述通气开口的出气方向渐缩。Preferably, the adjustment mechanism includes a resilient valve mouth disposed on the valve and in communication with the vent opening, the resilient ram being tapered along an air outlet direction of the vent opening.
优选地,所述调节机构包括:固定件,其连接至所述阀组件;可移动件,其可移动地连接至所述固定件;定位结构,其用于相对于所述固定件定位所述可移动件的位置;以及调节件,所述调节件的头部设置为能够容纳在所述通气开口中且沿着所述通气开口的气体流通方向具有不同的横截面积,所述调节件连接至所述可移动件,所述可移动件能够带动所述调节件沿着所述通气开口的气体流通方向移动。Preferably, the adjustment mechanism includes: a fixing member coupled to the valve assembly; a movable member movably coupled to the fixing member; and a positioning structure for positioning the relative to the fixing member a position of the movable member; and an adjustment member, the head of the adjustment member being disposed to be receivable in the ventilation opening and having a different cross-sectional area along a gas flow direction of the ventilation opening, the adjustment member being connected To the movable member, the movable member is capable of driving the adjusting member to move along a gas flow direction of the vent opening.
优选地,所述阀组件设置于所述输气口上以覆盖所述输气口,所述阀组件上设置有与所述输气口相连通的通孔;所述阀组件构造为在所述腔体内的压力小于所述大气压时向所述腔体的内部隆起以使所述通孔变大,且在所述腔体内的压力大于所述大气压时限制所述阀组件向所述腔体的外部隆起。Preferably, the valve assembly is disposed on the air inlet to cover the air inlet, and the valve assembly is provided with a through hole communicating with the air inlet; the valve assembly is configured to be When the pressure in the chamber is less than the atmospheric pressure, bulging toward the interior of the cavity to enlarge the through hole, and limiting the valve assembly to the cavity when the pressure in the cavity is greater than the atmospheric pressure External uplift.
优选地,所述阀组件包括:弹性阀片,所述弹性阀片设置于所述输气口上以覆盖所述输气口,当所述腔体内的压力小于所述大气压时,所述弹性阀片向所述腔体内隆起,使所述通孔变大,止挡件,所述止挡件设置在所述弹性阀片的远离所述腔体的一侧,用于在所述腔体内的压力大于所述大气压时,止挡所述弹性阀片向所述腔体外隆起。Preferably, the valve assembly includes: an elastic valve piece disposed on the gas delivery port to cover the gas delivery port, and the elastic valve when the pressure in the cavity is less than the atmospheric pressure a sheet bulging into the cavity to enlarge the through hole, a stopper, the stopper being disposed on a side of the elastic valve piece away from the cavity for use in the cavity When the pressure is greater than the atmospheric pressure, the elastic valve piece is stopped to bulge outside the cavity.
根据本发明的另一个方面提供的呼吸面罩设备包括:呼吸面罩;以及如上所述的任一种通气控制装置,所述通气控制装置连接至所述呼吸面罩,并通过所述面罩通气口与所述呼吸面罩通气。A respiratory mask apparatus according to another aspect of the present invention includes: a respiratory mask; and any ventilation control device as described above, the ventilation control device being coupled to the respiratory mask, and through theA mask vent is vented to the breathing mask.
优选地,所述呼吸面罩包括面罩主体和连接至所述面罩主体上的衬垫组件,所述衬垫组件用于与患者的面部接触,所述面罩主体和所述衬垫组件共同形成用于与患者的口和/或鼻连通的空腔,其中,所述通气控制装置的所述腔体是所述空腔的一部分,所述通气控制装置的所述阀组件设置在所述面罩主体上。Preferably, the respiratory mask comprises a mask body and a pad assembly attached to the mask body for contacting a face of a patient, the mask body and the pad assembly being jointly formed for a cavity in communication with the mouth and/or nose of the patient, wherein the cavity of the ventilation control device is part of the cavity, the valve assembly of the ventilation control device being disposed on the mask body .
患者呼气时,呼吸面罩内的压力会高于大气压。本发明利用呼气气压改变的特点,提供了一种在吸气和呼气时分别具有不同横截面积的进气口和排气口的通气控制装置,并且排气口具有相对较小的横截面积,进而实现了呼气相的正压功能,避免持续(呼气和吸气)正压引起的患者不适;该通气控制装置利用自身的机械结构来提供呼气正压,因此使用时无需连接正压气体供给装置(例如CPAP呼吸机)及管路等,从而方便患者移动;外出时无需携带正压气体供给装置,患者可以随时佩戴具有该通气控制装置的呼吸面罩进行治疗。此外,该通气控制装置体积小巧,方便携带,成本较低。When the patient exhales, the pressure inside the breathing mask will be higher than atmospheric pressure. The invention utilizes the characteristics of the change of the expiratory pressure to provide a ventilation control device for the intake port and the exhaust port respectively having different cross-sectional areas during inhalation and exhalation, and the exhaust port has a relatively small cross. The cross-sectional area, in turn, achieves the positive pressure function of the expiratory phase, avoiding patient discomfort caused by continuous (exhalation and inhalation) positive pressure; the ventilation control device uses its own mechanical structure to provide positive exhalation pressure, so it is not necessary to use A positive pressure gas supply device (such as a CPAP ventilator) and a pipeline are connected to facilitate the patient's movement; when the patient is out, there is no need to carry a positive pressure gas supply device, and the patient can wear a respiratory mask having the ventilation control device for treatment at any time. In addition, the ventilation control device is small in size, convenient to carry, and low in cost.
在发明内容中引入了一系列简化形式的概念,这将在具体实施方式部分中进一步详细说明。本发明内容部分并不意味着要试图限定出所要求保护的技术方案的关键特征和必要技术特征,更不意味着试图确定所要求保护的技术方案的保护范围。A series of simplified forms of concepts are introduced in the Summary of the Invention, which will be described in further detail in the Detailed Description section. The summary is not intended to limit the key features and essential technical features of the claimed invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the claimed embodiments.
以下结合附图,详细说明本发明的优点和特征。Advantages and features of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
附图说明DRAWINGS本发明的下列附图在此作为本发明的一部分用于理解本发明。附图中示出了本发明的实施方式及其描述,用来解释本发明的原理。在附图中,The following drawings of the invention are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety in their entirety. The embodiments of the invention and the description thereof are shown in the drawings In the drawing,
图1为现有的持续正压通气系统的示意图;Figure 1 is a schematic view of a conventional continuous positive pressure ventilation system;
图2A为具有根据本发明一个实施例的通气控制装置的呼吸面罩的立体图;2A is a perspective view of a respiratory mask having a ventilation control device in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;
图2B为图2A中的通气控制装置和呼吸面罩的全剖视图;Figure 2B is a full cross-sectional view of the ventilation control device and the respiratory mask of Figure 2A;
图3为具有根据本发明第一实施例的通气控制装置的呼吸面罩的剖视图;Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of a respiratory mask having a ventilation control device in accordance with a first embodiment of the present invention;
图4为具有根据本发明第二实施例的通气控制装置的呼吸面罩的剖视图;Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of a respiratory mask having a ventilation control device in accordance with a second embodiment of the present invention;
图5为具有根据本发明第三实施例的通气控制装置的呼吸面罩的剖视图;Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of a respiratory mask having a ventilation control device in accordance with a third embodiment of the present invention;
图6为具有根据本发明第四实施例的通气控制装置的呼吸面罩的剖视图;Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of a respiratory mask having a ventilation control device in accordance with a fourth embodiment of the present invention;
图7A为具有根据本发明第五实施例的通气控制装置的呼吸面罩的剖视图;Figure 7A is a cross-sectional view of a respiratory mask having a ventilation control device in accordance with a fifth embodiment of the present invention;
图7B为图7A中的通气控制装置和呼吸面罩的立体图;Figure 7B is a perspective view of the ventilation control device and the respiratory mask of Figure 7A;
图8为具有根据本发明第六实施例的通气控制装置的呼吸面罩的剖视图;Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view of a respiratory mask having a ventilation control device in accordance with a sixth embodiment of the present invention;
图9为具有根据本发明第七实施例的通气控制装置的呼吸面罩的剖视图;以及Figure 9 is a cross-sectional view of a respiratory mask having a ventilation control device in accordance with a seventh embodiment of the present invention;
图10为具有根据本发明第八实施例的通气控制装置的呼吸面罩的剖视图。Figure 10 is a cross-sectional view of a respiratory mask having a ventilation control device in accordance with an eighth embodiment of the present invention.
