US804272A - Respirator. - Google Patents

Description

No. 804,272. PATENTED NOV. 14, 1905.

W. SGHWARZ.

RESPIRATOR. APPLICATION ruin MAY 2a, 1905.

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W. SGHWARZ. RESPIRATOR.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 23, 1905.

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W. SGHWARZ. RESPIRATOR.

AIPLIOATION FILED MAY 2a, 1905.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE. WILHELM SCHWARZ, OF PFORZHEIM, GERMANY.

RESPIRATOR.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 14, 1905.

Application filed May 23, 1905. Serial No. 261,888.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILHELM SoHwARz, engineer, a subject of the Grand Duke of Baden, residing at Zahringer Allee,Pforzheim,Baden, German Empire, have invented new and useful Improvements in Respirators, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to an improved respirator to exclude injurious matterssu.ch as dust, smoke, and gasfrom the lungs.

The essential feature of the new respirator is that an air-purifier is inserted in the freshair-supply pipe in such manner that the wearer of the appliance can breathe either fresh air from without or the air of the surrounding space where he is, purified by the said device.

One form of construction of the apparatus is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a view showing the general arrangement of the apparatus. Fig. 2 is a plan of the actual respiratory device drawn to an enlarged scale. Fig. 3 is a vertical section, and Fig. 4 a plan of the air-purifier. Fig. 5 is an elevation, and Fig. 6 a plan of a pipecoupling employed for the apparatus. Fig. 7 is a longitudinal section of. the coupling holding the two pipes together. Fig. 8 is a like view of the parts uncoupled. Fig. 9 is an end elevation of the one-half of the coupling. Fig. 10 is a longitudinal section of a modification of the coupling-half connected with the fre'sh-air-supply pipe. Figs. 11, 12, and 13 are detail views, to be hereinafter referred to. Fig. 14 is a longitudinal section through the respiratory device. Fig. 15 is a plan of the india-rubber device which is pushed over the tubular casing of the respiratory appliance. Fig. 16 is a section on the line A B of Fig. 15.

The casing of therespiratory device 1, Fig. 1, is provided with tubular projections or nipples for the nose and mouth or for the nose only or for the mouth only, in which latter case the nostrils must be closed by means of a clip device. This casing may be secured in the desired position in any suitable manner for example, by means ofbands 23. It is provided, as will be hereinafter described, with back-pressure valves in such manner that one valve admits the fresh or the purified air for inspiration, and the other valve lets out the expired air.

To thecasing 1 there is connected theflexible pipe 4, leading to the air-purifier 5, Figs. 1, 3, and 4. The latter is connected to the back of the wearer of the apparatus-for instance, by a secondflexible pipe 6, Fig. 2. Thispipe 6 cannot be seen in Fig. 1, as it lies in line with thepipe 4, which thus conceals it. In this manner there is no inconvenient pull exerted on the mouth or nose; nor is the vfield of vision in any way disturbed. From the air-purifier 5 there conducts a furtherflexible pipe 7, which is connected to the freshair-supply pipe 10 by means of a pipe-couplinlg 9 of peculiar construction carried. by thebe t 8.

The air-purifier, Figs. 3 and 4, consists of a filter-box 11, having a hollow screw-stem 12, by which it is connected to thecasing 13, which presents tubular projections to receive thepipes 4, 6, and 7. The base of thestem 12 is provided with perforations 14 and receives a pin 15, on which slides adisk 16, so that in this manner a valve is constituted. This valve is closed when the wearer of the apparatus inspires fresh air, since the latter, entering under pressure through the main supply-pipe 10 and connecting-pipe 7, forces thedisk 16 against the bottom of thestem 12. When, therefore, the apparatus is used as f reshair respirator, the air-purifier is cut out. If, however, thecoupling 9 is broken, whereby the fresh-air supply is interrupted, thedisk 16 will sink and the surrounding air, purified by passing through the device 5, will enter the respirator. In order, however, simultaneously with disconnection of thecoupling 9 and automatic insertion of the air-purifier 5 to prevent the entrance of impure air from the surrounding space into thepipe 7 and into the air-supply pipe -10, a peculiar form of pipe-coupling 9'is employed.

