US9579215B2 - Distractible intervertebral implant - Google Patents

Abstract

A distractible intervertebral implant configured to be inserted in an insertion direction into an intervertebral space that is defined between a first vertebral body and a second vertebral body is disclosed. The implant may include a first body and a second body. The first body may define an outer surface that is configured to engage the first vertebral body, and an opposing inner surface that defines a rail. The second body may define an outer surface that is configured to engage the second vertebral body, and an inner surface that defines a recess configured to receive the rail of the first body. The second body moves in a vertical direction toward the second vertebral body as the second body is slid over the first body and the rail is received in the recess.

Description

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/143,529, filed Dec. 30, 2013, which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/170,557, filed Jun. 28, 2011, which claims the benefit of U.S. Provision Application Ser. No. 61/359,554, filed Jun. 29, 2010, the contents of all of which are hereby incorporated by reference as if set forth in their entirety herein.

BACKGROUND

Historically, after complete removal of a disc from between adjacent vertebrae, the adjacent vertebrae were fused together. This “spinal fusion” procedure, which is still in use today, is a widely accepted surgical treatment for symptomatic lumbar and cervical degenerative disc disease. More recently, disc arthoplasty may be utilized to insert an artificial intervertebral disc implant into the intervertebral space between adjacent vertebrae. Such a disc implant allows limited universal movement of the adjacent vertebrae with respect to each other. The aim of total disc replacement is to remove pain generation (caused by a degenerated disc), restore anatomy (disc height), and maintain mobility in the functional spinal unit so that the spine remains in an adapted sagittal balance. Sagittal balance is defined as the equilibrium of the trunk with the legs and pelvis to maintain harmonious sagittal curves and thus the damping effect of the spine. In contrast with fusion techniques, total disc replacement preserves mobility in the motion segment and attempts to mimic physiologic conditions.

SUMMARY

A distractible intervertebral implant configured to be inserted in an insertion direction into an intervertebral space that is defined between a first vertebral body and a second vertebral body is disclosed. The implant may include a first implant body and a second implant body. The first implant body may define an outer surface that is configured to face the first vertebral body, and an opposing inner surface that defines a rail. The second implant body may define an outer surface that is configured to face the second vertebral body, and an inner surface that defines a recess configured to receive the rail of the first implant body. The second implant body is configured to move along the vertical direction as the second implant body is translated over the first implant body and the rail is received by the recess, so as to distract the first and second vertebral bodies.

In another embodiment, the implant may include a first implant body and a second implant body. The first implant body may include a pair of first side regions, and may define an outer surface that is configured to face the first vertebral body. The second implant body may also include a pair of second side regions. Each second side region may have an anterior end that angles toward the first implant body as the anterior end extends in a direction opposite the insertion direction. The second implant body may define an outer surface that is configured to face the second vertebral body. The anterior ends of the second implant body are configured to contact the first side regions of the first implant body as the second implant body is translated over the first implant body to thereby cause the outer surface of the second implant body to move away from the outer surface of the first implant body.

In another embodiment, a method for inserting an intervertebral implant into an intervertebral disc space defined between first and second vertebral bodies is disclosed. The method may include the step of inserting a first implant body into the intervertebral space such that as the first implant body is being inserted at least one of the first and second vertebral bodies moves away from the other vertebral body. The first implant body may include an outer surface that faces the first vertebral body, and an inner surface. The method may further include inserting a second implant body into the intervertebral space by sliding the second implant body over the inner surface of the first implant body. The second implant body may cause at least one of the first and second vertebral bodies to move away from the other as the second implant body is being inserted. The second implant body may include an outer surface that faces the second vertebral body.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The foregoing summary, as well as the following detailed description of a preferred embodiment of the application, will be better understood when read in conjunction with the appended drawings. For the purposes of illustrating the distractable fusion implant and related instruments of the present application, there is shown in the drawings a preferred embodiment. It should be understood, however, that the application is not limited to the precise arrangements and instrumentalities shown. In the drawings:

FIG. 1A is a front perspective view of an intervertebral space defined between a superior vertebral body and an inferior vertebral body;

FIG. 1B is a front perspective view of a distractible intervertebral implant inserted into the intervertebral space, the implant including an inferior implant body and a superior implant body;

FIG. 2A is a front perspective view of the inferior implant body of the distractible fusion implant shown inFIG. 1B;

FIG. 2B is a front elevation view of the inferior implant body shown inFIG. 2A;

FIG. 2C is a side elevation view of the inferior implant body shown inFIG. 2A;