110、呼吸面罩;120、连接管路;130、CPAP呼吸机;20、呼吸面罩;21、面罩主体;22、衬垫组件;23、支撑部分;24、前额支撑件;200、通气控制装置;210、腔体;211、面罩通气口;212A、第一输气口;212B、第二输气口;213、连接结构;220、阀组件;300、调节机构;310、固定件;320、可移动件;330、定位结构;340、调节件;311、出气口;341、头部;400、调节机构;410、弹性件;420、通孔;500、弹性阀嘴;610、腔体;611、面罩通气口;612、输气口;621、阀门;622、连接件;623、通孔;710、腔体;711、面罩通气口;712、输气口;721、阀门;722、连接件;723、开口;800、弹性阀嘴;910、腔体;912、输气口;921、阀门;922、通孔;923、偏置构件;930、调节机构;931、固定件;932、可移动件;933、定位结构;934、调节件;935、头部;940、通气口;1010、腔体;1011、面罩通气口;1012、输气口;1020、阀组件;1021、弹性阀片;1022、通孔;1023、止挡件;1024、气孔。110, breathing mask; 120, connecting pipeline; 130, CPAP ventilator; 20, breathing mask; 21, mask body; 22, pad assembly; 23, support portion; 24, forehead support; 200, ventilation control device; 210, cavity; 211, mask vent; 212A, first air outlet; 212B, second air outlet; 213, connection structure; 220, valve assembly; 300, adjustment mechanism; 310, fixing member; Moving member; 330, positioning structure; 340, adjusting member; 311, air outlet; 341, head; 400, adjusting mechanism; 410, elastic member; 420, through hole; 500, elastic valve mouth; 610, cavity; , mask vent; 612, gas outlet; 621, valve; 622, connector; 623, through hole; 710, cavity; 711, mask vent; 712, gas outlet; 721, valve; 722,connector 723, opening; 800, elastic valve mouth; 910, cavity; 912, gas outlet; 921, valve; 922, through hole; 923, biasing member; 930, adjusting mechanism; 931, fixing member; Moving member; 933, positioning structure; 934, adjusting member; 935, head; 940, vent; 1010, cavity; 1011 Vent hood; 1012, gas port; 1020, a valve assembly; 1021, elastic valve plate; 1022, a through hole; 1023, stopper; 1024, stomata.
具体实施方式detailed description在下文的描述中,提供了大量的细节以便能够彻底地理解本发明。然而,本领域技术人员可以了解,如下描述仅示例性地示出了本发明的优选实施例,本发明可以无需一个或多个这样的细节而得以实施。此外,为了避免与本发明发生混淆,对于本领域公知的一些技术特征未进行详细描述。In the following description, numerous details are provided in order to provide a thorough understanding of the invention. However, those skilled in the art can understand that the following description is merely illustrative of a preferred embodiment of the invention, which may be practiced without one or more such details. Moreover, in order to avoid confusion with the present invention, some of the technical features well known in the art are not described in detail.
根据本发明的一个方面,提供一种用于呼吸面罩的通气控制装置(以下简称通气控制装置)。为了能够准确、完整地理解该通气控制装置,本文将首先对采用该通气控制装置的呼吸面罩进行简单描述。可以理解的是,附图中所示出的口鼻罩型呼吸面罩仅为示例性的,本文提供的通气控制装置并不限于仅应用至该口鼻罩型呼吸面罩,其还可以应用至鼻罩型、全脸罩型或鼻塞型等形式的呼吸面罩。According to an aspect of the invention, a ventilation control device (hereinafter referred to as a ventilation control device) for a respiratory mask is provided. In order to be able to accurately and completely understand the ventilation control device, a breathing mask using the ventilation control device will be briefly described herein. It will be understood that the nasal mask type breathing mask shown in the drawings is merely exemplary, and the ventilation control device provided herein is not limited to being applied only to the nasal mask type breathing mask, which can also be applied to the nose. Breathing mask in the form of a hood, full face mask or nasal plug.
如图2A的立体图和图2B的剖视图所示,呼吸面罩20包括面罩主体21、衬垫组件22和前额支撑件24。在未示出的其它实施例中,呼吸面罩20可能会不包括其中的一个或两个部件,例如不包括前额支撑件24。As shown in the perspective view of FIG. 2A and the cross-sectional view of FIG. 2B, therespiratory mask 20 includes amask body 21 and a lining.Pad assembly 22 andforehead support 24. In other embodiments not shown, therespiratory mask 20 may not include one or both of the components, such as not including theforehead support 24.
面罩主体21上设置有面罩通孔(未标示出)。衬垫组件22安装在面罩主体21上。面罩主体21和衬垫组件22共同形成空腔。衬垫组件22可以固定地连接或可拆卸地连接到面罩主体21。衬垫组件22也可以单独形成该空腔,在此实施例中面罩主体21可以在衬垫组件22的外部支撑衬垫组件22。在使用时,面罩主体21和衬垫组件22将与患者的脸部(包括脸颊、鼻梁、嘴巴上下部等)接触,形成密封,以使该空腔与患者的鼻腔或者口鼻腔连通。面罩主体21可以由刚性材料制成,也可以由柔性材料制成。衬垫组件22优选地由柔性材料制成。衬垫组件22可以是气囊,也可以是膜结构。膜结构可以是单层或分离的双层。衬垫组件22也可包括粘合件(例如不干胶等),以提升病人感受和密封效果。面罩主体21和衬垫组件22的从正面看的形状不限于图中所示的大体三角形,还可以为梨形、梯形等等。面罩主体21和衬垫组件22还可以采用与口鼻部形状相适配的形状等等。在鼻塞型呼吸面罩中,衬垫组件22也可以设计成与鼻孔口密封的锥形膜形状的鼻塞,此结构同样可具有单层或分离的双层膜结构。在口鼻型呼吸面罩中,还可以将鼻塞与口部罩型设计相结合。衬垫组件22包括支撑部分23。支撑部分23可设计成皱褶、波纹管、局部减薄、弯折、弧形等结构,以实现此呼吸面罩20与脸部更好地贴合,甚至实现衬垫组件22的软垫部分与面罩主体21间悬浮,从而可自适应衬垫与脸部的贴合角度,并利用腔内气体压力辅助密封。作为一个实例,支撑部分23采用气囊或凝胶,可具有自适应脸型的功能。A mask through hole (not shown) is provided on themask body 21. Thepad assembly 22 is mounted on themask body 21. Themask body 21 and thecushion assembly 22 together form a cavity. Thecushion assembly 22 can be fixedly or detachably coupled to themask body 21. Thecushion assembly 22 can also form the cavity separately, in which case themask body 21 can support thecushion assembly 22 outside of thecushion assembly 22. In use, themask body 21 andpad assembly 22 will contact the patient's face (including the cheeks, bridge of the nose, upper and lower mouth, etc.) to form a seal to allow the cavity to communicate with the patient's nasal or nasal cavity. Themask body 21 may be made of a rigid material or a flexible material. Thecushion assembly 22 is preferably made of a flexible material. Thecushion assembly 22 can be an air bag or a membrane structure. The membrane structure can be a single layer or a separate bilayer. Thecushion assembly 22 can also include adhesives (e.g., stickers, etc.) to enhance patient feel and sealing. The shape of themask body 21 and thecushion assembly 22 as viewed from the front is not limited to the general triangular shape shown in the drawing, but may be a pear shape, a trapezoid shape or the like. Themask body 21 and thepad assembly 22 may also take a shape that matches the shape of the nose and the like. In a nasal-plug type respiratory mask, thecushion assembly 22 can also be designed as a conical film-shaped nasal plug that is sealed from the nasal orifice, and the structure can also have a single layer or a separate two-layer membrane structure. In the nose and mouth breathing mask, the nasal plug can also be combined with the mouth mask design. Thecushion assembly 22 includes asupport portion 23. Thesupport portion 23 can be designed as a wrinkle, bellows, partially thinned, bent, curved, etc. structure to achieve a better fit of therespiratory mask 20 to the face, and even to achieve a cushioned portion of thecushion assembly 22 and Themask body 21 is suspended so that the angle of fit of the pad to the face can be adapted and the gas pressure in the cavity is used to assist the sealing. As an example, thesupport portion 23 employs a balloon or gel and can have an adaptive face function.
此外,该呼吸面罩20还包含用于连接固定组件的固定件,例如卡扣、绑带环等。固定件可以作为单独零件连接于面罩主体21上,也可与面罩主体21一体形成。固定组件用于把呼吸面罩20固定在患者面部的适当位置,可以是现有的各种头带。头带上可以有与面罩主体21连接的结构,比如扣、带魔术贴的绑带。头带的材料可以采用编织物、弹性体等(其中弹性体可以是泡沫、硅胶等),也可以采用编织物和弹性体复合的多层结构,以提高其弹性、透气性及人体顺应性。头带的形状可做成Y字形、工字形等各种形态,同时可加入某些方向相对刚性而另外某些方向柔性的零件,以更好固定该呼吸面罩20。固定组件也可以是直接固定于脸部、鼻子外部或鼻腔内的结构,比如可以是粘合件(例如不干胶等)的固定结构。In addition, therespiratory mask 20 also includes fasteners for attaching the securing assembly, such as snaps, strap loops, and the like. The fixing member may be attached to themask body 21 as a separate component or may be integrally formed with themask body 21. The fixation assembly is used to secure therespiratory mask 20 in place on the patient's face, which may be a variety of existing headbands. The headband may have a structure that is connected to themask body 21, such as a buckle and a Velcro strap. The material of the headband may be a braid, an elastomer or the like (wherein the elastomer may be foam, silica gel, etc.), or a multilayer structure in which the braid and the elastomer are composited to improve elasticity, gas permeability and human compliance. The shape of the headband can be made into various shapes such as a Y-shape, an I-shape, and the like, and parts which are relatively rigid in some directions and flexible in some other directions can be added to better fix therespiratory mask 20. The fixation component may also be a structure that is directly attached to the face, the outside of the nose, or the nasal cavity, such as a fixed structure that may be an adhesive member (eg, a sticker, etc.).
