US5540321A - Apparatus and method for moving objects - Google Patents

Abstract

A means and method for moving objects (10) having a stand (12) and at least one support arm (14) movably connected to the stand (12). At least a pair of counter rotatable shafts (16 and 18) are connected with the support arm (14) and movable belts (20) for moving objects (64, 68) surrounds each counter rotatable shaft (16 and 18) so that an upper and lower surface (38 and 40) are formed by the belt (20) and each surface moves together in the same direction. The moveable belts (20) are movable by means of friction, or by a handle (22), or by some other suitable mechanical or electrical-mechanical means, in a direction that causes the device (10) to gently lift up and incrementally crawl under the object (64, 68) to be moved in one direction and to move out from under the object (64, 68) being deposited when moved in the other direction.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

This invention relates to an improved apparatus and method for moving objects. In a preferred embodiment, the apparatus and method is utilized by a single operator to move patients, that are confined to bed, from one place to another.

Both manual and mechanical means and methods have been known in the art for quite some time for moving heavy objects from one place to another. In a hospital setting, groups of people, typically nurses, are often utilized to move bed-bound patients. Many mechanical devices are also known. A number of prior art patents disclose patient lift and transport devices in which an overhead crane or hoist lifts the patient from the bed. (U.S. Pat. No. 5,147,051 and U.S. Pat. No. 5,187,822). In these devices, a caster-mounted crane or permanently mounted overhead hoist is used to lift a patient in a sling. These devices require the sling to be slid under the patient before the crane is activated. This operation can be difficult or impossible for one person to perform and is also likely to cause discomfort to the patient. A third drawback of these types of devices is that they are relatively expensive.

A second class of device utilizes a soft, underlying pad to allow the patient to be turned while in the bed. These inventions provide mechanical improvement to a technique that has been around since the turn of the century. In the original technique, the patient lay on the turning pad and, when it became necessary to turn the patient, the attendant would pull one side of the pad causing the patient to roll along the long axis of his body away from the direction the pad was pulled. More recent improvements have substituted mechanical force for the force exerted by the attendant. For example, in U.S. Pat. No. 4,502,169, the pad is actually a long strip attached at one end to a feed spool and at another end to a take-up spool. When the patient is to be turned, the take-up spool is mechanically turned, causing the pad/strip to move and turning the patient. A second turning pad variant is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,168,587. In this invention, the turning pad is wrapped around the patient and connected with straps to form a broad belt around the patient's mid-section. Mechanical torque is then applied to the belt causing both belt and patient to turn.

Yet another variation of the turning pad is the sliding pad, which is placed under the patient to facilitate moving the invalid transitionally from one surface to an adjacent surface. An example is found in U.S. Pat. No. 5,165,122. In this invention, the pad is placed under the patient. Then the edges of the pad are wrapped around the patient and connected together. Handgrips along the sides of the pad allow attendants to slide the patient from one bed onto an adjacent bed or onto another surface.

Still another variant of the basic sliding pad describes a pad consisting of two layers of material that are free to slide relative to each other. The coefficient of friction between these two layers is low, facilitating the sliding action. One such sliding pad is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,005,232, wherein a lubricant is used to reduce the friction between the inside surfaces of the pad.

A third approach to moving invalid patients is embodied in the turnover bed described in U.S. Pat. No. 3,827,089. In this invention, the bed assembly itself turns over to allow the patient to be deposited onto a separate mattress.

Other devices use the bed sheet itself to hoist the patient, such as shown in U.S. Pat. No. 4,327,453. This invention lifts the patient from his bed by, in effect, making the sheet on which the patient lies into a sling.

In addition to the hazards and discomfort caused by rolling or sliding or turning a sick or injured person, a drawback to the means and methods for moving objects and/or patients known in the art is that a large number of individuals, certainly more than one, are required to accomplish most of them. In a period of downsizing medical staff, this is a severe hardship. Further, most of the prior art devices require lifting the patient to insert a lifting means underneath the patient, which is extraordinarily difficult for one person to accomplish and can be extremely painful for patients in delicate conditions. A still further drawback is that prior art devices utilizing the sheet as a lifting means do not enable the user to remove the soiled sheet itself.

