WO2013073548A1 - Wireless communication apparatus, wireless communication system having same, and power consumption management apparatus - Google Patents
Wireless communication apparatus, wireless communication system having same, and power consumption management apparatusDownload PDFInfo
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- WO2013073548A1 WO2013073548A1PCT/JP2012/079455JP2012079455WWO2013073548A1WO 2013073548 A1WO2013073548 A1WO 2013073548A1JP 2012079455 WJP2012079455 WJP 2012079455WWO 2013073548 A1WO2013073548 A1WO 2013073548A1
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- wireless communication
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- wireless
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B3/00—Line transmission systems
- H04B3/54—Systems for transmission via power distribution lines
- H04B3/546—Combination of signalling, telemetering, protection
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
- H02J13/00032—Systems characterised by the controlled or operated power network elements or equipment, the power network elements or equipment not otherwise provided for
- H02J13/00034—Systems characterised by the controlled or operated power network elements or equipment, the power network elements or equipment not otherwise provided for the elements or equipment being or involving an electric power substation
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J3/12—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks for adjusting voltage in AC networks by changing a characteristic of the network load
- H02J3/14—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks for adjusting voltage in AC networks by changing a characteristic of the network load by switching loads on to, or off from, network, e.g. progressively balanced loading
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
- H02J3/32—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/46—Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other DC sources, e.g. providing buffering
- H02J7/35—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other DC sources, e.g. providing buffering with light sensitive cells
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02B90/20—Smart grids as enabling technology in buildings sector
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/70—Smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the energy generation sector
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S20/00—Management or operation of end-user stationary applications or the last stages of power distribution; Controlling, monitoring or operating thereof
- Y04S20/12—Energy storage units, uninterruptible power supply [UPS] systems or standby or emergency generators, e.g. in the last power distribution stages
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S40/00—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them
- Y04S40/12—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them characterised by data transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated electrical equipment
- Y04S40/121—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them characterised by data transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated electrical equipment using the power network as support for the transmission
Definitions
- the present inventionrelates to a wireless communication device, a wireless communication system including the wireless communication device, and a power consumption management device including the wireless communication device.
- the AC of the wireless communication devicewhen the wall outlet is shared with other home appliances and the other home appliances are to be used temporarily with priority, the AC of the wireless communication device is used. You may need to remove the adapter from the wall outlet. In such a case, wireless communication cannot be performed until the AC adapter of the wireless communication apparatus is reconnected to the wall outlet.
- HEMShome energy management system
- smart home applianceshome communication and control of each home appliance are delayed. There is also a fear. The same applies when the branch breaker of the wall outlet system to which the AC adapter of the wireless communication apparatus is connected interrupts the circuit due to overcurrent or the like.
- an object of the present inventionis to provide a wireless communication device that can always secure a power supply during a calm time other than a power failure, a wireless communication system including the wireless communication device, and a power consumption management device including the wireless communication device.
- the wireless communication device of the present inventionis connected to a system power line inside the distribution board by wire and operates by receiving power supply from the system power line.
- the wireless communication deviceis disposed inside a housing of the distribution board.
- the main body of the wireless communication deviceis housed inside the housing of the distribution board, and the antenna portion is exposed outside the housing.
- the wireless communication deviceis connected to the outside of the casing of the distribution board.
- the wireless communication deviceincludes: a first communication unit that communicates with the outside using a first protocol; a second communication unit that communicates with the outside via a radio wave using a second protocol; It is preferable to include a data conversion unit that converts communication data between the first communication unit and the second communication unit so that they can communicate with each other.
- the management apparatusincludes the wireless communication device, a power measurement unit that measures power consumed by the external device, and the measurement result of the power measurement unit via the second communication unit.
- a control unitthat controls the operation of the external device.
- the wireless communication system of the present inventionincludes the wireless communication device and a power meter having a communication function and connected to the system power line.
- the wireless communication deviceincludes a first communication unit that communicates with the power meter, a second communication unit that communicates with a wireless device via a radio wave, the first communication unit, and the second communication unit. It is preferable to have a communication data conversion unit that converts communication data between them so that they can communicate with each other.
- communication between the power meter and the first communication unitis power line communication.
- the wireless communication device of the present inventionis connected to the system power line in the distribution board and is configured to operate by receiving power directly from the system power line. There is no loss of power.
- a wireless communication system including a wireless communication apparatus according to an embodiment of the present inventionwill be described with reference to the drawings.
- FIG. 1shows the configuration of a wireless communication system.
- a broken lineindicates a wireless connection.
- the wireless communication system 100includes a distribution board 1 that distributes and distributes power to various places in a home, a smart meter (power meter) 2 having a communication function, various home appliances 3 such as an air conditioner, a refrigerator, and a washing machine.
- the distribution board 1 and the smart meter 2are connected by a power line 30.
- a HEMS management device 10having a communication function is provided in the housing 1B of the distribution board 1.
- the distribution board 1includes a main breaker 11 and at least one branch breaker 12.
- a solar power generator 4In addition to the home appliance 3, a solar power generator 4, a fuel cell 5, a storage battery 6, an electric vehicle 7, an information processing terminal 8, and the like are connected to the distribution board 1 as necessary.
- Home appliance 3, electric vehicle 7 and information processing terminal 8are connected to branch breaker 12. Electric power necessary for the operation of the home appliance 3, the electric vehicle 7 and the information processing terminal 8 is supplied from a commercial power source, a storage battery 6, or the like.
- the storage battery 6,for example, electric charges obtained by the solar power generator 4 and the fuel cell 5 are stored.
- Outputs of the solar power generator 4, the fuel cell 5, and the storage battery 6are connected to, for example, a power line 30 via a power conditioner.
- the solar power generator 4, the fuel cell 5, and the storage battery 6can also be used for in-house power generation during a power failure.
- the HEMS management device 10(distribution panel 1) and the home appliance 3, the solar power generator 4, the fuel cell 5, the storage battery 6, the electric vehicle 7, the information processing terminal 8, and the like can communicate with each other. And constitutes the HEMS network 1A.
- all the devices connected to the distribution board 1do not have to have a communication function with the HEMS management apparatus 10 (distribution panel 1), and some of the apparatuses communicate with the HEMS management apparatus 10. It may have a function. Moreover, you may have a communication function between apparatuses.
- a predetermined device in the HEMS network 1Amay communicate with the HEMS management apparatus 10 via another device in the HEMS network 1A. Considering the ease of construction when the home appliance 3 is moved or added, it is desirable to use wireless for communication within the HEMS network 1A. However, devices that are not moved frequently communicate with each other using wired communication. Also good.
- the HEMS management device 10manages power generation by the solar power generator 4 and the fuel cell 5, charging / discharging of the storage battery 6, power consumption by the home appliance 3 and the like. That is, the HEMS management apparatus 10 manages the power generation amount and the power consumption amount by each device in the HEMS network 1A.
- the power generation status by the solar power generator 4 and the fuel cell 5, the charging status of the storage battery 6, and the power consumption status by the home appliance 3can be displayed by the information processing terminal 8. By checking the information displayed on the information processing terminal 8 and operating the information processing terminal 8 as necessary, the operation of each device can be set and the power flow can be optimized.