前额支撑件24在使用时抵靠在患者的额头上。前额支撑件24与面罩主体21之间的连接可以是固定式的或可分拆式的,分拆式的实施例例如是卡接。前额支撑件24包含柔软的额头接触部。该前额支撑件24还可以具有调整装置,以调整与额头的距离,保证适应不同面型。Theforehead support 24 abuts against the patient's forehead when in use. The connection between theforehead support 24 and themask body 21 can be fixed or detachable, and the split embodiment is, for example, snap-fit. Theforehead support 24 includes a soft forehead contact. Theforehead support 24 can also have adjustment means to adjust the distance from the forehead to ensure adaptation to different facial shapes.
上述刚性材料可以是塑料、合金等,柔性材料可以是硅胶、凝胶、泡沫、气囊、纺织品等,此材料定义也适用于后续各部分内容。The above rigid material may be plastic, alloy, etc., and the flexible material may be silica gel, gel, foam, air bag, textile, etc., and the definition of this material is also applicable to subsequent parts.
呼吸面罩20所包含的各个部件都可以采用本领域已知的构造,因此这里不再进一步详细描述。The various components included in therespiratory mask 20 can be constructed in a manner known in the art and therefore will not be described in further detail herein.
下面将结合附图对本发明提供的通气控制装置的多个优选实施例进行详细描述。参见图2A-2B,通气控制装置200包括腔体210和阀组件220。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION A plurality of preferred embodiments of the ventilation control device provided by the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Referring to Figures 2A-2B, theventilation control device 200 includes acavity 210 and avalve assembly 220.
腔体210具有一个或多个输气口以及面罩通气口211。在图2A-2B的实施例中,输气口例如包括第一输气口212A和第二输气口212B。面罩通气口211用于与呼吸面罩20通气。面罩通气口211例如连接至呼吸面罩20的面罩通孔。虽然图中示出的腔体210大体上呈圆柱形,但是在未示出的其他实施例中,腔体210还可以具有其他任意形状,只要能够形成可以与呼吸面罩20进行通气的密封空间即可。下文在描述部件设置在腔体内/外时可以不考虑腔体的壁厚。如果将壁厚考虑在内,本领域的技术人员在阅读本申请之后可以理解,设置在腔体内/外有可能包括设置在腔体的内面和外面(内面和外面之间的厚度为壁厚)之间的情况。例如,下文将提到的“弹性阀嘴在腔体的外侧连接至通孔”,根据对技术方案的理解,弹性阀嘴可以在通孔内连接至腔体的壁。腔体210的体积不限,以佩戴舒适为佳。腔体210可以由柔性材料或刚性材料制成。该腔体210可以不可拆卸地连接至呼吸面罩20,以使通气控制装置200不可拆卸地连接至呼吸面罩20。该腔体210甚至可以与面罩主体21和衬垫组件22形成的空腔成一体,例如采用模制工艺使腔体210与面罩主体21一体成型。在腔体210与面罩主体21成一体的情况下,腔体210与空腔可以形成为两个可以明显区分并连通的腔。此外,腔体210也可以做成空腔的一部分,也就是说,针对图2A-2B所示的实施例,可以利用呼吸面罩的空腔的一部分作为腔体210,将输气口形成在面罩主体21上。这样,阀组件220可以直接设置在面罩主体21上。在腔体210与面罩主体21分体设置的实施例中,可以在腔体210的面罩通气口211处设置连接结构213。该连接结构213用于将通气控制装置200可拆卸地连接至呼吸面罩20。连接结构213例如可以为卡扣连接结构、螺纹连接结构或弹性体抱紧连接结构等。这样,可以随时更换通气控制装置200,并且可以将该通气控制装置200设计成可以直接应用于现有的CPAP呼吸面罩,以降低患者的使用成本。Thecavity 210 has one or more gas ports and amask vent 211. In the embodiment of Figures 2A-2B, the gas delivery port includes, for example, a firstgas delivery port 212A and a secondgas delivery port 212B. Themask vent 211 is for venting with therespiratory mask 20. Themask vent 211 is, for example, connected to the mask through hole of therespiratory mask 20. Although thecavity 210 is generally cylindrical in shape, in other embodiments not shown, thecavity 210 may have any other shape as long as a sealed space that can be vented with therespiratory mask 20 can be formed. can. The wall thickness of the cavity may be disregarded below when it is described that the component is disposed inside/outside the cavity. If the wall thickness is taken into consideration, it will be understood by those skilled in the art after reading this application that it may be included in the cavity/outside of the cavity to be disposed on the inner face and the outer face of the cavity (the thickness between the inner face and the outer face is the wall thickness) Between the situation. For example, as will be mentioned below, "the elastic valve is connected to the through hole on the outside of the cavity", the elastic valve can be connected to the wall of the cavity in the through hole according to the understanding of the technical solution. The volume of thecavity 210 is not limited, and it is preferable to wear comfort. Thecavity 210 can be made of a flexible material or a rigid material. Thecavity 210 can be non-detachably coupled to therespiratory mask 20 such that theventilation control device 200 is non-detachably coupled to therespiratory mask 20. Thecavity 210 may even be integral with the cavity formed by themask body 21 and thecushion assembly 22, such as by molding thecavity 210 integrally with themask body 21. Where thecavity 210 is integral with themask body 21, thecavity 210 and the cavity can be formed as two lumens that can be clearly distinguished and communicated. In addition, thecavity 210 can also be formed as part of a cavity, that is, for the embodiment shown in Figures 2A-2B, a portion of the cavity of the respiratory mask can be utilized as thecavity 210, and the gas delivery port can be formed in the mask. On themain body 21. Thus, thevalve assembly 220 can be disposed directly on themask body 21. In the embodiment in which thecavity 210 is separately provided from themask body 21, theconnection structure 213 may be provided at themask vent 211 of thecavity 210. Theconnection structure 213 is for detachably connecting theventilation control device 200 to therespiratory mask 20.Connection structure 213, for exampleIt can be a snap connection structure, a threaded connection structure or an elastic body to hold the connection structure and the like. In this way, theventilation control device 200 can be replaced at any time, and theventilation control device 200 can be designed to be directly applied to an existing CPAP breathing mask to reduce the cost of use of the patient.
输气口用于呼吸面罩20与大气之间的气体交换,包括患者的吸气和患者的呼气,均通过该输气口来完成。在图2A-2B的实施例中,腔体210上设置有相互间隔开的第一输气口212A和第二输气口212B。在未示出的其他实施例中,输气口的数量可以为一个或多于两个。后文将讨论设置一个和多于两个输气口的优选实施例。阀组件220设置在至少一个输气口处。阀组件220与输气口配合形成了进气口和排气口。进气口和排气口都能够与面罩通气口211连通。作为示例,当需要形成排气口时,阀组件可以处于关闭状态,以遮挡输气口中的一个或多个、甚至可以遮挡一个或多个输气口的一部分;当需要形成进气口时,阀组件可以处于开启状态,以使全部输气口都能够导通,或者比处于关闭状态时对输气口的遮挡面积小,这样形成用于气体交换的进气口。例如在图2A-2B的实施例中,阀组件220关闭时,其遮挡第一输气口212A,而第二输气口212B形成排气口;阀组件220开启时,第一输气口212A和第二输气口212B形成进气口。The gas port is used to exchange gas between therespiratory mask 20 and the atmosphere, including the patient's inhalation and the patient's exhalation, both through the gas delivery port. In the embodiment of Figures 2A-2B, thechamber 210 is provided with a firstgas delivery port 212A and a secondgas delivery port 212B that are spaced apart from one another. In other embodiments not shown, the number of gas outlets may be one or more than two. A preferred embodiment of setting one and more than two gas delivery ports will be discussed later. Thevalve assembly 220 is disposed at at least one gas delivery port. Thevalve assembly 220 cooperates with the gas delivery port to form an intake port and an exhaust port. Both the intake port and the exhaust port can communicate with themask vent 211. As an example, when it is desired to form an exhaust port, the valve assembly may be in a closed state to block one or more of the air ports, or even block a portion of the one or more air ports; when it is desired to form the air ports, The valve assembly can be in an open state to enable all of the gas delivery ports to be conductive, or to have a smaller obscuration area to the gas delivery port when in the closed state, thus forming an air inlet for gas exchange. For example, in the embodiment of FIGS. 2A-2B, when thevalve assembly 220 is closed, it blocks thefirst air inlet 212A, and thesecond air outlet 212B forms an exhaust port; when thevalve assembly 220 is opened, thefirst air inlet 212A Thesecond air inlet 212B forms an air inlet.
