由弹性活门式瓶塞和穿剌针组成的医用装置 技术领域 Medical device consisting of elastic valve stopper and puncture needle TECHNICAL FIELD
本发明涉及一种专用于医学或医药目的的容器及与之配套使用的用于运 送液体的装置， 具体地讲是一种由弹性活门式瓶塞和穿刺针组成的医用装 置。 背景技术 The invention relates to a container dedicated to medical or medicinal purposes and a device for transporting liquids used with the container, and in particular to a medical device composed of an elastic valve-type stopper and a puncture needle. Background technique
目前国内外所使用的医用药瓶， 包括输液瓶和小的药瓶的瓶塞都是一整体 的无孔橡胶塞， 其结构如图 1 所示 为了防污染和防瓶塞脱出， 在瓶塞 1的外 部包嵌有铝制罩盖 15, 使用时， 将铝制罩盖 15剥开， 用针头 2刺透瓶塞 1的橡胶 塞体进行配药或输液。 此外， 目前的小药瓶的瓶塞 1为一阶梯状圆柱体， 与瓶 体的密封全靠插塞人瓶口内的塞柱部份， 而无瓶塞塞套， 外部直接包嵌铝制罩 盖 15, 而当铝制罩盖 15压不紧时， 会带动瓶塞松动， 从而导致漏气， 致使其内 药品变质或提前失效， 有害于人体键康。 At present, the medical bottle used at home and abroad, including the infusion bottle and the small bottle stopper, are integral non-porous rubber stoppers. Its structure is shown in Figure 1. In order to prevent pollution and prevent the stopper from coming out, The outer cover 1 is embedded with an aluminum cover 15. When in use, the aluminum cover 15 is peeled off, and the rubber stopper of the stopper 1 is pierced with the needle 2 for dispensing or infusion. In addition, the stopper 1 of the current vial is a stepped cylinder, and the sealing of the bottle body is entirely based on the plug portion of the plug mouth, and there is no stopper sleeve, and the outer cover is directly embedded with an aluminum cover. Cap 15, and when the aluminum cover 15 is not pressed tightly, it will cause the stopper to loosen, resulting in air leakage, causing deterioration or premature failure of its internal medicine, which is harmful to human health.
而目前的穿刺针 2， 不论是双管的穿刺针如图 2 所示， 还是单管的穿刺针， 其针孔 22均开设在针头的针尖斜面穿刺部 23处， 并因此形成一具有锋利周边 刃口的椭圆形针孔 22, 如图 2和图 3所示， 利用该刃口穿刺橡胶瓶塞 1时， 常会 切割瓶塞 1而引起掉块、 脱屑， 该掉块、 脱屑不仅易使针孔 22阻塞， 其脱屑还 会随穿刺过程而掉人药瓶内， 污染药液,影响药液的澄明度， 增加药液中的颗 粒数目， 并随药液输人人体。 The current puncture needle 2, whether it is a double-needle puncture needle as shown in FIG. 2, or a single-needle puncture needle, its needle hole 22 is opened at the needle point bevel puncture portion 23 of the needle, and thus forms a sharp periphery The oval-shaped pinhole 22 of the cutting edge, as shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, when the rubber stopper 1 is punctured by the cutting edge, the stopper 1 is often cut to cause block dropping and chipping, and the chip dropping and chipping is not only easy. If the pinhole 22 is blocked, the desquamation will fall into the medicine bottle with the puncture process, contaminating the medicine solution, affecting the clarity of the medicine solution, increasing the number of particles in the medicine solution, and injecting the medicine into the human body with the medicine solution.