- the information processing terminal 8may be a dedicated monitor device installed on a wall surface in the vicinity of the distribution board 1, or may be a portable information processing terminal such as a smartphone.
- the smart meter 2is connected to the distribution board 1 via the power line 30 in a wired manner.
- the smart meter 2receives power from the transmission line 60 and supplies it to the distribution board 1, and from the transmission line 60 to the distribution board 1.
- the smart meter 2may display the power consumed in the home, measured by the power measuring unit 14 (described later) in the HEMS management apparatus 10).
- the smart meter 2has a communication function, and is connected to the server 50 of the electric power company via the smart meter 2 or the like installed in another house, and the smart meter network 2A is configured. Communication between the plurality of smart meters 2 and communication between the smart meter 2 and the server 50 are performed via wired or wireless communication.
- the smart meter 2 and the distribution board 1communicate with each other via the power line 30 by power line communication (PLC).
- PLCpower line communication
- the HEMS management device 10controls the home appliance 3 so that the home appliance 3 is operated preferentially at a time when the rate is low, so that the monthly The electricity bill to pay can be reduced.
- FIG. 2shows a configuration of the distribution board 1 of the present embodiment.
- the distribution board 1includes a HEMS management device 10, a main breaker 11, and a plurality of branch breakers 12.
- the main breaker 11is connected to the branch breaker 12 via a main line 13 that is a system power line extending from the main breaker 11.
- the main breaker 11has an input side terminal 11a and an output side terminal 11b.
- the input side terminal 11 a of the main breaker 11is connected to the smart meter 2 via the power line 30.
- the output side terminal 11 b of the main breaker 11is connected to the branch breaker 12 and the HEMS management device 10 via the main line 13.
- Each branch breaker 12branches off from the main line 13 and supplies power to a wall outlet of each system provided corresponding to each branch breaker 12.
- each branch breaker 12interrupts the circuit of the system when an overcurrent flows through a load such as the home appliance 3 via the wall outlet of the corresponding system.
- a loadsuch as the home appliance 3 via the wall outlet of the corresponding system.
- the main breaker 11is activated to shut off all the circuits of the system.
- the HEMS management device 10is directly connected to a trunk line 13 (including a conductive bar and a fixture) extended from the main breaker 11 and operates by receiving power supply from the trunk line 13.
- the HEMS management apparatus 10may be connected to a dedicated branch breaker 12 provided to supply power to the HEMS management apparatus 10 among the plurality of branch breakers 12 connected to the main line 13. .
- the HEMS management device 10is directly connected to the system power supply line inside the distribution board 1 by wire.
- the HEMS management device 10includes a power measurement unit 14 and a wireless communication device 15, and includes a function for measuring power consumed in the home, a management control function for the home appliances 3 and the like via the HEMS network 1A, and a smart meter. 2 and a communication function.
- the power measurement unit 14is connected to the trunk line 13 and measures the power consumed in the house.
- the power measuring unit 14is also connected to a branch path to the branch breaker 12 on the main line 13, and measures the power supplied from the main breaker 11 to each branch breaker 12. That is, the power measuring unit 14 measures the total amount of power consumed in the home.
- the power measurement unit 14may also measure the power generated in the house by the solar power generator 4 or the like.
- Information on the power measured by the power measuring unit 14is transmitted to the smart meter 2 via the PLC modem 16 or transmitted to the information processing terminal 8 via the transmitting unit 18.
- the wireless communication device 15includes a PLC modem 16, a control unit 17, a transmission unit 18, a reception unit 19, an antenna 20, and a power supply unit 21.
- the main body portion of the wireless communication device 15includes a PLC modem 16, a control unit 17, a transmission unit 18, a reception unit 19, and a power supply unit 21.
- the main body portion of the wireless communication device 15is disposed inside the housing 1 ⁇ / b> B of the distribution board 1 together with the antenna 20.
- the wireless communication device 15includes an input terminal 15a. In the present embodiment, the input terminal 15 a is directly connected to the trunk line 13 extending from the output side terminal 11 b of the main breaker 11.
- the power supply unit 21is directly connected to the input terminal 15a (that is, the power supply unit 21 is directly connected to the main line 13).
- the power supply unit 21converts AC power supplied from the trunk line 13 into DC power and supplies the DC power to each unit of the wireless communication device 15.
- the wireless communication device 15includes: a first communication unit 15A that communicates with the smart meter 2 (power meter); a second communication unit 15B that communicates with a wireless device such as the home appliance 3 via wireless radio waves; And a control unit 17 (communication data conversion unit) that controls each unit.
- the PLC modem 16 and the control unit 17 or the likeconstitute a first communication unit 15A that performs bidirectional communication with the smart meter 2 in a wired manner.
- the PLC modem 16is directly connected to the trunk line 13, superimposes a high-frequency information signal on the alternating current flowing through the trunk line 13, and performs bidirectional communication with the smart meter 2 by wire.
- a second communication unit 15B that performs two-way wireless communication with the home appliance 3 in the HEMS network 1Ais configured by the control unit 17, the transmission unit 18, the reception unit 19, and the antenna 20 or the like.
- the control unit 17controls each unit of the wireless communication device 15. For example, the control unit 17 transmits information about the home appliances 3 and the like in the HEMS network 1A obtained via the reception unit 19 to the smart meter 2 via the PLC modem 16 or information processing via the transmission unit 18. Or transmitted to the terminal 8. Information transmitted from the electric power company and obtained via the smart meter 2 and the PLC modem 16 is transmitted to the information processing terminal 8 via the transmission unit 18, or based on the information, the home appliances in the HEMS network 1A 3 or the like is transmitted from the transmitter 18.
- the wired communication protocol (first protocol) performed between the PLC modem 16 and the smart meter 2is different from the wireless communication protocol (second protocol) performed in the HEMS network 1A.
- Reference numeral 17functions as a protocol conversion unit (communication data conversion unit). With this function, the control unit 17 converts the communication data protocol to each other, and thereby converts the communication data so that they can communicate with each other. That is, the control unit 17 determines the protocol of the PLC transmitted / received by the first communication unit 15A including the PLC modem 16 and the protocol of the HEMS network 1A transmitted / received by the second communication unit 15B including the transmission unit 18 and the reception unit 19. A gateway function for mutual conversion is provided.
- the control unit 17determines the HEMS based on the power consumption measured by the smart meter 2 and the power consumption measured by the power measurement unit 14 (power generation amount and power consumption in the HEMS network 1A). You may control operation
- FIG. 3shows a wireless communication system 200 in which the technology described in Document 1 is applied to a conventional distribution board 201 as a reference example.
- the wireless communication system 200includes a HEMS controller 210 instead of the HEMS management apparatus 10 of the present embodiment.
- the HEMS controller 210has a wireless communication device (a wireless communication device to which power is supplied from a wall outlet) described in Document 1, and manages communication within the HEMS network 1A.
- the HEMS controller 210has a control function of the home appliance 3 and the like via the HEMS network 1A.
- An AC adapter (not shown) of the HEMS controller 210is connected to a wall outlet branched from the distribution board 201 and supplies power to the HEMS controller 210.
