US716115A - Telescopic compound engine. - Google Patents

Description

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Patented Dec. I6, |9Q2.

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No. 7|6,|l5. Patented Dec. I6, |902.

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TELESCOPIC COMPDUND ENGINE. (Application f ued oct. 21, 1901.)

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TELESCUPIC CUMPUUND ENGINE. (Application led Oct. 21, 19m.)

Patented Dec. I6, |9021.

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Patented 1130.16, |902.

(ApplicaQion Bled Oct. 21, 1901.]

WY SCHNEIDER TELESCUPIC GUMPOUND ENGINE.

(No Model.)

UMTED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM SCHNEIDER, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO THE WHITFIELD COMPANY, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF MISSISSIPPI.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 716,115, dated December 16, 1902.

Application filed October 21, 190i. Serial No. 79,466. (No model.)

To a/ZZ whom it' may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM SCHNEIDER, a citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Telescopic Compound Engines; and I do hereby declare the following to be afull, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as Will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to letters and figures of reference marked thereon,which form a part of this specification.

This invention has relation to that type of telescopic compound steam-engines comprising a low pressure cylinder, a stationary abutment, a high-pressure pistoncylinder Working in said low-pressure cylinder and on said abutment, the inner head of said highpressure cylinder constituting the differential piston for said cylinders, and a valvelcasing and valve located axially within the cylinders.

In my application for Letters Patent of the United States filed October 2, 1901, SerialNo. 77,293, I have referred to the discovery made by me that by closing the usually open outer end of the high-pressure cylinder of an engine of the type referred Vto and that by a proper arrangement of the steam-ports and the provision of a suitable valve for controlling said ports I am enabled to convert the engine into a triple-expansion engine Without increasing or materially increasing its dimensions. In my said application I have also shown aconstruction of low-pressure cylinder whereby an auxiliary annular exhaustport of comparatively great cross-sectional area is obtained, for purposes fully described, by interrupting the continuity of said cylinder at a suitable point, but that thisauxiliary exhaust-port was not absolutely necessary to the good operation of the engine. I have since discovered that a triple-expansion engine, such as described .in my said application, can be convertedinto a double-acting compound engine or intoa quadruple-expansion engine by utilizingthe loW-pressure-cyl- 5o inder space on the side of least cross-sectional area of the differential piston of the engine as a fourth cylinder, the auxiliary annular exhaust-port formed by interrupting the continuity of the 10W-pressure cylinder above referred to being of course dispensed with and the location of the steam-ports altered to suit the altered function of the engine and suitable valves provided for controlling said ports. It Will readily be seen that by closing the outer end of the highpressure cylinder at a suitable point two cylinders or pressure-chambers of different crosssectional areas are obtained by reason of the displacement `of the axially-arranged Valvecasing on one side of the stationary abutment, which therefore constitutes the differential piston for said chambers. Furthermore, the cross-sectional area of the fourth chamber-namely, the one on the side of least cross-sectional area of the piston-head of the high-pressure cylinder-is greater than that of the aforementioned chambers, but of less cross-sectional area than that of the 10W- pressure-cylinder chamber on the side of greatest cross-sectional area ot' said pistonhead of the high-pressure cylinder, which latter, therefore, performs not only the function of dierential piston for the low-pressure and the high-pressure chambers, but also for the low-pressure chamber andthe second intermediate-pressure chamber.

That my invention may be fully understood I Will describe the same in detail., reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in Which- Figure l is a fragmentary vertical section, and Fig. 2 a vertical section of a double-action compound telescopic engine, illustrating my invention, the high-pressure piston-cylinder being shown at the limit of its instroke in Fig. l and at the limit of its outstroke in Fig. 2. Figs. 3 and 4 are fragmentary `fertical sections of a quadruple-expansion engine, the pistons being shown at the limit of their in and out strokes, respectively. Fig.

