WO1992011839A1 - Anhydrous aerosol - Google Patents

Abstract

There is provided an anhydrous topically applicable aerosol foam composition comprising a foamable anhydrous liquid, a foaming agent selected from the group consisting of methyl glucose C16-C18 aliphatic acid esters and a propellant, said propellant being capable of existing in gaseous form at ambient pressure and temperature and being present in an amount sufficient to produce a stable measurable foam but insufficient to produce a spray when said composition is ejected through an aerosol valve.

Description

ANHYDROUS AEROSOL

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

There is provided an anhydrous topically applicable aerosol f composition comprising a foamable anhydrous liquid, a foaming a selected from the group consisting of methyl glucose C₁₆-C₁₈ aliph acid esters and a propellant, said propellant being capable of exis in gaseous form at ambient pressure and temperature and being present an amount sufficient to produce a stable measurable foam but insuffici to produce a spray when said composition is ejected through an aer valve.

Suitably, the composition comprises from about 35 to about by weight of said foamable anhydrous liquid, from about 0.2 to about 1 by weight of said foaming agent, and from about 2 to about 15% by wei of said propellant, all % being by weight of the total composition. desired, the composition may additionally comprising between about to about 50% by weight of at least one an additional topically ac composition which may be a solid suspendable in or a material soluble the composition. The active component may be a foamable liquid.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Non-aqueous aerosol foams have been disclosed heretofore. selection of suitable foaming agents has however been a problem. U.

Patent 3,135,658 to Hanus and Oulette, discloses a method of trea bovine mastitis using a milk miscible, non-aqueous surfactant stabili oleaginous liquid material, which foams upon contact with the milk in cow's udder. The material which is administered does not, of it create a foam. A heat generating composition, one of the uses of foams disclosed herein, is disclosed in U.S. Patent 3,250,680 to Men and Ricciuti. This material is not a foam but utilizes alumlnosili molecular sieve materials taken up in non-aqueous carriers such polyethylene glycol, using sorbitan monostearate or polyoxyethyl sorbitan mono oleate as surfactant materials in the composition. The first true non-aqueous aerosol foam is disclosed in U. S. Patent 3,419,658 to Sanders. The Sanders foam however is limited to white mineral oil as the anhydrous liquid. The surfactants are also rather limited to their particular category. It should be noted that the same author published a somewhat extensive review of non-aqueous aerosol foams in Soap and Chemical Specialties. November 1960, page 87 through 109. While Sanders projects several uses for such materials, the non- aqueous liquids are limited to alkylene glycols and the ethers thereof. Furthermore, the surfactants are similarly of the propylene glycol monostearate or polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate type.

U. S. Patent 3,770,648 to Leonard Mackles (one of the inventors herein) is directed to an aerosol foam utilizing a silicone resin as the foaming agent. U. S. Patent 4,379,143 to Sherry, et al., is directed to a topical self-heating liquid or ointment used for analgesic purposes which comprises a zeolite and an anhydrous liquid. There is no disclosure in Sherry of the possibility of foaming the compositions since no foaming agent is disclosed. Furthermore, the invention is specifically limited to the use of the zeolite as the sole warming agent. U. S. Patent 4,627,973 to Moran, et al., is directed to a skin mousse. Moran, et al., however comprises a substantial amount of water and cannot therefore be considered to fall within the category of the present invention.

U. S. Patent 4,639,367 to Leonard Mackles is directed to an edible anhydrous aerosol foam composition comprising a foamable liquid oil, a dispersed solid foaming agent and a propellent. However, the disclosure of this invention being directed to edible foams, does not consider the requirements necessary for foaming a topically absorbable, as opposed to an ingestible, anhydrous liquid.

U. S. Patent 4,752,465, which is a continuation-in-part of the aforementioned 4,639,367, is directed to a similar product having dispersed therein a particular proportion of solid particles. It will thus be seen that the problem of providing an anhydro topically applicable aerosol foam containing a foamable topic absorbable anhydrous liquid, has not been satisfactorily addressed the prior art. In order to provide commercially satisfactory produ in the aforementioned category, it is necessary that foams be prepara from a diverse group of anhydrous liquids such as giycerol fatty a esters; e.g., soybean oil, corn oil, mono and diglycerol este acetylated monoglycerides, glyceryl triacetate; di and triethyl est of organic acids, e.g., triethyl citrate, diethyl phthalate; aroma acid esters, e.g., methyl saiicylate, benzyl benzoate; and water solu glycols, e.g., propylene glycol and polyethylene glycol 400.

