US3512653A - Support for loading pallets and the like - Google Patents

Description

May 19, 1970 P. ERISMANN v SUPPORT FOR'LOADING PALLETS AND THE LIKE Filed Feb. 9, 1963 2 Sheets-Shet 1 Fig. 2

0A NAVY Fig. 4

Fig.3

INVENTOR: Paul Er/Zsmann BY mdmtk PM.

May 19, 1970 P. ERISMANN SUPPORT FOR LOADING PALLETS AND THE LIKE 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Feb. 9, 1968 INVENTOR: Paul 'rbmemv BY mm M HM.

3,512,653 SUPPORT FOR LOADING PALLETS AND THE LIKE Paul Erismann, 4 Alpenquai, Lucerne, Switzerland Filed Feb. 9, 1968, Ser. No. 704,329 Int. Cl. A47f 5/10 US. Cl. 211-176 4 Claims ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE A support for loading pallets and the like wherein a plurality of vertical columns are provided each having spaced catch-recesses therein. Shelf supports having a plurality of horizontally arranged suspension pins are mounted vertically adjustable in the catch recesses. The pins have a head and the catch recesses for accommodating the suspension pins each have the form of a vertically extending slot with a widened upper end portion for the insertion of said head and at the bottom thereof an extension narrower than the diameter of a suspension pin so that at the points of transition from said slot accommodating said suspension pin to said narrower extension two shoulders are formed spaced horizontally apart for supporting laterally free from play the suspension pin. Means are provided for locking the supports against accidental displacement.

This invention relates to a frame with vertical hollow columns and with vertically adjustable shelf supports fitted to catch-recesses in the hollow columns, having a multiplicity of suspension pins arranged horizontally and each provided with a head, the catch-recesses for accommodating the suspension pins each having the form of a vertically extending slot with a widened upper end for inserting the head of the suspension pin. The frame may be primarily intended for storing goods of different kinds; in particular it is designed for the application of loading pallets, on which the goods to be stored can be stacked.

The frame in accordance with the invention differs es sentially from known frames of a similar kind and used for the same purposes, in that each catch-recess has at the bottom an extension which is narrower than the diameter of the suspension pin, so that at the point of transition from the slot accommodating the suspension pin to the narrowed extension, there are formed two shoulders, spaced apart horizontally, for lateral support without play of the inserted suspension pin.

The suspension pin may advantageously be formed cylindrical at least in its lower half, and the said shoulders may be made sloping inwards and downwards, while the contour of the shoulders may advantageously extend along two portions of a semicircle whose diameter corresponds to the width of the slot. In order to be able to carry out the suspension and release of the shelf supports without difficulty, the width of the slot accommodating the suspension pins is preferably made considerably larger than the diameter of the suspension pin, while the width of the narrowed extension at the top may be less than half the diameter of the suspension pin.

In order to facilitate the lifting of the shelf supports United States Patent 0 "ice from the catch-recesses, in a preferred embodiment the uppermost point of the periphery of the head of each suspension pin is arranged at not more than the height level of the uppermost geometrical envelope line of the relevant suspension pin. With this arrangement the shelf supports to be released can be lifted till the suspension pins abut against the upper end of the catch-recesses and then can be released from the frame columns, without any interference from the heads of the suspension pins.

In a particularly advantageous form of embodiment of the frame in accordance with the invention the shelf supports each have two spars extending horizontally and parallel to one another, each fixed at the ends with a vertical angle member |whose arms straddle the appropriate column. There may be accommodated on an arm of each angle member two or more suspension pins extending at right angles to the longitudinal direction of the shelf support spar, superimposed at a distance apart from one another, in such a way that they project into the space bounded by the two arms of the angle member and can engage in two different catch-recesses of the column. In this way there is obtained a satisfactory, stable and play-free connection between the columns and the shelf support spars, so that it is only necessary to connect the columns present at the two ends of the spar in pairs by additional connecting stays, which extend transversely to the longitudinal direction of the spar.

This invention also provides a form of embodiment of the frame described, in which an effective security is obtained against accidental lifting up of the shelf supports and consequent lifting off of the suspension pins, in a very simple manner.