Thecoupling member 17 is secured to thebelt 8 and has a tubular portion orspigot 18, containing avalve 19, Fig. 11. This valve when the coupling is broken, Fig. 8, closes thebore 20 in consequence of the action of thespring 22, one end of which presses against thedisk 21, Fig. 12, while the opposite end presses against the valve. In this manner no noxious air from the surrounding space can enter thepipe 7. Theother coupling member 23 has atubular portion 24, containing avalve 25, which when the coupling is broken closes thehole 26 by reason of thespring 28, inserted between the valve and thedisk 27, Fig. 13. By this meansthe surrounding vitiated air cannot enter the fresh-air-supply pipe either. Into the'couplingmember 23 there is screwed a tubular piece orsocket 29, the rubber lining 30 of which fits over thespigot 18 of theother coupling member 17 so that when theparts 18 29 are fitted together an air-tight joint is effected. In order to guard-against unintentional disconnection of theparts 18 29, a doublepivotal hook 31 is provided, gripping overstuds 32, projecting from thecoupling member 23, Figs. 7, 8, 9.

In order on making a joint to again open thevalves 19 automatically, thelatter valve 25 is provided with apin 33, which when theparts 18 29 are brought together butts against thevalve 19, so that the valves mutually open each other. In this manner a free passage is 5 afforded for the fresh air.

Should it not be necessary to provide for.

-- -fresh air from without or air from the surrounding space, purified by means of the device 5. The former will be the case when he is standing at his place of work, the second 3 when he has to leave this station for a short time. It is then only necessary for him to turn back the hook-piece 31 and draw thepipe 10 out of the coupling.

The casing of the respiratory device, as 35 shown in Figs. 14 to 16, consists of atubular member 36, to the ends of which screw-nipples 38 are secured by means of nuts 37. These nipples receive the knee-pieces 39 for connecting thepipes 4 and 6, of which the for- 4 mer, 4, conducts to the fresh-air-supply pipe, while the other, 6, closed by thedisk 40, in conjunction with thepipe 4, serves to hold in place on the back of the wearer the air-purifier 5, which is connected with the fresh-air-supply pipe. Thenipples 41 41 for the nose and the 'piece'43, which fits over the mouth and is stiffened bymetal strips 42, Figs. 14 to 16, are carried by asleeve 44 of rubber or the like, which fits over themetallic casing 36. If de- 5 sired, theparts 41 43 may form asingle piece with thesleeve 44. To clean the apparatus,

it is only necessary to draw therubber member 41 43 44 off thecasing 36. whereby ready access can be had to all the parts.

Theapertures 45 of thenipples 41 conduct to anopening 46 in therubber sleeve 44, and to thisopening 46 there corresponds anopening 47 in the wall of thecasing 36. Into theopening 46 there also conducts an aperture48 of the mouth-connectingpiece 43, so that the fresh air entering through the back-pressure valve 49 can be inspired in the direction of thearrow 1, and the expired exhausted air can flow out in the direction of the arrow -"II 5 through the back-pressure valve 50.

of these-called fiyup type.

The back=pressure valves 49 56, Fig. 14, are Thedisk 51 of each valve rides on ascrew 52, the thread of which does not reach to the head, so that between the thread and the head a smooth guide-stem 53 is presented for the sleeve to slide on. The sleeve can thus readilybe forced back from the apertures of theperforated disk 54. This is of much importance for the proper operation of the respiratory device, as breathing is thus greatly facilitated as compared with other apparatuses in which the screws for the valvedisks are screwed up tight. I

Having thusdescribed'm y-invention, Iclaim as new and desire to secureby LettersP-atent 1. A respirator, comprising a respiratory device fitting the face of the wearer of the apparatus,-and perforatedto admitofl'iisbreathing, and having valve-controlled air inlet and outlet passages; an air-purifier having air inlet and outlet passages; a back-pressure valve controlling the latter passage; apipe connecting the said purifier-outlet with 'the'air-inlet of the respiratory device; and a valve-controlled pipe'adapted to connect the said purifier-outlet with afresh-air-suppl'y pipe; whereby on the fresh-air supply being shut ofLthe said back-pressure valve opens automatically and allows air from the surrounding space'to pass through the purifier to the respiratory device; substantially as described.

