US8213204B2 - Modular power adapter - Google Patents

Abstract

A modular power adapter and method for using the same which increases the ease of a user's travel with portable electronic devices. The modular power adapter includes an output module which may be interchangeably and detachably coupled to DC input module or an AC input module. The output module and the input module are provided in separate housing structures thereby effectively spreading the heat dissipated from the modular power adapter.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention

Embodiments of the present invention relate to a power adapter device and method for using the same. More specifically, the invention relates to a light weight, modular power adapter having a common module which connects to an electronic device and alternative modules which connect to the common module, depending on whether the source of power is AC or DC.

2. Description of Related Art

The popularity of portable electronic devices has grown exponentially. These portable electronic devices include laptop computers, handheld devices such as personal digital assistants (PDA), cellular telephones, digital cameras, audio recorders, Compact Disc (CD) players, MP3 players and portable digital video disc (DVD) players. Consumers often use such portable electronic devices at home, as well as in their cars, on airplanes, and at various travel destinations. While consumers are increasingly using such devices while in transit from one location to another, power constraints remain a limiting factor. Although, many of these devices are configured to operate using a battery source, often the battery life is insufficient and makes use of the device while in transit impractical.

On the other hand, conventional power adapters which support such use are bulky, heavy and cumbersome. In addition, conventional power adapters also frequently operate at high temperatures which results in a reduced life cycle for the adapters and increased expense associated with replacement costs.

Conventional power adapters are typically powered by AC only or on DC only. Accordingly, there is a need for a modular power adapter which works in both an AC mode and a DC mode. Further, there is a need for a modular power adapter, which is lightweight, less cumbersome, environmentally-friendly and has a lower operating temperature.

BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention is directed to a modular power adapter for providing a consumer- and environmentally-friendly connection between power source and portable electronics devices. It is an object of the present invention to improve the portability of electronics devices by modularizing the power adapter thereby reducing the weight of the adapter that must be carried. Another object of the invention is to distribute the heat dissipated by the modular power adapter, thus improving the lifespan of the power adapter when compared to conventional power adapters.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIGS. 1A and 1B are block diagrams of a modular power adapter according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2A is a perspective view of a modular power adapter configured in a DC mode according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2B is a perspective view of a modular power adapter configured in a AC mode according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of an AC input module of a modular power adapter according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a DC input module of the modular power adapter according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a block diagram of an AC input module of a modular power adapter according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a block diagram of a DC Output Module of the modular power adapter according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIGS. 7-7D are schematic diagrams illustrating the DC input module of the modular power adapter according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIGS. 8-8D are schematic diagrams illustrating the AC input module of the modular power adapter according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIGS. 9-9D are schematic diagrams illustrating the DC output module of the modular power adapter according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a flow diagram illustrating a method for providing a modular power connection according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a flow diagram illustrating a method for providing a modular power connection according to an embodiment of the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

FIG. 1A is a block diagram of a modular power adapter according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown inFIG. 1A,modular power adapter100 is configured in an DC mode and includes aDC input module110. Themodular power adapter100 also includes aDC output module120. TheDC input module110 may be configured with interface connectors (not shown) so as to be detachable from theDC power source130 and also from theDC output module120. TheDC input module110 receives DC power fromDC power source130 which may be a cigarette lighter socket, an airline in-seat adapter, an external battery or the like. TheDC input module110 generates a regulated DC voltage and provides the regulated DC voltage to theDC output module120. TheDC output module120 may be detachably coupled to a portable electronic device portableelectronic device140 such as a laptop computer, a handheld device such as personal digital assistant (PDA), a cellular telephone, a digital camera, an audio recorder, a Compact Disc (CD) player, an MP3 player or a portable digital video disc (DVD) player. TheDC output module120 adjusts the regulated DC voltage to a level based on the power requirements of the portableelectronic device140 and outputs a voltage (V_OUT) to the portableelectronic device140.

