US3832096A - Multitube peristaltic pump with individual programming control - Google Patents

Abstract

A multitube peristaltic pump with individual programming control has a head provided with axially offset array of rollers against which respective tubes are held by pivotal bar segments. Individual programmable controls are provided for controlling the swinging movement of the bars.

Description

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" atent 1191 Gelfand ]*Aug. 27, 1974 MUL PALTIC P 111" e INDIVIDUAL PROGG CO0 [56] 1 References Cited [75] Inventor: Daniel Gelfand, Brooklyn, NY. UNITED STATESPATENTS 3 Assigneez Bucmer Instruments Division, 3,431,864 3/1969 Jon es 417/4'77 X 3,679,331 7/1972 Ktlshnet' Nudw'chlcago cmpomt'on 3,723,030 3/1973 Gelfand 417/475 Lee, NJ. 1

[ 1 Notice: The portion of the term of this p E i c lt croyle Patent q to Mali 27, 1990, Assistant ExaminerRichard E. Gluck has been dlsclalmed- Attorney, Agent, or Firm-Karl F Ross; Herbert 221 Filed: July 19, 1972 Dubm Related Application Data A multitube peristaltic pump withindividual program- [62] Division of Ser. No. 120,644, March 3, 1971, Pat. ming control has a head provided with axially offset No. 3,72 ,030 array of rollers against which respective tubes are held i 1 by pivotal bar segments. 'Individual programmable [52] U.S. Cl 417/475, 417/412, 417/477 Controls are r id d f controlling th ingi [51] Int. Cl.F04b 43/08, F04b 45/06,F04b 43/12 movement f h bar [58] Field ofSearch 40/477, 476, 475, 474,

1 Claim, 13 Drawing Figures PATENIED 2 71974 3.8%2096 WHEN IEO 811B 2 71574 mrznra 7 i H mfm m mmw FIG. 8

FIG. 7

MULTITUBE PERISTALTIC P WITH INDIVIDUAL PROGRAMMING CONTROL This is a division of application Ser. No. 120,644, filed Mar. 3, 1971 now U.S. Pat. No. 3,723,030 of Mar. 27, 1973.

1. Field of the Invention My present invention relates to peristaltic pumps and, more particularly, to peristaltic pumps operating with a number of tubes simultaneously and using a roller rotor or head.

2. Background of the Invention A common type of peristaltic type has a rotary head (rotor, barrel or drum) provided with an annular array of angularly equispaced rollers engageable with a flexible-wall tube held along a concave surface constituting a support or pressure member.

The rollers successively and progressively collapse the walls of the tube and thereby force liquid to move along the tube in the direction of rotation of the head. The peristaltic pump has some significant advantages. For example, the liquid to be displaced never comes into contact with moving parts of the'pump so that the liquid cannot contaminate the pump or be contaminated thereby. To clean the pump, one may simply remove or replace the flexible-wall tubing. Sterility of the liquid can be maintained since the liquid system at least within the pump is closed and the liquid displacement takes place only by peristaltic action applied to the tube.

The feed rate is determined by the rotary speed of the head which is commonly connected to a variable speed motor, and by the caliber or bore-size of the tubing. When, for a given motor range, it is desired to increase the volume flow rate of the liquid, a tube of larger bore or caliber may be substituted. Conversely when it is desired to reduce the volume flow rate for a given motor speed, one merely makes use of a smaller-diameter tube.

However, conventional peristaltic pumps have various disadvantages. For example, there is the problem of creep of the tube when the latter is not held snugly against the support. Secondly, conventional systems operating on more than one tube must provide means for holding them apart so that the tubes do not interfere with one another, such means however may serve to restrict the ability of the pump to accommodate tubes of other sizes. Also, conventional roller heads and supporting members are relatively complex and expensive, are difficult to machine and cannot be replaced at low cost.

OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION It is the principal object of the present invention to provide a simplified peristaltic-pump structure which avoids the aforementioned disadvantages while retaining the advantages of a conventional peristaltic pump.

it is another object of this invention to provide a peristaltic pump which may be rapidly adjusted to receive tubing of various sizes and, moreover, is capable of operating therewith without increasing the danger of tubing deterioration or decreasing pump efficiency.

It is also an object of this invention to provide a peristaltic pump, especially a rotary head therefor, which is capable of reducing or eliminating creep of the tub- It is an object of the invention, moreover, to provide a head assembly and support structure for a peristaltic pump of increased versatility and improved efficiency.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION These objects and others which will become apparent hereinafter are attained, in accordance with one aspect of the present invention, by a revolutionary modification of the rotary head structure of a peristaltic pump.