FIG. 2D is a front perspective view of the inferior implant body shown inFIG. 2A with a first fixation member being inserted into a bore of the inferior implant body;

FIG. 3A is a bottom perspective view of the superior implant body of the distractible fusion implant shown inFIG. 1B;

FIG. 3B is a front elevation view of the superior implant body shown inFIG. 3A;

FIG. 3C is a side elevation view of the superior implant body shown inFIG. 3A;

FIG. 3D is a front perspective view of the superior implant body shown inFIG. 3A with a pair of locking screws being inserted into a pair of bores of the superior implant body;

FIG. 4A is a back perspective view of the superior implant body being slid onto the inferior implant body;

FIG. 4B is a front perspective view of the superior implant body fully slid onto the inferior implant body to define the distractible fusion implant;

FIG. 4C is a front perspective view of the implant shown inFIG. 4B with three locking screws received within the bores of the superior and inferior implant bodies;

FIG. 4D is a top plan view of the implant shown inFIG. 4C;

FIG. 4E is a cross-sectional view of the implant shown inFIG. 4D through theline4E-4E;

FIG. 5A is a side elevation view of the inferior implant body being slid into the intervertebral space defined between the superior and inferior vertebral bodies to thereby partially distract the vertebral bodies away from each other;

FIG. 5B is a side elevation view of the inferior implant body affixed to the inferior vertebral body with a first fixation member and a ramp portion of the superior implant body contacting an edge of the inferior implant body as it is being slid onto the intervertebral space;

FIG. 5C is a side elevation view of the superior implant body further slid over the inferior implant body within the intervertebral space; and

FIG. 5D is a side elevational view of the superior implant body affixed to the superior vertebral body with second and third locking screws.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Referring toFIG. 1A, anintervertebral space11 is defined between a superiorvertebral body12aand an inferiorvertebral body12b. The superiorvertebral body12agenerally defines aninferior endplate13aor superior surface of theintervertebral space11, and the adjacent inferiorvertebral body12bdefines asuperior endplate13bor inferior surface of theintervertebral space11. Thus, theintervertebral space11 is disposed between thevertebral bodies12aand12b. Thevertebral bodies12aand12bcan be anatomically adjacent vertebral bodies, or can remain after a discectomy has been performed that removed a vertebral body from a location between the vertebral bodies. As illustrated, theintervertebral space11 is illustrated after a discectomy, whereby the disc material has been removed or at least partially removed to prepare theintervertebral space11 to receive a disc implant that can achieve height restoration. Theintervertebral space11 can be disposed anywhere along the spine as desired. Moreover, the superiorvertebral body12amay be considered a first or a second vertebral body and the inferiorvertebral body12bmay be considered a first or a second vertebral body.

Certain terminology is used in the following description for convenience only and is not limiting. The words “right”, “left”, “lower” and “upper” designate directions in the drawings to which reference is made. The words “inner” or “distal” and “outer” or “proximal” refer to directions toward and away from, respectively, the geometric center of the implant and related parts thereof. The words, “anterior”, “posterior”, “superior,” “inferior,” “medial,” “lateral,” and related words and/or phrases are used to designate various positions and orientations in the human body to which reference is made and are not meant to be limiting. The terminology includes the above-listed words, derivatives thereof and words of similar import.

Referring also toFIG. 1B, an intervertebral implant, such as a distractableintervertebral implant10, can be inserted into theintervertebral space11 along a longitudinal insertion direction I, which can be a posterior direction in accordance with the illustrated embodiment or any other direction as desired. The distractableintervertebral implant10 is described herein as extending horizontally along a longitudinal direction “L” and lateral direction “A”, and vertically along a transverse direction “T”. Unless otherwise specified herein, the terms “lateral,” “longitudinal,” and “transverse” are used to describe the orthogonal directional components of various components. It should be appreciated that while the longitudinal and lateral directions are illustrated as extending along a horizontal plane, and that the transverse direction is illustrated as extending along a vertical plane, the planes that encompass the various directions may differ during use. For instance, when the distractableintervertebral implant10 is implanted into theintervertebral space11 the transverse direction T extends generally along the superior-inferior (or caudal-cranial) direction, while the plane defined by the longitudinal direction L and lateral direction A lie generally in the anatomical plane defined by the anterior-posterior direction, and the medial-lateral direction. Accordingly, the directional terms “vertical” and “horizontal” are used to describe the distractableintervertebral implant10 and its components as illustrated merely for the purposes of clarity and illustration.