While the art, as shown by the aforementioned references, teac a large number of foaming agents, it has been our surprising finding t these foaming agents are not satisfactory for foaming all of t aforementioned anhydrous liquids.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

Among the preferred foamable liquids there may be mention giycerol fatty acid esters, such as glyceryl triacetate, acetylated mo glycerides, di- and tri-ethyl esters of organic hydrocarbon acids, su as diethyl phthalate, triethyl citrate, monoesters of aromatic mo carboxylic acids such as methyl saiicylate, benzyl benzoate and wa soluble glycols such as propylene glycol or polyethylene glycol 400.

We have found that methyl glucose sesquiester of stearic acid a highly useful foaming agent for aerosol foam systems. The ester formed by reacting methyl glucoside and stearic acid in corr proportions so as to foam the "sesqui" ester having approximately following properties:

_^■

HLB: 6

Appearance: Off white solid

Utilizing this foaming agent, methyl glucose sesquistearate a levels between 0.2-10.0% in combination with a suitable foamabl anhydrous liquid and an aerosol propellent, there can be obtained variety of foams suitable for topical application to the dermal an mucosal tissues such as cosmetics, toiletries or drugs. These foams ca be made as stiff or as soft as required by simply varying the percentag of methyl glucose sesquistearate used.

In addition to the aforementioned methyl glucose sesquistearate methyl glucose dioieate is a preferred foaming agent.

The preferred propellants are hydrocarbon propellants such a propane, butane, isobutane and combinations thereof, fluorocarbo propellants such as Freon 11, Freon 12, Dymel 152, Dymel 142 and the like, dimethyl ether and compressed gases such as carbon dioxide, nitrogen an nitrous oxide, 3 - 10% by weight of propellant being preferred.

Where the foamable liquid itself is not topically active, it is desirable that the composition comprise at least one such agent such as topical anesthetics or analgesics such as menthol, methyl saiicylate, benzocaine, or lidocaine, antimicrobials such as benzethonium chloride, benzaikonium chloride, antibiotics such as bacitracin, polymyxin B or streptomycin; enzymes such as streptokinase, trypsin; heat generating agents such as activated sodium aluminum silicate; skin and hair conditioners such as lanolin and stearalkonium chloride; colorants such as FD & C Red 10 Lake, FD & C Yellow #6 Lake and fragrances such as citrus and floral volatile oils.

The foregoing components are fϊsiβd for purposes of exemplification and not limitation. The invention may be best illustrated by the following working examples.

100.00% 0 All percentages are by weight.

Procedure: Heat the triethyl citrate, methyl saiicylate a methyl glucose sesquistearate to 60°C, cool with stirring. Submit aerosol filling. Add the propellant by pressure filling.

The resultant foam is white and dense. It is easily rubbed 5 body areas in need of analgesia.

EXAMPLE 2 Anal Cleansing Foam

Glyceryl triacetate 92.00%

Methyl glucose sesquistearate 3.00 0 Propane 5.00

100.00% All percentages are by weight.

Procedure: Heat the glyceryl triacetate and methyl gluco sesquistearate to 60°C. Cool with stirring. Submit for aerosol fillin 5 Add the propellant by pressure filling.

The resultant foam is applied to toilet tissue and then used f anal cleansing. The foam being anhydrous will not cause the toi tissue to tear.

0 EXAMPLE 3 Medicated Anal Cleanser Foam

Glyceryl triacetate 88.00%

Benzocaine 5.00

Methyl glucose sesquistearate 2.00

Propane 5.00 5 100.00% All percentages are by weight. Procedure: Heat the glyceryl triacetate, benzocaine and meth glucose sesquistearate to 60°C. Cool with stirring. Submit for aeros filling. Add the propellant by pressure filling.

The resultant foam is applied to toilet tissue and then used f anogenital area cleansing and relief of hemorrhoidal pain. The foa being anhydrous, will not cause the toilet tissue to tear.

EXAMPLE 4 Vaginal Deodorant Foam Wipe

Propylene glycol 91.90% Benzethonium chloride 0.10

Methyl glucose sesquistearate 5.00

Propane 3.00

100.00% All percentages are by weight. Procedure: Heat propylene glycol, benzethonium chloride an methyl glucose sesquistearate to 60°C. Cool with stirring. Submit fo aerosol filling. Add propellant by pressure filling.

The resultant water soluble foam can be used on toilet tissue o by hand application to cleanse and deodorize the vaginal area.