The measures provided for obtaining the said security consist in accordance with the invention in that at each arm of each angle member which has one or more suspension pins, at least one perforation is provided, the uppermost edge part of which has at least approximately the same position as the uppermost edge part of one of the catch-recesses of the column, and that a locking member releasable by the perforation of the angle member and by the catch-recess just mentioned, is inserted in order to secure the angle member against being lifted up and hence the suspension pin being accidentally lifted off.

The locking member may advantageously have on the outside of the relevant arm of the angle member a handgrip portion hanging downwards in the rest position, and at the inner end in the hollow space of the column an upwardly directed projection gripping behind the uppermost edge part of the relevant catch-recess. Here the part of the locking member passing through the perforation of the angle member and through the catch-recess of the column may be a pin or bolt of circular section, the said bolt being rotatable round its longitudinal axis in the perforation of the angle member and the said perforation having a slot type extension, through which the projection at the inner end of the locking member can pass,- after it has been brought into a suitable position by the rotation of the bolt by means of the hand-grip part, the said position being other than a position directed upwards.

Other objects and details of the invention will appear from the claims, from the detailed description which now follows, and from the attached drawings, which represent the invention partly diagrammatically and purely by way 3 of example. Two examples of embodiment of the frame in accordance with the invention and a partial variant will be described in more detail below with reference to the drawings, so as to make the features of the invention, further details, and the advantages thereof, clear to the person skilled in the art.

FIG. 1 shows a part of a first example of embodiment of the frame in accordance with the invention in side elevation;

FIG. 2 represents the same frame in a front view, seen from the right in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 shows on a larger scale a detail of FIG. 2, that is to say one of the columns and the end part of a shelf support spar arranged thereon vertically adjustable;

FIG. 4 is a horizontal section along the line IVIV in FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a vertical section along the line VV in FIG. 4, on a larger scale;

FIG. 6 shows a cross-section along the line VIVI in FIG. 5 through an individual suspension pin, which is in engagement with a catch-recess of the column;

FIG. 7 shows a similar cross-section through a variant embodiment of the suspension pin;

FIG. 8 is a similar representation to FIG. 3 of a second example of embodiment of the frame in accordance with the invention, differing from the first example by measures and means for securing the shelf support spar against accidental release from the column;

FIG. 9 is a vertical section along the line IXIX in FIG. 8;

FIG. 10 shows the locking member serving for the securing, in its position visible in FIG. 9, but on a larger scale;

FIG. 11 is a view of the locking member seen from the left in FIG. 10;

FIG. 12 is a representation similar to FIG. 8, but on a larger scale, of part of the angle member with the perforation for inserting the locking member in accordance with FIGS. 10 and 11.

The frame, only diagrammatically represented in FIGS. 1 and 2, has a number ofvertical columns 11 which are interconnected in pairs by horizontaltransverse stays 12 and crossedstays 13, as shown in FIG. 1. In the front view in FIG. 2 there can be seen only the front one of each pair ofcolumns 11 interconnected by thetransverse stays 12 and 13, the rear one being hidden by the said front one. Thefront columns 11 of two successive pairs of columns are interconnected by a multiplicity of horizontal shelf support spars 14. In exactly the same way therear columns 11, not visible in FIG. 2, are interconnected by horizontal shelf support spars. The front andrear spars 14 are located in each case at the same height level, and together form a shelf support for applying loading pallets on. In this case a direct transverse connection between thespars 14 on each shelf support is superfluous. Depending on the purpose for which the frame is intended, however, thespars 14 of each shelf support may nevertheless be interconnected by plates, gratings, transverse supports and so on.

Theshelf support spars 14 are releasably connected with thecolumns 11 and are vertically adjustable. The following means and measures are provided for this purpose.

Thecolumns 11 are made hollow in known manner and in the example of embodiment represented are of U- shaped cross-section with two longitudinal bent corners, as can be seen in FIG. 4. The web or end face surface lying opposite the open side of eachcolumn 11, is provided with two adjacent rows of catch-recesses 15 (FIGS. 3, 4 and 7), each having the form of a vertically extendingslot 15a with a widened circularupper end part 15b. At the bottom each catch-recess 15 has an extension 150, narrower than theslot 15a; in the example represented it is semi-circular. At the point of transition between theslot 15a and thenarrower extension 15c twoshoulders 15d are formed, sloping inwards and downwards.

