A pharmaceutical composition containing Valsartan and Sacubitril and methods for preparation and stabilization thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to pharmaceutical compositions in the form of tablets suitable for oral administration, containing Valsartan of formula (I), systematic name fS)-3-methyl-2-(N-{[2'- (2H-l,2,3,4-tetrazol-5-yl)biphenyl-4-yl]methyl}pentanamido)butanoic acid, or its pharmaceutically acceptable salts, in combination with Sacubitril of formula (II), systematic name (2i?,4S)-5-(biphenyl-4-yl)-4-[(3-carboxypropionyl)amino]-2-methylpentanoic acid ethyl ester, or its pharmaceutically acceptable salts, as well as methods for preparation and stabilization thereof.
(I) (Π)
Background Art
The combination of Valsartan and Sacubitril is a novel combination of drugs against hypertension and heart failure. A pharmaceutical composition of Valsartan or its pharmaceutically acceptable salts with NEP inhibitors in the presence of pharmaceutically acceptable excipients for the treatment of hypertension is described in the patent application WO03059345. The original product comprises a cocrystal of Valsartan disodium salt with the sodium salt of Sacubitril and two and half molecules of water, referred to as LCZ 696. The summary formula of the cocrystal LCZ 696 is C48H55N608Na3 · 2.5 H20. Synthesis of this cocrystal and its formulations are described in the patent applications: WO2007056546, WO 2009061713 and EP2217205. Pharmaceutical products available in the market contain this cocrystal. The total dose of the preparation is up to 400 mg of the active ingredient in the dosage form.
Depending on the preparation conditions, Valsartan may form both an amorphous structure and various types of crystalline forms. The patent applications WO2002006253, WO2004083192, WO2007017897, US20080261959, WO2003089417, WO2006076561, WO2003066606 and WO200206253 describe several types of solid forms of Valsartan or its pharmaceutically acceptable salts. These forms differ from each other with their crystal arrangement and their physical properties, especially solubility and bioavailability.
Preparation of Sacubitril was described in the publication J. Med. Chem. 1995, 38, 1689-1700 and the patent application EP0555175 describes synthesis of this molecule and its sodium salt. The patent applications WO2009061713, EP2217205 describe solid pharmaceutical compositions of the LCZ 696 cocrystal for oral administration with common pharmaceutical excipients. The sodium salts of Sacubitril and Valsartan are present in it in the form of the LCZ 696 cocrystal mentioned above. It should be possible to prepare these pharmaceutical compositions both with direct tabletting and by means of dry granulation - compaction or briquetting.
Disclosure of Invention A combination of Sacubitril and Valsartan or their pharmaceutically acceptable salts represents the basis of the new product for hypertension treatment. Valsartan is classified as BCS II - its solubility is strongly influenced by pH and it is easy to absorb. Valsartan is not a problematic substance from the point of view of stability in the dosage form. Dosage forms containing Valsartan do not exhibit a considerable increase of impurities during storage under various loads.
This invention provides a pharmaceutical composition containing Valsartan of formula (I), systematic name (S)-3 -methyl-2-(N- { [2'-(2H- 1 ,2,3 ,4-tetrazol-5-yl)biphenyl-4-yl]methyl} - pentanamido)butanoic acid, or its pharmaceutically acceptable salts, and Sacubitril of formula (II), systematic name (2i?,45)-5-(biphenyl-4-yl)-4-[(3-carboxypropionyl)amino]-2- methylpentanoic acid ethyl ester, or its pharmaceutically acceptable salts, with suitable pharmaceutical excipients.
(I) (II)
The invention further provides a pharmaceutical composition containing a mixture of
Valsartan free acid and Sacubitril free acid with suitable pharmaceutical excipients.
The invention further provides a pharmaceutical composition containing a mixture of Valsartan free acid and the calcium salt of Sacubitril with suitable pharmaceutical excipients. The invention further provides a pharmaceutical composition containing a mixture of Valsartan free acid and the sodium salt of Sacubitril with suitable pharmaceutical excipients. The invention further provides a pharmaceutical composition containing a mixture of Valsartan free acid and the cyclohexylammonium salt of Sacubitril with suitable pharmaceutical excipients. The invention further provides a pharmaceutical composition containing a mixture of the sodium salt of Valsartan and the calcium salt of Sacubitril with suitable pharmaceutical excipients. The invention further provides a pharmaceutical composition containing a mixture of the sodium salt of Valsartan and the sodium salt of Sacubitril with suitable pharmaceutical excipients. The invention further provides a pharmaceutical composition containing a mixture of the sodium salt of Valsartan and the cyclohexylammonium salt of Sacubitril with suitable pharmaceutical excipients.
