US3478765A - Pilot valve - Google Patents
Pilot valveDownload PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3478765A US3478765AUS631779AUS3478765DAUS3478765AUS 3478765 AUS3478765 AUS 3478765AUS 631779 AUS631779 AUS 631779AUS 3478765D AUS3478765D AUS 3478765DAUS 3478765 AUS3478765 AUS 3478765A
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- United States
- Prior art keywords
- liquid
- nozzle
- flow
- pilot valve
- chamber
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000007788liquidSubstances0.000description47
- 239000012530fluidSubstances0.000description12
- 230000001419dependent effectEffects0.000description3
- 230000000694effectsEffects0.000description3
- 238000004891communicationMethods0.000description2
- 230000005484gravityEffects0.000description2
- 239000000463materialSubstances0.000description2
- 230000011664signalingEffects0.000description2
- 238000011144upstream manufacturingMethods0.000description2
- 241000581364Clinitrachus argentatusSpecies0.000description1
- 238000005266castingMethods0.000description1
- 238000010276constructionMethods0.000description1
- 230000007797corrosionEffects0.000description1
- 238000005260corrosionMethods0.000description1
- 230000003993interactionEffects0.000description1
- 238000012423maintenanceMethods0.000description1
- 239000002184metalSubstances0.000description1
- 238000000465mouldingMethods0.000description1
- 238000013022ventingMethods0.000description1
Images
Classifications
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15C—FLUID-CIRCUIT ELEMENTS PREDOMINANTLY USED FOR COMPUTING OR CONTROL PURPOSES
- F15C1/00—Circuit elements having no moving parts
- F15C1/08—Boundary-layer devices, e.g. wall-attachment amplifiers coanda effect
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
- Y10T137/206—Flow affected by fluid contact, energy field or coanda effect [e.g., pure fluid device or system]
- Y10T137/218—Means to regulate or vary operation of device
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
- Y10T137/206—Flow affected by fluid contact, energy field or coanda effect [e.g., pure fluid device or system]
- Y10T137/2224—Structure of body of device
Definitions
- This inventionrelates to liquid flow sensitive pilot valve in which a jet of fluid from a nozzle has its path determined by the rate of flow.
- FIGURE 1is a top plan view of a preferred embodiment of a pilot valve in accordance with the invention.
- FIG. 2is a longitudinal central sectional view, enlarged, taken approximately on the line 2-2 of FIG. 1;
- FIG. 3is a sectional view, taken approximately on the line 33 of FIG. 2;
- FIG. 4is a sectional view, taken approximately on the line 44 of FIG. 2;
- FIG. 5is a setcional view, taken approximately on the line 55 of FIG. 2;
- FIG. 6is a diagrammatic view showing one mode of use of a simplified form of pilot valve in accordance with the invention.
- the pilot valve in accordance with the inventionpreferably includes a housing 10, which may be made in any desired manner such as by molding or casting, of metal, synthetic plastic or any desired material.
- the materialis preferably resistant to and free from corrosion by the liquid being handled.
- the housing 10has a liquid inlet connection 11 which is preferably provided with an interior transitional section 12.
- the section 12has an interior shape which advances from circular at the inlet to rectangular at its outlet.
- a conventional tubular conduit 14can be connected to the inlet connection 11 for the introduction of the liquid whose flow variation is effective within the pilot valve.
- a nozzle section 15is provided, preferably rectangular in transverse cross section.
- the longitudinal axis of the nozzle section 15 in the particular embodimentis at an angle of 60 with respect to the vertical.
- the nozzle section 15preferably has an upper sharp terminal edge 16 and a lower sharp terminal edge 17 on an interior face 18.
- the housing 10includes a chamber 20 with which the nozzle section 15 is in communication.
- the chamber 20has opposite vertical side walls 21, a vertical end wall 22 connecting the side walls 21, an inclined bottom wall 23 extending downwardly from the face 18 and connecting the side Walls 22, and a liquid discharge connection 24 at the lower terminus of the bottom wall 23.
- a fluid connection 25is provided for delivery of the fluid from the discharge connection 24.
- the chamber 20is bounded at the top thereof by a wall portions which provides an upwardly inclined channel 26.
- the channel 26, extending from the face 18 and accord- I ingly in upwardly offset relation to the upper edge 16 of the nozzle section 15,has an inclined surface 27 Which can be flat and which provides a surface for liquid lock-on.