FIG. 1B is a block diagram of a modular power adapter according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown inFIG. 1B,modular power adapter150 is configured in an AC mode and includes anAC input module160. Themodular power adapter150 also includes theDC output module120, which is also shown inFIG. 1A. That is, theDC output module120 is common to both the AC and DC modes. TheAC input module160 may be configured with interface connectors (not shown) so as to be detachable from theAC power source170 and also from theDC output module120. TheAC input module160 receives AC power fromAC power source170 which may be configured as a wall outlet which may deliver 110V or 220V, for example. TheAC input module110 rectifies the AC voltage and generates a regulated DC voltage. The regulated DC voltage is provided toDC output module120 which adjusts the regulated DC voltage to a level based on the power requirements of theelectronic device140 and outputs a voltage (V_OUT) to the portableelectronic device140. Preferably, theDC output module120 is detachably coupled to theelectronic device140.

FIG. 2A is a perspective view of themodular power adapter200, configured in a DC mode. Theadapter200 includes theDC input module110 and theDC output module120. The DC input module is configured with a cigarettelighter adapter210 and an output jack (not shown) to receive aninterface connector220 on acable230 which is coupled to the input of theDC output module120. TheDC output module120 is further configured with asecond interface connector240 oncable235. Thesecond interface connector240 is configured to detachably couple to an input interface of a portable electronic device.

On the other hand,FIG. 2B is a perspective view of themodular power adapter250 configured in an AC mode. As shown inFIG. 2B, theDC input module110 with cigarette lighter adapter210 (ofFIG. 2A) has been replaced by theAC input module160 with an ACinput power cord260. Like the DC input module, theAC input module160 is configured with an output jack (not shown) to receiveinterface connector220 oncable230 which is coupled to the input of theDC output module120. In a preferred embodiment, the AC input module is configured as shown inFIG. 3. The AC input module may have dimensions of 95 mm×71 mm×15.5 mm.

As shown inFIGS. 1A,1B,2A, and2B, the modular power adapter may be configured in a DC mode or an AC mode by interchangeably coupling theDC output module120, which is common to both modes, to the either the DC input module110 (FIGS. 1A and 2A) or the AC input module160 (FIGS. 1B and 2B). This feature allows a user, for example, to use a laptop computer with a modular power adapter according to an embodiment of the present invention in the DC mode while traveling in a car by connecting the cigarettelighter adapter210 to a cigarette lighter socket in the car and coupling theinterface connector240 to the laptop computer. If the user returns home or reaches a travel destination and wishes to continue working on the laptop computer in the AC mode, the user may simply disconnect theinterface connector220 from theDC input module110 and leave the DC input module in the car connected to the cigarette lighter socket for later use. With the DC output module still connected to the portable electronic device, the user may connectAC input cord260 to a wall outlet andcouple interface connector220 toAC input module160.

On the other hand, if the user wants to switch back to DC mode, the user may disconnect theinterface connector220 from theAC input module160. TheAC input module160, which is larger in size than theDC input module110, may be disconnected from the wall outlet and packed away in a travel bag, for example. The DC input module may be reconnected as described above. As such, by using the modular power adapter of the present invention, the user may easily switch from one power source to another with a single disconnect/connect cycle.

As shown inFIGS. 1-3, theDC output module120 is provided in a housing structure separate from theDC input module110 and theAC input module160. Thus, the power conversion performed by the modular power adapter is spread across the selected input module and the DC output module. Accordingly, the modular power adapter according to the present invention distributes the heat produced by the modular power adapter. This increases the lifecycle of the modular power adapter as compared to conventional power adapters. This also makes the modular power adapter safer than conventional power adapters since it lessens the likelihood of heating the area around the adapter and lessens the likelihood of the user being burned when touching the modular power adapter.

FIG. 4 is a block diagram of aDC input module110 of a modular power adapter according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring toFIG. 4,DC input module110 may include aninput circuit410, acontrol circuit430, aregulator circuit440 and an oscillator circuit. Theinput circuit410 may receive DC power from a DC power source which may be, for example, a cigarette lighter socket of an automobile or an airplane in-seat adapter capable of outputting about 12V of DC power. Theinput circuit410 provides the DC voltage to thecontrol circuit430 andregulator circuit440.Oscillator circuit450 generates a pair of triangle waves which are supplied to controlcircuit430. The output of the regulator circuit (V_OUT) is provided to controlcircuit430 via a feedback path and used to set the duty cycle for thecontrol circuit430. Based on the output voltage V_OUTin comparison to the triangle waves (455aand455b) thecontrol circuit430 drives the regulator to increase or decrease the output voltage of the regulator to produce a regulated DC voltage V_OUTof about 32 V. The regulated DC voltage V_OUTmay be output viaoutput interface jack460 along with a reference voltage V_SWof about 10V, and ground.