阀组件220构造为在腔体210内的压力P1小于或等于大气压P0时(也就是患者吸气时),使进气口与面罩通气口连通。阀组件220还构造为在腔体210内的压力P1大于大气压P0时(也就是患者呼气时),使排气口与面罩通气口连通。进气口的横截面积S1大于排气口的横截面积S2。进气口的横截面积S1相对较大,以实现吸气时无阻力或小阻力。排气口的横截面积S2相对较小。排气口能够在呼气时保持腔体210内的压力P1大于大气压P0,进而形成呼气正压。在图2A-2B的实施例中,阀组件220设置在第一输气口212A处。当腔体210内的压力P1小于或等于大气压P0时,可以令阀组件220开启,气体从第一输气口212A和第二输气口212B进入腔体210内。第一输气口212A和第二输气口212B为进气口。当腔体210内的压力P1大于大气压P0时,可以令阀组件220关闭,气体仅从第二输气口212B排出腔体210。第二输气口212B为排气口。第二输气口212B的横截面积可以设置得较小,以使气体的排出速率小于患者的呼气速率,进而确保呼气时保持腔体210内的压力P1大于大气压P0。吸气时,第二输气口212B还能起到辅助进气的作用,有助于使吸气趋向于无阻力。相关病理研究成果表明,OSAHS患者在吸气时气道没有阻塞,只在呼气时有阻塞。本发明采用呼气正压来防止上呼吸道塌陷,进而对OSAHS起到治疗作用。Configured as apressure valve assembly 220 within thecavity 210 is less than or equal to P1 of the atmospheric pressure P0 time (i.e. the patient inhales), the intake port communicates with the vent mask. Thevalve assembly 220 is also configured as a pressure within the cavity 210 P0 P1 of greater than atmospheric pressure (i.e. when the patient exhales), the exhaust port in communication with the mask vent. The cross-sectional area S1 of the intake port is larger than the cross-sectional area S2 of the exhaust port. The cross-sectional area S1 of the intake port is relatively large to achieve no resistance or small resistance when inhaling. The cross sectional area S2 of the exhaust port is relatively small. The exhaust port can maintain the pressure P1 in the cavity 210 greater than the atmospheric pressure P0 during exhalation, thereby forming a positive expiratory pressure. In the embodiment of Figures 2A-2B, thevalve assembly 220 is disposed at the firstgas delivery port 212A. When the pressure P in thecavity 210is less than or equal to atmospheric pressure P0, so that thevalve assembly 220 may be opened, the first gas from thegas delivery port 212A and 212B into the secondgas delivery port 210 within the cavity. The firstgas delivery port 212A and the secondgas delivery port 212B are intake ports. When the pressure P in thechamber 210is greater than the atmospheric pressure P0, can make thevalve assembly 220 is closed, the gas is discharged only from the second chambergas delivery port 210 212B. The secondgas delivery port 212B is an exhaust port. Cross sectional area of the secondgas delivery port 212B can be set smaller, so that the rate of exhaust gas is less than the rate of exhalation of the patient, thereby ensuring holding chamber pressure P in2101 greater than atmospheric pressure P0 exhale. When inhaling, thesecond air outlet 212B can also act as an auxiliary air intake, helping to make the inhalation tend to have no resistance. The results of related pathological studies showed that patients with OSAHS had no obstruction of the airway during inhalation and only had obstruction during exhalation. The present invention uses positive expiratory pressure to prevent the upper airway from collapsing, thereby treating the OSAHS.
在一个实施例中,阀组件可以包括由弹性材料或形态记忆材料制成的阀门以及将该阀门在第一输气口212A连接至腔体210的连接件。这样,当压力P1小于或等于大气压P0时,阀门向腔体210内打开,允许空气进入腔体210。在另一实施例中,阀组件可以包括设置在腔体210内侧的阀门和偏置构件。当阀门关闭时,偏置构件逆着进气方向对阀门施加移动阻力或不施加力,阀门抵靠在腔体210的内壁上;当存在内外气压差时,气体克服移动阻力使阀门打开,允许空气进入腔体210。当然,阀组件220还可以具有多种实施方式,只要能够实现上述功能即可。In one embodiment, the valve assembly can include a valve made of an elastomeric material or a morphological memory material and a connector that connects the valve to thecavity 210 at the firstgas delivery port 212A. Thus, when the pressure P1 is less than or equal to atmospheric pressure P0, thevalve body cavity 210 to open, allowing air to enter thecavity 210. In another embodiment, the valve assembly can include a valve and a biasing member disposed inside thecavity 210. When the valve is closed, the biasing member applies a moving resistance or no force to the valve against the direction of the intake air, and the valve abuts against the inner wall of thecavity 210; when there is a difference between the inner and outer air pressure, the gas overcomes the moving resistance to open the valve, allowing Air enters thecavity 210. Of course, thevalve assembly 220 can also have various embodiments as long as the above functions can be achieved.
在进一步优选的实施例中,可以在第二输气口212B处增加调节机构,用于调节第二输气口212B的通气面积。该通气面积是指第二输气口212B能够与大气进行气体交换的区域的面积。举例来说,当遮挡第二输气口212B的一部分时,通气面积为未遮挡部分的横截面积;当未遮挡第二输气口212B时,通气面积就是第二输气口212B的横截面积。下文提到的通气面积可以参照此处的限定。通过调节第二输气口212B的通气面积可以控制呼气时腔体210内的压力P1,进而调节治疗用的呼气正压。参见图3所示的实施例,其与图2A-2B所示的实施例基本相同,这里仅针对不同之处进行详细描述,并且相同或相似的部件将采用相同的附图标记。调节机构300包括固定件310、可移动件320、定位结构330和调节件340。固定件310连接至腔体210。可移动件320可移动地连接至固定件310。固定件310和可移动件320不封闭第二输气口212B,例如可以在固定件310和/或可移动件320上设置出气口311、和/或在固定件310与可移动件320之间的连接处形成出气口、以及/或者将固定件310和/或可移动件320设置成框架或网状形式,只要能够使经由第二输气口212B排出的气体可以排放到大气中即可。定位结构330用于相对于固定件310定位可移动件320的位置。在图3所示的实施例中,定位结构330可以是设置在固定件310和可移动件320上的相互匹配的螺纹。在未示出的其他实施例中,定位结构可以是卡扣、固定销等等。调节件340的头部341设置为能够容纳在第二输气口212B中。调节件340的头部341沿着第二输气口212B的气体流通方向具有不同的横截面积。作为示例,头部341可以呈圆锥形、圆台形、棱锥形、棱台形等;头部341还可以呈台阶状,以沿着气体流通方向具有不同的横截面积。第二输气口212B可以与头部341的形状相适配。例如图3中所示,头部341和第二输气口212B均呈圆台形。此外,第二输气口212B也可以为圆柱形。这样,当头部341的不同位置进入到第二输气口212B中时,可以对流经第二输气口212B的气流形成阻挡,进而调节第二输气口212B的通气面积。头部341完全移出第二输气口212B时,第二输气口212B具有最大通气面积。调节件340连接至可移动件320。通过可移动件320的移动来带动调节件340沿着第二输气口212B的气体流通方向移动。并且,在移动到适当位置后,由定位结构330固定可移动件320和固定件310之间的相对位置。需要说明的是,该调节机构可以增加到上文和下文所提到的任一种实施例中,如果需要的话,本领域的技术人员基于对图3所示的实施例的理解,为了增加调节机构,可以对其他实施例中的部分部件进行适当变型。上文所述的调节机构将由患者或医护人员根据患者的情况调节后在一段时间内保持在调节后的位置,也就是说,这种调节并非实时进行。下面,我们将介绍一种根据腔体210内的压力P1实时调节第二输气口212B的通气面积的实施例。In a further preferred embodiment, an adjustment mechanism can be added at the secondgas delivery port 212B for adjusting the venting area of the secondgas delivery port 212B. This ventilation area refers to the area of the area where the secondgas delivery port 212B can exchange gas with the atmosphere. For example, when a portion of the secondgas delivery port 212B is blocked, the ventilation area is a cross-sectional area of the unobstructed portion; when the secondgas delivery port 212B is not blocked, the ventilation area is the cross-section of the secondgas delivery port 212B. area. The ventilation area mentioned below can be referred to the definition herein. By adjusting the ventilation area of the secondgas delivery port 212B, the pressure P1 in thecavity 210 during exhalation can be controlled, thereby adjusting the positive expiratory pressure for treatment. Referring to the embodiment shown in Fig. 3, which is substantially identical to the embodiment shown in Figs. 2A-2B, only the differences will be described in detail herein, and the same or similar components will be given the same reference numerals. Theadjustment mechanism 300 includes afixture 310, amovable member 320, apositioning structure 330, and anadjustment member 340. Thefixture 310 is coupled to thecavity 210. Themovable member 320 is movably coupled to thefixture 310. The fixingmember 310 and themovable member 320 do not close thesecond air outlet 212B. For example, theair outlet 311 may be disposed on the fixingmember 310 and/or themovable member 320, and/or between the fixingmember 310 and themovable member 320. The connection forms an air outlet, and/or the fixingmember 310 and/or themovable member 320 are disposed in a frame or mesh form as long as the gas discharged through thesecond air outlet 212B can be discharged to the atmosphere. Thepositioning structure 330 is used to position themovable member 320 relative to thefixture 310. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, thepositioning structure 330 can be a mating thread disposed on thefixture 310 and themovable member 320. In other embodiments not shown, the positioning structure can be a snap, a securing pin, or the like. Thehead 341 of theadjustment member 340 is configured to be receivable in thesecond air inlet 212B. Thehead portion 341 of the adjustingmember 340 has a different cross-sectional area along the gas flow direction of the secondgas delivery port 212B. As an example, thehead portion 341 may have a conical shape, a truncated cone shape, a pyramid shape, a prismatic shape, or the like; thehead portion 341 may also be stepped to have different cross-sectional areas along the gas flow direction. Thesecond air inlet 212B can be adapted to the shape of thehead 341. For example, as shown in FIG. 3, thehead portion 341 and the secondair delivery port 212B are both in the shape of a truncated cone. In addition, the secondgas delivery port 212B may also be cylindrical. Thus, when the different positions of thehead 341 enter thesecond air inlet 212B, the airflow flowing through thesecond air outlet 212B can be blocked, thereby adjusting the ventilation area of thesecond air outlet 212B. When thehead 341 is completely removed from thesecond air outlet 212B, thesecond air outlet 212B has a maximum ventilation area. Theadjustment member 340 is coupled to themovable member 320. Theadjustment member 340 is moved along the gas flow direction of the secondgas delivery port 212B by the movement of themovable member 320. And, after moving to the appropriate position, the relative position between themovable member 320 and the fixingmember 310 is fixed by thepositioning structure 330. It should be noted that the adjustment mechanism can be added to any of the embodiments mentioned above and below, and if necessary, those skilled in the art based on the understanding of the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, in order to increase the adjustment The mechanism can be appropriately modified for some components in other embodiments. The adjustment mechanism described above will be adjusted by the patient or medical staff according to the patient's condition and maintained in the adjusted position for a period of time, that is, the adjustment is not performed in real time. Next, we will describe an embodiment in which the venting area of the secondgas delivery port 212B is adjusted in real time based on the pressure P1 in the chamber 210.