- the surface 27has a sharp edge terminal 28 and upstream of the edge 28 a port 29 is provided to which a signal take off connection 30* is connected.
- a second surface 32is provided for liquid lock on.
- the surface 32 inclined as at 33 and substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the nozzle section 15has its terminal portion 34 curved and brought substantially horizontal.
- the surface 32a sufficient distance therealong beyond the edge 28 for liquid lock on to occur has a port 35 to which a signal take-off connection 36 is connected.
- the chamber 20 including the upper end of the channel 26are in communication with a vent opening 38, for venting, and to which a fluid connection 39 is connected which extends to any desired pressure reference.
- FIG. 6a simplified form of pilot valve 10a is illustrated, connected to a diverting valve 40.
- the diverting valve 40has a supply connection 41 for fluid connected thereto for delivery through a nozzle 42 into a fluid interaction chamber 43.
- the chamber 43is non-symmetrical and has a favored lower wall 44 which is blended into the axis of the nozzle 42 with only a small set back at the exit end of the nozzle 42.
- the upper Wall 45has a larger set back from the nozzle 42 and diverges from the nozzle 42.
- the walls 44 and 45respectively control the delivery into the discharge passageways 46 and 47.
- the supply connection 41has a fluid connection 48 extending therefrom through a restriction 49 to the inlet connection 11 of the pilot a.
- the take off opening 29is connected to the nozzle 42 close to its exit end.
- the liquidAt a very low rate of flow the liquid, as a jet from the nozzle section 15 will not reach the surface 27 or if it does reach the surface does not contact that surface sufficiently to lock on.
- the fluid path of the jetis irifiuenced by the accelerating field such as that of gravity acting on the jet in a direction away from the surface 27.
- the set back on the surface 27 at the interior face 18aids in preventing undesired lock on.
- the liquid from the nozzle section 15will accordingly fall toward bottom wall 23, move downwardly therealong, and then out through the discharge connection 24.
- the ports 29 and 35are subect to the pressure prevailing in the chamber 20 since nothing has brought about any change at those ports.
- the jetAt a higher level of liquid flow through the nozzle section 15, and subject as before to the accelerating field, the jet will contact the surface 27 and lock onto that surface by the Coanda effect. At the edge terminal 28 the liquid will commence to fall in the chamber 20 for discharge through the discharge connection 24.
- the jetwill contact the surface 32 and lock onto that surface by the Coanda effect and then turn downwardly in the chamber 20, and discharge through the liquid discharge connection 24.
- the continuous flow of liquid along the surface 32will prevent air from being exhaust through the port 35 and pipe 36 thereby providing a change of condition which is useful for signaling purposes.
- the terminal edge 17 and the set back of the Wall 23 with respect to the nozzleis such as to prevent any lockt on of liquid on the wall 23 which would prevent its movement in the channel 26.
- pilot valve described aboveis particularly suitable for use with the diverting valve described and claimed in the application of C. B. Moore and Robert B. Adams, filed Mar. 27, 1967, Ser. No. 626,027, but is not limited to such use.
- the pilot valve of the present inventionhas a wide variety of uses where a signal is desired dependent upon rate of flow of a liquid and particularly where it is pre ferred not to have any moving parts exposed to the liquid.
- a liquid flow responsive devicecomprising:
- said surfacefurther being arranged generally transverse to the direction of force of an accelerating field whereby the liquid from said nozzle will lock-on to said surface at a flow rate in excess of that necessary to overcome the effect of said accelerating field tending to urge flow therefrom,
- said surfacehaving a signal take off opening positioned such that the opening will be in the path of fluid flow when lock-on occurs.
- a housingis provided with an interior chamber into which said nozzle is directed,
- said surfaceis along an upper wall of said housing
- said chamberis bounded by facing side walls.
- said nozzleis of predetermined width
- said side wallsare spaced the same width as that of the nozzle.
- said take off openingis subject to said atmosphere at low liquid velocities and is sealed from said atmosphere at higher liquid velocities.
- a liquid flow responsive device as defined in claim 4in which:
- said nozzleis rectangular in cross section
- the upstream end of said surfaceis joined to the nozzle in fluid tight relation.
- said surface beyond said take off openinghas a set back portion with a surface portion therebeyond inclined in a direction toward the flow axis of the nozzle
- said surface portionhas a second signal take off opening therein.
- a liquid diverting valvehaving a control port
- said signal take off openingis connected to said control port.