Thus, there is a need in the art for providing a means and method which enables a single person to effectively move heavy objects such as patients, without having to first roll, turn, or slide the patient, and further, while enabling a single user to lift the patient clear of the bed so that the bed linen can be changed subsequent to the move. It, therefore, is an object of this invention to provide an improved means and method for lifting objects, that can be operated by a single person, without need for rolling, turning or sliding the object first, thereby also enabling the retrieval, cleansing and replacement of associated linens, for example.

SHORT STATEMENT OF THE INVENTION

Accordingly, the apparatus for moving objects of the present invention includes a stand having at least one support arm movably connected to the stand. At least a pair of counter rotatable shafts are connected with this support arm and a movable belt means for moving objects surrounds each counter rotatable shaft so that an upper and lower surface is formed and each surface moves in the same direction. Further, a means for moving the counter rotatable shafts and associated movable belt means, such as a handle or electric motor or the like, is provided. In one embodiment, the support arm includes a pair of oppositely positioned support tubes adapted to contain the ends of the counter rotatable shafts. The counter rotatable shafts are connected so that when the means for moving the shafts, the handle for example, is operated, the shafts rotate in opposite directions. Also, in a preferred embodiment, the movable belts are divided into four separate belt sections for ease of maintenance and manufacture.

A method for moving objects and/or patients is also disclosed and includes the steps of constructing the stand and connecting a support arm to it such that the support arm may be moved up and down vertically on the stand to accommodate various object heights. At least a pair of counter rotatable shafts are connected, next, to the support arm and a movable belt means for moving the objects is added so that one belt surrounds each counter rotatable shaft so that an upper and lower surface is formed and each surface moves in the same direction. Another step involves adding a means for moving the counter rotatable shafts and associated movable belt means and, then, operating the moving means so that objects are lifted onto or lowered off of the movable belt.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Other objects, advantages, and features of the present invention will become more fully apparent from the following detailed description of the preferred embodiment, the appended claims and the accompanying drawings in which:

FIG. 1 is a top view of a preferred embodiment of the apparatus for moving objects of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a top cut away view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a side view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a side view of the belt and tray support of the invention of FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a side view of a single tray section of the invention of FIG. 1;

FIG. 6, is a front view of FIG. 1;

FIGS. 7-12 are sequential views illustrating the operation of the invention for moving objects, such as patients, FIG. 7 showing the initial position of the patient and the invention;

FIG. 8 shows the invention in position on the bed next to the patient;

FIG. 9 shows the invention moved under the patient;

FIG. 10 shows the patient raised on the invention off of the bed;

FIG. 11 shows the patient moved away from the bed on the invention;

FIG. 12 shows the patient being moved back over the bed to reverse the steps shown in FIGS. 7-11;

FIG. 13 is a side view of a preferred embodiment of the rollers of the invention of FIG. 1;

FIG. 14 is a side view of another embodiment of the rollers of the invention of FIG. 1 compacted to reduce the height;

FIG. 15 is a side view of another embodiment of the rollers of the invention of FIG. 1 separated and requiring driving means, such as chain and sprockets;

FIG. 16A is a side view of the lower independent tray showing it placed into the support arm;

FIG. 16B is a side view of the upper independent tray showing it placed into the support arm on top of the lower tray; and

FIG. 17shows locking arm 17 lowered and causing the upper and lower trays to be pressed into contact with the driving shaft and each other.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT

The preferred embodiment of the present invention is illustrated by way of example in FIGS. 1-17. With specific reference to FIGS. 1-6, anobject mover 10 includes astand 12 in the form, as seen from the side, of a L shape to which is movably connected at least one support arm 14 (three are shown in FIGS. 1 and 2). A pair of counterrotatable shafts 16 and 18 are connected to thesupport arm 14. Amovable belt 20 encompasses eachrotatable shaft 16 and 18. Further, a means for moving the counter rotatable shaft, handle 22, is shown. A pair ofend support tubes 24 is shown, within which is located the ends of counterrotatable shafts 16 and 18.Support tubes 24 help support themovable belts 20 against side to side motion.