这些不能分解的橡胶异物和微粒一旦随药液输入人体血管，可引起静脉炎 症、 热原反应、 过敏反应、 血管栓塞等症状， 瓶塞微粒碎屑进人肺部则会导致 肺部肉芽肿的形成， 微粒碎屑经肺部小血管进入大循环而流到心、 脑、 肾等重 要器官时， 则可引发局部血管或多发性、 广泛性的血管栓塞， 严重时， 会导致 相应栓塞区域的缺血、 梗死 当较大或较多的异物栓子进人小循环时可栓塞肺 动脉的主干， 从而引起肺动脉、心脏冠状动脉和支气管平滑肌的痉挛， 严重时， 会导致急性心肺循环呼吸功能衰竭而死亡 发明内容Once these non-decomposable rubber foreign bodies and particles enter the human blood vessel with the drug solution, they can cause symptoms such as venous inflammation, pyrogen reaction, allergic reaction, and vascular embolism. Debris particles of bottle stoppers into the human lung can cause pulmonary granulomas. The formation of particulate debris, which enters the large circulation through small blood vessels in the lungs, and flows to important organs such as the heart, brain, and kidneys, can cause local blood vessels or multiple, widespread vascular embolisms. In severe cases, it can cause the corresponding embolism areas. Ischemia, infarction can embolize the lungs when larger or more foreign body emboli enter the small circulation The trunk of the artery, which causes spasms of the pulmonary arteries, heart coronary arteries, and bronchial smooth muscle. In severe cases, it can cause acute cardiopulmonary circulation respiratory failure and death.
本发明的目的就在于克服现有技术的上述缺点和不足，而提供一种由开有 弹性活门的瓶塞及与弹性瓶塞插楔塞人而无穿刺切削作用的配套针头组成的 医用装置， 以解决现有穿刺针头在穿刺瓶塞时所产生的掉块， 脱屑对药品及人 体的污染和危害以及密封不严易导致药品失效的问题。 The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings and deficiencies of the prior art, and to provide a medical device composed of a stopper with an elastic valve and a matching needle that inserts a wedge with the elastic stopper without puncturing and cutting, In order to solve the problems that the existing puncture needles puncture the bottle stopper, the desquamation contaminates and harms the medicine and the human body, and the problem that the seal is not easy to cause the medicine to fail.
本发明的目的是通过下面的技术方案实现的： 本发明由与药瓶瓶口相塞盖 的瓶塞和与瓶塞相穿刺的穿刺针组成， 穿刺针针头上开设有与穿刺针的导引通 道相通的导孔， 其特征在于： 在瓶塞的塞柱上开设有一导引凹槽， 在导引凹槽 的底部至瓶塞与瓶体内相贯通处之间的瓶塞的轴向段，设有一平时依靠弹力闭 合密封、 而受外力作用时迫开的弹性活门， 在导引凹槽内塞嵌一塞盖， 穿刺针 的针头设有一插撑段， 导孔开设在穿刺针针体的径向侧并与导引通道相贯通。 The object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solution: The present invention is composed of a cork that is closed with a bottle mouth of the medicine bottle and a puncture needle that punctures the cork, and the puncture needle is provided with a guide for the puncture needle. A guide hole communicating with the channel is characterized in that: a guide groove is provided on the stopper post of the bottle stopper, and an axial section of the bottle stopper between the bottom of the guide groove and the point where the bottle stopper and the bottle body intersect, An elastic valve that normally closes the seal by elastic force and is forced to open when exposed to an external force is provided. A cap is inserted into the guide groove. The needle of the puncture needle is provided with a support section. The guide hole is opened in the needle body of the puncture needle. The radial side is connected with the guide channel.