- a liquid diverting valvehaving a control port
- said signal take off openingis connected to said control port.
- a liquid flow responsive deviceas defined in claim 1 in which:
- a liquid diverting valvehaving a control port
- said signal take off openingis connected to said control port.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Nozzles (AREA)
Description
Nov. 18, 1969 I B. Kl 3,478,765
7 PILOT VALVE Filed April 18, 1967 INVENTOR DA W0 8. KIRK A 7' TORNE' Y United States Patent US. Cl. 137-815 9 Claims ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE A liquid flow sensitive pilot valve having no moving parts exposed to the liquid and in which One wall or a plurality of walls in sequence are provided for liquid lock-on dependent on the flow, the walls having control signal ports affected by the flow along the wall in which the port is located.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Field of the invention This invention relates to liquid flow sensitive pilot valve in which a jet of fluid from a nozzle has its path determined by the rate of flow.
Description of the prior art Various types of pilot valves have heretofore been proposed most of which have had moving parts with accompanying problems of maintenance, necessity for adjustment, and limited useful life.
It has also been proposed to employ transmitted and received fluid jets with the pick up influence or modified by an external object. These were not however, dependent on variations of the rate of flow of the fluid.
SUMMARY It is the principal object of the present invention to provide a liquid flow sensitive pilot valve having no moving parts in which a jet of liquid delivered into a chamber takes a path determined by the rate of flow of the liquid of the jet, and in which in one condition of flow the liquid passes to one path and for a different rate of flow of the liquid, the liquid locks onto a surface which has a central signal port.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide a pilot valve of the character aforesaid in which the valve can be embodied in a multiple stage unit.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide a pilot valve of the character aforesaid which is simple in construction and may be cast or molded.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide a pilot valve responsive to rate of flow therethrough, and in which the liquid from a nozzle while subject to gravity may be locked onto an interior surface which has a control signal port.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING The nature and characteristic features of the invention will be more readily understood from the following description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings forming part thereof, in which:
FIGURE 1 is a top plan view of a preferred embodiment of a pilot valve in accordance with the invention;
FIG. 2 is a longitudinal central sectional view, enlarged, taken approximately on the line 2-2 of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a sectional view, taken approximately on theline 33 of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a sectional view, taken approximately on theline 44 of FIG. 2;
FIG. 5 is a setcional view, taken approximately on the line 55 of FIG. 2; and
"ice
FIG. 6 is a diagrammatic view showing one mode of use of a simplified form of pilot valve in accordance with the invention.
Like numerals refer to like parts throughout the several views.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT Referring now more particularly to the drawings, the pilot valve in accordance with the invention preferably includes ahousing 10, which may be made in any desired manner such as by molding or casting, of metal, synthetic plastic or any desired material. The material is preferably resistant to and free from corrosion by the liquid being handled.
Thehousing 10 has a liquid inlet connection 11 which is preferably provided with an interiortransitional section 12. Thesection 12 has an interior shape which advances from circular at the inlet to rectangular at its outlet. A conventionaltubular conduit 14 can be connected to the inlet connection 11 for the introduction of the liquid whose flow variation is effective within the pilot valve. Immediately beyond thetransitional section 12, anozzle section 15 is provided, preferably rectangular in transverse cross section. The longitudinal axis of thenozzle section 15 in the particular embodiment is at an angle of 60 with respect to the vertical. Thenozzle section 15 preferably has an upper sharp terminal edge 16 and a lower sharp terminal edge 17 on aninterior face 18.
Thehousing 10 includes achamber 20 with which thenozzle section 15 is in communication. Thechamber 20 has oppositevertical side walls 21, avertical end wall 22 connecting theside walls 21, aninclined bottom wall 23 extending downwardly from theface 18 and connecting theside Walls 22, and aliquid discharge connection 24 at the lower terminus of thebottom wall 23.
Afluid connection 25 is provided for delivery of the fluid from thedischarge connection 24.
Thechamber 20 is bounded at the top thereof by a wall portions which provides an upwardlyinclined channel 26.
Thechannel 26, extending from theface 18 and accord- I ingly in upwardly offset relation to the upper edge 16 of thenozzle section 15, has aninclined surface 27 Which can be flat and which provides a surface for liquid lock-on. Thesurface 27 has asharp edge terminal 28 and upstream of the edge 28 aport 29 is provided to which a signal take offconnection 30* is connected.