在另一个实施例中,如图4所示,调节机构400包括弹性件410。弹性件410连接在第二输气口212B处且覆盖第二输气口212B。弹性件410上设置有使第二输气口212B与大气连通的通孔420。通孔420用于形成排气口。弹性件410可以制作成片状的。通孔420的通气面积随腔体210内压力P1的变化而变化。呼气时,腔体210内的压力P1增大,弹性件410将会朝向腔体210的外侧膨胀,增大通孔420的通气面积。由此,可以抵消腔体210内压力P1的变化,起到一定调节作用,使压力P1保持在一定范围内,不会由于患者的剧烈呼气而剧增。同样地,吸气时,腔体210内的压力P1减小,阀组件220开启,气体可以经由第一输气口212A和第二输气口212B进入腔体210内。此外,吸气时弹性件410还将会朝向腔体210的内侧膨胀,增大通孔420的通气面积,并且随着患者呼吸越深通孔420的通气面积越大,有助于患者顺畅地吸气。In another embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, theadjustment mechanism 400 includes anelastic member 410. Theelastic member 410 is coupled to the secondgas delivery port 212B and covers the secondgas delivery port 212B. Theelastic member 410 is provided with a throughhole 420 that allows thesecond air inlet 212B to communicate with the atmosphere. The throughhole 420 is used to form an exhaust port. Theelastic member 410 can be formed into a sheet shape. The venting area of the throughhole 420 varies with the change in the pressure P1 in thecavity 210. When exhaling, the pressure P1 in the cavity 210 increases, and theelastic member 410 will expand toward the outside of thecavity 210, increasing the ventilation area of the throughhole 420. Thereby, the change of the pressure P1 in thecavity 210 can be counteracted, and a certain adjustment effect can be achieved, so that the pressure P1 is maintained within a certain range and does not increase sharply due to the patient's intense exhalation. Similarly, when the intake, the pressure P into thechamber 210 is reduced in2101, opening thevalve assembly 220, via a first gas and a second gas delivery outletgasdelivery port 212A 212B cavity. In addition, theelastic member 410 will also expand toward the inner side of thecavity 210 when inhaling, increasing the ventilation area of the throughhole 420, and the deeper the ventilation area of the throughhole 420 as the patient breathes deeper, contributing to the smooth suction of the patient. gas.
进一步优选地,如图5所示,可以在图4所示的调节机构中增加弹性阀嘴500。弹性阀嘴500与第二输气口212B相连通。作为示例,弹性阀嘴500在腔体210的外侧连接至通孔420。优选地,弹性阀嘴500可以与弹性件410一体地形成。当然,可以采用分体形成后连接在一起的方式。弹性阀嘴500沿着通孔420的出气方向渐缩。呼气时,腔体210内的压力P1增大,弹性件410将会朝向腔体210的外侧膨胀,增大通孔420的通气面积,弹性阀嘴500的通气面积也会增大,进而增大排气口的横截面积。由此,可以抵消腔体210内压力P1的变化,起到一定调节作用,使压力P1保持在一定范围内,不会由于患者的剧烈呼气而剧增。并且由于弹性阀嘴500的渐缩设计,会更好地控制通孔420的形变量,进而更稳定地控制腔体210内压力P1的变化。可以理解的是,该弹性阀嘴500也可以增加至图2A-2B所示的实施例中。弹性阀嘴500与第二输气口212B相连通。作为示例,弹性阀嘴500在腔体210的外侧连接至第二输气口212B。患者呼气时,弹性阀嘴500的通气面积增大,也会对腔体210内的气压P1起到一定调节作用。Further preferably, as shown in FIG. 5, theresilient valve opening 500 can be added to the adjustment mechanism shown in FIG. Theelastic valve port 500 is in communication with thesecond air inlet 212B. As an example, theresilient valve nipple 500 is coupled to the throughbore 420 on the outside of thecavity 210. Preferably, theelastic valve mouth 500 may be integrally formed with theelastic member 410. Of course, it is possible to adopt a manner in which the split bodies are formed and joined together. Theelastic valve nozzle 500 is tapered along the air outlet direction of the throughhole 420. When exhaling, the pressure P1 in the cavity 210 increases, theelastic member 410 will expand toward the outside of thecavity 210, increase the ventilation area of the throughhole 420, and the ventilation area of theelastic valve mouth 500 will also increase, thereby increasing The cross-sectional area of the large exhaust port. Thereby, the change of the pressure P1 in thecavity 210 can be counteracted, and a certain adjustment effect can be achieved, so that the pressure P1 is maintained within a certain range and does not increase sharply due to the patient's intense exhalation. And theelastic valve nozzle 500 of tapered design, better control of the throughhole 420 of the deformation, and thus more stably control the change in pressure within thecavity 210 of P1. It will be appreciated that theresilient valve opening 500 can also be added to the embodiment illustrated in Figures 2A-2B. Theelastic valve port 500 is in communication with thesecond air inlet 212B. As an example, theresilient valve nipple 500 is coupled to the secondgas delivery port 212B on the outside of thecavity 210. When the patient exhales, the ventilation area of theelastic valve mouth 500 is increased, and the air pressure P1 in thecavity 210 is also adjusted.