本发明的显著效果如下： The significant effects of the present invention are as follows:
第 1 : 由于穿刺针的导孔开设在穿刺针的针体的径向， 因此， 其只具有吸 导药液和气体的作用而无刃口的切削作用，加上瓶塞上设置有供穿刺针迫入和 导人的导引凹槽和弹性活门， 所以， 在操作过程中对瓶塞无任何硬性穿刺和切 削作用， 因此， 既不会因掉块阻塞针孔， 也不会产生掉块脱屑现象， 能确保无 异物和微粒进人药液而注人人身体， 故具有安全、 卫生配用药的特点， 解决了 目前临床配药输液穿刺瓶塞操作过程中瓶塞掉块脱屑进人液体对人身造成的 各种危害。 First: Since the guide hole of the puncture needle is opened in the radial direction of the needle body of the puncture needle, it only has the function of sucking the liquid and the gas without cutting the cutting edge, and the stopper is provided for puncture The needle is forced into and guided by the guide groove and the elastic valve, so there is no hard puncture and cutting effect on the stopper during the operation. Therefore, the pinhole will not be blocked by the block, and the block will not be generated. The desquamation phenomenon can ensure that no foreign matter and particles enter the medicinal solution and inject it into the human body. Therefore, it has the characteristics of safe and hygienic dispensing, and solves the problem of the current plugging of corks during clinical dispensing infusion. Various hazards caused by liquids.
第 2: 由于弹性活门具有弹性自封闭和受力迫张而使针头针体导人的双重 功能， 因此， 具有密封性能好和完成针头针体导入及导入后的自密封效果。 第 3: 导引凹槽内所设有的塞盖为可揭离的塞嵌结构， 并由其弹性与弹性 瓶塞结合成一弹性整体， 平时可起密封、 防护作用， 而穿刺时可揭离而起开孔 作用。 附图简要说明Second: Because the elastic valve has the dual functions of elastic self-closing and force forcing the needle body to be guided, it has good sealing performance and self-sealing effect after the introduction and introduction of the needle body. Part 3: The plug cap provided in the guide groove is a removable plug-in structure, and its elasticity is combined with the elastic stopper into an elastic whole, which can normally serve as a seal and protection, and can be peeled off when puncturing And play the role of openings. Brief description of the drawings
图 1是现有瓶塞的使用效果图。 FIG. 1 is an effect drawing of a conventional stopper.
图 2是现有穿刺输液针的结构示意图。 FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a conventional puncture infusion needle.
图 3是现有穿刺配药针的结构示意图。 FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a conventional puncture dispensing needle.
图 4是本发明的瓶塞的结构剖面图。 Fig. 4 is a structural sectional view of a stopper according to the present invention.
图 5是图 4的 A-A剖面图。 Fig. 5 is a sectional view taken along the line A-A in Fig. 4.
图 6是本发明输液针的结构剖面图。 Fig. 6 is a structural sectional view of an infusion needle according to the present invention.
图 7是本发明穿刺针的结构剖面图。 Fig. 7 is a structural sectional view of a puncture needle according to the present invention.
图 8是本发明的使用效果图。 Fig. 8 is a diagram showing the use effect of the present invention.
图 9是本发明瓶塞结构的第二种实施例。 Fig. 9 shows a second embodiment of the stopper structure of the present invention.
图 10是本发明瓶塞结构的第三种实施例。 Fig. 10 shows a third embodiment of the stopper structure of the present invention.
图 11是本发明瓶塞结构的第四种实施例。 Fig. 11 is a fourth embodiment of the stopper structure of the present invention.
图 12是本发明瓶塞结构的第五种实施例。 Fig. 12 is a fifth embodiment of the stopper structure of the present invention.