In set back relation to theinclined surface 27, a second surface 32 is provided for liquid lock on. The surface 32 inclined as at 33 and substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of thenozzle section 15 has itsterminal portion 34 curved and brought substantially horizontal.
The surface 32, a sufficient distance therealong beyond theedge 28 for liquid lock on to occur has aport 35 to which a signal take-offconnection 36 is connected.
Thechamber 20 including the upper end of thechannel 26 are in communication with a vent opening 38, for venting, and to which afluid connection 39 is connected which extends to any desired pressure reference.
Referring now to FIG. 6, a simplified form ofpilot valve 10a is illustrated, connected to a diverting valve 40. The diverting valve 40 has a supply connection 41 for fluid connected thereto for delivery through anozzle 42 into afluid interaction chamber 43. Thechamber 43 is non-symmetrical and has a favoredlower wall 44 which is blended into the axis of thenozzle 42 with only a small set back at the exit end of thenozzle 42. Theupper Wall 45 has a larger set back from thenozzle 42 and diverges from thenozzle 42. Thewalls discharge passageways 46 and 47.
The supply connection 41 has afluid connection 48 extending therefrom through arestriction 49 to the inlet connection 11 of the pilot a. The take off opening 29 is connected to thenozzle 42 close to its exit end.
The mode of operation will now be pointed out.
Assume that liquid is supplied through the inlet connection 11, thetransitional section 12 and thenozzle section 15 into thechannel 26 of thechamber 20.
At a very low rate of flow the liquid, as a jet from thenozzle section 15 will not reach thesurface 27 or if it does reach the surface does not contact that surface sufficiently to lock on. The fluid path of the jet is irifiuenced by the accelerating field such as that of gravity acting on the jet in a direction away from thesurface 27. The set back on thesurface 27 at the interior face 18 aids in preventing undesired lock on. The liquid from thenozzle section 15 will accordingly fall towardbottom wall 23, move downwardly therealong, and then out through thedischarge connection 24. Theports chamber 20 since nothing has brought about any change at those ports.
At a higher level of liquid flow through thenozzle section 15, and subject as before to the accelerating field, the jet will contact thesurface 27 and lock onto that surface by the Coanda effect. At theedge terminal 28 the liquid will commence to fall in thechamber 20 for discharge through thedischarge connection 24.
The continuous flow of liquid along thesurface 27 will revent air from being exhausted through theport 29 andpipe 30 thereby providing change of condition which is useful for signaling purposes available in the take offconnection 30.
At a still higher rate of liquid flow through thenozzle section 15, and subject as before to the accelerating field, the jet will contact the surface 32 and lock onto that surface by the Coanda effect and then turn downwardly in thechamber 20, and discharge through theliquid discharge connection 24.
The continuous flow of liquid along the surface 32 will prevent air from being exhaust through theport 35 andpipe 36 thereby providing a change of condition which is useful for signaling purposes.
Upon decrease of flow through thenozzle section 15 the reverse of the operations just described would occur.
The terminal edge 17 and the set back of theWall 23 with respect to the nozzle is such as to prevent any lockt on of liquid on thewall 23 which would prevent its movement in thechannel 26.
The pilot valve described above is particularly suitable for use with the diverting valve described and claimed in the application of C. B. Moore and Robert B. Adams, filed Mar. 27, 1967, Ser. No. 626,027, but is not limited to such use.
Referring now to FIG. 6, when the take off opening 29 is open to the atmosphere, air coming through the opening 29 will detach the main stream delivered by thenozzle 42 from thelower wall 44. When, however, only liquid can be drawn up through the take-off opening 29, this will not be sufficient to supply to entrainment of the main jet from thenozzle 42. The pressure below the main jet will fall and since the biasing tends to favor flow along thelower wall 44 the jet will follow thelower wall 44, under these conditions.
The pilot valve of the present invention has a wide variety of uses where a signal is desired dependent upon rate of flow of a liquid and particularly where it is pre ferred not to have any moving parts exposed to the liquid.
I claim:
1. A liquid flow responsive device comprising:
a source of liquid,
a nozzle to which said source i connected,
a surface in converging relation to the axis of the nozzle and in such converging relation extending downstream of the nozzle to a location spaced from said axis less than one half the width of the nozzle,
said surface further being arranged generally transverse to the direction of force of an accelerating field whereby the liquid from said nozzle will lock-on to said surface at a flow rate in excess of that necessary to overcome the effect of said accelerating field tending to urge flow therefrom,
said surface having a signal take off opening positioned such that the opening will be in the path of fluid flow when lock-on occurs.