More particularly, I have found that many of the disadvantages of earlier systems can be removed and a more efficient rotatable head for a peristaltic pump can be produced, when the latter is stacked from a plurality of readily manufactured, mass-produced and identical rotor elements each consisting of a disk provided with an annular array of angularly equispaced rollers and mounted upon a common shaft, the shafts and the disks being provided with key means enabling alignment of the disks so that either the reverse or the obverse side may face each side of an adjacent disk.

Consequently, the disks may be stacked in back-toback relationship, also referred to herein as parallel stacking, or in face-to-back or head-to-tail relationship, also described as series stacking. In the parallel-stacked relationship, the disks are separated by twice the height of the rollers and a large-bore tube can be accommodated between the confronting surfaces for engagement by the rollers spanning same. When, however, the series stacking is provided, each roller spans the space between the obverse surface of its disk and the rear or reverse surface of an adjoining disk so that smalldiameter tubing may be accommodated.

According to a more specific feature of this invention, each of the rotating-head disks may be molded from a synthetic resin integrally with the rollerjoumaling pins or may receive the pins as separate elements, each of the pins carrying a respective roller, preferably via a bearing. The pins are angularly equispaced about the periphery of the disk but inwardly of the edge thereof and the disk may have a hub portion provided with keying means, e.'g., a flat co-operating with a flat one the drive shaft. Similarly, each pressurebar segment may be molded from a synthetic resin and may be generally of crescent shape or yoke shape, with ears at each end so that each bar may be used in two positions as rotated through about an axis of symmetry of the bar in the plane thereof. A hinge pin swingably connects all of the pressure bars together and the pressure bars may be provided with individual swivel clamps.

According to another aspect of the invention, wear of the rubber tubing is reduced and creep is prevented by interposing between each section of tubing held against the pressure bar and the corresponding arc of the rotating head, a stationary or anchored band of synthetic resin material of high flexibility. Since the encircling band does not move with the disk, the rollers contact the stationary surface of the synthetic-resin band or strip which does not move significantly with respect to the tubing. Hence there is no tendency for the tubing to creep nor is there any substantial wear of the tubing resulting from contact with metal surfaces. The flexible strip may be nylon or the like and is in direct contact with the rollers and the tubing. The tubing itself does not have to be anchored and thus can be changed rapidly. The nylon strip has been found to prevent stretching and creeping as noted earlier and thus acts to prolong the life of the tube indefinitely.

DESCRIPTION OF THEDRAWING The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more readily apparent from the following description, reference being made to the accompanying drawing, in which:

FIG. 1 is a side-elevational view of a rotating segment, according to the present invention, of a roller head;

FIG. 2 is a plan view thereof;

FIG. 3 is a vertical elevational view of the rotating members in FIGS. 1 and 2 in series assembly to form a roller head for a peristaltic pump;

FIG. 4 is a lateral elevational view of a pressure-bar segment according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a plan view thereof;

FIG. 6 shows the stacked pressure-bar segments for a four-tube peristaltic pump using the head of FIG. 3;

FIG. 7 is a view similar to FIG. 3 but shows the stacking arrangement of the head as used for a tube of twice the diameter of the tube used with the head of FIG. 3;

FIG. 8 shows the parallel stacking of the pressure bar segments of FIGS. 4 and 5:,

FIG. 9 is a perspective view illustrating other features of the invention;

FIG. III is a perspective view of a strip holder accord-.

ing to the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a detailed view thereof from above;

FIG. 12 is a plane view of a device for controlling the pumping action; and

FIG. 13 is a view taken in the direction of arrow XIII in FIG. 12.

SPECIFIC DESCRIPTION with disk 2 or imbedded or fitted therein. At the center of the disk, I provide ametal insert 4 which is formed with an opening 5 chordally truncated at 6 to constitute a noncircular configuration (flat). The opening 5 is designed to receive ashaft 7 having a flat 8 designed to prevent relative rotation of the shaft and the disk when the latter is stacked thereon. As represented indotdash line 9 in FIG. 2, a roller (e.g. provided with ball bearings) is rotatably mounted on each of the pins when the stack is assembled.

In FIG. 3, I have shown a so-called series stack of the disks in which foursuch disks 10, ll, 12 and 13 are mounted upon a boss 14 of thebase plate 15 of the peristaltic pump in which theshaft 7 is joumaled. Theshaft 7 is driven by a variable speed motor diagrammab ically represented at 16. It will be apparent that the space S between the disks l0 and 11, between thedisks 11 and 12, between the disks l2 and 13 and between the disks l3 and acover plate 17 is equal to the height H of the respective rollers which are mounted upon thepins 3 mentioned earlier. Therollers 9 can be seen in FIG. 3. Hence between each pair of disks there is provided achannel 18 adapted to accommodate a smalldiameter rubber or synthetic-resin tube. Thus any number of disks may be stacked to provide a corresponding number of channels or half that number of wider channels.

