US798706A - Dowel-joint. - Google Patents

Description

No. 798,706. PATENTBD SEPT. 5, 1905. B. C. ROGKWELL.

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BYhl) (l. lt()(.`flilf\fllili, OF DICH LA, Alliil N S115, ASSI( NOlt '.l() ltOUvKll'ICLL MANUFAUTURING CO., A CORP()NATION OF Ahlx'ANSAS.

DOWEL-JOINT.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 5, 1905.

Application filed June 27,1904. Serial No. 214,410.

in the county of Hot Springs and State of Arkansas, have invented a new and useiful Dowel-Jrnnt, of which the Vfollowing is a specification.

This invention relates to dowel-joints, and has for its object to provide an improved joint of this character which is capable of being conveniently assembled and does not require the employment of any Vfastening' means additional to the inertise and the dowel.

Vhile the present joint has been especially designed for usein thenuinu'faeture of wooden doors, frames, and the like, it is of course capable of use in various relations.

llritlh these and other objects in view the present invention consists in the combination and arrangement of parts as will be hcreinaf ter more Vfully described, shown in the accompanying drawings, and particularly pointed out in the appended claims, it being understood that changes in the form, proportion, size, and minor details may be made within the scope of the claims without departing' from the spirit or saciificiiig any of the advantages of the invention.

1n the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is an elevation of a corner-joint having parts broken away to show the present form of joint. Fig. Q is a detail perspective view of the dowel. Fig. 3 is a sectional view illustrating one oi' the iiiortises employed in connection with the present invention.

Like characters of reference designate corresponding parts in each and every ligure of' the drawings.

Thedowel 1 of the present invention is formed of wood and substantially rectangular in cross-section, so as to prevent turning of the same within the stock to which it is applied and in some instances is square and in other instances oblong. Each end of the dowel is tapered, as at 2, to facilitate t-lie entrance thereof into a mortise, and one end is, furthermore, split or provided with aloiigitudinal bifurcation 3 for the reception of awedge 1 to spread the split terminal of the dowel and insure a snug engagement thereof with the walls of the mortise. That half of the dowel which is split or bifurcated is provided with edge notches 5, with their abrupt faces or shoulders facing toward the middle of thedowel and their beveled walls inclining toward the split end of the dowel. Facef notches t3 are formed in the dowel at opposite sides of thebifurcation 3 and intermediate of the ends thereof.

ln employing' the present invention Vfor 6o ,iointing door-frames the rail T is provided with alongitudinal niortise 8, and the notched end of the dowel is driven into the niortise until the wedges strikes the back of the mortise and-spreads the split portion of the dowel, so as to insure a snug engagement of the stock of the rail T with the face-notches G, the stock also expanding' into the notches 5, thereby to prevent endwise looseness of the dowel. The stile E) is provided with a mortise consisting ofoffset members 10 and 1.1, the member 1l) being cut from the inner edge of the stock and themember 1,1 cut from the outer edge thereof, thereby producingshoulders 12 and 13, and when the smooth end portion of the dowel is driven into the mortise in the stile the beveled end of the dowel will be deflected by theshoulder 13 and directed into the outer mortise member 11, whereby the dowel will be bent, as indicated in Fig. 1, and expanded into the notches produced by theshoulders 1Q and 13, wlieieby the dowel will be held against endwise looseness in the stile.

From the foregoing description it will be understood that the dowel is locked in the niortises by reason of the stock of the rail expanding into the notches of the dowel and by reason of the dowel being bent and expanded into the notches in the niortises of the stile, whereby the dowel is locked against endwise looseness without the employment of extraneous fastenings. Thewedge 1 can be employed in the rail only for the reason that the inner end of themortise 8 is closed, and therefore has a wall against which the wedge may engage, while the mortise in the stile is open at opposite ends by reason of the fact that it is necessary to cut the mortise from opposite edges of the stile to produce the offset niortise members. The wooden dowcls should be formed of stock which has been thoroughly dried to prevent shrinkage of the dowel, so that whatever shrinkage may occur will be in the stock having' the mortise, which will tend to grip the dowel more snugly, and thereby maintain a rigid assemblage of the parts regardless of climatic conditions and changes. Under these circumstances if the rail and stile IOO do not shrink the dowel may swell, which will bring about the. same result and maintain a tight joint.

Ordinarily that end of the dowel which is not bifurcated will be smooth and free from notches; but I contemplate providing lnotches arranged for engagement With theshoulders 12 and 13 of the mortise in the stile.

The mortises in the rail and stile are set IO square with the stock and are angular in shape, as is the dowel that engages them, to permit the dowel to beso seated in the rail that the maximum resistance offered to 'the Wedge either by the growth of the grain or Width or' Ythe stock in the rail is easily obtained Without effecting the assemblage or' the stile members.

In forming the mortise in the stile .care should be taken thatthe mortise members l0 2O and 11 be ol'set longitudinally of the stile in order that the maximum lateral resistance of "f thefstile may be obtained.

Having fully described the invention, what is claimed is- `l. A mortise and doWel-joint including a mortise having an offset portion and doxvel driven into the mortise and bent by an offset the rail, and a doWel-pin hav-ing oneiend p0r-V tion notched and driven into themortise of the railand its oppositeend .portion smooth and driven into the mortise oi' the stile and bent by the oiset portion thereof to grip theitenon against the shoulders v*produced Vby the offset portion.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own I have hereto aiiixed .mysignature in the presenceof two Witnesses.

BYRD .0. ROOKWELL. lfitnesses:

D. D. -MADDRL GRovnR B.,Su1fr r1.

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