- a power measuring unit 214 having a function of measuring poweris provided in the HEMS network 1A separately from the HEMS controller 210.
- the power measurement unit 214is connected to the main line 13 in the distribution board 201 in the same manner as the power measurement unit 14.
- the HEMS management device 10 including the wireless communication device 15is directly connected to the system power supply line (main line 13) inside the distribution board 1.
- the system power supply linemain line 13
- the structure equivalent to the AC adapter mentioned abovebecomes unnecessary. Therefore, the configuration of the wireless communication system 100 is simplified, and the cost can be reduced.
- a configuration corresponding to the power measurement unit 214is mounted on the HEMS management apparatus 10 inside the distribution board 1. That is, the HEMS management apparatus 10 includes a power measurement unit 14 connected to the main line 13. For this reason, the effort which installs the same structure separately can be saved.
- the wireless communication system 100 of this embodimentsince communication is performed between the outdoor smart meter 2 and the indoor HEMS management apparatus 10 by wire, it is favorable without being affected by the structure of the building. Communication quality can be secured stably and communication reliability can be improved.
- the communication between the smart meter 2 and the HEMS management apparatus 10is power line communication using the existing power line 30, that is, the system power line. Therefore, since it is not necessary to construct a separate communication line, the cost and labor required for introducing the wireless communication system 100 can be reduced.
- power line communicationis often adopted as a communication method in the smart meter network 2A. In that case, the communication device mounted on the smart meter 2 can be unified with a device for power line communication. it can. Thereby, the configuration of the smart meter 2 is further simplified, and the cost of the wireless communication system 100 can be further reduced.
- the HEMS management apparatus 10 of this embodimentis provided in the inside of the distribution board 1, it is located in the place comparatively distant from the household appliances 3.
- FIG.It is normal that home appliances 3 are rarely installed in the vicinity of the distribution board 1. Therefore, noise generated by the home appliances 3 attenuates before reaching the HEMS management device 10. The possibility that the communication quality of the wireless communication device 15 deteriorates due to noise generated by the home appliance 3 can be suppressed.
- FIG. 4shows a configuration of a wireless communication system according to a modification of the present invention.
- FIG. 5shows a configuration of a wireless communication apparatus and its surroundings applied to the modified example.
- FIG. 6shows the configuration of the HEMS controller 310 used in the modification.
- the wireless communication system 300is different from the wireless communication system 100 in that it includes a distribution board 301 having a power measurement communication device 314 instead of the distribution board 1 and further includes a HEMS controller 310.
- the power measurement communication device 314includes a function for measuring power consumed in the home, a communication function with the smart meter 2, and a communication function with the HEMS controller 310.
- the power measurement communication device 314 of this embodimentdoes not have a control function for the home appliance 3 or the like.
- the HEMS controller 310governs communication with the home appliance 3 and the like via the HEMS network 1A and control of the home appliance 3 and the like. That is, the power measurement communication device 314 in the example of FIG. 5 performs wireless communication with the HEMS controller 310 as illustrated in FIG.
- the HEMS controller 310communicates with the home electrical appliance 3, the solar power generator 4, the fuel cell 5, the storage battery 6, the electric vehicle 7, and the information processing terminal 8.
- the distribution board 301is provided with a power measurement communication device 314.
- the power measurement communication device 314measures power consumed in the home and performs communication such as notification of the measured power amount to the HEMS controller 310.
- the HEMS controller 310controls power generation by the solar power generator 4 and the fuel cell 5, charging / discharging of the storage battery 6, power consumption by the home appliance 3 and the like.
- the power generation status by the solar power generator 4 and the fuel cell 5, the charging status of the storage battery 6, and the power consumption status by the home appliance 3can be displayed by the information processing terminal 8.
- the functions and the like of the information processing terminal 8are the same as in the example of FIG.
- FIG. 5shows the configuration of the distribution board 301 of this modification.
- the distribution board 301includes a power measurement communication device 314, a main breaker 11, and a plurality of branch breakers 12.
- the main breaker 11is connected to the branch breaker 12 via a main line 13 that is a system power line extending from the main breaker 11.
- the main breaker 11has an input side terminal 11a and an output side terminal 11b.
- the input side terminal 11 a of the main breaker 11is connected to the smart meter 2 via the power line 30.
- the output side terminal 11 b of the main breaker 11is connected to the branch breaker 12 and the power measurement communication device 314 via the main line 13.
- Each branch breaker 12branches from the main line 13 and supplies power to each system wall outlet provided corresponding to each branch breaker 12.
- each branch breaker 12interrupts the circuit of the system when an overcurrent flows through a load such as the home appliance 3 via the wall outlet of the corresponding system.
- a loadsuch as the home appliance 3 via the wall outlet of the corresponding system.
- the main breaker 11is activated to shut off all the circuits of the system.
- the power measurement communication device 314is directly connected to the main line 13 extended from the main breaker 11 and operates by receiving power supply from the main line 13.
- the power measurement communication device 314is connected to a dedicated branch breaker 12 provided to supply power to the power measurement communication device 314 among the plurality of branch breakers 12 connected to the main line 13. Also good.
- the power measurement communication device 314is directly connected to the system power supply line inside the distribution board 301 by wire.
- the power measurement communication device 314includes a power measurement unit 14 and a wireless communication device 15.
- the power measurement unit 14is connected to the trunk line 13 and measures the power consumed in the house.
- Information on the power measured by the power measurement unit 14is transmitted to the smart meter 2 via the PLC modem 16 or transmitted to the HEMS controller 310 and the information processing terminal 8 via the transmission unit 18.
- a protocol (first protocol) of wired communicationperformed between the PLC modem 16 and the smart meter 2
- a protocol (second protocol) of wireless communicationbetween the HEMS controller 310 and the power measurement communication device 314 in the HEMS network 1A.
- the control unit 317functions as a protocol conversion unit (communication data conversion unit).
- the HEMS controller 310controls the first communication unit 315 ⁇ / b> A that communicates with the power measurement communication device 314, the second communication unit 315 ⁇ / b> B that communicates with the home appliance 3 and the like, and each unit of the HEMS controller 310. And a control unit 327.
- the first communication unit 315Aincludes a first transmission unit 318A, a first reception unit 319A, and a first antenna 320A.
- the second communication unit 315Bincludes a second transmission unit 318B, a second reception unit 319B, and a second antenna 320B.
- control unit 327transmits information on the home appliances 3 and the like in the HEMS network 1A obtained through the second reception unit 319B to the power measurement communication device 314 through the first transmission unit 318A, Or transmitted to the information processing terminal 8 via the transmission unit 318B.
- information transmitted from the power company and obtained through the power measurement communication device 314 and the first receiving unit 319Ais transmitted to the information processing terminal 8 through the second transmitting unit 318B, or based on the information, the HEMS A signal for controlling the home appliances 3 and the like in the network 1A is transmitted from the second transmission unit 318B.