In FIGS. 4 and 5, I have shown the pressure-bar segments 20 which are stacked to co-operate with the rotatinghead 19 of FIG. 3. Each of these segments has a semicircular crescent-shaped central portion 21 defined by a ledge 22 and terminating at outwardly extendingbifurcated cars 23 and 24. At either end of the crescent there is provided abore 25 or 26 adapted to receive a hinge pin as shown at 27 in FIG. 6, when the pressure bars are stacked. The ledge 22 ends in anarcuate shoulder 28 adapted to clear the disk portions 2 of the disks of the rotating head when the system is as sembled and hence has a radius of curvature R Ar as shown in FIG. 5. However, the ledge 21, which is designed to hold the tubing against the rollers, has a radius of curvature R Ar.

When the pressure-bar segments are stacked (FIG. 6), theunderside 29 of each of the pressure bars 31, 32 and 33 abuts directly theupper surface 34 of theunderlying pressure bar 30, 31 and 32, respectively. Between each pair of pressure bars there is defined increscentshaped recess 35, 36 and 37 into which the edge of thedisks 10 13 may pass without obstruction.

From FIG. 9, it will be apparent that thehead 19 is juxtaposed over a portion of its periphery with thepressure bar 40 made up of thesegments 30, 31, 32 and 33 as stacked upon the hinge pin (pintle) 27. Just as eachdisk 11, 12 or 13 is received in arecess 35, 36 or 37 between the pressurebar segments, each of the ledges 21 of the pressure-bar segments is received between a pair of disks. Respective sections ofresilient tubing 41, 42 and 43 are received within thechannels 18 between the disks and engage the ledges 21. Between the tubing and the rotatinghead 19, there are provided nylon strips 61 which are anchored at against rotation and are sufficietly flexible to permit peristaltic compression of the tubing by the rollers. Thehinge pin 27 is, of course, anchored to the support plate and the swivel clamp illustrated at 51 may be provided for each of the pressurebar segments. These swivel clamps compriseeyes 52 mounted upon arod 53 and rotatable thereon to bring ashank 54 into thenotch 55 formed by the bifurcated ear. Theshank 54 is threaded to receive a clampingnut 56 which may adjust the pressure applied to the respective tube. When the same diameter tube is used at all of the roller arrays, I may use a single swivel clamp and connect the adjustable ends of the pressure-bar segments by a rod 60 as illustrated in dot-dash lines in FIG. 9

In FIGS. 7 and 8, I show the system as it is assembled in parallel or back-to-back relationship. Thedisk 10 with its array ofrollers 9 faces thedisk 11 while thedisk 12 is back-to-back withdisk 11 and facesdisk 13. In other words, alternate disks are rotated through l about a diameter thereof and are disposed mirror-symmetrically in pairs in thedrum 69 of FIG. 7. Hence the disks 2 are mirror-symmetrical with respect to a plane P of symmetry perpendicular to the disk and through thekey formation 6 and the axis of the disk and thepins 3 are disposed mirror-symmetrically with respect to a plane of symmetry P perpendicular to plane P and through the center of the disk, the reversal of alternate disks for the parallel stacking of FIG. 7 brings the rollers of the disk pairs automatically into axial alignment. The rollers thus span a total width W to accommodate large-diameter tubes. Since large-diameter tubes require wider pressure-bar segments, thepressure bar 70 of FIG. 8 is used. In this parallel-stacked system, theunderside 29 of onesegment 30 abuts the underside of thenext overlying segment 31 which, in turn, is a faceto-face relationship with a pressure-bar segment 32, the latter being back-to-back withsegment 33. The total width w of the ledges may be slightly smaller than W so as to be accommodated with clearance between the disk members. Here again, a bar 60 may be used to couple the adjustable ends of the pressure-bar segments for joint movement.

An important feature of my present invention is the fact that the use of nylon strips, i.e., flexible but substantially nonstretchable strips, between the rollers and the elastomeric tubes, presents or severely limits venient nylon strip holder which may be used in con-- junction with the roller and backing system of FIG. 9 or any of the Figures previously discussed. This holder comprises a generally U-shaped bracket 101 which is mounted on the support plate of the pump and has a base 102 extending in the direction of theroller drum 103. Theupstanding arms 104 and 105 of this bracket haveflanks 106 and 107 converging inwardly and rearwardly toward a pair ofparallel flanks 108 and 109 of aclamping block 110. The latter is secured to thebase 102 and to the support plate of the pump. Along the rear surface of theblock 110, I attach, via screws 111, a comb-shapedleaf spring 112 having acentral web 113 and outwardly extending arrays offingers 114 reaching toward thearms 104 and 105, respectively, and spaced from theparallel flanks 115 and 116 thereof by a distance which is less than the distance d betweenflanks 116 and 109 andflanks 115 and 108. When the nylon strip 61 is drawn through thegap 117 or 118 between these pairs of flanks, thefingers 114 are merely deflected rearwardly (FIG. 11) and clamp the nylon strip. To release the nylon strip, it is merely necessary to deflect eachfinger 114 outwardly and withdraw the strip. As can be seen in FIG. 10, the fingers correspond in width to the strips which are received in the roller channels for small-diameter tubing. When, however, a channel of double width is created, (FIG. 7) a wider nylon strip such as that shown at 61' is used and is gripped by a pair offingers 114. Themember 112 is composed of spring stainless steel whilemembers 110 and 102 may be die cast from a metal or composed of a synthetic resin.