Referring toFIG. 1B, the distractableintervertebral implant10 includes a first orinferior implant body18 and a second orsuperior implant body14 that is coupled to theinferior implant body18. The distractableintervertebral implant10 can further include at least onefirst fixation member22, illustrated as a first screw that couples theinferior implant body18 to the inferiorvertebral body12b, and at least one second fixation member, such as second andthird fixation members26 and30 illustrated as screws, that couple thesuperior implant body14 to the superiorvertebral body12a. It should be understood that thefixation members22,26, and30 may be also be configured as nails, blades, or graft. The distractableintervertebral implant10 defines ananterior end42 and an opposedposterior end46. Theanterior end42 defines a trailing end of the distractableintervertebral implant10 along the direction of insertion I, and theposterior end46 defines a leading end of the distractableintervertebral implant10 along the direction of insertion I.

The distractableintervertebral implant10 may be partially or entirely formed from a metal, polymer, ceramic, allograft, or other artificial biomaterials such as beta-tricalcium phosphate. Suitable biocompatible materials or combinations of materials, may include PEEK, porous PEEK, carbon fiber-reinforced PEEK, titanium and titanium alloys, stainless steel, ceramic, polylactic acid, tantalum, magnesium, allograft, or other artificial biomaterials. The distractableintervertebral implant10 presents anouter surface19 that can be coated with any suitable material, such as hydroxyl apatite, beta-tricalcium phosphate, anodic plasma chemical treated titanium, or other similar coatings that improve osseointegration of the distractableintervertebral implant10. As shown, the assembledimplant10 may be generally rectangular in shape, though it should be understood that all geometries are imaginable.

Referring toFIGS. 2A-2D theinferior implant body18 includes abody portion34 that defines a lower or inferior, or outer,engagement surface38 configured to contact or otherwise face thesuperior endplate13bof the inferiorvertebral body12b, an opposinginner surface40, ananterior end42, and an opposingposterior end46. Thebody portion34 further includes a plurality of engagement features50, illustrated as teeth, that extend transversely out fromengagement surface38 and can be angled toward theanterior end42 of thebody portion34. The engagement features50 allow theinferior implant body18 to easily translate along a posterior direction over the superior endplate of the inferior vertebral body during insertion of theinferior implant body18 while at the same time provides immediate primary stability allowing theinferior implant body18 to resist anterior migration. In other words, the engagement features50 allow theinferior implant body18 to easily slide in one direction, but if it were to slide in a second opposite direction, theteeth50 would catch on thesuperior endplate13bof the inferiorvertebral body12bto thereby prevent migration of theinferior implant body18. It should be understood that the engagement features50 can be shaped in any manner as desired, such as teeth, spikes, pyramids, cones, undefined geometries, rough surface topography, or independent bodies such a metal spikes that are embedded into thebody portion34 may be used.

As shown inFIGS. 2A-2D, thebody portion34, such as theinner surface40, includes amiddle region54 and afirst side region58 extending from opposite sides of themiddle region54. Themiddle region54 protrudes higher in the transverse vertical direction (or outwardly toward the superior implant body14) with respect to thefirst side regions58, and thus provides a longitudinally elongate rail that thesuperior implant body14 can translate longitudinally along. In this way, theinner surface40 of thebody portion34 defines the rail. In accordance with the illustrated embodiment, theanterior end62 of themiddle region54 is angled upwards toward thesuperior implant body14 as it extends toward theposterior end46 of thebody portion34, and theposterior end66 of themiddle region54 is angled upwards toward thesuperior implant body14 as it extends toward theanterior end42 of thebody portion34. As shown inFIG. 2A, thebody portion34 defines abore72 that extends through theanterior end62. As shown inFIG. 2D, thebore72 is configured to receive thefirst fixation member22. Thefirst fixation member22 can include ashaft23 and ahead25 that is dimensioned larger than theshaft23. Thebore72 can likewise include a shaft-receiving region sized to receive theshaft23, and a head receiving region sized to receive thehead25 when thefixation member22 is fully received by thebore72. Thebore72 can further be tapered and elongate along an angle toward theposterior end46 of thebody portion34, such that thefixation member22 is also elongate along the angle toward theposterior end46 of thebody portion34 when received in thebore72. Thebore72 can include a locking mechanism that engage a locking mechanism of thefirst fixation member22, for instance a thread, a locking pin, a ratchet, a rough surface, etc. along one or both of theshaft23 and thehead25. It should be understood that at least one or both of theshaft23 and thehead25 can be substantially smooth and devoid of the locking mechanism. Likewise, at least one or both of the shaft-receiving region and the head-receiving region can be substantially smooth and devoid of the locking mechanism.