FIG. 5 is a block diagram of theAC input module160 of a modular power adapter according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown inFIG. 5,AC input module160 may include aninput circuit510,conversion circuit505, aswitching circuit515, atransformer520, arectifier circuit525, and acontrol circuit530. Theinput circuit510 may be configured to receive AC power from an AC power source such as a wall outlet which may output 110V or 220V of AC power, for example. Theinput circuit510 provides the received AC power to theconversion circuit505 which may be configured as a full wave rectifier or a half wave rectifier. Theconversion circuit505 converts the AC voltage to a DC voltage. The DC voltage is then supplied to theswitching circuit515. Theswitching circuit515 produces an AC voltage which is provided to therectifier circuit525 viatransformer520 under the control ofcontrol circuit530. Therectifier circuit525 converts the AC voltage to a regulated DC voltage (shown as V_OUT) of approximately 32V. A different voltage level could be used according to design preference. The regulated DC output voltage V_OUTis then output toDC output module120 via anoutput interface jack560 and also fed back tocontrol circuit530 and used to produce a steady state voltage output. A reference voltage V_SWof approximately 10V and ground may also be provided viaoutput interface jack560.

The AC input module may also include output filters to reduce noise in the output and thus provide a more stable power output. Further, the AC input module may include a protection circuit to protect against overheating or undervoltage conditions, for example.

FIG. 6 is a block diagram of theDC output module120 of a modular power adapter according to an embodiment of the present invention. TheDC output module120 includes theinterface connector220,input circuit620, aregulator circuit630, acontrol circuit640 and theoutput interface connector240.Interface connector220 is configured to mate with the output interface jack of theDC input module110 or theAC input module160.Input circuit640 receives power supplied by either theDC input module110 or theAC input module160 viainterface connector220.Control circuit640 monitors the output voltage which varies as the load of anelectronic device660 varies. Theelectronic device660 is coupled to theoutput interface connector240 of theDC output module120. Based on the sensed voltage,control circuit640 controls theregulator circuit630 to output an output voltage at a stable level required to operate theelectronic device660.

TheDC output module120 may further be configured with a protection circuit to prevent damage to components of the modular power adapter, the electronic device coupled thereto, and the consumer as a result of overheating.

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the aDC input module110 of the modular power adapter according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring toFIG. 7, theDC input module110 includesinput circuit410,regulator circuit440,control circuit430, andoscillator circuit450.Input circuit410 receives a DC voltage such as 10V from a cigarette lighter, and provides various reference voltages (e.g., V_SWand V_REF) for operation of theDC input module110. Theinput circuit410 may further include fuse (f1) to provide overcurrent protection for the DC input module and thereby protect the modular power adapter and any electronic device coupled thereto. The input voltage V_INis provided to theregulator circuit440 and reference voltage V_SWis provided to thecontrol circuit430.

In an embodiment of the present invention, theregulator circuit440 is configured as switched mode power supply with an operating frequency of approximately 100 KHz. Of course, one of ordinary skill would understand that other configurations for a regulator could similarly be used. For example, a linear power supply could be used. Theregulator circuit440 includes a pair ofboost inductors740aand740b, to which the input voltage V_INis applied. Theboost inductors740aand740bare used to respectively generate outputs which differ in phase by 180 degrees under the control of thecontrol circuit430.

Oscillator circuit450 includes a pair of transistors (750aand750b) and is used to generate a pair of triangle waves Triangle-1 and Triangle-2. Using these triangle waves, theoscillator circuit450 sets the pulse width for thecontrol circuit430.

Thecontrol circuit430 monitors the output voltage (shown as V_SEN) ofregulator440. The voltage V_SENis filtered and supplied to the inverting input of anoperational amplifier735 of a dutycycle setting circuit730 of thecontrol circuit430. Theoperational amplifier735 compares the voltage V_SENto a predetermined reference voltage V_REF(e.g., 2.5V) which is input to the noninverting input of theamplifier735. The output ofamplifier735 is used to set the duty cycle for thecontrol circuit430. The triangle waves supplied by theoscillator circuit450 are respectively input into the inverting inputs ofcomparators732 and734 on afirst side731aof the control circuit430 (Triangle-1) and the inverting inputs ofcomparators736 and738 on asecond side731bof the control circuit430 (Triangle-2). Voltage levels Control H and Control-L are set based on the output ofamplifier735 and respectively input to the non-inverting inputs ofcomparators732,736 and734,738. The dutycycle setting circuit730 is common to both thefirst side731aand thesecond side731bof thecontrol circuit430. For ease of understanding, on thesecond side731b, the Control H and Control-L signals generated by the dutycycle setting circuit730 are shown as inputs to thecomparators736,738.