2. A liquid flow responsive device as defined in claim 1 in which:
a housing is provided with an interior chamber into which said nozzle is directed,
said surface is along an upper wall of said housing,
and
said chamber is bounded by facing side walls.
3. A liquid flow responsive device as defined inclaim 2 in which:
said nozzle is of predetermined width, and
said side walls are spaced the same width as that of the nozzle.
'4. A liquid flow responsive device as defined inclaim 2 in which said chamber is vented to a gaseous atmosphere, and
said take off opening is subject to said atmosphere at low liquid velocities and is sealed from said atmosphere at higher liquid velocities.
5. A liquid flow responsive device as defined inclaim 4 in which:
said nozzle is rectangular in cross section, and
the upstream end of said surface is joined to the nozzle in fluid tight relation.
6. A liquid flow responsive device as defined inclaim 5 in which:
said surface beyond said take off opening has a set back portion with a surface portion therebeyond inclined in a direction toward the flow axis of the nozzle, and
said surface portion has a second signal take off opening therein.
7. A liquid flow responsive device as defined inclaim 4 in which:
a liquid diverting valve is provided having a control port, and
said signal take off opening is connected to said control port.
8. A liquid flow responsive device as defined inclaim 2 in which:
a liquid diverting valve is provided having a control port, and
said signal take off opening is connected to said control port.
9. A liquid flow responsive device as defined in claim 1 in which:
a liquid diverting valve is provided having a control port, and
said signal take off opening is connected to said control port.
References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 3,283,768 11/1966 Manion 137-81.5 3,313,313 4/1967 Katz l3781.5 3,379,203 4/1968 Manion l3781.5
M. CARY NELSON, Primary Examiner W. R. CLINE, Assistant Examiner
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US63177967A | 1967-04-18 | 1967-04-18 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US3478765Atrue US3478765A (en) | 1969-11-18 |
Family
ID=24532697
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US631779AExpired - LifetimeUS3478765A (en) | 1967-04-18 | 1967-04-18 | Pilot valve |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3478765A (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3603336A (en)* | 1970-05-05 | 1971-09-07 | American Standard Inc | Fluidically controlled refill mechanism with backflow preventer |
| US3670755A (en)* | 1968-12-06 | 1972-06-20 | Westinghouse Italiana | Fluid flow control device |
| US3680573A (en)* | 1970-05-05 | 1972-08-01 | American Standard Inc | Pilot valve operated fluidic valve |
| US20110315247A1 (en)* | 2010-06-23 | 2011-12-29 | Masayuki Yamamiya | Gas transfer unit |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3283768A (en)* | 1963-11-20 | 1966-11-08 | Bowles Eng Corp | Vented pure fluid analog amplifier |
| US3313313A (en)* | 1964-04-10 | 1967-04-11 | Katz Silas | Fluid pressure reference |
| US3379203A (en)* | 1964-12-15 | 1968-04-23 | Bowles Eng Corp | Pure fluid amplifier having positive and negative output pressures |
- 1967
- 1967-04-18USUS631779Apatent/US3478765A/ennot_activeExpired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3283768A (en)* | 1963-11-20 | 1966-11-08 | Bowles Eng Corp | Vented pure fluid analog amplifier |
| US3313313A (en)* | 1964-04-10 | 1967-04-11 | Katz Silas | Fluid pressure reference |
| US3379203A (en)* | 1964-12-15 | 1968-04-23 | Bowles Eng Corp | Pure fluid amplifier having positive and negative output pressures |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3670755A (en)* | 1968-12-06 | 1972-06-20 | Westinghouse Italiana | Fluid flow control device |
| US3603336A (en)* | 1970-05-05 | 1971-09-07 | American Standard Inc | Fluidically controlled refill mechanism with backflow preventer |
| US3680573A (en)* | 1970-05-05 | 1972-08-01 | American Standard Inc | Pilot valve operated fluidic valve |
| US20110315247A1 (en)* | 2010-06-23 | 2011-12-29 | Masayuki Yamamiya | Gas transfer unit |
| US8571436B2 (en)* | 2010-06-23 | 2013-10-29 | Fuji Xerox Co., Ltd. | Gas transfer unit |
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