Referring now to FIG. 2, stand 12 consists of uprightvertical section 26 andhorizonal sections 28.Horizonal sections 28 havecasters 30 that enable movement.

FIG. 3 showsarrows 34 and 36 which indicate that thetop surface 38 of amovable belt 20 and thebottom surface 40 of an identicalmovable belt 20 both move in the same direction when moved, such as when handle 22 is turned. It should be noted that the direction ofarrows 34 and 36 will be reversed upon reversing the direction of movement ofobject mover 10 and/or handle 22.

Referring now to FIGS. 4 and 5, an enlarged view oftray support 32 is shown.Tray units 32 support the object to be moved and fix the belts and rollers in position. In a preferredembodiment tray units 32 are comprised of four pairs of independent trays 42 (see FIGS. 5, 16 and 17) with axle/connectingholes 44 in each end. Axle/connectingholes 44 are used to retain and support counterrotatable shafts 16 and 18 andidler rollers 46 and 48, as well as connecting four pairs ofindependent trays 42.Independent trays 42 are held in place betweenshafts 16 and 18 androllers 46 and 48 by means of lockingarm 17, described more fully hereafter.

The front view shown in FIG. 6, showsobject mover 10 in a preferred embodiment with four separate sections formed from threesupport arms 14 and four pair oftray units 32. Also shown isguide unit 58 which surroundsvertical section 26 and to which is attached to acentral support arm 14.Guide unit 58 assures smooth incremental movement up and downvertical section 26 by means of vertical lift crank 60 and security against movement at the chosen height and may be constructed in any manner known in the art to do so.

Referring now to sequential FIGS. 7 through 12,object mover 10 is shown in FIG. 7 in position next tobed 62, upon whichbed 62patient 64 is resting. FIG. 7 also shows vertical lift crank 60 which enablessupport arm 14 to be raised to the level appropriate for use withbed 62. Certainly, any appropriate substitute known in the art for the manual lift crank 60, or handle 22 for that matter, may be utilized, such as an electrical winch and so forth.

FIG. 8 illustratesobject mover 10 moved in the direction of the arrow into position onbed 62 and lowered so thatsupport arm 14 depressesbed 62 next topatient 64.Handle 60 is rotated to depressbed 62 slightly. In this position handle 22 is rotated so that counterrotatable shafts 16 and 18 are rotated to produce movement ofmovable belt 20,top surface 38 andbottom surface 40, in the direction ofarrows 34 and 36 (shown in FIG. 3). This action causes patient 64 to be gently lifted up and moved onto the upper movable belt 20 (shown in FIG. 9) as theobject mover 10 essentially crawls underneath thepatient 64.

Referring to FIG. 9, oncepatient 64 is on the uppermovable belt 20 and supported bytray units 42 andsupport arms 14, vertical lift crank 60 is utilized to raise the patient above thebed 62.

Referring to FIG. 10, it is shown that theobject mover 10, with the patient 64 supported bysupport arms 14, is now free to move to any other location. Of importance is the fact that the linen onbed 62 is not used to move thepatient 64 and may now be removed and cleaned without disturbing thepatient 64.

Referring to FIGS. 11 and 12, once the patient 64 has been treated, observed, X-rayed, or so forth,object mover 10 can be used to place thepatient 64 back on thebed 62, or at any of these previously described locations, simply by reversing the removal process. FIG. 12 shows that thesupport arms 14 is being moved overbed 62 and, once in place, by reversing the direction ofhandle 22, thepatient 64 will be lowered onto and left on thebed 62 as theobject mover 10 essentially crawls out from underneathpatient 64. This is because by reversing the direction ofhandle 22, themovable belts 20 will reverse from the direction shown in FIG. 3 and the patient 64 will be moved off of uppermovable belt 20.