As clearly shown by FIGS. 3 and 7, the contour of the theshoulders 15d extends along two arcs of a semi-circle, whose diameter corresponds to the width of theslot 15a. The width of the narrow extension at the top, that is to say at the point where it joins theshoulders 15d, is rather less than half the width of theslot 15a. The diameter of the widenedcircular end part 15b is about twice the width of theslot 15a. The successive catch-recesses of each vertical row are all the same distance apart. Horizontally, the catch-recesses 15 are each at a considerable distance from the longitudinally-extending bend corners of theappropriate column 11.

Each of theshelf support spars 14 is fixed at each of its ends to anangle member 16 extending vertically. Thespar 14 is here at right angles to one arm of theangle member 16, while the other arm extending parallel to the longitudinal direction of thespar 14 projects beyond the relevant end of the spar. Theangle members 16 are intended here to be placed outwardly straddling thecolumns 11, the second-mentioned arm partly gripping over the web or end face surface (provided with catch-recesses 15) of thecolumns 11, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4. There are welded to the last-mentioned arms twocylindrical suspension pins 17, spaced apart one above the other, the longitudinal axes of which extend horizontally and at right angles to the longitudinal direction of therelevant spar 14. Thesuspension pins 17 project into the space bounded by the two arms of therelevant angle member 16 and each have a plate-shaped head 18.

The diameter of thehead 18 is less than that of thewidened end part 15b of each catch-recess 15, but greater than the width of theslot 15a, Which in turn is very considerably, e.g. 5 to 10%, greater than the diameter of the shank of thesuspension pin 17. In order to facilitate the insertion of thehead 18 in thewidened end part 15b, the periphery of thehead 18 is made frusto-conical. The distance of thehead 18 from the arm (of the angle member 16) supporting therelevant suspension pin 17, is slightly greater than the wall thickness of thecolumns 11. FIGS. 5 and 6 show that thesuspension pin 17 and the associatedhead 18 are arranged eccentrically in relation to one another, so that the uppermost point of the periphery of thehead 18 is at the same height level as the uppermost geometrical envelope line of thesuspension pin 17.

The axes of the suspension pins 17 fixed to thesame angle member 16 are at a distance apart which is a wholenumber multiple of the distance apart from one another of corresponding points of the verticallysuccessive catchrecesses 15. In the preferred example of embodiment represented the center distances of the suspension pins 17 is such that they can be inserted and suspended in onecatchrecess 15 and the next one above, as shown in FIG. 3. If desired, the two suspension pins 17 may, however, also be at a greater distance apart, so that they jump, not just over one catch-recess 15, but over two or more. Similarly, if requisite, more than two suspension pins 17 can be accommodated in superimposition at eachangle member 16.

When the shelf support spars 14 are correctly applied to thecolumns 11 and particularly when they are supporting a load, the cylindrical lower peripheral part of eachsuspension pin 17 is applied free from lateral play on the twoshoulders 15d of the relevant catch-recess 15. As, that is to say, the twoshoulders 15d of each catchrecess 15 are at a distance apart from one another horizontally, the suspension pins 15 are not merely supported in the vertical direction, but are also secured against horizontal movement in the longitudinal direction of thespars 14, and indeed all the more so the greater the load resting on thespars 14. This security against horizontal movement is due to theshoulders 15d, without the suspension pins 17 being applied against the vertically extending flanks of the slot 150. The suspension pins 17 are therefore not clamped fast in the catch-recesses 15, so that it is easy to lift up thepins 17 at any time for the purpose of adjusting the height of thespars 14, since all that is necessary is to lift first one end and then the other end of each spar, until theheads 18 of the relevant suspension pins 17 can be moved out of the widenedupper end part 15b of the catch-recesses 15. This is facilitated by the eccentric arrangement of thehead 18 of eachsuspension pin 17, as after the upward movement of thesuspension pin 17 until it abuts against the upper end f the catch-recess 15, thehead 18 cannot grip round the upper edge of the widened end part b. As the width of theslot 15a of each catch-recess 15 is considerably greater than the diameter of thesuspension pin 17, the two ends of thespar 17 to be adjusted need not be simultaneously raised by the same amount. It is possible to lift up or suspend the two ends of eachspar 14 in succession and independently of one another.