Another feature of the present invention resides in the use of the pivotal backing or pressure bar members to control the pumping action or select the pumping tubes which are to be affected. In accordance with these principles, each of the pressure-bar segments is swingably mounted on the pivot 127 as noted previously, the pressure-bar segments 130 being of the type illustrated in FIGS. 4 to 6 and 8. However, instead of clamping devices as shown at 51, the free ends of eachpressure bar 130 are connected by ascrew 131 and a millednut 132 to alever 133 individual to that pressure bar. In the position of thelever 133 illustrated in FIG. 12, thescrew 132 may be rotated to establish the desired pumping pressure upon thetube 129 which is received in the channel between the pumpinghead 128 and thepressure bar 130. In this embodiment, nylon strips (not shown) are also used.

Thelever 133 is fulcrumed at 134 to the pump support (e.g. base 15) and is connected at its other end to atoggle linkage 135. Asolenoid 136 has aplunger 137 spring biased in the direction ofarrow 138 and, therefore, normally holds the pressure-bar segment array from its tube and prevents pumping operation. The toggle comprises a pair of articulatedarms 139, 140 which are connected at their hinge 14l to theplunger 137 of the solenoid. Consequently, when the plunger is retracted, thepressure bar segment 130 is swung in the clockwise sense and thetube 129 is engaged. Pumping therefore commences.

To prevent'backflow of liquid through the tube, I provide a pinch clamp which is actuated by the solenoid. The pinch clamp comprises achannel 142 through which thetube 129 extends, the open side of the channel being provided with afinger 143 hinged at 144 to the channel and provided with aprojection 145 which pinches the tubing when thefree end 146 of the finger is shifted by the toggle.

Thesolenoids 136 can be controlled by individual or collective timers 147 to program the supply of liquid and block such supply as may be required.

I claim:

1. A peristaltic pump comprising a rotatable head having a plurality of axially offset planar arrays of circumferentially spaced rollers jointly rotatable about a common axis; a respective arcuate pressure-bar segment extending over a portion of each array of supporting a length of tubing thereagainst upon rotation of said head; a common support for all of said pressure-bar segments and means for pivotally mounting each of said pressure-bar segments on said support for swinging movement about an axis parallel to that of said head but offset therefrom, means for rotating said head; and respective control means individual to said pressurebar segments for individually and independently swinging same about its pivotal axis to control the displacement of fluidthrough the respective tubing, said head comprisingrespective circular disks disposed between said arrays of rollers, said rollers being angularly equispaced about the respective disks and rotatably journaled thereon about axes parallel to the axis of rotation of said head, said rollers of each disk being located along one side thereof, said head including keying means for positioning said disks selectively with the rollers in contact and in an axially aligned relationship to define relatively wide tube-receiving channels between the disks and with nonroller sides in contact with the roller arrays of adjoining disks defining relatively narrow tube-receiving channels.

Claims (1)

1. A peristaltic pump comprising a rotatable head having a plurality of axially offset planar arrays of circumferentially spaced rollers jointly rotatable about a common axis; a respective arcuate pressure-bar segment extending over a portion of each array of supporting a length of tubing thereagainst upon rotation of said head; a common support for all of said pressurebar segments and means for pivotally mounting each of said pressure-bar segments on said support for swinging movement about an axis parallel to that of said head but offset therefrom; means for rotating said head; and respective control means individual to said pressure-bar segments for individually and independently swinging same about its pivotal axis to control the displacement of fluid through the respective tubing, said head comprising respective circular disks disposed between said arrays of rollers, said rollers being angularly equispaced about the respective disks and rotatably journaled thereon about axes parallel to the axis of rotation of said head, said rollers of each disk being located along one side thereof, said head including keying means for positioning said disks selectively with the rollers in contact and in an axially aligned relationship to define relatively wide tube-receiving channels between the disks and with nonroller sides in contact with the roller arrays of adjoining disks defining relatively narrow tubereceiving channels.

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