Referring now to FIG. 13, the simplest embodiment of the invention is illustrated. Counterrotatable shaft 16, labeled "A" and counterrotatable shaft 18, labeled "B" are positioned directly above and below one another.Idler roller 46, labeled "C" andidler roller 48, labeled "D" are similarly positioned. Pressing belt A-C and belt B-D together createstop surface 38 andbottom surface 40. By rotatingrotatable shafts 16 and 18, or obviously,rollers 46 and 48, or simply by pushingobject mover 10 forward while the belt B-D is held in contact with abase 66, which could bebed 62, results in belt A-C rotating in the opposite direction and at the same surface speed. The result is that theobject mover 10 moves betweenobject 68, which could be patient 64, and thebase 66 without causing theobject 68 to move in any horizonal direction in relation tobase 66. Further, there is no relative movement between the surface of theobject 68 and thesurface 38 of belt A-C, or between the surface ofbase 66 and thebottom surface 40 of belt B-D. Theobject 68 is simply gently and incrementally lifted up to the height of the unit height of theobject mover 10, comprised of the pair ofrotatable shafts 16 and 18 androllers 48 and 46. It should be noted that while thetop surface 38 and thebottom surface 40 are moving in the direction of thearrows 34 and 36, i.e. both in the same direction, the interior of the two belts is moving together in the opposite direction shown byarrow 35. Simple friction caused by pressing the rollers together can cause the belts to rotate together or they could be moved by means of gears, chains, sprockets, or other means known in the art.

Referring to FIG. 14, the relative positions of the rotatable shafts and the idler rollers are shown in a configuration designed to reduce the overall height of theobject mover 10 shown in FIG. 13. FIG. 15 shows the rotatable shafts and idler rollers separated some distance so that they can accommodate and be driven by gears, chains, and sprockets, or other means known in the art.

Referring now to FIGS. 16 A and B and 17, FIG. 16A is a side view of the lowerindependent tray 42, around which Belt B-D (not shown) is placed. One of the twoside edges 70 ofindependent tray 42 is also shown. Once lowerindependent tray 42 is in place and encompassed by a movable belt 20 (not shown), it is ready to receive anupper tray 42.

Referring now to FIG. 16B, upperindependent tray 42 is shown, which is identical to lowerindependent tray 42, but turned upside down. As a result, the twoside edges 70 are also present on upperindependent tray 42 and cooperate with the lowerindependent tray 42edges 70 to provide solid contact between the two trays and, resultantly, rigidity and support to each movable belt section. Onceindependent tray 42 is wrapped in belt A-C (not shown) and is pressed into horizontal position, lockingarm 17 is lowered, thereby tensioningcounter-rotatable shaft 16 andidler rollers 46 in the horizontal position and also pressing upperindependent tray 42 against lowerindependent tray 42, as shown in the figures. Additionally, lockingarm 17 serves to hold upper belt A-C and lower belt B-D in contact with each other. As a result, the combination of rollers illustrated in FIGS. 13-14, for example, is provided in a manner that enables them to be held horizontal and to cooperate withmovable belts 20 andtray units 32 in the support ofobjects 68 and/orpatent 64. Additionally, the ability to replace worn belts and provide maintenance and repair is also thereby provided by the twopiece tray units 32.

In operation, objectmover 10 can be utilized to move any object and, in particular, objects that would be difficult for a single person to move. In the medical business, for example, the movement of patients for other treatment or to clean the bed linen, and so forth, can be accomplished by a single person usingobject mover 10. The means and method for so doing include the utilization ofsupport arms 14 connected to stand 12, thesupport arms 14 being movable in a vertical direction by means of vertical lift crank 60. Once the correct height has been determined, thestand 12 is rolled up next topatient 64 or any other object to be moved. By utilizing vertical lift crank 60, thesupport arms 14 can be used to depress thebed 62 so that the device comes in contact next to and/or slightly underneathpatient 64. At that point, handle 22 can be utilized to movemovable belts 20 in the direction ofarrows 34 and 36 in FIG. 3 so that thesupport arms 14 andtray units 32 essentially crawl underneath and gently lift the patient up and onto thetop surface 38 ofupper belts 20. At this point, the patient or object may be delivered to any location in the hospital, or elsewhere, where his/her presence is needed, or simply left there while the bed linen is changed, for example. Once the linen is changed, or the required procedure is accomplished, the patient can be deposited on thebed 62 by reversing the above-described process.

