US3543755A - Ampule for hypodermic syringes - Google Patents

Description

United States Patent [72] lnventor John Delbert Kessel 2,554,744 5/1951 Jorgensen ...128/218(.1)UX Camarlllo, California 2,668,535 2/1954 .lorgensen ..128/218(P)UX [21] Appl. No 681,682 2,895,773 7/1959 McConnaughey ..,........128/218(P)UX [22] Filed Nov/.9, 1967 2,907,330 10/1959 Laub ..l28/218(P)UX [45] Patented Dee. 1,1970 3,295,525 1/1967 Everset a1. ...128/2l8(P)UX [73] Assignee Dale V. Bell 3,340,872 9/1967 Cox ...128/2l8(.1)UX Camar11lo,Cnl1lorn1a 2,396,035 3/1946 Billing et al.... 220/245 a part interest 3,244,308 4/1966 Esposito 215/52 Primary Examiner-Dalton 1.. Truluclt s4 1 AMPULE ron HYPODERMIC SYRINGES 1 Clalrn, 6 Drawing Figs.

138/3181 3 |5/53 ABSTRACT: An ampule for hypodermic syringes having a [5 It. A611 1/06; diaphragm a one cud m be one end of a double- A611" 5/24 ended hypodermic needle and having a novel combination ofSearch pigknpplugdiaph agm unit a he other end whc 'cby aspira- 218(P). 218.1, 272; 206/43; 215/52; 220/ tion can be easily performed during the administration of an injection by deflecting the diaphragm portion of said unit by [56] References Cited pressing on the syringe plunger and then releasing the pressure UNITED STATES PATENTS so that the diaphragm portion returns to its relaxed position 2,526,365 10/1950 Jorgensen ..J28/218(.1)UX

without endwise outward movement of the entire unit.

that" I l AMPULE FOR HYPODERMIC SYRINGES The present invention relates to an improved ampoule for hypodermic syringes whereby aspiration can be easily performedduring the administration of an injection.

After a hypodermic needle has been inserted to what is believed to be the proper location,'aspiration is preferred before commencingthe injection to make it possible to visually determine by the presence or absence of blood in the aspirated body fluid whether or not a blood vessel has been unintentionally entered. This is particularly important if the medicant may have deleterious effects if injected directly into a vein.

The conventional ampoule for hypodermic syringescomprises a glass tube closed at one end with a resilient diaphragm which is pierced by a double-ended needle in preparation for injection and is closed at the other end with a plug which is pushed as a piston toward the diaphragm by the syringe plunger during injection to eject the solution stored in the ampoule This type of ampoule is disclosed in US. Pat. Nos. 1,661,818 and 1,783,956. To aspirate with a syringe loaded with such an ampoule the ampoule plug must be moved in a reverse direction from its normal travel to draw a suction on the cannula by pulling outwardly on the plunger as by the operator wiggling his thumb in a thumb ring provided at the outer end of the plunger, but this is impossible to accomplish without changing position of the needle; Also, it requires that the plunger be fixed to the plug as by screwing or forcing the plunger into the outer end of the plugafter the ampoule has been loaded into the syringe. This causes various difficulties fromtime to time including breaking of ampoule tubes.

As indicated in US. Pat. No. 1,661,818 it is also preferred that at the close of the injection stroke of the piston plug the inner end of the needle pass into the plug to close off the needie during withdrawal thereof from the patient. Further, the ampoule after being charged .with the medicant, should be substantially free' of air between its closed ends because entrapped air absorbs, by compression of the aspirating movement.

This invention aims to provide an improved ampoule of unusually simple and economical construction by which aspiration can be performed without encountering the described difficulties and without need of modifying the basic mechanism of the standard syringes or sacrificing present performance preferences or desirable characteristics. This is accomplished by modifying the ampoule piston plug so that it also becomes a diaphragm, the diaphragm 'role being assumed during aspiration and the piston role during injection. No other change in the ampoule is required.

In the accompanying drawings:

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a standard syringe loaded with an ampoule and fitted with a needle preparatory -to an i'njection;

FIG. 2 is a fragmentary enlarged longitudinal sectional view through the syringe and ampoule;

FIG. 3 is a fragmentary sectional view showing the combination piston-plug diaphragm of the ampoule at the end of the injection stroke;

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the piston-plug diaphragm unit;

FIG. 5 is a fragmentary longitudinal sectional view illustrating a modified piston-plug diaphragm unit in the ampoule; and

FIG. 6 is a fragmentary sectional view showing the combination plug-diaphragm unit during the injection stroke. a

Referring to the drawing, 11 and 12 designate the barrel and plunger of astandard syringe 10. Thehead 13 of the barrel is pivoted at 14 to swing away from the top of the barrel proper as indicated in FIG. 1 to give access for loading and unloading the arnpoules and is locked in alinement by a"sleeve 15 slidably mounted on the plunger. A double-armedfinger grip member 16 is swiveled on the barrel head and a complementingthumb button 17 ora' thumb ring, is fixed to the outer end of theplunger 12. Opposite sides of the barrel 11 haveelongated cutouts 18 for viewing the contained ampoule during. operation of the syringe, and at its foot the barrel has anipple 19. l

As isstandardfthe ampoule 20 of the present invention comprises atransparent glass tube 21 having arubber diaphragm 22 at its lower end. This diaphragm may be held in place byaretainer cap 23 which exposes the center portion of the diap ragm and is crimped in an annular groove around aneck 24 formed on the tube. Thediaphragm 22 is adapted to be pierced by one end of the double-ended needle 25 of a conventional disposablehypodermic cannula unit 26. Such a unit has anintermediate cap 27 fixed over the needle and adapted to fit into thenipple 19 at the end of the syringe.