Themiddle region54 further defines atop surface76 and opposed side surfaces78 that extend down from thetop surface76. The side surfaces78 extend toward each other as they extend down from thetop surface76. That is, as the side surfaces78 extend down from thetop surface76, the direction in which the side surfaces78 extend includes a lateral component that extends toward theother side surface78. Therefore, the side surfaces78 and thetop surface76 define a dovetail shaped locking member. It should be understood, however, that the middle region may include configurations other than a dovetail shaped locking member. For example, the middle region may define an L-shaped locking member, a greater angulation longitudinal ratchet, etc.

As shown inFIG. 2A, thefirst side regions58 includeconical recesses80 at their anterior ends. As shown, theconical recesses80 are angled up as they extend toward theposterior end46 of thebody portion34. As will be described later, theconical recesses80 allow the second andthird fixation members26 and30 to be inserted into thesuperior implant body14 of the distractableintervertebral implant10 at a specified angle.

Theinferior implant body18 can further include at least onegraft window90 such as a plurality ofgraft windows90 that extend through at least one or more of themiddle region54 and thefirst side regions58. Generally, eachgraft window90 is elongate in the longitudinal direction, though it should be understood that any shape may be desired. Thegraft windows90 are configured to receive autogenous bone graft or bone graft substitute such as Chronos, or DBM. For instance, thegraft windows90 may be pre-filled with the bone graft.

Referring toFIGS. 3A-3D, and 4A-4E thesuperior implant body14 may be translated, for instance longitudinally, along theinferior implant body18. As shown, thesuperior implant body14 includes abody portion134 that defines an upper or superior, or outer,engagement surface138 configured to contact or otherwise face theinferior endplate13aof the superiorvertebral body12a, an opposinginterior surface140, ananterior end142, and an opposingposterior end146. Thebody portion134 further includes a plurality of engagement features150 that extend transversely out from theengagement surface138 and can be angled toward theanterior end42 of thebody portion134. The engagement features150 allow thesuperior implant body14 to easily translate along a posterior direction under the inferior endplate of the superior vertebral body during insertion of thesuperior implant body14 while at the same time provides immediate primary stability allowing thesuperior implant body14 to resist anterior migration. In other words, the engagement features150 allow thesuperior implant body14 to easily slide in one direction, but if it were to slide in a second opposite direction, the engagement features150 would catch on theinferior endplate13aof the superiorvertebral body12ato thereby prevent migration of thesuperior implant body14. It should be understood that the engagement features150 can be shaped in any manner as desired, such as teeth, spikes, pyramids, cones, undefined geometries, rough surface topography, or independent bodies such a metal spikes that are embedded into thebody portion134 may be used.

As shown inFIGS. 3A-3D, thebody portion134, such as theinner surface140, includessecond side regions154 that define a longitudinally elongatemiddle recess158 configured to receive the longitudinally elongate rail of thebody portion34. Themiddle recess158 extends into thebody portion134 from an inferior side of thesuperior implant body14, and generally acts as a groove or channel that receives themiddle region54 of theinferior implant body18. As shown, themiddle recess158 receives themiddle region54 of theinferior implant body18 as thesuperior implant body14 translates along theinferior implant body18. Ananterior end162 of themiddle recess158 defines aconical recess166 that is angled downwards. That is, theanterior end162 of themiddle recess158 extends down as it extends toward theposterior end146 of thebody portion134. Additionally, theanterior end162 of themiddle recess158 defines aconical recess166 that angles downward as it extends toward theposterior end146 of thebody portion134. As will be described, theconical recess166 enables thefirst fixation member22 to be removed from theinferior implant body18 of the distractableintervertebral implant10 if so desired.

Themiddle recess158 further defines atop surface168 and opposing side surfaces170 extending down from thetop surface168. The side surfaces170 extend toward each other as they extend down from thetop surface168. That is, as the side surfaces170 extend down from thetop surface168, the direction in which the side surfaces170 extend includes a lateral component that extends toward theother side surface170. Therefore, the side surfaces170 and thetop surface168 define a dovetail shaped channel that receives the dovetail shapedmiddle region54 of theinferior implant body18. It should be understood, however, that the middle recess may include configurations other than a dovetail shaped channel. For example, the middle recess may define an L-shaped channel, a greater angulation longitudinal ratchet, etc.