图 13是本发明瓶塞结构的第六种实施例。 最佳实施方式 Fig. 13 is a sixth embodiment of the stopper structure of the present invention. Best practice
本发明的实施方式结合附图 4至图 13所示的结构进行详细的说明： The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail with reference to the structures shown in FIGS. 4 to 13:
本发明由与瓶口相塞盖的弹性瓶塞 1和与弹性瓶塞 1相穿刺的穿刺针 2组 成， 穿刺针 2的针头上开设有与其自身导引通道 24相贯通的导孔 22， 弹性瓶塞 1 外部包嵌有铝质封盖 15。 在弹性瓶塞 1的轴向开设有一导引凹槽 13， 在导引凹 槽 13的底部至瓶塞 1与瓶体内相贯通处之间的瓶塞 1的轴向段，设有一平时依靠 弹力闭合密封、 而受外力作用时迫开的弹性活门 14, 在导引凹槽 13内塞嵌一弹 性塞盖 12。 穿刺针 2的针头 23的后部的针体 21的径向开设有导液孔 22, 如图 6和 图 7所示。The invention is composed of an elastic bottle stopper 1 which is plugged with the bottle mouth and a puncture needle 2 which punctures with the elastic bottle stopper 1. The needle of the puncture needle 2 is provided with a guide hole 22 which penetrates its own guide channel 24, which is elastic. The stopper 1 is covered with an aluminum closure 15 on the outside. A guide groove 13 is provided in the axial direction of the elastic bottle stopper 1. An axial section of the bottle stopper 1 is provided between the bottom of the guide groove 13 and the intersection of the bottle stopper 1 and the bottle body. The elastic valve 14 which is closed and sealed and is forced to open under the action of an external force, and a spring is inserted into the guide groove 13 性 塞 盖 12。 Sex plug cover 12. A liquid guide hole 22 is provided in the radial direction of the needle body 21 at the rear of the needle 23 of the puncture needle 2, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7.
如图 4 和图 5 所示， 上述的弹性活门 14为一沿弹性瓶塞 1的塞柱部份切开 的、 且有一定的径向宽度的切缝口， 位于切缝口上部的是导引凹槽 13, 弹性塞 盖 12塞嵌在导引凹槽 13内。 参见图 4和图 5。 As shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5, the above-mentioned elastic valve 14 is a slit opening with a certain radial width, which is cut along the plunger portion of the elastic stopper 1. The guide groove 13 and the elastic plug cover 12 are inserted into the guide groove 13. See Figure 4 and Figure 5.
橡胶制成的弹性瓶塞 1的塞柱顶部可开设有一环状凹槽 18, 该环状凹槽与 导引凹槽 13相接， 导引凹槽 13的底部连接于弹性活门 14的切缝口。 上述环状 凹槽 18、 导引凹槽 13以及其底部相连的形成弹性活门 14的切缝口均沿弹性瓶 塞 1的塞柱轴向串接开设。 而弹性塞盖 12的形状可与上述由环状凹槽 18以及导 引凹槽 13相对应， 当弹性塞盖 12嵌塞人导引凹槽 13内， 可与弹性瓶塞 1相结合 构成一弹性整体，其作用是防止瓶内的液体在压力的作用下不会冲开该弹性活 门 14而泄露。弹性塞盖 12嵌塞于环状凹槽 18的部份又可使该弹性塞盖 12容易打 开，便于弹性塞盖 12的揭离操作. A ring-shaped groove 18 may be provided on the top of the stopper column of the rubber stopper 1 made of rubber. The ring-shaped groove is connected to the guide groove 13, and the bottom of the guide groove 13 is connected to the slit of the elastic valve 14. mouth. The above-mentioned annular groove 18, the guide groove 13 and the slits of the elastic valve 14 connected to the bottom thereof are all connected in series along the axial direction of the plug column of the elastic stopper 1. The shape of the elastic stopper 12 may correspond to the annular groove 18 and the guide groove 13 described above. When the elastic stopper 12 is inserted into the guide groove 13, it can be combined with the elastic stopper 1 to form a The elastic whole is to prevent the liquid in the bottle from leaking through the elastic valve 14 under the effect of pressure. The part of the elastic plug cover 12 embedded in the annular groove 18 can make the elastic plug cover 12 easy to open, which facilitates the peeling operation of the elastic plug cover 12.
如图 6和图 7 所示， 无穿刺刃口的穿刺针 2包括具有双通道的输液穿刺针 和只有单通道的穿刺针两种结构。 穿刺针 2的前段的针头 23是一实芯的锥状插 撑段， 导液孔 22开设在针体 21的径向并与其通道 24相贯通。 As shown in Fig. 6 and Fig. 7, the puncture needle 2 without a puncture edge includes two structures of an infusion puncture needle having a dual channel and a puncture needle having only a single channel. The needle 23 at the front section of the puncture needle 2 is a solid-core tapered inserting section, and a liquid guide hole 22 is opened in the radial direction of the needle body 21 and communicates with its channel 24.