The invention further provides a pharmaceutical composition containing Valsartan or its pharmaceutically acceptable salts and Sacubitril or its pharmaceutically acceptable salts, at least one excipient being selected from the group of fillers, binders, disintegrants, lubricants, surfactants and/or glidants. A preferred embodiment of the above mentioned pharmaceutical composition is such that at least one excipient from the group of fillers is selected from the group comprising: microcrystalline cellulose, meglumine, lactose, mannitol, sorbitol, xylitol, trehalose, carbonate salts, colloidal silica, fructose and other common pharmaceutical fillers. Another preferred embodiment of the above mentioned pharmaceutical composition is such that at least one excipient from the group of disintegrants is selected from the group comprising: sodium salt of croscarmellose, crospovidone, starch and its derivatives and other common pharmaceutical disintegrants.
Another preferred embodiment of the above mentioned pharmaceutical composition is such that it further contains at least one excipient from the group of lubricants, selected from the group comprising: magnesium stearate, stearic acid, calcium stearate, sodium stearyl fumarate, glycerol dibehenate, talc and other common pharmaceutical lubricants. Still another preferred embodiment of the above mentioned pharmaceutical composition is such that it further contains at least one excipient for local pH adjustment, such as meglumine, Na2HP04, Mg(OH)2, sodium hydroxide, carbonates, potassium citrate, sodium citrate and other pharmaceutically acceptable alkalizing salts.
The invention further provides a pharmaceutical composition, which is in a form suitable for oral administration. In a preferred embodiment, the pharmaceutical composition contains Valsartan or its pharmaceutically acceptable salts and Sacubitril or its pharmaceutically acceptable salts in a composition where individual active ingredients are physically separated from each other.
In a preferred embodiment, it is a pharmaceutical composition that is in the form of a tablet. Further, it is a pharmaceutical composition where individual active ingredients are contained in a single-layered tablet. In a preferred embodiment it is a pharmaceutical composition where the active ingredients are separated from each other in a double-layered tablet. Another object of this invention is a pharmaceutical composition characterized in that the content of the active ingredient is 10 wt.% to 70 wt.%, preferably 15 wt.% to 50 wt.%.
In another aspect, this invention provides a method for preparation of the pharmaceutical composition containing Valsartan or its pharmaceutically acceptable salts and Sacubitril or its pharmaceutically acceptable salts, characterized in that the method comprises at least one processing method selected from the group: wet granulation, dry granulation, admixing the mixture to the tabletting matter, fluid drying, fluid granulation, compaction, briquetting, direct tabletting or a combination of these methods. The invention further provides a method for preparation, where Valsartan or its pharmaceutically acceptable salt and Sacubitril or its pharmaceutically acceptable salt are sieved together with at least one pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and tabletted by means of direct tabletting. The invention further provides a method for preparation comprising steps where a) Valsartan or its pharmaceutically acceptable salt is granulated together with at least one pharmaceutically acceptable excipient with the use of a solvent, preferably water, b) Sacubitril or its pharmaceutically acceptable salt is directly admixed to the granulate of Valsartan from step a) together with at least one pharmaceutically acceptable excipient, and c) the tabletting matter prepared this way is tabletted. The invention further provides a method for preparation, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: a) Valsartan or its pharmaceutically acceptable salt is processed by fluid granulation together with at least one pharmaceutically acceptable excipient with the use of a solvent, preferably water, b) Sacubitril or its pharmaceutically acceptable salt is compacted together with at least one pharmaceutically acceptable excipient, and c) the granulate of Valsartan and compactate of Sacubitril are mixed and tabletted into a single- layered tablet. The invention further provides a method for preparation, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: a) Valsartan or its pharmaceutically acceptable salt is granulated together with at least one pharmaceutically acceptable excipient