Thesecond side regions154 each include ananterior end172 and aposterior end176 that are angled downwards. That is, theanterior end172 of thesecond side regions154 includes a surface that extend down or otherwise toward theinferior implant body18 as they extend toward theposterior end146 of thebody portion134, and theposterior end176 of thesecond side regions154 extend down or otherwise toward theinferior implant body18 as they extend toward theanterior end142 of thebody portion134. As shown inFIG. 3A, thebody portion134 defines abore180 that extends through eachanterior end172. As shown inFIG. 3D, each bore180 is configured to receive one of the second andthird fixation members26 and30. Like thefirst fixation member22, the second and third fixation members can include ashaft23 and ahead25 that is dimensioned larger than theshaft23. Thebores180 can likewise include a shaft-receiving region sized to receive theshaft23, and a head receiving region sized to receive thehead25 when thefixation members26 and30 are fully received by thebores180. Thebores180 can further be tapered and elongate along an angle toward theposterior end146 of thebody portion134, such that thefixation members26 and30 are also elongate along the angle toward theposterior end146 of thebody portion134 when received in thebores180. Thebores180 can include locking mechanisms that engage locking mechanisms of the second andthird fixation members26 and30, for instance threads, locking pins, ratchets, rough surfaces, etc. along one or both of theshafts23 and theheads25. It should be understood that at least one or both of theshafts23 and theheads25 can be substantially smooth and devoid of the locking mechanisms. Likewise, at least one or both of the shaft-receiving regions and the head-receiving regions can be substantially smooth and devoid of the locking mechanisms.

As shown inFIGS. 3A and 3D, thesuperior implant body14 can further include at least onegraft window190 such as a plurality ofgraft windows190 that extend through at least one or more of thesecond side regions154 as well as through the portion of thebody portion134 in which therecess158 is defined. Generally, eachgraft window190 is elongate in the longitudinal direction, though it should be understood that any shape may be desired. Thegraft windows190 are configured to receive autogenous bone graft or bone graft substitute such as Chronos, or DBM. For instance, thegraft windows190 may be pre-filled with the bone graft.

As shown inFIG. 3D, the second andthird fixation members26 and30 may be inserted into thebores180 of thesuperior implant body14 once thesuperior implant body14 is fully slid onto theinferior implant body18. The second andthird fixation members26 and30 extend at an angle toward the posterior end of the distractableintervertebral implant10. The second andthird fixation members26 and30 engage the inferior endplate of the superior vertebral body to thereby securely attach the distractableintervertebral implant10 to the superior vertebral body.

As shown inFIGS. 4A-4E, when thesuperior implant body14 is fully slid onto theinferior implant body18, thegraft windows190 of thesuperior implant body14 align with thegraft windows90 of theinferior implant body18. Therefore, thegraft windows90 and190 define transverse channels that extend through the assembledimplant10. Thegraft windows190 may be pre-filled with the bone graft.

As shown inFIGS. 4A-4D, thesuperior implant body14 lockingly engages theinferior implant body18 with respect to at least one or both of relative rotation and relative translation along a direction angularly offset with respect to the longitudinal insertion direction I when therecess158 of thesuperior implant body14 has received the rail of theinferior implant body18. In that regard, the dovetail shapedrecess158 of thesuperior implant body14 engages the dovetail shapedmiddle region54 of theinferior implant body18 when theinferior implant body18 is received by thesuperior implant body14 to create a form fit between the superior andinferior implant bodies14 and18. This form fit eliminates rotational degrees of freedom between the superior andinferior implant bodies14 and18. Other interlocking features between thesuperior implant body14 and theinferior implant body18 are envisioned to prevent translation in the longitudinal direction, such as a snap-action mechanism (e.g. PE-inlay or Prodisc-L). A third body (e.g. splint, pin, screw, bolt, glue) that is inserted after intraoperative assembly of the superior andinferior implant bodies14 and18 may also be used.

As shown inFIGS. 4C-4E, thebores72 and180 are conical in shape. The conical shaped bores72,180 are configured to prevent thefixation members22,26, and30 from being over inserted into the bores, and allow for angle stable fixation. The angle stable fixation prevents the fixation members not only from being over inserted but also from backing out. Thus, as each bore72 and180 receives itsrespective fixation members22,26, and30 the heads of thefixation members22,26, and30 will eventually abut the walls of thebores72 and180 to thereby prevent further insertion of thefixation members22,26, and30. Such a configuration allows for a more stable fixation of thefixation members22,26, and30. Furthermore, the angle stable connection between the fixation member's head and its counter part allow it to bear a bending moment.