针头无穿刺刃口的穿刺针 2可由不锈钢或工程塑料制成。 The puncture needle 2 without a puncture edge of the needle can be made of stainless steel or engineering plastic.
在弹性瓶塞 1的与药瓶瓶口相插塞的塞柱部外周有一向下翻并与瓶体颈口 处外表面包箍的外套环 11,如图 4和图 5所示。 On the outer periphery of the plug portion of the elastic bottle stopper 1 which is plugged with the bottle mouth of the medicine bottle, there is an outer ring 11 which is turned down and is hooped with the outer surface of the neck of the bottle body, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5.
本发明的使用方法如图 8所示， 使用时， 先将铝制封盖 15剥开， 再将弹性 塞盖 12起掉显露出导引凹槽 13, 将穿刺针 2对准导引凹槽 13向内插人， 使弹性 活门 14被撑胀开， 并利用弹性活门 14的弹性力将穿刺针 2以密封状态夹住， 穿 刺针 2的针头 23则穿过弹性活门的切缝口无切削地进入到瓶体内， 继续将穿刺 针向内推进， 使位于针头 23后部的导孔 22也进人到瓶体内腔中， 此时瓶体内外 导通， 进行输液或配药。 The use method of the present invention is shown in FIG. 8. When using, the aluminum cover 15 is peeled off first, then the elastic plug cover 12 is lifted off to expose the guide groove 13, and the puncture needle 2 is aligned with the guide groove. 13 insert the person inward, so that the elastic valve 14 is expanded and expanded, and the puncture needle 2 is clamped in a sealed state by using the elastic force of the elastic valve 14, and the needle 23 of the puncture needle 2 passes through the slit of the elastic valve without cutting Ground into the bottle body, continue to advance the puncture needle inward, so that the guide hole 22 located at the rear of the needle 23 also enters the body cavity of the bottle. At this time, the inside and outside of the bottle are communicated for infusion or dispensing.
图 9至图 13示出本发明瓶带有弹性活门 14的塞盖的各种实施例。 图 9所示出的实施例中， 其导引凹槽 13为一半球形凹槽 131, 弹性活门 14设 于该半球形凹槽 131的中心处。 弹性塞盖 12为一扁球形弹性塞 121, 可压在该圆 形凹槽 131处， 再将铝制嵌盖 15压封后， 扁球形弹性塞 121可利用其弹性压紧于 弹性活门 14上， 起到密封的作用。 使用吋打开铝制嵌盖 15, 扁球形弹性塞 121 上的压力解除， 会自动弹离导引凹槽 13,使得弹性活门 14显露出， 便于穿刺针 2准确地插人。9 to 13 show various embodiments of the stopper cap of the bottle of the present invention with the elastic valve 14. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 9, the guiding groove 13 is a hemispherical groove 131, and the elastic shutter 14 is provided at the center of the hemispherical groove 131. The elastic plug cover 12 is a flat spherical elastic plug 121, which can be pressed at the circular groove 131. After the aluminum insert cover 15 is sealed, the flat spherical elastic plug 121 can be pressed against the elastic valve 14 by its elasticity. , Plays the role of sealing. Use the inch to open the aluminum insert cover 15. The pressure on the oblate elastic plug 121 will be released from the guide groove 13 automatically, so that the elastic shutter 14 is exposed, which is convenient for the puncture needle 2 to be inserted accurately.