- the control unit 327uses the HEMS network 1A based on the power consumption measured by the smart meter 2 and the power consumption (power generation amount and power consumption in the HEMS network 1A) measured by the power measurement communication device 314. You may control operation
- the wireless communication protocol (second protocol) between the HEMS controller 310 and the power measurement communication device 314is different from the wireless communication protocol (third protocol) between the HEMS controller 310 and other devices, control is performed.
- the unit 327functions as a protocol conversion unit (communication data conversion unit).
- the protocol for wireless communication between the HEMS controller 310 and the power measurement communication device 314is the same as the protocol for wireless communication between the HEMS controller 310 and other devices, the second communication unit 315B may be omitted. Good.
- a compatibility problemmay occur in the process in which the smart meter network 2A and the HEMS network 1A evolve independently of each other.
- the radio communication system 300 shown in FIGS. 4 and 5as a modification of the radio communication system according to the present invention, the following effects are produced. That is, by absorbing the difference between the communication methods of both networks by the power measurement communication device 314 (absorbing by the control unit 317 as a data conversion unit), it is possible to give freedom to the evolution of each network.
- the power metering communication device 314appropriately responds so that the specification of the smart meter 2 is hardly affected, thereby hindering the evolution of the HEMS network 1A. There is little fear. The same applies when the communication method of the smart meter network 2A is changed.
- the wireless communication device 15is configured to be directly connected to the trunk line 13 that is the system power supply line in the distribution board 1 and to operate by receiving power supply from the trunk line 13. As a result, the power supply will not be lost during a peaceful period other than during a power outage.
- the wireless communication device 15 of the present embodimentincludes a main body portion of the wireless communication device 15 configured by the PLC modem 16, the control unit 17, the transmission unit 18, the reception unit 19, the power supply unit 21, and the like.
- the structureis covered and protected by the housing 1B. Therefore, even when used for many years, intrusion of dust and the like can be prevented, and the occurrence of a fire due to leakage in the connection portion can be suppressed.
- the present inventionis not limited to the configuration of the above-described embodiment, and at least the wireless communication device 15 is directly connected to the trunk line 13 which is a system power line in the distribution board 1 and receives power supply from the trunk line 13. As long as it is configured to operate.
- the present inventioncan be variously modified.
- the main body portion of the wireless communication device 15 configured by the PLC modem 16, the control unit 17, the transmission unit 18, the reception unit 19, the power supply unit 21, and the likeis disposed inside the housing 1B of the distribution board 1.
- the antenna 20may be configured to be exposed outside the housing 1B of the distribution board 1.
- the radio communication performance with each device in the HEMS network 1Acan be enhanced by the antenna 20 disposed outside the housing 1B.
- the housing 1Bis made of a metal material, it is possible to suppress a decrease in wireless communication performance due to electrostatic shielding.
- the wireless communication device 15may be disposed outside the housing 1B of the distribution board 1. In this case, it is preferable that the wireless communication device 15 is disposed in a manner connected to the housing 1 ⁇ / b> B of the distribution board 1. In this case, the present invention can be applied to a distribution board having a small accommodation space. Moreover, the radio
- the communication between the smart meter 2 and the first communication unit 15Amay be configured to use radio.
- the PLC modem 16 for power line communicationis unnecessary, and a transmission / reception unit for performing wireless communication with the smart meter 2 is provided together with an antenna.
- the transmission unit 18, the reception unit 19 and the antenna 20 of the second communication unit 15Bare connected to the first communication. You may be comprised so that it may serve as the part 15A.
- the wireless communication device 15 and the wireless communication system 100can be widely applied to various wireless communication networks other than the HEMS network 1A. Accordingly, the power measured by the power measuring unit 14 is not limited to the home, but may be power consumed in a predetermined closed area.
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Abstract
Description
Translated fromJapanese本発明は、無線通信装置、それを備えた無線通信システム、及び無線通信装置を備えた消費電力管理装置に関する。The present invention relates to a wireless communication device, a wireless communication system including the wireless communication device, and a power consumption management device including the wireless communication device.
従来から、ＰＨＳリピータや無線ゲートウェイルータなどの無線通信の中継を行う無線通信装置においては、壁コンセントからＡＣアダプタを経由して電力の供給を受ける技術が知られている（例えば、日本国特許公開２００７－２５１２４７号公報参照；以下文献１と称する）。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in a wireless communication device that relays wireless communication, such as a PHS repeater and a wireless gateway router, a technique for receiving power supply from a wall outlet via an AC adapter is known (for example, Japanese Patent Publication) 2007-251247; hereinafter referred to as Document 1).
上記文献１に記載の無線通信装置にあっては、壁コンセントを他の家電機器と共有している場合において、他の家電機器を一時的に優先して使用したいときは、無線通信装置のＡＣアダプタを壁コンセントから外さなければならないこともある。このような場合において、無線通信装置のＡＣアダプタを壁コンセントに再度接続するまでの間は、無線の通信ができない。特に宅内の照明器具や家電機器（いわゆるスマート家電）を統合して制御する宅内エネルギーマネージメントシステム（ＨＥＭＳ）に無線通信装置を適用する場合においては、宅内の通信と各家電機器の制御が滞ってしまう虞もある。無線通信装置のＡＣアダプタが接続されている壁コンセントの系統の分岐ブレーカが、過電流等により回路を遮断した場合も同様である。In the wireless communication device described in
本発明は、上記課題を解決するためになされたものである。すなわち、停電時以外の平穏時において電源を常時確保することができる無線通信装置、それを備えた無線通信システム、及び同無線通信装置を備えた消費電力管理装置を提供することを目的とする。The present invention has been made to solve the above problems. That is, an object of the present invention is to provide a wireless communication device that can always secure a power supply during a calm time other than a power failure, a wireless communication system including the wireless communication device, and a power consumption management device including the wireless communication device.
上記目的を達成するために本発明の無線通信装置は、分電盤内部の系統電源線に有線で接続され、該系統電源線から電力の供給を受けて動作するものである。In order to achieve the above object, the wireless communication device of the present invention is connected to a system power line inside the distribution board by wire and operates by receiving power supply from the system power line.
この発明において、前記無線通信装置が、前記分電盤の筐体の内部に配設されることが好ましい。In this invention, it is preferable that the wireless communication device is disposed inside a housing of the distribution board.
この発明において、前記分電盤の筐体の内部に前記無線通信装置の本体部が収容されて、前記筐体の外部にアンテナ部が露出されて、それぞれ配設されることが好ましい。In this invention, it is preferable that the main body of the wireless communication device is housed inside the housing of the distribution board, and the antenna portion is exposed outside the housing.
この発明において、前記無線通信装置が、前記分電盤の筐体の外部に連接して配設されることが好ましい。In this invention, it is preferable that the wireless communication device is connected to the outside of the casing of the distribution board.
この発明において、前記無線通信装置は、第１プロトコルを用いて外部と通信を行う第１通信部と、第２プロトコルを用いて無線電波を介して外部と通信を行う第２通信部と、前記第１通信部と前記第２通信部との間で通信データを相互に通信可能に変換するデータ変換部と、を備えることが好ましい。In the present invention, the wireless communication device includes: a first communication unit that communicates with the outside using a first protocol; a second communication unit that communicates with the outside via a radio wave using a second protocol; It is preferable to include a data conversion unit that converts communication data between the first communication unit and the second communication unit so that they can communicate with each other.