5 is a section on line X Y of Fig. l or of Fig. 3, and Fig. 6 is a fragmentary sectional development of the valve-casing. n -f Referring to the drawings, a indicates the 10W pressure cylinder," c the high-pressure IOO tionary abutment Zdivides the high-pressurecylinder closed at g -near its outer end and connected in the usual manner with the crankshaft of the engine through connecting-rod 38.

Z indicates the stationary abutment, h the axially-arranged combined valve-casing and supplementary steam-chest and supplementary receiver, hereinafter referred to as the valve-casing, Which is preferably, though not necessarily, formed integral with said abutment, which latter is closed at its outer end by a suitable head, said valve-casing being removably secured to the head 7c of the low-pressure cylinder.

The high-pressure cylinder e is guided in a tubular extension d, formed on a frame b, to which the low-pressure cylinder is secured.

From the construction and arrangement as described it will be observed that the stacylinder into two cylinders or pressure-chambers-namely, a high-pressure chamber 35, andafirstintermediate-pressurechamber36-d While the piston fof the low-pressure cylinder divides said 10W-pressure cylinder into two cylinders or pressure-chambers-namely, into a second intermediate-pressure chamber 34`and a low-pressure chamber 37.

By a suitable disposition of the steam-ports and the provision of suitable valves the engine can be operated as a quadruple-expansion engine or as a double-acting compound engine, which latter I will now describe, referring to Figs. 1 and 2, wherein z' indicates the internal valve, and y the external valve, both being tubular, open at both ends, and of reduced diameter between theiropposite ends to form-the steam-passages 14a and l5, re-

l spectively, between them and their casings,

6ft-sages 26.

the external valve y working in a casing as, secured to or formed integral with the 10W- pressure cylinder, said valve receiving its motion in any usual manner from the crankshaft through a suitable eccentric thereon, (not shown,) to which eccentric is, connected one end of thestem 21 of said valve by means of a connecting-rod z. The opposite end of the valve-stem 21 is connected to aradial arm 11 on a rock-shaft 18, which has its bearings in standards bolted to the head k of the lowpressure cylinder, said rock-shaft having secured theretoa secondradial arm 20, to which is connected the stem u of the internal valve Theexternal-valvecasinghasan exhaust branch 40, and the head 7c of the low-pressure cylinder is divided by apartition 23, and the valve-casing hinto a receiver-chambery? and a live-steam chamber q, havingports 25u and 1, respectively, in communication with the receiver-space 4 and the live-steam space 2 in said valve-casingh, said live-steam chamber q being in communication through a passage r with the steam-inletvport s. The internalvalve casing is provided with thelong port 7 and with suitably-located ports 25 and pas- In the stationary abutment Z are formed steam-.passages 5, and at its opposite ends the loW-press`u`re-cyli`n`der haspassages 6 and 28 in communication with the externalvalve casing x. The operation of the engine is as follows: Supposing the high-pressure piston-cylinder to be at or about at the limit of its outstroke and the internal and external valvesz' and y at or about at the limit of their instroke, Fig. 2, steam flowing fromsteamchest q 2, ports 25,passages 14a and 26 into high-pressure-cylinder space 35, causing the `high-pressure piston-cylinder to make its inthrough ports 6 and passage 15 between valve y and its casing x. outstroke, Fig. 1, the steam from intermediate-cylinder space 36 is exhausted into the receiver 4 p throughpassages 5, valve c', valvecasing h, and itsport 7, live steam being admitted to the high-pressurev cylinder e, as above set forth, While steam from said receiver is admitted through valve-casing 0:, valve y, andpassage 28 into the second intermediate-pressure chamber 34, the high-pressure cylinder e making its instroke under the action of live steam and the expansion of the first intermediate-pressure steam. At the completion of this second instroke, Fig. 2, live steam is admitted to the first intermediate-pressu re chamber 36, as before, steam is exhausted from the second intermediate-pressure chamber 34 into the atmosphere throughpassage 28, external-valve passage 15, and exhaust-port 40, While steam from receiver p is admitted to low-pressure chamber 37 through passage 6, the outstroke of the high-pressure piston-cylinder e being eected under the action of live steam and under expansion of low-pressure steam. Finally at the completion of this last outstroke live steam will be admitted to the high-pressure chamber 35, intermediate-pressure steam from first intermediate-pressure chamber36 exhausting into receiver 4 p, While intermediate pressure steam from receiver Will be admitted to second intermediate-pressure space 34 and lowpressure steam exhausting from low-pressure chamber 37 into the atmosphere through passage 6, external-valve-casing passage 15, and port s, the engine being now in Working order, the instroke being effected under the action of live steam and expansion of first intermediate-pressure steam, while the outstroke is effected by live steam infirst intermediatepressure chamber 36 and by expansion of lowpressure steam in low-pressure chamber 37,