with the use of a solvent, preferably water, b) Sacubitril or its pharmaceutically acceptable salt is compacted together with at least one pharmaceutically acceptable excipient, and c) the tabletting matter containing Valsartan and Sacubitril is tabletted into a double-layered tablet with separated active ingredients. In a preferred embodiment, the preparation method is characterized in that Sacubitril is in the form of the free acid, sodium salt, calcium salt, potassium salt, magnesium salt or cyclohexylammonium salt. In another preferred embodiment, the preparation method is characterized in that Valsartan is in the form of the free acid, sodium salt, calcium salt, potassium salt or magnesium salt. In another preferred embodiment, the preparation method is characterized in that at least one pharmaceutically acceptable excipient is selected from the group comprising a filler, binder, disintegrant, lubricant, surfactant and/or glidant and or any combinations thereof. In another preferred embodiment, the method is characterized in that at least one excipient from the group of fillers is selected from the group comprising: macrocrystalline cellulose, meglumine, lactose, mannitol, sorbitol, xylitol, trehalose, carbonate salts, colloidal silica, fructose and other common pharmaceutical fillers. In still another preferred embodiment, the preparation method is characterized in that at least one excipient from the group of disintegrants is selected from the group comprising: sodium salt of croscarmellose, crospovidone, starch and its derivatives and other common pharmaceutical disintegrants. In still another preferred embodiment, the preparation method is characterized in that it further contains at least one excipient from the group of lubricants, selected from the group comprising: magnesium stearate, stearic acid, calcium stearate, sodium stearyl fumarate, glycerol dibehenate, talc and other common pharmaceutical lubricants. In still another preferred embodiment, the preparation method is characterized in that it further contains at least one excipient for local pH adjustment, such as meglumine, Na2HP04, Mg(OH)2, sodium hydroxide, carbonates, potassium citrate, sodium citrate and other pharmaceutically acceptable alkalizing salts.
In a further aspect, this invention provides a method for stabilization of a pharmaceutical composition containing Valsartan of formula I, systematic name (25j-3-methyl-2-(N-{[2'-(2H- l,2,3,4-tetrazol-5-yl)biphenyl-4-yl]methyl}pentanamido)butanoic acid, or its pharmaceutically acceptable salts, and Sacubitril of formula II, systematic name (2i?,4S)-5-(biphenyl-4-yl)-4- [(3-carboxypropionyl)amino]-2-methylpentanoic acid ethyl ester, or its pharmaceutically acceptable salts with suitable pharmaceutical excipients, wherein the composition is stored in a pharmaceutical package where an inert atmosphere is maintained by means of nitrogen.
In the free acid form, Sacubitril is difficult to isolate in the solid state. This substance is unstable at higher temperatures or when exposed to higher relative humidity. The formulations described in this patent are stable dosage forms that contain Valsartan and Sacubitril or their pharmaceutically acceptable salts as separate components, namely in a single-layered or double-layered tablet. The dose of the preparation varies from 20 to 400 mg of Valsartan and from 20 to 400 mg of Sacubitril. The content of each dosage form in the tablet varies in the range from 10 to 70 wt.%. Not only direct tabletting, but also wet granulation and dry granulation are used for the preparation of these dosage forms.
During a stability study of the product combining Sacubitril and Valsartan, sensitivity of Sacubitril to the surrounding environment has surprisingly been discovered. The rate of development of impurities in a preparation that was packed in an atmosphere containing oxygen (air) was limiting with respect to the storage conditions and shelf life of the product. This combination would thus have a reduced service life for therapeutic purposes, or its storage at temperatures higher than 25°C would be substantially limited. Packing of tablets under a nitrogen atmosphere prevents access of air to the final product, significantly reducing the rate of development of impurities of Sacubitril, namely under the conditions of accelerated stability tests - 40°C, which considerably increases the shelf life of the preparation and its storage will not be limited by temperatures throughout its useful life. This property is especially important in countries with a higher average temperature such as the countries of the equatorial and subtropical belts.