本発明の管理装置は、前記無線通信装置と、前記外部機器で消費される電力を測定する電力計測部と、前記電力計測部での計測結果に基づいて、前記第２通信部を介して前記外部機器の動作を制御する制御部と、を備える。The management apparatus according to the present invention includes the wireless communication device, a power measurement unit that measures power consumed by the external device, and the measurement result of the power measurement unit via the second communication unit. A control unit that controls the operation of the external device.
また、本発明の無線通信システムは、前記無線通信装置と、通信機能を備え前記系統電源線に接続された電力メータと、を備えたものである。The wireless communication system of the present invention includes the wireless communication device and a power meter having a communication function and connected to the system power line.
この発明において、前記無線通信装置は、前記電力メータと通信する第１通信部と、無線電波を介して無線機器と通信する第２通信部と、前記第１通信部と前記第２通信部との間で通信データを相互に通信可能に変換する通信データ変換部と、を有することが好ましい。In the present invention, the wireless communication device includes a first communication unit that communicates with the power meter, a second communication unit that communicates with a wireless device via a radio wave, the first communication unit, and the second communication unit. It is preferable to have a communication data conversion unit that converts communication data between them so that they can communicate with each other.
この発明において、前記電力メータと前記第１通信部との通信は、電力線通信であることが好ましい。In this invention, it is preferable that communication between the power meter and the first communication unit is power line communication.
本発明の無線通信装置によれば、分電盤内の系統電源線に接続され、該系統電源線から直接電力の供給を受けて動作するように構成されているので、停電時以外の平穏時において電源を喪失することがない。According to the wireless communication device of the present invention, it is connected to the system power line in the distribution board and is configured to operate by receiving power directly from the system power line. There is no loss of power.
本発明の一実施形態による無線通信装置を備えた無線通信システムについて、図面を参照して説明する。A wireless communication system including a wireless communication apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
図１は無線通信システムの構成を示す。図１において、破線は無線による接続を示す。無線通信システム１００は、宅内各所に電力を分配供給する分電盤１と、通信機能を有するスマートメータ（電力メータ）２と、エアコン、冷蔵庫、洗濯機等の各種の家電機器３等によって構成される。分電盤１とスマートメータ２とは、電力線３０によって接続されている。分電盤１の筐体１Ｂ内には、通信機能を備えたＨＥＭＳ管理装置１０が設けられる。また、分電盤１は、主幹ブレーカ１１と少なくとも一つの分岐ブレーカ１２とを備える。分電盤１には、家電機器３の他、太陽光発電機４、燃料電池５、蓄電池６、電気自動車７及び情報処理端末８等が必要に応じて接続される。家電機器３、電気自動車７及び情報処理端末８は、分岐ブレーカ１２に接続される。家電機器３、電気自動車７及び情報処理端末８の動作に必要な電力は、商用電源や蓄電池６等から供給される。蓄電池６には、例えば、太陽光発電機４、燃料電池５によって得た電荷が貯えられる。太陽光発電機４、燃料電池５、蓄電池６の出力は、パワーコンディショナを介して、例えば電力線３０に接続される。太陽光発電機４、燃料電池５及び蓄電池６は、停電時の自家発電にも利用できる。FIG. 1 shows the configuration of a wireless communication system. In FIG. 1, a broken line indicates a wireless connection. The
本実施形態では、ＨＥＭＳ管理装置１０（分電盤１）と、家電機器３、太陽光発電機４、燃料電池５、蓄電池６、電気自動車７及び情報処理端末８等とは、相互に通信可能でありＨＥＭＳネットワーク１Ａを構成する。なお、分電盤１に接続される機器は、その全てがＨＥＭＳ管理装置１０（分電盤１）との通信機能を有している必要はなく、その一部がＨＥＭＳ管理装置１０との通信機能を有していてもよい。また、機器同士間で通信機能を有していてもよい。ＨＥＭＳネットワーク１Ａ内の所定の機器は、ＨＥＭＳネットワーク１Ａ内の他の機器を介して、ＨＥＭＳ管理装置１０と通信してもよい。家電機器３の移動や増設時等の施工の容易さを考慮すると、ＨＥＭＳネットワーク１Ａ内の通信には、無線を用いるのが望ましいが、頻繁に移動させない機器同士では、有線を用いて通信してもよい。In the present embodiment, the HEMS management device 10 (distribution panel 1) and the
ＨＥＭＳ管理装置１０は、太陽光発電機４及び燃料電池５による発電、蓄電池６の充放電、家電機器３等による電力消費等を管理する。すなわちＨＥＭＳ管理装置１０は、ＨＥＭＳネットワーク１Ａ内の各機器による発電量と消費電力量とを管理する。太陽光発電機４及び燃料電池５による発電状況、蓄電池６の充電状況、家電機器３等による電力消費状況は、情報処理端末８によって表示することができる。情報処理端末８に表示された情報を確認しながら、必要に応じて情報処理端末８を操作等することにより、各機器の動作を設定し電力の流れを最適化することができる。情報処理端末８は、分電盤１の近傍の壁面等に設置された専用のモニタ装置であってもよいし、スマートフォン等の携帯型情報処理端末であってもよい。The HEMS
スマートメータ２は、電力線３０を介して分電盤１に有線にて接続されており、送電線６０から電力の供給を受けて分電盤１に供給すると共に、送電線６０から分電盤１へと供給された電力を計測して表示する（あるいはスマートメータ２は、ＨＥＭＳ管理装置１０内の電力計測部１４（後述）で測定された、宅内で消費された電力を表示してもよい）。上述の通りスマートメータ２は、通信機能を有し、他宅に設置されているスマートメータ２等を介して電力会社のサーバ５０に接続され、スマートメータネットワーク２Ａが構成される。複数のスマートメータ２間の通信及びスマートメータ２とサーバ５０との通信は、有線又は無線を介してなされる。The