在另一组实施例中,如图6所示,腔体610上设置有面罩通气口611和输气口612。输气口612可以为图中所示的一个,也可以为多个。在多个输气口612的情况下,可以多个输气口612都由阀组件620来开启和关闭,也可以其中的几个由阀组件620来开启和关闭。面罩通气口611与上文描述的面罩通气口基本相同。当阀组件620开启时,输气口612开启,反之,输气口612则关闭。阀组件620构造为在腔体610内的压力P1小于或等于大气压P0时开启输气口612。也就是说,吸气时阀组件620开启,输气口612为进气口。阀组件620还构造为在腔体610内的压力P1大于大气压P0时关闭输气口612的一部分。此时,输气口612的其余部分为排气口。阀组件620可以具有使腔体610与大气连通的通气开口。作为示例,阀组件620可以包括为单向阀的阀门,该阀门用于控制输气口612的气体流通。阀门在腔体内的压力P1小于或等于大气压P0时开启,以使输气口612作为进气口。通气开口可以为设置在阀门上通孔623。通孔623与输气口612具有重叠区域,以作为排气口。在其他实施例中,通气开口还可以具有其他实施方式,后文将结合图7进行说明。呼气时,腔体610内的压力P1大于大气压P0,阀组件620关闭输气口612,呼出的气体通过通孔623排出。通孔623作为排气口。在图6所述的实施例中,阀门621在输气口612处(例如通过连接件622)可枢转地连接至腔体610。通孔623设置在阀门621上。在一个实施例中,阀门621的至少与连接件622的连接的部分具有弹性,以使阀门621在开启位置和关闭位置之间可枢转。在未示出的其他实施例中,阀门与腔体610分开设置。阀门可以(例如通过偏置构件)在开启位置和关闭位置之间可移动地连接至腔体。偏置构件将阀门在腔体610内侧抵靠在输气口612处,并在阀门移动时对阀门施加移动阻力。此外,在存在偏执构件的情况下,阀门也可以可枢转地连接至腔体610。后文还将结合图9描述阀门与腔体610分开设置的阀组件。可以了解,阀门可以采用各种形式,只要能够实现上述功能即可。在阀门621上设置有通孔623。通孔623与输气口612连通。通孔623的横截面积小于输气口612的横截面积。当腔体610内的压力P1大于大气压P0时关闭输气口612,腔体610内的气体通过通孔623排出。通孔623通常较小,以在呼气时保持腔体610内的压力大于大气压P0。In another set of embodiments, as shown in FIG. 6, thecavity 610 is provided with amask vent 611 and agas delivery port 612. Thegas delivery port 612 may be one as shown in the drawing or may be plural. In the case of a plurality ofgas delivery ports 612, a plurality ofgas delivery ports 612 may be opened and closed byvalve assembly 620, or several of them may be opened and closed byvalve assembly 620. Themask vent 611 is substantially identical to the mask vent described above. When thevalve assembly 620 is open, theair inlet 612 is opened, and conversely, theair inlet 612 is closed. Thevalve assembly 620 is configured as a pressure within thecavity 610 is less than or equal to P1 of opening atmospheric pressure gas delivery port 612 P0. That is to say, thevalve assembly 620 is opened when inhaling, and theair inlet 612 is an intake port. Thevalve assembly 620 is also configured as a pressure within thecavity 610 of the closing portion of the gas delivery port 612 P is greater than the atmospheric pressure P01. At this time, the remaining portion of theair inlet 612 is an exhaust port. Thevalve assembly 620 can have a venting opening that communicates thecavity 610 with the atmosphere. As an example, thevalve assembly 620 can include a valve that is a one-way valve that is used to control the flow of gas to thegas delivery port 612. The valve is opened when the pressure P1 in the chamber is less than or equal to the atmospheric pressure P0 such that thegas delivery port 612 serves as an air inlet. The vent opening may be a throughhole 623 provided in the valve. The throughhole 623 has an overlapping area with thegas delivery port 612 as an exhaust port. In other embodiments, the venting opening may have other embodiments, which will be described later in connection with FIG. When exhaling, the pressure P1 in the cavity 610 is greater than the atmospheric pressure P0 , thevalve assembly 620 closes thegas delivery port 612, and the exhaled gas is discharged through the throughhole 623. The throughhole 623 serves as an exhaust port. In the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 6,valve 621 is pivotally coupled tocavity 610 at air delivery port 612 (eg, via connector 622). A throughhole 623 is provided on thevalve 621. In one embodiment, at least the portion of thevalve 621 that is coupled to theconnector 622 is resilient to pivot thevalve 621 between the open position and the closed position. In other embodiments not shown, the valve is disposed separately from thecavity 610. The valve can be movably coupled to the cavity between an open position and a closed position (eg, by a biasing member). The biasing member urges the valve against thegas inlet 612 inside thecavity 610 and exerts a resistance to movement of the valve as the valve moves. Additionally, the valve may also be pivotally coupled to thecavity 610 in the presence of a parametric member. A valve assembly in which the valve is disposed separately from thecavity 610 will be described later in conjunction with FIG. It can be understood that the valve can be used in various forms as long as the above functions can be achieved. A throughhole 623 is provided in thevalve 621. The throughhole 623 is in communication with thegas delivery port 612. The cross-sectional area of the throughhole 623 is smaller than the cross-sectional area of thegas delivery port 612. When the pressure P1 in the cavity 610 is greater than the atmospheric pressure P0 , thegas delivery port 612 is closed, and the gas in thecavity 610 is discharged through the throughhole 623. The throughhole 623 is generally small to maintain the pressure within thecavity 610 greater than the atmospheric pressure P0 during exhalation.
在图2A-2B、3-5所描述的实施例中,存在多个输气口,通过阀组件开启和关闭输气口中的一个或几个,使该通气控制装置具有不同的进气口和排气口,进而调整呼气和吸气时的气体流量,实现吸气时的无阻力或小阻力、以及呼气正压。而图6所示的实施例的不同之处在于,吸气时,阀组件开启输气口,形成进气口,实现吸气时无阻力或小阻力。排气时,阀组件关闭输气口的一部分,例如在阀组件(更具体地说是阀门)上设置通孔,以形成排气口。此外,在未示出的其他实施例中,还可以使阀组件设置为关闭输气口时阀组件的阀门未完全覆盖输气口。由阀门与输气口之间的缝隙形成排气口。这样,在呼气时形成正压环境。In the embodiment depicted in Figures 2A-2B, 3-5, there are a plurality of gas delivery ports that open and close one or more of the gas delivery ports through the valve assembly such that the ventilation control device has different air inlets and The exhaust port, in turn, adjusts the gas flow rate during exhalation and inhalation to achieve no resistance or small resistance during inhalation, and positive expiratory pressure. The embodiment shown in FIG. 6 is different in that, when inhaling, the valve assembly opens the air inlet to form an air inlet, so that there is no resistance or small resistance when inhaling. Upon venting, the valve assembly closes a portion of the gas delivery port, such as a through hole in a valve assembly (more specifically, a valve) to form an exhaust port. Further, in other embodiments not shown, it is also possible to have the valve assembly set to close the gas delivery port when the valve assembly valve does not completely cover the gas delivery port. An exhaust port is formed by a gap between the valve and the gas delivery port. In this way, a positive pressure environment is formed during exhalation.
图7A-7B示出了具有根据本发明一个实施例的通气控制装置的呼吸面罩。如图所示,阀组件720包括用于控制输气口712的气体流通的多个阀门721。多个阀门721(例如通过连接件722)在输气口712处可枢转地或可移动地连接至腔体710。多个阀门721与腔体710的连接方式可以参照针对图6部分的描述。多个阀门721设置为在腔体710内的压力P1小于或等于大气压P0时开启输气口712。吸气时,阀门721开启。可以了解,阀门可以采用各种形式,只要能够实现上述功能即可。通气开口可以为由多个阀门721配合形成的开口723。例如,多个阀门721可以间隔开设置来形成开口723。开口723与输气口712具有重叠区域。当腔体710内的压力P1大于大气压P0时部分关闭输气口712,腔体710内的气体可以通过开口723与输气口712的重叠区域排出。该重叠区域为排气口。该重叠区域的面积小于输气口712的通气面积。开口723与输气口712的重叠区域通常较小,以在呼气时保持腔体710内的压力大于大气压P0。图7所示的通气控制装置的其他部件可以与前述的任一实施例相同或相似,这里不再详细描述。7A-7B illustrate a respiratory mask having a ventilation control device in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. As shown, thevalve assembly 720 includes a plurality ofvalves 721 for controlling the flow of gas to thegas delivery ports 712. A plurality ofvalves 721 are pivotally or movably coupled to thecavity 710 at the gas delivery port 712 (eg, by a connector 722). The manner in which the plurality ofvalves 721 are coupled to thecavity 710 can be referred to the description for the portion of FIG. A plurality ofvalves 721 to a pressure within thecavity 710 is less than or equal to P1 of the gas delivery port opening when theatmospheric pressure P0 712. When inhaling, thevalve 721 is opened. It can be understood that the valve can be in various forms as long as the above functions can be achieved. The vent opening may be anopening 723 formed by the cooperation of a plurality ofvalves 721. For example, a plurality ofvalves 721 can be spaced apart to form anopening 723. Theopening 723 has an overlapping area with thegas delivery port 712. When the pressure P1 in the cavity 710 is greater than the atmospheric pressure P0 , thegas inlet 712 is partially closed, and the gas in thecavity 710 can be discharged through the overlapping area of theopening 723 and thegas delivery port 712. This overlapping area is an exhaust port. The area of the overlap region is smaller than the ventilation area of thegas delivery port 712.Gas delivery opening 723 andopening 712 overlapping area is usually small, to maintain the pressure within theexhalation chamber 710 greater than atmospheric pressure P0. Other components of the ventilation control device shown in Fig. 7 may be the same as or similar to any of the foregoing embodiments and will not be described in detail herein.
优选地,输气口(例如612和712)与面罩通气口(例如611和711)相对设置,以使患者呼出的气体径直地通过排气口212排出,以避免呼吸面罩20和腔体210内的二氧化碳残留。此外,输气口与面罩通气口相对设置还可以使腔体610和710具有相对较小的长度,使得该通气控制装置的结构更加紧凑,体积更小巧。Preferably, the air delivery ports (e.g., 612 and 712) are disposed opposite the mask vents (e.g., 611 and 711) such that the gas exhaled by the patient is discharged straight through the vent 212 to avoid breathingmask 20 andcavity 210. Carbon dioxide residue. In addition, the air inlet is disposed opposite the mask vent to allow thechambers 610 and 710 to have a relatively small length, so that the ventilation control device is more compact and more compact.Small.