\ and so on.

Referring now to Figs. 3 and 4, which illustrate the quadruple-expansion engine, it will At the completion of said' IOO IIO

IZO

tiene y be seenthat there is no change in the general construction of the engine, and by the mere substitution of a suitable internal-valve casing and valve and a suitable external valve a double-acting compound engine can be converted into a quadruple-expansion engine. The valve-casing 7L has at its lower end an annular steam -passage 27, leading from the high-pressure chamber 35 intothe valve-casing, and above saidannular passage 27 the casing has a port or ports 29, leading from the live-steam space 2 into said valve-casing. The internal valve t' is of substantially the same construction as that shown in Figs. 1 and 2, except that its upper valve-face 30 is madelonger. The external valve y is likewise of substantially the same construction as that shown in Figsl and 2,with

p this exception-itis much shorter and has its t The operation will be as follows, the highpressure piston cylinder and valves being in the position shown in Fig. 4: Livesteamf rom q 2 is admitted to high-pressure chamber 35 through `ports 29, passage 14a,annular passage 27, and its ports leading to and from the valve-casing to said high-pressure chamber, the high-pressure piston-cylinder making its inst-reke. At the completion of this instroke, Fig. 3, steam from the high-pressure chamy ber Will exhaustinto thefirst intermediatepressure chamber 36 throughpassages 27, 14a, and 5, the high-pressure piston-cylinder making its outstroke by expansion of steam from the high-pressure chamber. At the completion of said outstroke, Fig. 4, live steam Will again be admitted tothe high-pressure chamber 35, as above set forth, while the steam in rst intermediate-pressure chamber 36 Will exhaust into receiver 4 p throughpassages 5, valve t', andport 7, which steam will flow from receiver to second intermediate-pressure chamber 34 throughpassage 33,ports 39, andpassage 28, the high-pressure pistoncylinder making its second instroke under live-steam pressure and expansion of iirst intermediate steam-pressure. At the completion of this` second instroke, Fig. 3, steam from second intermediate-pressure chamber 34 Will exhaust into the low-pressure chamber 37 throughpassage 28, external-valve casing rr, its valve y, valve-port 32, and passage 6, While steam from the high-pressure chamber` 35 will exhaust into thefirst intermediatepressure chamber 36, the high-pressure piston-cylir der making its second outstroke under the expansion of first intermediate and low pressure steam. At the completion of this second outstroke, Fig. 4, live steam will be admitted to thehigh-pressure chamber 35, steam from the first intermediate-pressure chamber will exhaust into the receiver, steam from the latter Will be supplied to the second intermediate-pressure chamber 34, While steam from the low-press u rechamber 37 Will exhaust into the atmosphere through passage 6, valve-casing and exhaust-port 40. The engine being now in Working order the instroke Will be effected by live steam in high-pressure chamber 35 and by expansion of steam in rst intermediate-pressure chamber 34steam from low-pressure chamber 37 exhausting throughport 40, While the outstroke Will be effected by expansion of steam from high-pressure chamber 35 in first intermediate-pressure chamber 36 and by expansion of steam from second in termediate-pressure chamber 34 and 10W-pressure chamber 37, and so on. It will be observed that the internal-valve casing h is closed at both ends and forms therefore a part of the receiver 4p, the parts being praetically steam-jacketed, so that loss of power by condensation is reduced to a minimum.