スマートメータ２と分電盤１（ＨＥＭＳ管理装置１０）とは、電力線３０を介して電力線通信（ＰＬＣ）にて通信される。例えば、電力会社から送信される時間別料金情報や電力提供情報を受信して宅内の電力消費に反映させることで、より高度なＨＥＭＳを構築・運営することができる。より具体的には、時間帯毎に電気料金が異なる場合、優先的に料金が安い時間帯に家電機器３を動作させるように、ＨＥＭＳ管理装置１０が家電機器３を制御することにより、月々に支払う電気代を低減することができる。The
図２は、本実施形態の分電盤１の構成を示す。分電盤１は、ＨＥＭＳ管理装置１０、主幹ブレーカ１１、複数の分岐ブレーカ１２を有する。主幹ブレーカ１１は、主幹ブレーカ１１から延出された系統電源線である幹線１３を介して分岐ブレーカ１２と接続されている。主幹ブレーカ１１は、入力側端子１１ａと出力側端子１１ｂとを有している。主幹ブレーカ１１の入力側端子１１ａは、電力線３０を介して、スマートメータ２に接続されている。主幹ブレーカ１１の出力側端子１１ｂは、幹線１３を介して、分岐ブレーカ１２およびＨＥＭＳ管理装置１０に接続されている。各分岐ブレーカ１２は、幹線１３から分岐しており、各分岐ブレーカ１２に対応して設けられた各系統の壁コンセントに、電力を供給する。また、各分岐ブレーカ１２は、対応する系統の壁コンセントを介して家電機器３等の負荷に過電流が流れたとき、その系統の回路を遮断する。各分岐ブレーカ１２の電流の総和が過大になったときには、主幹ブレーカ１１が作動して全ての系統の回路を遮断する。FIG. 2 shows a configuration of the
ＨＥＭＳ管理装置１０は、主幹ブレーカ１１から延出された幹線１３（導電バー及び取付け具を含む）に直接的に接続されており、幹線１３から電力の供給を受けて動作する。なお、ＨＥＭＳ管理装置１０は、幹線１３に接続されている複数の分岐ブレーカ１２のうち、ＨＥＭＳ管理装置１０に電力を供給するために設けられている専用の分岐ブレーカ１２に接続されていてもよい。いずれの場合にあっても、ＨＥＭＳ管理装置１０は、分電盤１の内部の系統電源線に直接的に有線で接続される。ＨＥＭＳ管理装置１０は、電力計測部１４と、無線通信装置１５とを有し、宅内で消費される電力の計測機能と、ＨＥＭＳネットワーク１Ａを介した家電機器３等の管理制御機能と、スマートメータ２との通信機能とを備える。電力計測部１４は、幹線１３に接続され、宅内で消費される電力を計測する。なお電力計測部１４は、幹線１３における分岐ブレーカ１２への分岐路にもそれぞれ接続されており、主幹ブレーカ１１から各分岐ブレーカ１２へ供給される電力も計測している。すなわち、電力計測部１４は、宅内で消費される電力の総量を測定する。なお電力計測部１４は、太陽光発電機４等によって宅内で発電された電力も、計測してもよい。電力計測部１４によって計測された電力の情報は、ＰＬＣモデム１６を介してスマートメータ２に送信されたり、送信部１８を介して情報処理端末８に送信されたりする。The
無線通信装置１５は、ＰＬＣモデム１６と、制御部１７と、送信部１８と、受信部１９と、アンテナ２０と、電源部２１とを有する。無線通信装置１５の本体部分は、ＰＬＣモデム１６、制御部１７、送信部１８、受信部１９及び電源部２１を含む。無線通信装置１５の本体部分は、アンテナ２０と共に分電盤１の筐体１Ｂの内部に配設される。無線通信装置１５は、入力端子１５ａを含む。本実施形態では、入力端子１５ａは、主幹ブレーカ１１の出力側端子１１ｂから延出する幹線１３に、直接接続されている。また、電源部２１は入力端子１５ａに直接接続されている（すなわち、電源部２１は幹線１３に直接接続されている）。電源部２１は、幹線１３から供給される交流電力を直流電力に変換して、無線通信装置１５の各部に供給する。The
無線通信装置１５は、スマートメータ２（電力メータ）と通信する第１通信部１５Ａと、無線電波を介して家電機器３等の無線機器と通信する第２通信部１５Ｂと、無線通信装置１５の各部の制御を司る制御部１７（通信データ変換部）と、を備える。ＰＬＣモデム１６と、制御部１７等によりスマートメータ２との間で有線にて双方向通信を行う第１通信部１５Ａが構成される。ＰＬＣモデム１６は、幹線１３に直接的に接続され、幹線１３を流れる交流電流に高周波の情報信号を重畳し、スマートメータ２との間で有線にて双方向通信を行う。また、制御部１７と、送信部１８と、受信部１９と、アンテナ２０等によりＨＥＭＳネットワーク１Ａ内の家電機器３等との間で無線にて双方向通信を行う第２通信部１５Ｂが構成される。The
制御部１７は、無線通信装置１５の各部の制御を司る。例えば、制御部１７は、受信部１９を介して得たＨＥＭＳネットワーク１Ａ内の家電機器３等の情報を、ＰＬＣモデム１６を介してスマートメータ２に伝達したり、送信部１８を介して情報処理端末８に送信したりする。また、電力会社から送信されスマートメータ２及びＰＬＣモデム１６を介して得た情報を、送信部１８を介して情報処理端末８に送信したり、同情報に基づいて、ＨＥＭＳネットワーク１Ａ内の家電機器３等を制御する信号を送信部１８から送信させたりする。ここで、ＰＬＣモデム１６とスマートメータ２間においてなされる有線通信のプロトコル（第１プロトコル）と、ＨＥＭＳネットワーク１Ａ内でなされる無線通信のプロトコル（第２プロトコル）とは異なっているので、制御部１７は、プロトコル変換部（通信データ変換部）として機能する。制御部１７は、この機能により、通信データのプロトコルを相互に変換し、それにより、通信データを相互に通信可能に変換する。すなわち、制御部１７は、ＰＬＣモデム１６を含む第１通信部１５Ａで送受信されるＰＬＣのプロトコルと、送信部１８及び受信部１９を含む第２通信部１５Ｂで送受信されるＨＥＭＳネットワーク１Ａのプロトコルを相互に変換するゲートウェイ機能を有する。The control unit 17 controls each unit of the
なお、制御部１７は、スマートメータ２で測定された消費電力量と、電力計測部１４で測定された電力量（ＨＥＭＳネットワーク１Ａ内での発電量および消費電力量）と、に基づいて、ＨＥＭＳネットワーク１Ａ内の機器の動作を制御してもよい。The control unit 17 determines the HEMS based on the power consumption measured by the
図３は、参考例として従来の分電盤２０１に文献１に記載された技術を適用した無線通信システム２００を示す。この無線通信システム２００においては、本実施形態のＨＥＭＳ管理装置１０の替わりに、ＨＥＭＳコントローラ２１０を有している。ＨＥＭＳコントローラ２１０は、文献１に記載された無線通信装置（壁コンセントから電力を供給される無線通信装置）を有し、ＨＥＭＳネットワーク１Ａ内で通信を司る。ＨＥＭＳコントローラ２１０は、ＨＥＭＳネットワーク１Ａを介した家電機器３等の制御機能を有する。ＨＥＭＳコントローラ２１０のＡＣアダプタ（図示せず）は、分電盤２０１から分岐された壁コンセントに接続され、ＨＥＭＳコントローラ２１０に電力を供給する。このＨＥＭＳコントローラ２１０には、電力計測部１４が存在しないので、電力を計測する機能を有する電力計測ユニット２１４が、ＨＥＭＳネットワーク１Ａ内にＨＥＭＳコントローラ２１０とは別途に設けられている。なお、電力計測ユニット２１４は、電力計測部１４と同様に、分電盤２０１内の幹線１３に接続される。FIG. 3 shows a
図３の参考例では、屋外に設置されたスマートメータ２と屋内に設置されたＨＥＭＳコントローラ２１０との間で、建物の壁越しに無線通信が行われるので、建物の構造（鉄筋などの配置、壁の材質、厚み）等によっては電波の減衰が生じて、通信品質が低下する虞がある。また、ＨＥＭＳコントローラ２１０のＡＣアダプタが接続されたプラグに隣接するプラグに家電機器３が接続された場合、家電機器３が発生するノイズが壁コンセントやＡＣアダプタを介してＨＥＭＳコントローラ２１０に混入することがある。その場合、ノイズがＨＥＭＳコントローラ２１０の通信品質に悪影響を及ぼす虞がある。In the reference example of FIG. 3, since wireless communication is performed through the wall of the building between the