EXAMPLE 5 Hot Oil Hair Conditioner Foam

Self Heating Foam Triethyl citrate 20.00%

Acetylated mono glyceride 22.20 Methyl glucose sesquistearate 3.00

Solufan 98 (Fatty ester-ether lanolin 1.00 complex)

Bentone 38 (quaternium-18- Hectorite) 1.50

Valfor G-110 (anhydrous sodium 40.00 aluminosiϊicatθ)

Isopropyl myristate 2.00

Fragrance 0.3

Propellant A-31 (isobutane) 10.00

100.00% All percentages are by weight. Procedure: Heat triethyl citrate, acetylated monoglyceri methyl glucose sesquistearate, solulan 98 and isopropyl myristate

70°C. With high speed stirring, add the Bentone 38 and Valfor G-1

Cool with stirring to 40°C, add fragrance and continue stirring u cool. Submit for aerosol filling. The propellant is pressure filled.

This foam is applied to a previous shampooed head while the is still wet. The foam will generate heat due to the exothermic react between the Valfor G-110 and water. The heat promotes the penetration the oils into the hair and scalp, giving a conditioning effect to b The product is rinsed off with water and the hair is then dried.

EXAMPLE 6 Hot Oil Facial Cleanser Foam

Self Heating Foam Acetylated Monoglycerides 22.00% Methyl glucose sesquistearate 3.00

Isopropyl myristate 15.70

Apricot kernel oil 0.10

Mink oil 0.10

Bentone 38 (quaternium18-Hectorite) 1.50 Valfor G-110 (Anhydrous sodium 46.80 aluminosilicate)

PEG 600 Dilaurate 3.50

Fragrance 0.30

Propane 7.00

100.00% All percentages are by weight.

Procedure: Heat the acetylated monoglycerides, methyl gluc sesquistearate, isopropyl myristate, apricot kernel oil, mink oil PEG 600 Dilaurate to 60°C. With high speed agitation, add the Bentone and the Valfor G-110. Cool with stirring to 40°C_> add - fragrance continue stirring until cool. Submii for aerosol filling. propellant by pressure filling.

This foam is applied to the wet face after washing with soap water. Heat is generated by the exothermic reaction between the Va G-110 and the water on the skin. The hot oils will penetrate into the pores to remove make-up, debris and dirt. The product is then rinsed o for a feeling of deep cleansing.

EXAMPLE 7 Self-Heating Analgesic Foam Rub Menthol 2.00%

Diethyl phthalate 52.50

Methyl glucose sesquistearate 0.50

Polyethylene glycol 400 dioleate 2.00

Valfor G-110 (anhydrous sodium 40.00 aluminosilicate)

Propane 3.00

100.00% All percentages are by weight.

Procedure: Heat the menthol, methyl saiicylate, diethy phthalate, polyethylene glycol 400 di oieate and methyl glucose sesquistearate to 60°C. With high speed stirring, add the Valfor G-110 and cool to room temperature. Submit for aerosol filling. Add the propellant by pressure filling.

The resultant foam is white and non-greasy. When applied to the skin, the Valfor G-110 reacts exothermically with the moisture in the skin, giving an immediate sensation of heat, which leads to better penetration of the analgesic actives and a more pronounced feeling of relief. The addition of the polyethylene glycol 400 dioleate allows the moisture of the skin to more easily mix with the foam.

EXAMPLE 8 Self-Heating Analgesic Foam Rub

Menthol 2.00%

Diethyl phthalate 52.00

Methyl glucose dioleate 1.00 Polyethylene glycol 400 dioleate 2.00

Valfor G-110 (anhydrous sodium 40.00 alumlnosiϋcats) Propane 3_OQ

100.00%

All percentages are by weight. Procedure: Mix the menthol, methyl saiicylate, diet phthalate, polyethylene glycol 400 dioleate and methyl glucose diole till clear. With high speed stirring, add the Valfor G-110 until mixt is uniform. Submit for aerosol filling. Add the propellant by press filling.

The resultant foam is white and non-greasy. When applied to t skin, the Valfor G-110 reacts exothermically with the moisture in t skin, giving an immediate sensation of heat, which leads to bet penetration of the analgesic actives and a more pronounced feeling relief. The addition of the polyethylene glycol 400 dioleate allows t moisture of the skin to more easily mix with the foam.