When at least two or more shelf support spars 14 are inserted, the frame described is very stable and completely free from wobble. Thanks to the support free from lateral play, described above, of eachsuspension pin 17 on the two associatedshoulders 15d of the relevant catch-recess 15, thecolumns 11 are held firm by the shelf support spars 14. The fact that each end of thespar 14 is connected by means of two suspension pins arranged at a considerable vertical distance apart, with theadjacent column 11, adds considerably to, the strength of the frame, since the application, free from lateral play, of each of these suspension pins on twoshoulders 15d prevents any deviation of the column from the vertical, as long as the suspension pins are applied on the said shoulders. This is ensured all the more in proportion as the load on the shelf supports increases. The satisfactory connection described between thecolumns 11 and the shelf support spars 14 is therefore obtained by a locking action and becomes all the better as the load on the shelf supports is increased.

It might perhaps be thought that an extraordinarily high degree of precision is required for the formation of the catch-recesses and the suspension pins, and also for their arrangement, in order to be always able to obtain the simultaneous application of all four or more suspension pins of each shelf support spar on the associatedshoulders 15d of the catch-recesses 15. This, however, is not so. First of all it must be remembered that the frame is still stable even when it might happen that only onesingle suspension pin 17 were acting as a support at each end of thespar 14. If then the shelf supports were heavily loaded it could happen that theshoulders 15d carrying onesuspension pin 17 yielded slightly under the load, but this would only mean that they would adapt themselves better to the shape of therelevant pin 17 and then finally thesecond suspension pin 17 of thesame angle member 16 would also come to rest on the shoulders assigned for this purpose of the relevant catch-recess 15.

A further advantage of the frame described which may be mentioned is that theangle member 16 and the two.

or more suspension pins 17 fixed to it oppose any bending of the middle part of eachshelf support spar 14, because the upper suspension pins 17 prevent the upper end of therelevant angle member 16 from moving away from theadjacent column 11, i.e. in FIG. 3 moving to the right, which would cause thespar 14 to bend. On the other hand the suspension pins 17 and theangle members 16 prevent any bending of thecolumns 11, if theshelf support spar 14 should nevertheless ever bend downwards under too heavy a load. Thanks to the particularupper pin 17 concerned thecolumn 11 is then, in 'fact, drawn inwards, i.e. in FIG. 3 to the right, but simultaneously the particularlower suspension pin 17 concerned then forces therelevant column 11 outwards to approximately the same extent, i.e., in FIG. 3 to the left, so that practically no noticeable deflection of thecolumn 11 out of the vertical takes place. The tensile and bend strength of thecolumns 11 is furthermore hardly affected deleteriously by the catch-recesses 15 at all, as all these catch-recesses are arranged at a distance from the longitudinal edges of the columns, so that they do not involve any interruptions or other weakenings in the strength of the important longitudinal edge parts.

If the U-section of thecolumns 11 represented should for some purposes of application, not ensure sufficient strength, the saidcolumns 11 may be given a C-section, i.e. the free ends of the flanges of the U-section in FIG. 4 are each bent over further in relation to one another. The columns then have four longitudinal corners each.

As each column has two rows of catch-recesses 15 and theangle members 16 in each case when fixed to the columns leave the second row of catch-recesses completely free, as shown in FIG. 3, shelf support spars 14 can be fitted on the right and on the left of the same column and at the same height or at different height levels (FIG. 2).

As thefront columns 11 visible in FIG. 2, and also the corresponding rear columns of the frame, do not have to be connected by cross-ties in order to give the frame the requisite stability, all the shelf supports are readily accessible both from the front and also from the back, if the frame is standing by itself in a clear space. On the other hand, it is possible to arrange the front andrear columns 11 of each pair of columns in like manner, so that the web or end face surfaces provided withcatchrecesses 15 are always turned to the front and consequently both the front and also the rear shelf support spars 14 can be fitted from the front, i.e. in FIGURE 1 from the right, and can be removed from the front.

If requisite the suspension pins may have the form represented in FIGURE 7, where acylindrical portion 17a is arranged so axially with thehead 18. At its side facing upwards thecylindrical portion 17a is, however, provided with abeading 19, extending at least to the uppermost point of the periphery of thehead 18. Thebeading 19 can, if desired, be produced merely by applying material by welding or hard soldering. Its duty is to prevent, during an upward movement of the suspension pin, thehead 18 from being able to grip behind the upper edge of thewidened end part 15b of the catch-recess 15, if it is desired to lift up the pin out of the catch-recess.