The output of the comparator734 (SW_DR_1) on the first side ofcontrol circuit430 and the output of comparator732 (SW_DR_2) on the second side ofcontrol circuit430 are fed back to theoscillator circuit450 and compared usingcomparator752. The output ofcomparator752 is then used to adjust the pulse width of the triangle wave (Triangle-2) provided to thecontrol circuit430 such that the current on both sides (731aand731b) ofcontrol circuit430 and therebyregulator440 are balanced. This ensures that the output voltage V_OUTof theregulator440 is stabilized at a particular voltage level.

The input voltage V_IN(e.g., 10V) is applied to boostinductors740aand740b. Whentransistor715aof thecontrol circuit430 is switch to an ON state,boost inductor740aloads. Whentransistor715aof thecontrol circuit430 is switched to an OFF state, theboost inductor740aacts as a power source and the stored power is applied totransistor745auntiltransistor745ais forward biased thereby producing an increased output voltage as determined by the pulse width. Accordingly, DC input module can for example, take a 12-15 V input voltage and generate a steady state output such as 28V or 32V.

Similarly, whentransistor715bof thecontrol circuit430 is switch to an ON state,boost inductor740bloads. Whentransistor715bof thecontrol circuit430 is switched to an OFF state, theboost inductor740bacts as a power source and the stored power is applied totransistor745buntiltransistor745bis forward biased thereby producing an output which is 180 degrees out of phase with that produced viaboost inductor740a.

The output voltage V_OUTand reference voltage V_SWare output viaoutput interface jack460. TheDC input module110 may also include anoutput filter770 to reduce ripple voltage.

TheDC input module110 may also be configured withprotection circuits780 and790.Protection circuit780 includes athermistor785 to monitor the temperature and protects the DC input module from failures related to overtemperature conditions by preventing operation when the temperature reaches a predetermined level. On the other hand,protection circuit790 protects the DC input module from failures related to undervoltage conditions operation by preventing operation when the input voltage V_INis less that a predetermined reference voltage.

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of theAC input module160 of the modular power adapter according to an embodiment of the present invention. TheAC input module160 includesinput circuit510,conversion circuit505, switchingcircuit515,transformer520,rectifier circuit525, andcontrol circuit530.AC input circuit510 receives AC power which may be for example 110V or 220V of AC power from a wall outlet. The input power may be filtered for noise reduction. The AC voltage is then supplied to theconversion circuit505 which is configured as a diode bridge and converts the AC input voltage to an unregulated DC voltage. The unregulated DC voltage is provided to switchingcircuit515 which generates an AC voltage based on a pulse width modulation (PWM) signal generated bycontrol circuit530. Whendrive transistor832 of switchingcircuit515 is switched to an ON state based on a PWM signal, the AC voltage is provided torectifier circuit525 viatransformer520. Therectifier circuit525 converts the AC voltage to a regulated DC voltage V_OUTof approximately 32V. The output voltage V_OUTis filtered viaoutput filter circuit860 and output atoutput interface jack560 along with a reference voltage (i.e., V_SW) of about 10V and ground.

To generate the PWM signal which controls thedrive transistor832, theAC input module160 may further include an optocoupler (850aand850b) and integrated circuit (IC)855 such as the FAN6961 Quasi-resident Pulse Width Modulation Controller.Optocoupler850a,850bmaintains the isolation boundary between the primary and secondary sides of thetransformer520. Further, optocoupler850 provides a feedback path to monitor the output voltage and control the pulse width and thereby maintain a stable output voltage.

TheAC input module160 may also be configured withprotection circuit880 which shuts down theAC input module160 when the temperature reaches a predetermined level.