EXAMPLE 9 Self-Heating Analgesic Foam Rub

Menthol 2.00% Methyl saiicylate 3.00

Diethyl phthalate 52.50 Methyl glucose sesquistearate 0.50

Polyethylene glycol 400 dioleate 2.00

Valfor G-110 (anhydrous sodium 40.00 aluminosilicate)

Propane 3.00

100.00%

All percentages are by weight. Procedure: Heat the menthol, methyl saiicylate, diet phthalate, polyethylene glycol 400 dioleate and methyl gluco sesquistearate to 60°C. With high speed stirring, add the Valfor G-1 and cool to room temperature. Submit for aerosol filling. Add t propellant by pressure filling. The resultant foam is white and non-greasy. When applied to t skin, the Valfor G-110 reacts exothermically with the moisture in t skin, giving an immediate sensation of heat, which leads to bet penetration of the analgesic actives and a more pronounced feeling relief. The addition of the polyethylene glycol 400 dioleate allows t moisture of the skin to more easily mix with the foam. EXAMPLE 10 Self-Healinα Analgesic Foam Rub

Menthol 2.00%

Methyl saiicylate 3.00

Diethyl phthalate 52.00 Methyl glucose dioleate 1.00

Polyethylene glycol 400 dioleate 2.00

Valfor G-110 (anhydrous sodium 40.00 aluminosilicate)

Propane 3.00 100.00%

All percentages are by weight.

Procedure: Mix the menthol, methyl saiicylate, diethyl phthalate, polyethylene glycol 400 dioleate and methyl glucose dioleate till clear. With high speed stirring, add the Valfor G-110 and mix till uniform. Submit for aerosol filling. Add the propellant by pressure filling.

The resultant foam is white and non-greasy. When applied to the skin, the Valfor G-110 reacts exothermically with the moisture in the skin, giving an immediate sensation of heat, which ieads to better penetration of the analgesic actives and a more pronounced feeling of relief. The addition of the polyethylene glycol 400 dioleate allows the moisture of the skin to more easily mix with the foam.

EXAMPLE 11 Sunscreen Foam Octyl Diethyl PABA 7.00%

Benzyl benzoate 10.00

Methyl glucose sesquistearate 3.00

Soybean Oil w/antioxidant BHA 76.70

Fragrance 0.30 Propane 3.00

100.00% All percentages are by weight.

Procedure: Heat the octyl dimethyl PABA, benzyl benzoate, methyl glucose sesquistearate and soybean oil to 60°C. Cool with stirring and submit for aerosol filling. Add propellant by pressure filling. The foam is white and easily spread on the skin. Since the fo is anhydrous and hydrophobic, it is very resistant to washing off duri swimming.

Claims

We Claim:

1. An anhydrous topically applicable aerosol foam composition comprising a) a foamable topically absorbable anhydrous liquid, b) a foaming agent selected from the group consisting of methyl glucose C₁₆-C₁₈ aliphatic add esters and c) a propellant, said propellant being capable of existing in gaseous form at ambient pressure and temperature and being present in an amount sufficient to produce a stable measurable foam but insufficient to produce a spray when said composition is ejected through an aerosol valve.

2. A composition of Claim 1 comprising: about 35 to about 95% by weight of the total composition of said foamable anhydrous liquid, about 0.2 to about 10% by weight of the total composition of said foaming agent . and about 2 to about 15% by weight of the total composition of said propellant.

3. A composition of Claim 2 comprising: about 3 to about 10% by weight of the total composition of said propellant.

4. A composition of Claim 1 additionally comprising between about 0.1 to about 50% by weight of the total composition of an additional topically active composition of at least one component.

5. A composition of Claim 4 wherein the active composition comprises a solid suspendable in or a material soiubie in the total composition.

6. A composition of Claim 5 comprising at least one member of the group consisting of topical anesthetics, analgesics, anti- microbials, antibiotics, enzymes, heat generating agents, skin and ha conditioners, colorants and fragrances.

7. A composition of Claim 1 wherein the foaming agent i selected from the group consisting of methyl glucose sesquistearate an methyl glucose dioleate.

8. A composition of Claim 1 wherein the propellant is selecte from the group consisting of aliphatic hydrocarbon propellant fluorocarbons, dimethyl ether propellants, carbon dioxide, nitrogen an nitrous oxide.

9. A composition of Claim 1 wherein the propellant is selecte from the group consisting of aliphatic hydrocarbon propellants.

10. A composition of Claim 1 wherein the propellant is propane.

11. A composition of Claim 1 wherein the foamable liqui comprises at least one member selected from the group consisting giycerol fatty acid esters, di-and tri-ethyl esters of organi hydrocarbon acids, monoesters of aromatic monocarboxylic acids, an water soluble glycols.

12. A composition of Claim 1 wherein the foamable liqui comprises at least one component which is a topically active substance.