此外,阀门621和721可以由弹性材料制成,以使通孔623和开口723的通气面积随腔体610和710内压力P1的增大而增大。呼气时,腔体610和710内的压力P1增大,阀门621和721将会朝向腔体610和710的外侧膨胀或变形,增大通孔623和开口723的通气面积,进而增大排气速率。由此,可以抵消腔体610和710内压力P1的变化,起到一定调节作用,使压力P1保持在一定范围内,不会由于患者的剧烈呼气而剧增。Further, thevalves 621 and 721 may be made of an elastic material such that the ventilation area of the throughhole 623 and theopening 723 increases as the pressure P1 in thecavities 610 and 710 increases. When exhaling, the pressure P1 in the chambers 610 and 710 is increased, and thevalves 621 and 721 will expand or deform toward the outside of thechambers 610 and 710, increasing the ventilation area of the throughhole 623 and theopening 723, thereby increasing the row. Gas rate. Thereby, the change of the pressure P1 in thecavities 610 and 710 can be counteracted, and a certain adjustment effect can be achieved, so that the pressure P1 is kept within a certain range and does not increase sharply due to the severe exhalation of the patient.
进一步优选地,如图8所示,可以在图6所示的通气控制装置中增加调节机构,也就是弹性阀嘴800。弹性阀嘴800与图5所示的弹性阀嘴500的原理基本相同。弹性阀嘴800设置在阀门621上且与通孔623连通。作为示例,弹性阀嘴800在腔体的外侧连接至通孔623。优选地,弹性阀嘴800可以与阀门621一体地形成。当然,可以采用分体形成后连接在一起的方式。弹性阀嘴800沿着通孔623的出气方向渐缩。呼气时,腔体610内的压力P1增大,弹性的阀门621将会朝向腔体610的外侧膨胀,增大通孔623的通气面积,弹性阀嘴800的通气面积也会增大,进而增大排气速率。由此,可以抵消腔体610内压力P1的变化,起到一定调节作用,使压力P1保持在一定范围内,不会由于患者的剧烈呼气而剧增。并且由于弹性阀嘴800的渐缩设计,会更好地控制通孔623的形变量,进而更稳定地控制腔体610内压力P1的变化。Further preferably, as shown in FIG. 8, an adjustment mechanism, that is, anelastic valve port 800, may be added to the ventilation control device shown in FIG. Theelastic valve mouth 800 is substantially identical in principle to theelastic valve nozzle 500 shown in FIG. Theelastic valve mouth 800 is disposed on thevalve 621 and communicates with the throughhole 623. As an example, theelastomeric valve port 800 is coupled to the throughbore 623 on the outside of the cavity. Preferably, theresilient valve mouth 800 can be formed integrally with thevalve 621. Of course, it is possible to adopt a manner in which the split bodies are formed and joined together. Theelastic valve mouth 800 tapers along the air outlet direction of the throughhole 623. When exhaling, the pressure P1 in the cavity 610 is increased, theelastic valve 621 will expand toward the outside of thecavity 610, increasing the ventilation area of the throughhole 623, and the ventilation area of theelastic valve mouth 800 will also increase. Increase the exhaust rate. Thereby, the change of the pressure P1 in thecavity 610 can be counteracted, and a certain adjustment effect can be achieved, so that the pressure P1 is maintained within a certain range and does not increase sharply due to the severe exhalation of the patient. And due to the elastic design of theorifice 800 is tapered, to better control the deformation of the throughhole 623, and thus more stably control the variation within thecavity 610 of the pressure P1 is.
此外,通孔处还可以设置其它类型的调节机构,用于调节通孔的通气面积。作为示例,如图9所示,调节机构930包括固定件931、可移动件932、定位结构933和调节件934。该调节机构930与图3所示的调节机构300类似。固定件931连接至阀门921。在该实施例中,阀组件可以包括阀门921和偏置构件923。阀门921在开启位置和关闭位置之间可移动。阀门921上设置有通孔922。偏置构件923在阀门921从关闭位置向开启位置移动时对阀门921施加移动阻力。作为示例,偏置构件923可以将阀门921在腔体910内侧抵靠在输气口912处。当然,也可以采用图6、7A-7B和8所示的阀门或其它形式的阀门。可移动件932可移动地连接至固定件931。固定件931和可移动件932不封闭通孔922,例如可以在固定件931和/或可移动件932上设置通气口(例如通气口940)、和/或在固定件931和可移动件932之间的连接处形成通气口、以及/或者将固定件931和/或可移动件932设置成框架或网状形式,只要能够使经由通孔922排出的气体可以排放到大气中即可。图中示出的固定件931和可移动件932仅为一个示例。定位结构933用于相对于固定件931定位可移动件932的位置。在图9所示的实施例中,定位结构933可以是设置在固定件931和可移动件932上的相互匹配的螺纹。在未示出的其他实施例中,定位结构933可以是卡扣、固定销等等。调节件934的头部935设置为能够容纳在通孔923中。调节件934的头部935沿着通孔923的气体流通方向具有不同的横截面积。这样,当头部935的不同位置进入到通孔923中时,可以对流经通孔923的气流形成阻挡,进而调节输气口912的通气面积。调节件934连接至可移动件932。通过可移动件932的移动来带动调节件934沿着通孔923的气体流通方向移动。并且,在移动到适当位置后,由定位结构固定可移动件932和固定件931之间的相对位置。In addition, other types of adjustment mechanisms can be provided at the through holes for adjusting the ventilation area of the through holes. As an example, as shown in FIG. 9, theadjustment mechanism 930 includes a fixingmember 931, amovable member 932, apositioning structure 933, and anadjustment member 934. Theadjustment mechanism 930 is similar to theadjustment mechanism 300 shown in FIG. The fixingmember 931 is connected to the valve 921. In this embodiment, the valve assembly can include a valve 921 and a biasingmember 923. Valve 921 is moveable between an open position and a closed position. A throughhole 922 is provided in the valve 921. The biasingmember 923 applies a resistance to movement of the valve 921 as the valve 921 moves from the closed position to the open position. As an example, the biasingmember 923 can abut the valve 921 against the gas inlet 912 inside thecavity 910. Of course, valves or other forms of valves as shown in Figures 6, 7A-7B and 8 can also be used. Themovable member 932 is movably coupled to the fixingmember 931. The fixingmember 931 and themovable member 932 do not close the throughhole 922, and for example, a vent (for example, the vent 940) may be provided on the fixingmember 931 and/or themovable member 932, and/or the fixingmember 931 and themovable member 932 may be provided. The connection between the spaces forms a vent, and/or the fixingmember 931 and/or themovable member 932 are provided in a frame or mesh form as long as the gas discharged through the throughhole 922 can be madeIt can be discharged into the atmosphere. The fixingmember 931 and themovable member 932 shown in the drawing are only one example. Thepositioning structure 933 is for positioning themovable member 932 with respect to the fixingmember 931. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 9, thepositioning structure 933 may be a mating thread disposed on the fixingmember 931 and themovable member 932. In other embodiments not shown, thepositioning structure 933 can be a snap, a securing pin, or the like. Thehead 935 of theadjustment member 934 is provided to be receivable in the throughhole 923. Thehead 935 of theadjustment member 934 has a different cross-sectional area along the gas flow direction of the throughhole 923. Thus, when the different positions of thehead 935 enter the throughhole 923, the airflow flowing through the throughhole 923 can be blocked, thereby adjusting the ventilation area of the air inlet 912. Theadjustment member 934 is coupled to themovable member 932. The movement of themovable member 932 is caused to move the regulatingmember 934 in the gas flow direction of the throughhole 923. And, after moving to the appropriate position, the relative position between themovable member 932 and the fixingmember 931 is fixed by the positioning structure.