In engines constructed for operation as described it is difficult to exhaust Water of condensation from the high-pressure chamber 35 and the first intermediate-pressure chamber 36 of a double-acting compound or quadruple expansion engine organized as described. This difficulty I avoid, as shown in the double-acting compound engine by the provision of blow-off pipes P2 P3, the former extending through the receiver-space 4 and steam-passage 2G into proximity to the stationary abutment, While pipe P3 extends through the live-steam space 2 and one of thepassages 5, leading to the first intermediate-IOO pressure chamber 36, so that the outer end `municating With the exhaust-chamber and the like end of the pipe P3 with the receiverspace. Substantially the same arrangement prevails in the quadruple-expansion engine,

`the pipe P2, Which drains the high-pressurecylinder space, extending through one of the receiver-spaces 4 and thepassage 27 into close proximity to the inner face of the stationary abutment Z, While the pipe P3 extends through the live-steam chamber 2, the aforesaid steam-passage 27,and one of thepassages 5 in said abutment.

Having thus described my invention, What I claimasnew therein, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. A telescopic engine, comprising an outer stationary cylinder, an inner closed and movable piston cylinder, an axially disposed valve-casing and a stationary abutment at one end thereof, said parts constructed and arranged to divide the movablewand station- IIO in said valve-casing, an auxiliary valve cooperating with the first-named valve,and suitably-disposed steam ports and passages controlled by' said valves, whereby the engine may be caused to operate as a double-acting compound vengine or as a quadruple-expansion engine, substantially as set forth.

3. A telescopic engne,comprising an outer stationary cylinder, an inner movable pistoncylinder,an axially-disposed valve-Casin g and a stationary abutment at one end thereof,said stationary abutment dividing the inner cylinder-space into two pressure-chambers of unequal cross-sectional areas by reason of the displacement of the valve-casing on one side of said abutment, the piston-head ofthe movable piston-cylinder dividing the stationary cylinder into two pressure-chambers of unequal cross-sectional areas and ot' greater cross-sectional areas than the pressure-chambers of the inner cylinder; in combination with means for causing the four-cylinder engine to work as a double-acting compound engine or as a quad ruple-expansion engine, for the purpose set forth.

4. A telescopic engine, comprising an outer stationary cylinder, an inner movable pistoncylinder, an axially-disposed valve-casing and a stationary abutment at one end thereof, said stationary abutment dividing the inner cylinder-space into two pressure-chambers of unequal cross-sectional areas by reason of the displacement of the valve-casing on one side of said abutment, the piston-head of the movable piston-cylinder dividing the stationary cylinder into two pressure-chambers of unequal cross-sectional areas and of greater cross-sectional areas than the pressurechambers ot` the inner cylinder; in combination with an internal valve in said valve-casing, an externalvalve connected with and operating said internal valve, and suitably-disposed steam ports and passages controlled by said valves, whereby the engine can be operated as a double-acting compound or as a quadruple-expansion engine, substantially as set forth.

5. Means for converting a telescopic compound engine comprising a low-pressure cylinder, a stationary abutment, an open-ended high-pressure cylinder Working in said 10W- pressure cylinder and on said abutment, and an axially -disposed valve-casing carrying said abutment, into a quadruple-cylinder engine, which means consists in a head closing the open end of the high-pressure cylinder at a suitable point, in a suitable arrangement of steam-ports, and in combination therewith of a valve mechanism controlling said ports, and whereby all four cylinders are utilized as working cylinders, for the purpose set forth.

6. In a telescopic steam-engine such as described, the combination with the low-pressure cylinder, the stationary abutment and the high-pressure piston-cylinder closed at its outer end; of means for draining the high and 'intermediate pressure chambers, comprising two drain-pipes arranged between the concentric Walls ofthe valve-casing and extending from the high-pressure chamber and the intermediate-pressure chamber respectively into the exhaust and receiver spaces in the head of said low-pressure cylinder, substantially yas set forth.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as myinvention I have signed my name in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

WILLIAM SCHNEIDER.

Witnesses:

GEORGE L. WARFIELD, WILLIAM D. GOFF.

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