At its other end theampoule tube 21 has a combination plug and diaphragm unit which may be molded or otherwise formed from a suitable thermoplastic elastomer such, for example, as natural or synthetic rubber, or a butadiene-styrene copolymer of the type marketed by the Shell Chemical Company, Synthetic Rubber, Division, 113 West 52nd.St., New York, New York, under the trademark Pharos 104." Twoembodiments 28 and 28' of this combination unit are illustrated. Both have acylindrical body 29 formed with outerannular sealing ribs 30,31 and 32 spaced axially therealong, and each is closed at its inner end by anintegral diaphragm portion 33. The ribs 30-32 have an outside diameter when relaxed slightly. greater than the inside diameter of thetube 21 so that after the plug-diaphragm unit has been forced axially into the upper end of the tube, it will seal the tube even while it is being moved as 'a piston along the tube by action of thesyringe plunger 12.

In thefirst embodiment 28 anaxial stem 34 extends integrallyfrom thediaphragm 33 through the center of thebody 29 and projects endwise beyond the body. The diameter of thestem 34 is-smallcr than the inside diameter of thebody 29 so that there is anannular gap 35 between the stem and the body when the stem is relaxed in extended position. This gap is sufficient, to maintain clearance between thestem 34 and thebody 29 even when the stem is compressed to tension the diaphragm.

To prepare for use of the ampoule thecannula 26 is positionedonthe syringe 10 by screwing thecap 27 onto the nippic 19, thereby anchoring the cannula to the syringe with one end of theneedle 25 projecting into the lower end of the barrel 11; Thehead 13 of the barrel is released by pulling out theplunger 12 and sleeve '15 and is swung outwardly on itspivots 14 to expose theupper end of the barrel chamber for loading of the ampoule After the ampoule has been inserted with itsdiaphragm 22 facing the cannula and seated to puncture the diaphragm byv the needle, thehead 13 of the barrel is swung back into operative position and locked by lowering thesleeve 15 therein. Theplunger 12 is then pressed inwardly by thumb to permit thetensioned diaphragm portion 33 to return to its relaxed normal position. This outward movement of the diaphragm portion to its relaxed position pulls a suction on the inside of thetube 21 and thereby gives an aspirating action drawing body fluid through the needle into view in the tube so that if the needle has penetrated a vein, blood will appear, thus indicating that the needle should be withdrawn and inserted in a different spot. When the aspirating has been completed injection is accomplished in the usual manner by pressing down on the plunger so that it seats on the top of thebody 29 thereby causing the plug-diaphragm unit 28 to function as a piston and force the fluid from the ampoule while maintaining a seal at the plunger end. Aspirating may be repeated intermittently during injectiom At the .end of its ejection stroke the unit28 engages theshoulder 36 provided at the inner end of thetube neck 24, and

at this point itis preferred that the dimensions be such that the inner end of theneedle 25 is pressed into the diaphragm porsubsequent withdrawal of the needlefrom the patient.

The second embodiment 28 o of the plug-diaphragm unit shown in FIG. 5, varies from the first in that thestem 34 on the unit is eliminated and instead, theplunger 12 of the syringe is modified to provide itshead 40 with a stern extension 41. The latter, like thestem 34, is smaller in diameter than the bore of thebody 29 and is longer than the bore. By this arrangement the free end of the stem 41 on the plunger will engage and deflects thediaphragm portion 43 before thehead 40 reaches the outer'face of the body 29' of theunit 28 and thereupon prevents further such deflection. Aspiration can then be accomplished as before, and thereafier the unit 28' serves as a piston in the usual manner.

Although the invention has been described for purposes of illustration applied to reusable syringes; it will be understood guage fairly admits.

lclaim:

1. An ampoule for hypodermic syringes comprising, a rigid tube having a substantially uniform bore through most of its length commencing at one of its ends, sealing means for sealing the other end of said tube and including a diaphragm, a combination piston plug-diaphragm unit of elastomcric material forced into said tube from said one end thereof and adapted to be pushed by a plunger, free of connection to said unit, through said tube to said needle in an injection stroke to expel the contents of the tube through the needle while said sealing means and unit confine such contents, said unit comprising a plug with an integral diaphragm at its inner end, a central bore in the plug leading from the outer end of the plug to said integral diaphragm, an axial stern extending outwardly through said bore beyond said plug integral with the integral diaphragm and smaller in diameter than said axial bore.

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