图 10所示出的实施例中， 其导引凹槽 13为一半球形凹槽 131，弹性活门 14设 于该半球形凹槽 131的中心处。 弹性塞盖 12为球缺形弹性塞 122, 可压在半球形 凹槽 131处， 再将铝制嵌盖 15压封后， 球缺形弹性塞 122可利用其弹性压紧于弹 性活门 14上， 起到密封的作用。使用时打开铝制嵌盖 15,球缺形弹性塞 122上的 压力解除， 可方便地揭离于导引槽 13, 使得弹性活门 14显露出， 便于穿刺针 2 准确地插人。 In the embodiment shown in FIG. 10, the guide groove 13 is a hemispherical groove 131, and the elastic shutter 14 is provided at the center of the hemispherical groove 131. The elastic plug cover 12 is a ball-missing elastic plug 122, which can be pressed at the hemispherical groove 131. After the aluminum insert cover 15 is pressure-sealed, the ball-missing elastic plug 122 can be pressed against the elastic valve 14 by its elasticity. , Plays the role of sealing. When the aluminum insert cover 15 is opened during use, the pressure on the ball-shaped elastic plug 122 is released, and the pressure can be easily removed from the guide groove 13, so that the elastic valve 14 is exposed, and the puncture needle 2 can be accurately inserted.
图 11和图 12所示出的两种实施例中， 其导引凹槽 13为锥状凹槽 132, 弹性活 门 14设于该锥状凹槽 132的中心处。 弹性塞盖 12为一锥状弹性压塞 123, 该锥状 弹性压塞 123设有平面压抵于瓶塞 1的上端面， 中心处向下设有一锥状凸台插 入上述导引凹槽 13的锥状凹槽 132内， 当铝制嵌盖 15压封后， 该锥状弹性压塞 123利用其弹性压紧于弹性活门 14上， 起到密封的作用。 使用时打开铝制嵌盖 15， 锥状弹性压塞 123上的压力解除， 可方便地揭离于导引槽 13, 使得弹性活 门显露出，便于穿刺针 2准确地插入。 In the two embodiments shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, the guide groove 13 is a tapered groove 132, and the elastic shutter 14 is provided at the center of the tapered groove 132. The elastic plug cap 12 is a tapered elastic pressure plug 123. The tapered elastic pressure plug 123 is provided with a flat surface to press against the upper end face of the bottle stopper 1, and a cone-shaped boss is downwardly inserted at the center to insert the guide groove 13. In the tapered groove 132, when the aluminum insert 15 is pressed and sealed, the tapered elastic pressing plug 123 is pressed against the elastic valve 14 with its elasticity, and plays a sealing role. When the aluminum insert cover 15 is opened during use, the pressure on the cone-shaped elastic pressing plug 123 is released, and it can be easily peeled off the guide groove 13, so that the elastic valve is exposed, and the puncture needle 2 can be accurately inserted.
在图 13所示的实施例中， 其导引凹槽 13为一柱形凹槽 133, 该柱形凹槽 133 沿瓶塞轴向设置， 弹性活门 14设于瓶塞 1柱塞段的底端， 并接通于上述柱形凹 槽 133的底部。 弹性塞盖 12的形状可与该导引凹槽 13的柱形凹槽 133相对应， 并 嵌塞于其中， 此种结构由于弹性塞盖 12与导引凹槽 13的接触面大， 所以其密封 效果极好， 可应用于各种容积较大的输液瓶。 即使在较恶劣运输条件， 瓶内的 液体在强烈的晃动下产生一较大的压力的情况下,也不会冲开弹性活门 14。 In the embodiment shown in FIG. 13, the guiding groove 13 is a cylindrical groove 133. The cylindrical groove 133 is disposed along the axial direction of the stopper. The elastic valve 14 is provided at the bottom of the plunger section of the stopper 1. End, and connected to the bottom of the cylindrical groove 133. The shape of the elastic plug cover 12 may correspond to the cylindrical groove 133 of the guide groove 13 and be embedded therein. This type of structure has a large contact surface with the guide groove 13, so its structure The sealing effect is very good, and it can be applied to various large infusion bottles. Even under severe transportation conditions, the liquid in the bottle will not open the elastic valve 14 even if it generates a large pressure under strong shaking.