While the object mover of the present invention has been disclosed in connection with utilization with hospital patients in particular, it should be appreciated that the object mover can be used in other situations. The present invention provides an improved means and method for moving any object by a single person. The counter rotatable shafts and moveable belt combination enable a single person to move heavy objects safely and securely. Thus, the object mover of the present invention has the important advantage of providing a safe means for a single person to move heavy objects.

While the present invention has been disclosed in connection with the preferred embodiment thereof, it should be understood that there may be other embodiments which fall within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the following claims.

Claims (6)

I claim:

1. In an object moving apparatus of the type having a vertical and horizontal support stand and at least one support arm for supporting at least a pair of counter-rotating shafts in combination with at least a pair of endless belts, the endless belts attached one oft top of the other so that they are engaged in the middle by friction and so that the exposed upper surface of the upper belt and the exposed lower surface of the lower belt move in the same direction when the upper and lower belts are moved, the improvement comprising:

a) a pair of support trays, upper and lower, identical to each other and each conformed to receive an idler roller and a rotatable shaft;

b) the lower tray attached to the support arm and a lower endless belt attached over the idler roller and rotatable shaft;

c) the upper tray with an upper endless belt attached over the idler roller and rotatable shaft, inverted and placed on top of the lower tray; and

d) a lock for locking the upper tray in place on top of the lower tray, tensioning both upper and lower belts and compressing the interior portions of the upper and lower belts together, the combined upper and lower trays forming a rigid support for the exposed upper surface of the upper belt and the exposed lower surface of the lower belt and support for the object to be moved.

2. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the upper and lower trays further comprise:

a) rigid side edges that meet as the upper and lower trays are locked together so that the combination forms a rigid unified object support; and

b) axle connecting holes so that the idler rollers and rotatable shafts are movably connectable to the upper and lower trays.

3. The apparatus of claim 2 further comprising a means for moving the upper and lower endless belts at the same time.

4. The apparatus of claim 2 further comprising a pair of oppositely positioned support tubes encompassing the upper and lower support trays so that the support trays resist side-to-side motion.

5. A method for moving objects comprising the steps of:

a) construction a vertical and horizontal support stand;

b) connecting at least one support arm to the stand so that the support arm is moveable in relation to the stand;

c) providing a pair of support trays, upper and lower, that are identical to each other and wherein each is conformed to receive an idler roller and a rotatable shaft;

d) attaching the lower tray to the support arm and attaching a lower endless belt over an idler roller and rotatable shaft;

e) attaching an idler roller and rotatable shaft to the upper tray and attaching an upper endless belt over the idler roller and rotatable shaft and inverting the upper tray and placing it on top of the lower tray;

d) providing a lock and locking the upper tray in place on top of the lower tray, tensioning both upper and lower belts and compressing the interior portions of the upper and lower belts together, so that the combined upper and lower trays form a rigid support for an exposed upper surface of the upper belt and an exposed lower surface of the lower belt and provides support for the object to be moved;

e) moving the upper and lower belts so that an object to be moved is moved either onto or off of the exposed upper surface as the exposed lower surface moves under or out from under the object to be moved.

6. The method of claim 5 further comprising the steps of:

a) creating rigid side edges in the upper and lower trays that meet as the upper and lower trays are locked together so that the combination forms a rigid unified object support; and

b) providing axle connecting holes so that the idler rollers and rotatable shafts are movably connectable to the upper and lower trays.

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