これに対して、図１に示した本実施形態の無線通信システム１００においては、無線通信装置１５を備えたＨＥＭＳ管理装置１０が、分電盤１内部の系統電源線（幹線１３）に直接接続されている。このため、上述したＡＣアダプタに相当する構成が不要となる。従って、無線通信システム１００の構成が簡素化され、コストダウンを図ることができる。また、電力計測ユニット２１４に相当する構成は、分電盤１の内部のＨＥＭＳ管理装置１０に実装されている。つまり、ＨＥＭＳ管理装置１０は、幹線１３に接続された電力計測部１４を備えている。このため、同構成を別途設置する手間を省くことができる。In contrast, in the
また、本実施形態の無線通信システム１００においては、屋外のスマートメータ２と屋内のＨＥＭＳ管理装置１０との間では、有線にて通信がなされるので、建物の構造の影響を受けることなく、良好な通信品質を安定して確保でき通信の信頼性を高めることができる。なお、スマートメータ２とＨＥＭＳ管理装置１０との通信は、既存の電力線３０すなわち系統電源線を用いた電力線通信である。従って、別途通信線を施工する必要がないので、無線通信システム１００の導入に要するコストと手間を削減できる。特に、マンションなどの集合住宅においては、スマートメータネットワーク２Ａ内の通信方式に電力線通信を採用することが多く、その場合、スマートメータ２に搭載する通信装置を電力線通信用の装置に統一することができる。これにより、スマートメータ２の構成がより一層簡素化され、無線通信システム１００のさらなるコストダウンを図ることができる。Further, in the
また、本実施形態のＨＥＭＳ管理装置１０は、分電盤１の内部に設けられていることから、家電機器３からは比較的離れた場所に位置される。（分電盤１の近傍には、家電機器３が設置されることが少ない、のが通常である。）従って、家電機器３が発生するノイズは、ＨＥＭＳ管理装置１０に到達するまでに減衰し、家電機器３が発生するノイズによって無線通信装置１５の通信品質が悪化する虞を抑制できる。Moreover, since the
図４は、本発明の変形例による無線通信システムの構成を示す。また、図５は、同変形例に適用される無線通信装置及びその周辺の構成を示す。また図６は、同変形例に用いられるＨＥＭＳコントローラ３１０の構成を示す。無線通信システム３００は、分電盤１の替わりに電力計測通信装置３１４を有する分電盤３０１を備え、ＨＥＭＳコントローラ３１０をさらに備える点で、無線通信システム１００とは相違する。電力計測通信装置３１４は、宅内で消費される電力の計測機能と、スマートメータ２との通信機能と、ＨＥＭＳコントローラ３１０との通信機能とを備える。本実施形態の電力計測通信装置３１４は、無線通信システム１００のＨＥＭＳ管理装置１０とは異なり、家電機器３等の制御機能を有していない。ＨＥＭＳネットワーク１Ａを介した家電機器３等との通信及び家電機器３等の制御は、ＨＥＭＳコントローラ３１０が司る。すなわち、図５の例の電力計測通信装置３１４は、図４に示すように、ＨＥＭＳコントローラ３１０と無線通信を行う。ＨＥＭＳコントローラ３１０は、宅内の家電機器３、太陽光発電機４、燃料電池５、蓄電池６、電気自動車７及び情報処理端末８と通信を行う。FIG. 4 shows a configuration of a wireless communication system according to a modification of the present invention. FIG. 5 shows a configuration of a wireless communication apparatus and its surroundings applied to the modified example. FIG. 6 shows the configuration of the
すなわち、分電盤３０１には、電力計測通信装置３１４が設けられ、電力計測通信装置３１４は、宅内で消費される電力を計測し、ＨＥＭＳコントローラ３１０に計測した電力量の通知などの通信を行う。ＨＥＭＳコントローラ３１０は、太陽光発電機４及び燃料電池５による発電、蓄電池６の充放電、家電機器３等による電力消費等を制御する。太陽光発電機４及び燃料電池５による発電状況、蓄電池６の充電状況、家電機器３等による電力消費状況は、情報処理端末８によって表示することができる。情報処理端末８の機能等については、上記図１の例と同様である。That is, the
図５は、本変形例の分電盤３０１の構成を示す。分電盤３０１は、電力計測通信装置３１４、主幹ブレーカ１１、複数の分岐ブレーカ１２を有する。主幹ブレーカ１１は、主幹ブレーカ１１から延出された系統電源線である幹線１３を介して分岐ブレーカ１２と接続されている。主幹ブレーカ１１は、入力側端子１１ａと出力側端子１１ｂとを有している。主幹ブレーカ１１の入力側端子１１ａは、電力線３０を介して、スマートメータ２に接続されている。主幹ブレーカ１１の出力側端子１１ｂは、幹線１３を介して、分岐ブレーカ１２および電力計測通信装置３１４に接続されている。各分岐ブレーカ１２は、幹線１３から分岐して、各分岐ブレーカ１２に対応して設けられた各系統の壁コンセントに、電力を供給する。また、各分岐ブレーカ１２は、対応する系統の壁コンセントを介して家電機器３等の負荷に過電流が流れたとき、その系統の回路を遮断する。各分岐ブレーカ１２の電流の総和が過大になったときには、主幹ブレーカ１１が作動して全ての系統の回路を遮断する。FIG. 5 shows the configuration of the
電力計測通信装置３１４は、主幹ブレーカ１１から延出された幹線１３に直接的に接続されており、幹線１３から電力の供給を受けて動作する。なお、電力計測通信装置３１４は、幹線１３に接続されている複数の分岐ブレーカ１２のうち、電力計測通信装置３１４に電力を供給するために設けられている専用の分岐ブレーカ１２に接続されていてもよい。いずれの場合にあっても、電力計測通信装置３１４は、分電盤３０１の内部の系統電源線に直接的に有線で接続される。電力計測通信装置３１４は、電力計測部１４と、無線通信装置１５とを有する。電力計測部１４は、幹線１３に接続され、宅内で消費される電力を計測する。電力計測部１４によって計測された電力の情報は、ＰＬＣモデム１６を介してスマートメータ２に送信されたり、送信部１８を介してＨＥＭＳコントローラ３１０や情報処理端末８に送信されたりする。ここで、ＰＬＣモデム１６とスマートメータ２との間においてなされる有線通信のプロトコル（第１プロトコル）と、ＨＥＭＳネットワーク１Ａ内におけるＨＥＭＳコントローラ３１０－電力計測通信装置３１４間の無線通信のプロトコル（第２プロトコル）とは異なっているので、制御部３１７は、プロトコル変換部（通信データ変換部）として機能する。The power
ＨＥＭＳコントローラ３１０は、図６に示すように、電力計測通信装置３１４と通信する第１通信部３１５Ａと、家電機器３等と通信する第２通信部３１５Ｂと、ＨＥＭＳコントローラ３１０の各部の制御を司る制御部３２７と、を備える。第１通信部３１５Ａは、第１送信部３１８Ａと、第１受信部３１９Ａと、第１アンテナ３２０Ａとを備える。第２通信部３１５Ｂは、第２送信部３１８Ｂと、第２受信部３１９Ｂと、第２アンテナ３２０Ｂとを備える。また、制御部３２７は、第２受信部３１９Ｂを介して得たＨＥＭＳネットワーク１Ａ内の家電機器３等の情報を、第１送信部３１８Ａを介して電力計測通信装置３１４に伝達したり、第２送信部３１８Ｂを介して情報処理端末８に送信したりする。また、電力会社から送信され電力計測通信装置３１４及び第１受信部３１９Ａを介して得た情報を、第２送信部３１８Ｂを介して情報処理端末８に送信したり、同情報に基づいて、ＨＥＭＳネットワーク１Ａ内の家電機器３等を制御する信号を第２送信部３１８Ｂから送信させたりする。As shown in FIG. 6, the