As shown inFIG. 4E, the distractableintervertebral implant10 may include marker pins200, which may be used in case of a radiolucent base material that would not be visible in fluoroscopy/x-ray equipment. As shown, marker pins200 may be buried within thebody portion34 of theinferior implant body18. The marker pins200 may be radioopaque to allow easy identification of the distractableintervertebral implant10 in fluroscopique images. It should be understood that theimplant10 may include any number ofpins200, and that thepins200 may also be buried within thesuperior implant body14. Furthermore, instead of radiopaque marker pins200, it may be possible to use polymers, ceramics, or biomaterials that include barium sulfate, or a similar substance. Barium sulfate (that is either homogeneously or inhomegeneously distributed in the base material) allows to make a radiopaque base material visible under fluoroscopy/x-ray equipment.

As shown inFIGS. 5A-5D, both theinferior implant body18 and thesuperior implant body14 may act as distractors as they are individually slid into theintervertebral space11. As shown, inFIG. 5A, as theinferior implant body18 is positioned within theintervertebral space11 at least one of the superiorvertebral body12aand the inferiorvertebral body12bmoves away from the other such that the superior and inferior vertebral bodies are separated by a first distance F₁. The first distance F₁may be substantially equal to the transverse height of theinferior implant body18. Once theinferior implant body18 is properly positioned and attached to the inferiorvertebral body12b, thesuperior implant body14 may be slid or otherwise translated over theinferior implant body18 and into theintervertebral space11. As shown inFIG. 5B, the angled posterior ends176 of the superior implant body'ssecond side regions154 contact respectivesecond side regions58 of theinferior implant body18. Because of the angled posterior ends176 of thesuperior implant body14, thesuperior implant body14 will move toward the superiorvertebral body12aas thesuperior implant body14 is slid over theinferior implant body18, as shown inFIGS. 5B-5D to thereby cause at least one of the superiorvertebral body12aand the inferiorvertebral body12bto move away from the other such that the vertebral bodies are separated by a second distance F₂that is greater than the first distance F₁. In this way, continuous distraction is achieved until thesuperior implant body14 is fully assembled with theinferior implant body18. As shown inFIG. 5D, thesuperior implant body14 may move a distance H in an upward direction once it has been fully slid onto theinferior implant body18. The distance H as well as the degree of distraction may depend on the angle at which the posterior ends176 extend toward the anterior end of thesuperior implant body14.

In operation, theinferior implant body18 is first inserted into the intervertebral space. Once properly placed, thefirst fixation member22 may be inserted into thebore72 of theinferior implant body18 and driven into the inferior vertebral body. Next thesuperior implant body14 is pushed into the intervertebral space or otherwise slid over theinferior implant body18. During insertion of thesuperior implant body14, thesuperior implant body14 slides over theinferior implant body18. As described in relation toFIGS. 5A-5D, as thesuperior implant body14 is sliding onto theinferior implant body18, thesuperior implant body14 moves up toward the superior vertebral body. Therefore, a continuous distraction of the inferior and superior vertebral bodies is achieved until the distractableintervertebral implant10 is fully assembled. Thesuperior implant body14 interlocks with theinferior implant body18 and builds a solid construct. The assembledimplant10 withstands translation and rotation in all six degrees of freedom.

Once the assembledimplant10 is properly positioned, the second andthird fixation members26 and30 may be inserted into thebores180 of thesuperior implant body14. The second andthird fixation members26 and30 engage the inferior endplate of the superior vertebral body to thereby securely attach thesuperior implant body14 and therefore the distractableintervertebral implant10 to the superior vertebral body.

Because the distractableintervertebral implant10 may be placed into theintervertebral space11 by first inserting theinferior implant body18 and then thesuperior implant body14, the distractableintervertebral implant10 may be inserted into theintervertebral space11 either from the anterior end of the patient or from the posterior end of the patient. In other words, by positioning the distractableintervertebral implant10 in pieces rather than as a fully assembled construct the surgeon will be capable of accessing theintervertebral space11 from the posterior end of the patient which is usually difficult, due to the limited amount of space. It should be understood that any surgical approach (i.e. anterior, antero-lateral, lateral, extraforaminal, transforaminal, and posterior) may be considered.

It should be appreciated that the distractableintervertebral implant10 described herein can be configured so as to provide a range of numerous possible geometries and angular relationships. For example, while thesuperior implant body14 is described as having angled posterior ends that cause thesuperior implant body14 to move upwards and thereby act as a distractor, it is possible to include an angled anterior end on theinferior implant body18 to cause thesuperior implant body14 to distract as it is inserted. Furthermore, it is envisioned that thesuperior implant body14 could be inserted into the intervertebral space prior to the insertion of theinferior implant body18.