When loading the frame described or removing loads from it, by means of mechanical conveying devices, such as fork lift stackers for instance, the danger occurs in some circumstances of a shelf support spar being unintentionally raised and the suspension pins at one end or both ends of the spar being lifted out of the catchrecesses of the columns. This may cause an upset of the articles stored on the shelf supports concerned and possibly also of the suspended shelf support spar, which might result in material losses and physical injuries. In order to avoid this the following measures are adopted in the second example of embodiment of the frame in accordance with the invention as in FIGS. 8 to 12.

Each of theangle members 16 has in each arm, which is provided with the suspension pins 17, twoequal perforations 20 and 20' (FIGS. 8, 9 and 12), one of which is arranged in such a way that its uppermost edge part has at least approximately the same position as the uppermost edge part of a catch-recess 15 of thecolumn 11. This is the case in the example of embodiment represented with theupper perforation 20. The lower perforation 20' could incidentally be omitted; its purpose will be explained later.

A lockingmember 21 is inserted through the saidupper perforation 20 and through. the catch-recess 15 lying below this. The latter has a hand-grip part 22 hanging downwards on the outside of theangle member 16, a pin or bolt 23 passing through theperforation 20 and the catch-recess 15 and aprojection 24 projecting upwards at the inner end of the same, which grips behind 7 the uppermost edge patr of the catch-recess 15. Thehandgrip part 22 and thebolt 23 consist of a single bar type piece of material of circular cross-section, which is bent through 90 between the said parts. Theprojection 24 is formed by a pin inserted radially in thebolt 23.

Theperforation 20 consists of acircular bore 20a corresponding to the cross-section of thebolt 23 and a slot type extension 2012, which is arranged radially to thebore 20a and extends horizontally. The slot type extension 2012 is given such dimensions that theprojection 24 can pass through it, when the said projection has been brought out of its upwardly pointing direction into a horizontal position by an appropriate rotation of the lockingmember 21, in which horizontal position the hand-grip part 22 assumes the position indicated in chain line in FIG. 8. The cylindrical peripheral surface of thebore 20a forms a bearing for the rotatable support of thebolt 23.

When the lockingmember 21 is inserted as shown in solid line in FIG. 8 and in accordance with FIG. 9, the hand-grip part 22 automatically hangs vertically downwards under the influence of gravity, while theprojection 24 simultaneously projects vertically upwards. As the projection thereby engages behind the uppermost edge part of the relevant catch-recess in the hollow space of thecolumn 11, the locking member is secured against slipping out of the said catch-recess 15 and out of theperforation 20. In this position the lockingmember 21 simultaneously secures theangle member 16 against any movement upwards, so that any lifting up of thesuspension pin 17 out of the catch-recess 15 assigned to its of thecolumn 11 is prevented.

If it is desired to release theangle member 16 and thepins 17 from the said securing action against lifting, thehandle 22 is gripped and swivelled in the direction of the arrow P in FIG. 8, into the position shown in chain line, by which thebolt 23 is rotated round its longitudinal axis. This brings theprojection 24 exactly behind theslot 20b of theperforation 20, so that thebolt 23 can be drawn out of this perforation. Now theangle member 17 can be raised and released by lifting thepipes 17 from the associated catch-recess 15 of thecolumn 11.

In order to render the securing action operative again after the application of theangle member 16 and the suspension of thepins 17, the reverse is done. With thehandle 22 in the horizontal position the lockingmember 21 is inserted in theconjugate perforation 20 and through the catch-recess 15 lying behind this. Thehandle 22 is then released, on which under the influence of gravity it automatically assumes its rest position hanging downwards, and thereby theprojection 24 engages behind the uppermost edge part of therelevant recess 15.

The means and measures described for securing theangle member 16 to thecolumn 11 are simple in construction and therefore very effective. Furthermore the lockingmember 21 is simple to use, and the easilyvisible handle 22 means that the position in which the locking member is placed can be identified even from a considerable distance, and it can be checked that it is in its correct position on the inside for ensuring security.