制御部３２７は、スマートメータ２で測定された消費電力量と、電力計測通信装置３１４で測定された電力量（ＨＥＭＳネットワーク１Ａ内での発電量および消費電力量）とに基づいて、ＨＥＭＳネットワーク１Ａ内の機器の動作を制御してもよい。The
ここで、ＨＥＭＳコントローラ３１０－電力計測通信装置３１４間の無線通信のプロトコル（第２プロトコル）と、ＨＥＭＳコントローラ３１０－他の各機器間の無線通信のプロトコル（第３プロトコル）とが異なる場合、制御部３２７は、プロトコル変換部（通信データ変換部）として機能する。なお、ＨＥＭＳコントローラ３１０－電力計測通信装置３１４間の無線通信のプロトコルと、ＨＥＭＳコントローラ３１０－他の各機器間の無線通信のプロトコルとが同じ場合には、第２通信部３１５Ｂを省略してもよい。Here, if the wireless communication protocol (second protocol) between the
参考例として図３に示した無線通信システム２００においては、スマートメータネットワーク２Ａ及びＨＥＭＳネットワーク１Ａがそれぞれ独立して進化する過程で、互換性の問題が発生することがある。しかしながら、本発明による無線通信システムの変形例として図４，５に示した無線通信システム３００にあっては、以下の効果が生ずる。すなわち、両ネットワークの通信方式の差異を電力計測通信装置３１４によって吸収する（データ変換部としての制御部３１７によって吸収する）ことにより、それぞれのネットワークの進化に自由度を持たせることができる。例えば、ＨＥＭＳネットワーク１Ａの通信方式を変更する場合であっても、電力計測通信装置３１４によって適宜対応させることにより、スマートメータ２の仕様に影響を及ぼすことが少ないため、ＨＥＭＳネットワーク１Ａの進化を妨げる虞が少ない。スマートメータネットワーク２Ａの通信方式を変更する場合も同様である。In the
以上のように、本実施形態の無線通信装置１５は、分電盤１内の系統電源線である幹線１３に直接的に接続され、幹線１３から電力の供給を受けて動作するように構成されているので、停電時以外の平穏時において電源を喪失することがない。As described above, the
また、本実施形態の無線通信装置１５は、ＰＬＣモデム１６、制御部１７、送信部１８、受信部１９及び電源部２１等によって構成される無線通信装置１５の本体部分が、分電盤１の筐体１Ｂによって覆われて保護される構成を有している。従って、長年の使用においても粉塵等の侵入を防止することができ、結線部の漏電に伴う火災の発生を抑制することができる。In addition, the
なお、本発明は上記実施形態の構成に限られることなく、少なくとも無線通信装置１５が分電盤１内の系統電源線である幹線１３に直接的に接続され、幹線１３から電力の供給を受けて動作するように構成されていればよい。The present invention is not limited to the configuration of the above-described embodiment, and at least the
また、本発明は種々の変形が可能である。例えば、ＰＬＣモデム１６、制御部１７、送信部１８、受信部１９及び電源部２１等によって構成される無線通信装置１５の本体部分が、分電盤１の筐体１Ｂの内部に配設され、アンテナ２０は、分電盤１の筐体１Ｂの外部に露出して配設される形態であってもよい。この形態においては、筐体１Ｂの外部に配設されたアンテナ２０によってＨＥＭＳネットワーク１Ａ内の各機器との無線通信性能を高めることができる。特に、筐体１Ｂが金属材料で形成されている場合であっては、静電遮蔽による無線通信性能の低下を抑制できる。Further, the present invention can be variously modified. For example, the main body portion of the
また、無線通信装置１５は、分電盤１の筐体１Ｂの外部に配設されていてもよい。この場合、無線通信装置１５は、分電盤１の筐体１Ｂに連接して配設されているのが好ましい。この場合においては、収容空間が狭い分電盤にも本発明を適用可能となる。また、専用の分電盤１を新設することなく、既存の分電盤２０１を用いて本発明の無線通信システム１００を構築することができる。また、筐体１Ｂが金属材料で形成されている場合も、上記と同様である。Further, the
また、スマートメータ２と第１通信部１５Ａとの間の通信には、無線を用いるように構成されていてもよい。この場合にあっては、電力線通信のためのＰＬＣモデム１６が不要となり、スマートメータ２との間で無線通信を行うための送受信部がアンテナと共に設けられる。なお、スマートメータネットワーク２Ａの通信方式における物理層と、ＨＥＭＳネットワーク１Ａの通信方式における物理層が同一である場合は、第２通信部１５Ｂの送信部１８、受信部１９及びアンテナ２０を第１通信部１５Ａと兼用するように構成されていてもよい。Further, the communication between the
また、無線通信装置１５及び無線通信システム１００は、ＨＥＭＳネットワーク１Ａ以外の種々の無線通信ネットワークに広く適用可能である。これに伴い、電力計測部１４が計測する電力は、宅内に限られず、所定の閉じた領域内で消費される電力であってもよい。Further, the
Claims (10)
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| CN201280056215.4ACN103947122A (en) | 2011-11-16 | 2012-11-14 | Wireless communication apparatus, wireless communication system having same, and power consumption management apparatus |
| KR1020147016131AKR20140092401A (en) | 2011-11-16 | 2012-11-14 | Wireless communication apparatus, wireless communication system having same, and power consumption management apparatus |
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| JP2011251053AJP2013106322A (en) | 2011-11-16 | 2011-11-16 | Radio communication device and radio communication system including the same |
| JP2011-251053 | 2011-11-16 |
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| WO2013073548A1true WO2013073548A1 (en) | 2013-05-23 |
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| KR (1) | KR20140092401A (en) |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN103947122A (en) | 2014-07-23 |
| JP2013106322A (en) | 2013-05-30 |
| TW201328100A (en) | 2013-07-01 |
| KR20140092401A (en) | 2014-07-23 |
| TWI467880B (en) | 2015-01-01 |
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