The pharmaceutical package of the composition is a blister pack whose material is selected from the group of the type: OPA/ALU/PVC, PVC/ACLAR/PVC, PVC, PVC/PE PVDC, PVC/PVDC, PVC/PVDC, where OPA stands for oriented polyamide film, ALU stands for aluminium, PVC stands for polyvinyl chloride, ACLAR stands for poly-chloro-tri-fluoro- ethylene, PVDC stands for polyvinylidene chloride a PE stands for polyethylene. The cavities in the blister packs filled with tablets were welded with aluminium foil. Detailed description of the invention
An advantage of the combination of Valsartan and Sacubitril or its pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof in one tablet as separate substances is that the preparation of the dosage form is shorter and simpler and the demanding production of the cocrystal is avoided. But at the same time, the described product retains the properties of the original product - i.e. releasing of the active ingredients and their stability. The formulation of both the single- layered and double-layered tablet with the active ingredients Valsartan and Sacubitril separated, prevents excessive degradation of Sacubitril at higher temperatures, increasing the stability of the product. Thanks to this, the storage conditions of the drug do not need to be modified.
Examples
The purpose of the following examples is to further elucidate the invention without limiting its scope.
Formulations containing a combination of Valsartan and Sacubitril and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts
Example 1
Constituent Function
Sacubitril free acid Active pharmaceutical
ingredient
Valsartan free acid Active pharmaceutical
ingredient
Microcrystalline cellulose Filler
Sodium salt of Disintegrant
croscarmellose
Colloidal silica Glidant Magnesium stearate Lubricant
Sacubitril free acid and Valsartan free acid were mixed together with microcrystalline cellulose, sodium salt of croscarmellose, colloidal silica and magnesium stearate. The mixture was sieved through a sieve and tabletted.
Example 2
Sacubitril sodium salt and Valsartan sodium salt were mixed together with microcrystalline cellulose, sodium salt of croscarmellose, colloidal silica and magnesium stearate. The mixture was sieved through a sieve and tabletted.
Example 3
Constituent Function
Sacubitril Active pharmaceutical
cyclohexylammonium salt ingredient
Valsartan sodium salt Active pharmaceutical
ingredient
Microcrystalline cellulose Filler
Sodium salt of Disintegrant
croscarmellose
Colloidal silica Glidant
Magnesium stearate Lubricant Sacubitril cyclohexylammonium salt and Valsartan sodium salt were mixed together with microcrystalline cellulose, sodium salt of croscarmellose, colloidal silica and magnesium stearate. The mixture was sieved through a sieve and tabletted.
Example 4
Valsartan free acid was granulated together with Prosolv, lauryl sulphate, sorbitol, povidone and crospovidone. Purified water was used as the granulating solvent. The dried granulate was sieved. Sacubitril sodium salt was admixed to the granulate of Valsartan free acid together with sodium hydrogen carbonate, crospovidone, pre-gelatinized starch, sodium stearyl fumarate and colloidal silica. The tabletting matter prepared this way was tabletted into single- layered tablets. Example 5
Constituent Function
Sacubitril calcium salt Active pharmaceutical
ingredient
Valsartan free acid Active pharmaceutical ingredient
Microcrystalline cellulose Filler
Prosolv Filler
Sodium hydrogen carbonate Filler
Sorbitol Filler
Povidone Binder
Pre-gelatinized starch Binder
Crospovidone Disintegrant
Colloidal silica Glidant
Sodium lauryl sulphate Wetting agent
Sodium stearyl fumarate Lubricant
Valsartan free acid was processed by means of fluid granulation together with Prosolv, sodium lauryl sulphate, sorbitol, povidone and crospovidone. Purified water was used as the granulating solvent. The dried granulate was sieved. Sacubitril calcium salt was compacted and sieved together with microcrystalline cellulose, colloidal silica, crospovidone, sodium stearyl fumarate and pre-gelatinized starch. The granulate of Valsartan and compactate of Sacubitril is mixed together with sodium hydrogen carbonate, crospovidone, colloidal silica and sodium stearyl fumarate. The mixture prepared this way was tabletted. Example 6
Constituent Function
Sacubitril Active pharmaceutical
cyclohexylammonium salt ingredient
Valsartan free acid Active pharmaceutical
ingredient
Microcrystalline cellulose Filler
Prosolv Filler
Sorbitol Filler
Povidone Binder
Pre-gelatinized starch Binder
Crospovidone Disintegrant Colloidal silica Glidant
Sodium lauryl sulphate Wetting agent
Sodium stearyl fumarate Lubricant
Valsartan free acid was granulated together with Prosolv, sodium lauryl sulphate, sorbitol, povidone and crospovidone. Purified water was used as the granulating solvent. The dried granulate was sieved and microcrystalline cellulose, colloidal silica, crospovidone and sodium stearyl fumarate were admixed to it. Sacubitril cyclohexylammonium salt was compacted together with microcrystalline cellulose, colloidal silica, crospovidone, sodium stearyl fumarate and pre-gelatinized starch and mixed with sieved microcrystalline cellulose, colloidal silica, crospovidone, sodium stearyl fumarate. The tabletting matters containing Valsartan free acid and Sacubitril cyclohexylammonium salt were tabletted into double-layered tablets with separated active ingredients.