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the aDC output module120 of the modular power adapter according to an embodiment of the present invention. TheDC output module120 may be detachably coupled to either theDC input module110 or theAC input module160 as described above without the need for further modification or additional adapters. In either case, theDC output module120 receives an input voltage (V_INof the DC output module=V_OUTof theinput module110 or160) and a reference voltage V_SWfrom output interface of the input module coupled thereto. TheDC output module120 includesinput interface connector220,input circuit620,regulator circuit630,control circuit640, andoutput interface connector240. Theinput interface connector220 couples with the output interface jack of the selected input module (e.g.460 ofFIG. 4 and 560 ofFIG. 5) to receive the input voltage V_INand the reference voltage V_SWfrom the input module coupled thereto (i.e., theDC input module110 or the AC input module160).

Whentransistor905 ofinput circuit620 is in an ON state, the input interface circuit910 delivers input voltage V_INto theregulator circuit630. As shown inFIG. 9, the regulator circuit may be configured as a synchronous buck converter. Other types of converters could also be used to regulate the power output to an electronic device.

Theregulator circuit630 which may operate at an operating frequency of 130 KHz, for example, adjusts the output to an electronic device using a PWM signal generated by thecontrol circuit640. Thecontrol circuit640 monitors the output voltage coupled to theoutput interface connector240 and generates signals which are used for voltage regulation and for current regulation. Inblock930,comparator935ais used for voltage regulation and monitors the output voltage V_OUTand compares V_OUTto a reference voltage. This reference voltage may be programmed for example, by components such as resistors which are external to theDC output module120. Such resistors may be located in a connector adapter (“tip”) which interfaces with the electronic device. The output ofcomparator935ais used to controlIC945 such as a MIC4100 half bridge driver and the ON/OFF times oftransistors922 and924. Thus, theregulator circuit630 is controlled to produces an output voltage V_OUTat a level such that the electronic device may be safely operated.

A 5V reference voltage may also be supplied to theDC output module120 viaoutput interface connector240 as a source for the program voltage V_PROGwhich is input via theoutput interface connector240.

Similarly, the output current is sensed and provided tocomparator935bwhich compares the output current to a reference to assist in power regulation. I_PROGis input viaoutput interface connector240 and sets a limit as to how much output current may be supplied by theDC output module120 safely (i.e., before theDC output module120 is shutdown due to excessive current).

FIG. 10 is a flow diagram illustrating a method for providing a modular power connection according to an embodiment of the present invention. Instep5, a voltage is received from a power source via an input power module. The input power module may be configured to receive an AC voltage or a DC voltage. The input power module converts the input voltage to DC if an AC voltage is received. In either case, instep10, the input power module regulates the unregulated DC voltage and outputs the regulated DC voltage. The regulated DC voltage may further be filtered to provide a more stable output voltage. Instep15, the regulated DC voltage is then supplied to an output power module. Instep20, the output power module adjusts the regulated DC voltage to produce an output voltage and outputs the output voltage via an output interface.

FIG. 11 is a flow diagram illustrating a method for providing a modular power connection according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring toFIG. 11, instep25, the user connects a portable electronic device to the DC output module. Instep30, the user selects a power source and a corresponding input module (DC input module110 or AC input module160) to enable operation of the portable electronic device. Instep35, based on the power source selected, the user connects the DC output module to the selected input module by inserting the input interface connector of the DC output module into the output jack of the input module. When an AC source is selected the user connects theAC input module160 to theDC output module120. On the other hand when a DC source is selected, the user connects theDC input module110 to theDC output module120. Instep40, the user connects the input module to the selected power source. When theAC input module160 is selected, the user connectspower cord260 to an AC source such as a wall outlet, and when theDC input module110 is selected, the user connects cigarette lighter adapter to a DC source such as a cigarette lighter socket in a car. Instep45, the user operates the electronic device. Instep50, the user turns off the portable electronic device. Instep55, the user disconnects the DC output module from the input module. When the user is ready to operate the electronic device, the user may repeat steps30-45 to couple the electronic device to a power source.