2. A respiratorfcomprising a respiratory device fitting the face of the Wearerof the apparatus, and having a centrally-located aperture through which the wearer can breathe, and a valve-controlled air-inlet at the oneend and a valve-controlled air-outlet at the other end; means for holding the said device to the wearers head; an air-purifier located at the wearers backand havingair inlet and outlet passages; a back-pressure valve controlling the latter passage; a pipe located at one side of the'said purifier and connecting its outlet with the air-inlet of the respiratory device; means at the opposite side of the :pur-ifiersecuring the latter to the opposite end of the respiratory device; and a valve-controlled pipe adapted to connect the said purifier-outlet With'a-fresh=air-supply pipe; substantially as described.

3. A respirator,'comprising a respiratory device consistingof a perforatedtubular casing having valve-controlled air inlet and outlet passagesyand amember sliding over the said casing and presenting perforations through'whichthe wearerof the apparatus can breathe,communicating with the interior'of the casing; anair-purifier having anair-inlet anda valve-controlled air outlet; a pipe connecting the said purifier-outlet with the airinlet of the respiratory device; and a valvecontrolled pipe adapted to connect the said purifier-outlet with a fresh-ai'r-supplylpipe; substantially as described.

4. A respirator, comprising a respiratory device consisting of a perforated tubular casing having valve-controlled air inlet and outlet passages, and a member sliding over the said casing and presenting nipples adapted to fit the nostrils and a suitably-shaped member adapted to fit the mouth of the wearer of the apparatus, said nipples and mouthpiece communicating with the interior of the casing; an air-purifier having an air-inlet and a valvecontrolled air-outlet; a pipe connecting the said purifier-outlet with the air-inlet of the respiratory device; and avalve-c'ontrolled pipe adapted to connect the said purifier outlet with a fresh-air-supply pipe; substantially as described.

5. A respirator, comprising a respiratory device fitting the face of the wearer of the apparatus and perforated to admit of his breathing, and having airinlet and outlet passages, and back-pressure valves controlling the said passages and having disks lifting entirely from their seats; an air-purifier having an airinlet and a valve-controlled air-outlet; a pipe connecting the said purifier-outlet with the air-inlet of the respiratory device; and a valvecontrolled pipe adapted to connect the said purifier-outlet with a fresh-air-supply pipe; substantially as described.

6. A respirator, comprising a respiratory device fitting the face of the wearer of the apparatus and perforated to admit of his breathing, and having valve-controlled air inlet and outlet passages; an air-purifier having air inlet and outlet passages; a back-pressure valve controlling the latter passage; a pipe connecting the said purifier-outlet with the air-inlet of the respiratory device; a fresh-air-supply pipe; a pipe for connecting the said purifierpassage of the socket, whereby on the spigot being inserted into the socket the valves abut and mutually open each other; substantially as described.

7. A respirator, comprising a respiratory device fitting the face of the wearer of the apparatus and perforated to admit of his breathing, and valve-controlled air inlet and outlet passages; an air-purifier having air inlet and outlet passages; a back-pressure valve controlling the latter passage; a pipe connecting the said purifier-outlet with the air-inlet of the respiratory device; a fresh-air-supply pipe; a pipe for connecting the said purifier-outlet with the latter; and means for coupling the two said latter pipes, consisting of a spigot member on the connecting-pipe and a springactuated valve sliding therein and controlling its aperture, and a socket member on the fresh-air-supply pipe and a member presenting a projection located therein, whereby on the spigot being inserted into the socket the valve and the projection abut and effect opening of the valve; substantially as described.

In witness whereof I have hereunto signed my name this 6th day of May, 1905, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

W. SCHWARZ.

WVitnesses ALBERT BAER, ERNST ENTENMAN.

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