在又一组实施例中,提供了另一种形式的通气控制装置。该通气控制装置包括腔体1010和阀组件1020。腔体1010具有面罩通气口1011和输气口1012。腔体1010与上述实施例类似。阀组件1020设置在输气口1012上。作为示例,阀组件1020的边缘连接至输气口1012,以覆盖输气口1012。阀组件1020可以在输气口1012内连接至输气口1012的侧壁,或者在输气口1012的外侧连接至输气口1012的端部。阀组件1020上设置有与输气口1012相连通的通孔1022。患者的呼气和进气均通过该通孔1022进行。为了实现吸气时无阻力或小阻力和呼气正压,阀组件1020构造为在腔体1010内的压力P1小于大气压P0时(即吸气时)向腔体1010的内部隆起,以使通孔1022变大,形成进气口。并且阀组件1020还构造为在腔体1010内的压力P1大于大气压P0时(即呼气时)限制阀组件1020向腔体1010的外部隆起。这样,保持通孔的通气面积不变,形成排气口。需要说明的是,在此实施例中,进气口和排气口的主要区别在于横截面积的改变。作为示例,阀组件1020可以由任意的朝两个方向具有不同形变量的单一或复合材料形成。此外,阀组件1020还可以由弹性材料制成,该阀组件1020还包括弹性阀嘴,该弹性阀嘴可以类似于图5的弹性阀嘴500和图8的弹性阀嘴800。只是阀组件1020的弹性阀嘴设置在腔体1010的内侧,并且沿着通孔的进气方向渐缩。这样,吸气时阀组件1020向腔体1010内隆起,通孔的尺寸变大并且弹性阀嘴的开口尺寸也增大。呼气时,弹性阀嘴向中心聚集,导致开口尺寸变小,形成呼气正压。In yet another set of embodiments, another form of ventilation control device is provided. The vent control device includes acavity 1010 and avalve assembly 1020. Thecavity 1010 has amask vent 1011 and agas delivery port 1012. Thecavity 1010 is similar to the above embodiment.Valve assembly 1020 is disposed ongas delivery port 1012. As an example, the edge of thevalve assembly 1020 is coupled to theair delivery port 1012 to cover theair delivery port 1012. Thevalve assembly 1020 can be coupled to the sidewall of thegas delivery port 1012 within thegas delivery port 1012 or to the end of thegas delivery port 1012 at the outside of thegas delivery port 1012. Thevalve assembly 1020 is provided with a throughhole 1022 communicating with thegas delivery port 1012. Exhalation and intake of the patient are performed through the throughhole 1022. In order to achieve when no inspiratory and expiratory resistance or pressure resistance is small, thevalve assembly 1020 is configured as a pressure within the cavity 1010 P1 of less than atmospheric pressure P0 time (i.e., during inhalation) raised to theinternal cavity 1010, to The throughhole 1022 is made larger to form an air inlet. And thevalve assembly 1020 is configured to further the pressure within the cavity 1010 P1 of greater than atmospheric pressure P (i.e., exhalation) limitingvalve assembly 1020 to the body cavity outside theridge 10100:00. Thus, the ventilation area of the through hole is kept constant, and an exhaust port is formed. It should be noted that in this embodiment, the main difference between the intake port and the exhaust port is the change in the cross-sectional area. As an example, thevalve assembly 1020 can be formed from any single or composite material having different shape variables in both directions. Additionally, thevalve assembly 1020 can also be fabricated from a resilient material that also includes a resilient valve that can be similar to theresilient ram 500 of FIG. 5 and theresilient nipple 800 of FIG. Only the resilient valve port of thevalve assembly 1020 is disposed inside thecavity 1010 and tapers along the direction of intake of the through hole. Thus, when theinhalation valve assembly 1020 is swelled into thecavity 1010, the size of the through hole becomes large and the opening size of the elastic valve port also increases. When exhaling, the elastic valve mouth gathers toward the center, causing the opening size to become smaller, forming a positive expiratory pressure.
在一个优选实施例中,阀组件1020可以包括弹性阀片1021。弹性阀片1021设置于输气口1012上,以覆盖输气口1012。弹性阀片1021的边缘连接至输气口1012。作为示例,弹性阀片1021可以通过连接件连接至输气口1012。该连接件可以为粘合剂、卡圈或螺纹件等。此外,弹性阀片1021也可以通过输气口1012处的压接结构被连接到输气口1012。弹性阀片1021覆盖输气口1012。通孔1022设置在弹性阀片1021(例如其中心区域内)上。吸气时,腔体1010内的压力P1小于大气压P0,弹性阀片1021(尤其是其中心区域)向腔体1010内隆起,使通孔1022变大,实现无阻力或小阻力吸气。阀组件1020还包括止挡件1023。止挡件1023设置在弹性阀片1021的远离腔体1010的一侧。呼气时,腔体1010内的压力P1大于大气压P0,弹性阀片1021有向腔体1010外隆起或变形的趋势。但是由于止挡件1023的限制,止挡弹性阀片1021(尤其是其中心区域)向腔体1010外隆起,弹性阀片1021无法变形,因此通孔1022的尺寸不变,相对于吸气具有较小的通气面积。通孔1022的尺寸设置为呼气时在腔体1010内保持呼气正压。可以了解,止挡件1023是可以使气流流过的,例如可以在止挡件1023上设置气孔1024,或者采用金属网来制作止挡件1023等等。In a preferred embodiment, thevalve assembly 1020 can include aresilient valve plate 1021. Theelastic valve plate 1021 is disposed on theair inlet 1012 to cover theair inlet 1012. The edge of theresilient valve plate 1021 is coupled to theair delivery port 1012. As an example, theresilient valve plate 1021 can be coupled to theair delivery port 1012 by a connector. The connector may be an adhesive, a collar or a threaded member or the like. Further, theelastic valve piece 1021 can also be connected to thegas delivery port 1012 through a crimping structure at thegas delivery port 1012. Theelastic valve piece 1021 covers thegas delivery port 1012. The throughhole 1022 is disposed on the elastic valve piece 1021 (for example, in a central region thereof). When inhaling, the pressure P1 in thecavity 1010 is smaller than the atmospheric pressure P0, and the elastic valve piece 1021 (especially its central region) is swelled into thecavity 1010, so that the throughhole 1022 is enlarged to achieve no resistance or small resistance inhalation. Thevalve assembly 1020 also includes astop 1023. Thestopper 1023 is disposed on a side of theelastic valve piece 1021 away from thecavity 1010. When exhaling, the pressure P1 in the cavity 1010 is greater than the atmospheric pressure P0 , and theelastic valve piece 1021 has a tendency to bulge or deform outside thecavity 1010. However, due to the limitation of thestopper 1023, the stopper elastic valve piece 1021 (especially the central portion thereof) is swelled outward from thecavity 1010, and theelastic valve piece 1021 cannot be deformed, so the size of the throughhole 1022 is constant, and has a relative air suction. Smaller aeration area. The throughhole 1022 is sized to maintain a positive expiratory pressure within thecavity 1010 when exhaling. It can be understood that thestopper 1023 can flow the airflow, for example, theair hole 1024 can be provided on thestopper 1023, or the metal member can be used to form thestopper 1023 and the like.
本发明还提供一种呼吸面罩设备。该呼吸面罩设备包括上文所述的任一种呼吸面罩以及上文所述的任一种通气控制装置。通气控制装置连接至呼吸面罩,并通过面罩通气口与呼吸面罩通气。对于它们所包含的各个部件、结构可以参照上文相应部分的描述。The invention also provides a respiratory mask device. The respiratory mask device includes any of the respiratory masks described above and any of the aeration control devices described above. The ventilation control is connected to the breathing mask and is vented through the mask vent with the breathing mask. For the various components and structures they contain, reference can be made to the description of the corresponding parts above.
患者呼气时,呼吸面罩内的压力会高于大气压。本发明利用呼气气压改变的特点,提供了一种在吸气和呼气时分别具有不同横截面积的进气口和排气口的通气控制装置,并且排气口具有相对较小的横截面积,进而实现了呼气相的正压功能,避免持续(呼气和吸气)正压引起的患者不适;该通气控制装置利用自身的机械结构来提供呼气正压,因此使用时无需连接正压气体供给装置(例如CPAP呼吸机)及管路等,从而方便患者移动;外出时无需携带正压气体供给装置,患者可以随时佩戴具有该通气控制装置的呼吸面罩进行治疗。此外,该通气控制装置体积小巧,方便携带,成本较低。When the patient exhales, the pressure inside the breathing mask will be higher than atmospheric pressure. The invention utilizes the characteristics of the change of the expiratory pressure to provide a ventilation control device for the intake port and the exhaust port respectively having different cross-sectional areas during inhalation and exhalation, and the exhaust port has a relatively small cross. The cross-sectional area, in turn, achieves the positive pressure function of the expiratory phase, avoiding patient discomfort caused by continuous (exhalation and inhalation) positive pressure; the ventilation control device uses its own mechanical structure to provide positive exhalation pressure, so it is not necessary to use A positive pressure gas supply device (such as a CPAP ventilator) and a pipeline are connected to facilitate the patient's movement; when the patient is out, there is no need to carry a positive pressure gas supply device, and the patient can wear a respiratory mask having the ventilation control device for treatment at any time. In addition, the ventilation control device is small in size, convenient to carry, and low in cost.
本发明已经通过上述实施例进行了说明,但应当理解的是,上述实施例只是用于举例和说明的目的,而非意在将本发明限制于所描述的实施例范围内。此外本领域技术人员可以理解的是,本发明并不局限于上述实施例,根据本发明的教导还可以做出更多种的变型和修改,这些变型和修改均落在本发明所要求保护的范围以内。本发明的保护范围由附属的权利要求书及其等效范围所界定。The present invention has been described by the above-described embodiments, but it should be understood that the above-described embodiments are only for the purpose of illustration and description. Further, those skilled in the art can understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various modifications and changes can be made according to the teachings of the present invention. These modifications and modifications are all claimed in the present invention.Within the scope. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.