It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes could be made to the embodiments described above without departing from the broad inventive concept thereof. Furthermore, it should be appreciated that the structure, features, and methods as described above with respect to any of the embodiments described herein can be incorporated into any of the other embodiments described herein unless otherwise indicated. It is understood, therefore, that this invention is not limited to the particular embodiments disclosed, but it is intended to cover modifications within the spirit and scope of the present disclosure.

Claims (22)

What is claimed:

1. A distractible intervertebral implant configured to be inserted along an insertion direction into an intervertebral space defined between a first vertebral body and a second vertebral body that is spaced from the first vertebral body along a second direction perpendicular to the insertion direction, the distractible intervertebral implant comprising:

a first implant body that defines a first inner surface, a first outer surface opposite the first inner surface, a first ramped surface, and a second ramped surface spaced from the first ramped surface along the insertion direction, the first outer surface configured to face the first vertebral body when the distractible intervertebral implant is disposed in the intervertebral space, and the first and second ramped surfaces being angled with respect to the insertion direction, wherein the first implant body further defines a first bore that extends through the first implant body and that is configured to receive a first fixation member so as to affix the first implant body to the first vertebral body; and

a second implant body that defines a second inner surface, a second outer surface opposite the second inner surface, a third ramped surface, and a fourth ramped surface spaced from the third ramped surface along the insertion direction, the second inner surface and the second outer surface configured to face the first inner surface and the second vertebral body, respectively, when the distractible intervertebral implant is disposed in the intervertebral space, and the third and fourth ramped surfaces being angled with respect to the insertion direction, wherein the second implant body further defines a second bore that extends through the second implant body and that is configured to receive a second fixation member so as to affix the second implant body to the second vertebral body, and wherein the first implant body defines a first recess configured so as to allow the second fixation member to pass through the first recess as the second fixation member is inserted into the second bore.

2. The distractible intervertebral implant ofclaim 1, wherein at least one of the second and fourth ramped surfaces is configured to translate along a surface of the distractible intervertebral implant so as to cause the first and second outer surfaces to move away from one another along the second direction.

3. The distractible intervertebral implant ofclaim 1, wherein the second implant body defines a third bore that extends through the second implant body and that is configured to receive a third fixation member to affix the second implant body to the second vertebral body.

4. The distractible intervertebral implant ofclaim 3, wherein the second and third bores are spaced from one another along a third direction, perpendicular to both the insertion direction and the second direction, and the first bore is spaced between the second and third bores with respect to the third direction.

5. The distractible intervertebral implant ofclaim 1, wherein the first bore extends through both the first inner surface and the first outer surface such that, when a first fixation member extends through the first bore, the first fixation member extends into an endplate of the first vertebral body.

6. The distractible intervertebral implant ofclaim 5, wherein the second bore extends through both the second inner surface and the second outer surface such that, when a second fixation member extends through the second bore, the second fixation member extends into an endplate of the second vertebral body.

7. The distractible intervertebral implant ofclaim 1, wherein at least one of the first and second bores defines a central axis that is angled with respect to the insertion direction.

8. The distractible intervertebral implant ofclaim 1, wherein the second ramped surface is angled away from the first outer surface as the second ramped surface extends in a direction opposite the insertion direction.

9. The distractible intervertebral implant ofclaim 1, wherein:

the first implant body defines a first anterior end, a first posterior end spaced from the first anterior end along the insertion direction, and a first opening in the first anterior end that is open to the first bore;

the second implant body defines a second anterior end, a second posterior end spaced from the second anterior end along the insertion direction, and a second opening in the second anterior end that is open to the second bore; and

the second opening is in-line with the first opening along a third direction, perpendicular to both the insertion direction and the second direction.

10. A distractible intervertebral implant system comprising:

first, second, and third fixation members; and

a distractible intervertebral implant configured to be inserted along an insertion direction into an intervertebral space defined between a first vertebral body and a second vertebral body, spaced from the first intervertebral body along a second direction, perpendicular to the insertion direction, the distractible intervertebral implant comprising:

a first implant body that defines a first inner surface, a first outer surface opposite the first inner surface, a first ramped surface, and a second ramped surface spaced from the first ramped surface along the insertion direction, the first outer surface configured to face the first vertebral body when the distractible intervertebral implant is disposed in the intervertebral space, and the first and second ramped surfaces being angled with respect to the insertion direction, wherein the first implant body further defines a first bore that extends through the first implant body and that is configured to receive a first fixation member so as to affix the first implant body to the first vertebral body; and