The second perforation 20' (the lower one in FIGS. 8 and 9) in theangle member 16, serves to accommodate thebolt 23 of the lockingmember 21 in the case when the right and left ends of the particularshelf support spar 14 have exchanged places. This then means that in suspending thepins 17 on thecolumn 11 the second perforation 20' comes into position in front of one catch-recess 15 in such a way that the uppermost edge parts of the perforation and of therelevant catchrecess 15 have at least nearly the same position, so that even in this case security can be obtained by means of the lockingmember 21 in the manner described above.

If requisite theperforation 20 in theangle member 16 could also be arranged in such a way that the lockingmember 21 inserted through it comes into engagement with the same catch-recess 15 in which asuspension pin 17 also engages. This could be the case for instance with the catch-recess 15 in FIGS. -8 and 9 accommodating thelower suspension pin 17.

I claim:

1. A support for loading pallets and the like comprising a frame having a plurality of vertical columns each having spaced catch-recess therein, vertically adjustable shelf supports mounted in said catch recesses, a plurality of horizontally arranged suspension pins cylindrical in their lower halves on each of said shelf supports, each of said pins having a head, each of said catch recesses for accommodating said suspension pins having a vertically extending slot with a widened upper end portion for the insertion of said head and at the bottom of said slot an extension thereof narrower than the diameter of a suspension pin so that at the points of transition from said slot accommodating a suspension pin to said narrower extension two concave curved shoulders sloping inwardly and downwardly are formed spaced horizontally apart for supporting laterally free from play said suspension pin, the contour of said shoulders extending along two arcs of a semicircle having a diameter corresponding to the width of said slot, said slot having a width greater than the diameter of said suspension pin and the width of said narrower extension being less at the top thereof than half the diameter of a suspension pin, each of said shelf supports comprising a vertically extending angle member having two arms which straddle an associated column, one of said arms having at least one of said suspension pins projecting into the space bounded by said two arms, a spar fixed at its ends to angle members upon two spaced columns, each of said angle members having at least one suspension pin and a perforation whose uppermost edge part has approximately the same position as the uppermost edge part of one of said catch recesses of the associated column and a locking member is releasably inserted through said perforation and through said associated catch recess to secure said angle member against being lifted up and securing said suspension pin from being accidentally displaced, said locking member having a handle located outside of the angle member hanging downwardly in rest position and is provided at the inner end within the space of the associated column with a projection engaging behind the uppermost edge part of the associated catch recess.

2. A support for loading pallets and the like comprising a frame having a plurality of vertical columns each having spaced catch-recesses therein, vertically adjustable shelf supports mounted in said catch recesses, a plurality of horizontally arranged suspension pins cylindrical in their lower halves on each of said shelf supports, each of said pins having a head, each of said catch recesses for accommodating said suspension pins having a vertically extending slot with a widened upper end portion for the insertion of said head and at the bottom of said slot an extension thereof narrower than the diameter of a suspension pin so that at the points of transition from said slot accommodating a suspension pin to said narrower extension two concave curved shoulders sloping inwardly and downwardly are formed spaced horizontally apart for supporting laterally free from play said suspension pin, the contour of said shoulders extending along two arcs of a semicircle having a diameter corresponding to the Width of said slot, said slot having a width greater than the diameter of said suspension pin and the width of said narrower extension being less at the top thereof than half the diameter of a suspension pin whereby jamming of said pin is prevented.

3. A support as set forth in claim 2 wherein each of said shelf supports comprises a vertically extending angle member having two arms which straddle an associated column, one of said arms having at least one of said suspension pins projecting into the space bounded by said two arms, a spar fixed at its ends to angle members upon two spaced columns, each of said angle members having at least one suspension pin and a perforation whose uppermost edge part has approximately the same position as the uppermost edge part of one of said catch recesses of the associated column and a locking member is releasably inserted through said perforation and through said associated catch recess to secure said angle member against being lifted up and securing said suspension pin from being accidentally displaced.

4. A support as set forth in claim 3 wherein said locking member having a handle located outside of the angle member hanging downwardly in rest position and is provided at the inner end within the space of the associated column with a projection engaging behind the uppermost edge part of the associated catch recess.

References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,639,043 5/1953 Dunham 858.6 3,070,237 12/1962 Fullerton et a1. 211-176 3,144,944 8/ 1964McConnell 21 1--148 3,392,848 7/1968 McConnell et a1 211-176 EDWARD C. ALLEN, Primary Examiner

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