Since theAC input module160 and theDC input module110 are easily interchangeable a user may quickly switch from an AC power source to a DC power source and vice versa by simply disconnecting theinput interface connector220 of theDC output module120 from the currently employed input module (110 or160). The user may then connect theinput interface connector220 of theDC output module120 to the output jack of the input module for the power source that the user wishes to use. For example, if the user has connected an electronic device to a DC power source, such as a cigarette lighter socket, in a car using the modular power adapter including theDC input module110, and decides to switch to an AC source, the user disconnects theinput interface connector220 of theDC output module120 from the output jack of theDC input module460, leaving theDC input module110 in the car for later use. Then, with theDC output module120 still connected to the portable electronic device, the user could then move to a location having an AC source. The user may then insert theinput interface connector220 of the DC output module into theoutput jack560 of theAC input module160. AnAC power cord260 is coupled to the AC input module and plugged into an outlet for the AC source thereby enabling operation of the portable electronic device.

While the description above may refer to particular embodiments of the present invention, it will be understood that many alternatives, modifications and variations may be made without departing from the spirit thereof. The accompanying claims are intended to embrace such alternatives, modifications and variations as would fall within the true scope and spirit of the present invention. The presently disclosed embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention by the claims, rather than the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.

Claims (13)

1. A modular power adapter system comprising:

a direct current (DC) input module to receive a DC voltage and generate a first DC output voltage, wherein first circuitry for the DC input module is disposed in a first housing;

an alternating current (AC) input module to receive an AC voltage and generate a second DC output voltage, wherein second circuitry for the AC input module is disposed in a second housing; and

a DC output module which detachably couples to either the DC input module or the AC input module, and when coupled to the DC input module converts the first DC output voltage to a DC operational voltage for an electronic device, and when coupled to the AC input module converts the second DC output voltage to the DC operational voltage for the electronic device, wherein third circuitry for the DC output module is disposed in a third housing which is separate from the first housing and from the second housing.

2. The modular power adapter system ofclaim 1, wherein the DC voltage is supplied via a cigarette lighter socket of an automobile.

3. The modular power adapter system ofclaim 1, wherein the AC voltage is supplied via a wall outlet.

4. The modular power adapter system ofclaim 1, wherein the first DC output voltage is regulated.

5. The modular power adapter system ofclaim 1, wherein the second DC output voltage is regulated.

6. The modular power adapter system ofclaim 1, wherein the first DC output voltage is equal to the second DC output voltage.

7. A method for using a modular power adapter to provide power to a portable electronic device, the method comprising:

connecting the portable electronic device to a DC output module;

selecting a power source and a corresponding input module, the corresponding input module being selected from a plurality of input modules, at least one of which receives DC power and at least one of which receives AC power;

connecting the corresponding input module to the DC output module; and

connecting the selected power source to the corresponding input module,

wherein the respective circuitry for the DC output module and each of the plurality of input modules is disposed in respective housings which are separate from each other, and the DC output module is configured such that the DC output module may be coupled to one and only one of the plurality of input modules at a time.

8. A modular power adapter system comprising:

a direct current (DC) input module to receive a DC voltage and generate a first DC output voltage, the DC input module including a first output connector at which the first DC output voltage is provided;

an alternating current (AC) input module to receive an AC voltage and generate a second DC output voltage, the AC input module including a second output connector at which the second DC output voltage is provided; and

a DC output module which detachably couples to either the DC input module or the AC input module, and when coupled to the DC input module converts the first DC output voltage to a DC operational voltage for the electronic device, and when coupled to the AC input module converts the second DC output voltage to the DC operational voltage for the electronic device, the DC output module being coupled to an interface connector which is configured to detachably mate, one at a time, with the first output connector and with the second output connector.

9. The modular power adapter system ofclaim 8, wherein the interface connector is disposed on a first end of a cable, the cable having a second end which terminates at the DC output module.

10. The modular power adapter system ofclaim 8, wherein

the DC input module generates a first reference voltage in addition to the first DC output voltage;

the AC input module generates a second reference voltage in addition to the second DC output voltage; and

the DC output module, when coupled to the DC input module, utilizes the first reference voltage to convert the first DC output voltage to the DC operational voltage, and when coupled to the AC input module, utilizes the second reference voltage to convert the second DC output voltage to the DC operational voltage.

11. The modular power adapter system ofclaim 10, wherein the first reference voltage is equal to the second reference voltage.

12. The modular power adapter system ofclaim 11, wherein the first DC output voltage is equal to the second DC output voltage, and each of the first and second DC output voltages are different than each of the first and second reference voltages.

13. The modular power adapter system ofclaim 12, wherein each of the first and second DC output voltages is about 32 V and each of the first and second reference voltages is about 10 V.

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