a second implant body that defines a second inner surface, a second outer surface opposite the second inner surface, a third ramped surface, and a fourth ramped surface spaced from the third ramped surface along the insertion direction, the second inner surface and the second outer surface configured to face the first inner surface and the second vertebral body, respectively, when the distractible intervertebral implant is disposed in the intervertebral space, and the third and fourth ramped surfaces being angled with respect to the insertion direction, wherein the second implant body defines second and third bores that extend through the second implant body and that are configured to receive second and third fixation members, respectively, so as to affix the second implant body to the second vertebral body, and wherein the second and third bores are spaced from one another along a third direction, perpendicular to both the insertion direction and the second direction, and the first bore is spaced between the second and third bores with respect to the third direction.

11. The distractible intervertebral implant system ofclaim 10, wherein at least one of the second and fourth ramped surfaces is configured to translate along a surface of the distractible intervertebral implant so as to cause the first and second outer surfaces to move away from one another along the second direction.

12. The distractible intervertebral implant system ofclaim 10, wherein the first bore extends through both the first inner surface and the first outer surface such that, when a first fixation member extends through the first bore, the first fixation member extends into an endplate of the first vertebral body.

13. The distractible intervertebral implant system ofclaim 10, wherein at least one of the first and second bores defines a central axis that is angled with respect to the insertion direction.

14. The distractible intervertebral implant system ofclaim 10, wherein the second ramped surface is angled away from the first outer surface as the second ramped surface extends in a direction opposite the insertion direction.

15. The distractible intervertebral implant system ofclaim 10, wherein the first implant body defines a first recess configured so as to allow the second fixation member to pass through the first recess as the second fixation member is inserted into the second bore.

16. A distractible intervertebral implant configured to be inserted along an insertion direction into an intervertebral space defined between a first vertebral body and a second vertebral body that is spaced from the first vertebral body along a second direction perpendicular to the insertion direction, the distractible intervertebral implant comprising:

a first implant body that defines a first inner surface, a first outer surface opposite the first inner surface, a first ramped surface, and a second ramped surface spaced from the first ramped surface along the insertion direction, the first outer surface configured to face the first vertebral body when the distractible intervertebral implant is disposed in the intervertebral space, and the first and second ramped surfaces being angled with respect to the insertion direction, wherein the first implant body further defines a first bore that extends through the first implant body and that is configured to receive a first fixation member so as to affix the first implant body to the first vertebral body; and

a second implant body that defines a second inner surface, a second outer surface opposite the second inner surface, a third ramped surface, and a fourth ramped surface spaced from the third ramped surface along the insertion direction, the second inner surface and the second outer surface configured to face the first inner surface and the second vertebral body, respectively, when the distractible intervertebral implant is disposed in the intervertebral space, and the third and fourth ramped surfaces being angled with respect to the insertion direction, wherein the second implant body further defines second and third bores that extend through the second implant body and that are configured to receive second and third fixation members, respectively, so as to affix the second implant body to the second vertebral body, wherein the second and third bores are spaced from one another along a third direction, perpendicular to both the insertion direction and the second direction, and the first bore is spaced between the second and third bores with respect to the third direction.

17. The distractible intervertebral implant ofclaim 16, wherein at least one of the second and fourth ramped surfaces is configured to translate along a surface of the distractible intervertebral implant so as to cause the first and second outer surfaces to move away from one another along the second direction.

18. The distractible intervertebral implant ofclaim 16, wherein the first bore extends through both the first inner surface and the first outer surface such that, when a first fixation member extends through the first bore, the first fixation member extends into an endplate of the first vertebral body.

19. The distractible intervertebral implant ofclaim 18, wherein the second bore extends through both the second inner surface and the second outer surface such that, when a second fixation member extends through the second bore, the second fixation member extends into an endplate of the second vertebral body.

20. The distractible intervertebral implant ofclaim 16, wherein at least one of the first and second bores defines a central axis that is angled with respect to the insertion direction.

21. The distractible intervertebral implant ofclaim 16, wherein the second ramped surface is angled away from the first outer surface as the second ramped surface extends in a direction opposite the insertion direction.

22. The distractible intervertebral implant ofclaim 16, wherein:

the first implant body defines a first anterior end, a first posterior end spaced from the first anterior end along the insertion direction, and a first opening in the first anterior end that is open to the first bore;

the second implant body defines a second anterior end, a second posterior end spaced from the second anterior end along the insertion direction, and a second opening in the second anterior end that is open to the second bore; and

the second opening is in-line with the first opening along a third direction, perpendicular to both the insertion direction and the second direction.

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