Example 7
Sacubitril sodium salt and Valsartan free acid were mixed together with microcrystalline cellulose, sodium salt of croscarmellose, colloidal silica and magnesium stearate. The mixture was sieved through a sieve and tabletted. Example 8
Sacubitril calcium salt and Valsartan sodium salt were mixed together with microcrystalline cellulose, sodium salt of croscarmellose, colloidal silica and magnesium stearate. The mixture was sieved through a sieve and tabletted.
Example 9
Sacubitril sodium salt, Valsartan free acid and meglumine were mixed together with microcrystalline cellulose, sodium salt of croscarmellose, colloidal silica and magnesium stearate. The mixture was sieved through a sieve and tabletted. Example 10
The final dosage forms containing a combination of Sacubitril and Valsartan, produced by means of granulation, compaction, direct tabletting and combinations of individual processes, tabletted as single-layered as well as double-layered tablets, were packed into blister packs under an air or nitrogen atmosphere. The dosage forms packed this way were subjected to stability tests under the following conditions: - 40°C, 75% relative humidity
The stability tests were conducted with different packages:
OP A 25/ALU 45/PVC 100
PVC 127/ ACL AR 76/PVC 127
PVC 250
PVC 250/PE 25/PVDC 90
PVC 250/PVDC 40
PVC 250/PVDC 120,
wherein OPA is oriented polyamide film (Nylon), ALU is aluminium, PVC is polyvinyl chloride, ACLAR is poly-chloro-tri-fluoro-ethylene, PVDC is polyvinylidene chloride and PE is polyethylene. The cavities in the blister packs filled with tablets were welded with aluminium foil with the thickness of 0.02 mm. The stability study took 3 months. In one-month intervals, the development of impurities of Sacubitril and Valsartan was checked in the dosage forms. Results of the stability measurements
The results of the analyses of total amounts of impurities for Sacubitril and for Valsartan are summarized in the tables below. In the tables, the packing materials are identified with a number according to the following key:
1 - OPA 25/ALU 45/PVC 100
2 - PVC 127/ACLAR 76/PVC 127
3 - PVC 250
4 - PVC 250/PE 25/PVDC 90
5 - PVC 250/PVDC 40
6 - PVC 250/PVDC 120
Table 1: Total amount of impurities in the formulation - packing under an air atmosphere - 3 months
Table 2: Total amount of impurities in the formulation - packing under a nitrogen atmosphere
Formulation Packing material
1 2 3 4 5 6
Example 1 O.05 % <0.05 % n/a <0.05 % n a 0.08 %
Example 2 <0.05 % <0.05 % n/a <0.05 % n/a <0.05 %
Example 3 <0.05 % O.05 % n/a 0.07 % n/a 0.09 % Example 8 <0.05 % <0.05 % n/a 0.15 % n/a 0.15 %
Example 10 <0.05 % <0.05 % n/a <0.05 % n/a <0.05 %
The above mentioned data clearly show that the formulations are very sensitive to air humidity. If the formulation is packed in packing materials that prevent access of atmospheric humidity, such as the above mentioned materials 1 and 2, stable behaviour of the proposed composition is achieved. If permeable packing materials (3) are used, the proposed formulations are not stable. Stability can also be supported by packing the products under a nitrogen atmosphere. In the case of the packing materials identified with nos. 3 and 5, due to their permeability for gases and water vapour, packing under a nitrogen atmosphere was not tested.