US3401873A - Compressor cylinder block - Google Patents

Description

Sept. 17, 1968 1, PRWQN ETAL 3,401,873

GOMPkESSOR CYLINDER BLOCK Filed Jan. 13, 1967 v :s Sheets-sheaf, 1

INVENTORS. GEORGE T. PRIVON. DWIGHT L. TOTHERO.

ATTORNEY.

Sept. 17, 1968 G. T. PRIVON ETAL 3,401,873

COMPRESSOR CYLINDER BLOCK Filed Jan. 13, 1967 I s Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTORS. GEORGE T. PRIVON. DWIGHT L. TOTHERO.

wzmm/a ATTORNEY.

Sept. 17, 1968 G. T. PRIVON ET AL COMPRESSOR CYLINDER BLOCK Filed Jan. 13, 1967 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 INVENTORS. PRIVON.

ATTORNEY.

United States Patent 3,401,873 COMPRESSOR CYLINDER BLOCK George T. Privou, Camiilus, N.Y., and Dwight L. Tothero, York, Pa., assignors to Carrier Corporation, Syracuse, N.Y., a corporation of Delaware Filed Jan. 13, 1967, Ser. No. 609,134 9 Claims. (Cl. 230-238) ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE A compressor cylinder block is formed of two sections. One section forms a cylinder for a compressor. The other section may be a blank or form another cylinder for the compressor. This arrangement provides an assembly for either a one or a two cylinder compressor.

This invention relates to a reciprocating compressor, and more particularly, to a reciprocating compressor having a fabricated cylinder block to facilitate manufacture of either a one or two cylinder compressor.

The ever present need to make a better compressor at less cost finds particular significance in small size compressors adapted for refrigeration system use, specifically one or two cylinder compressor sizes. In these compressor sizes, competition is extremely keen and the per capita profit usually small. Economy of manufacture, without sacrifice in quality, is therefore extremely significant.

It is a principal object of the present invention to provide a new :and improved hermetic reciprocating compressor.

It is a further object of the present invention to provide an improved construction for single and multicylinder hermetic compressors in which the cylinder block is assembled from common cylinder block segments joined together.

It is a further object of the present invention to provide an improved construction for one or two cylinder compressors in which the compressor cylinder blocks are comprised of two sections assembled together, the block sections making up the two cylinder compressor block being the same as one of the block sections making up the one cylinder compressor.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a novel compressor construction requiring only two different cylinder block sections to enable manufacture of either a one or two cylinder compressor.

This invention relates to :a cylinder block for a reciprocating compressor comprising a first cylinder block section having at least one wall lying in a substantially flat plane with a cylinder bore projecting from the one Wall through the block section toward an opposite side thereof, the cylinder bore being adapted to fit a piston; thefirst block section one wall being recessed around the cylinder bore to accommodate movement of the compressor crankshaft eccentric and the rod element joining the crankshaft eccentric to the piston; a second cylinder block section having at least one wall lying in a substantially flat plane, the first cylinder block section wall being abutable with the second cylinder block section wall to complete the compressor cylinder block; the first block seclion having a pair of manifold forming passages therewithin opening through the one wall thereof at divergent points therealong, the second block section wall having a pair of manifold passages openings therein adapted to mate with the first block section manifold forming passage openings to form at least one continuous rnanifold upon assembly of the first block section with the second block section, one of the first block section manifold forming passages leading to the periphery of the first 3,401,873 Patented Sept. 17, 1968 "ice block section to permit connection with a conduit leading from the compressor.

Other objects will be apparent from the ensuing description and drawings in which:

FIGURE 1 is a sectional view of a two cylinder compressor incorporating the cylinder block assembly of the present invention;

FIGURE 2 is a sectional view of a one cylinder compressor incorporating the cylinder block assembly of the present invention;

FIGURE 3 is an exploded view showing the cylinder block sections for the one cylinder compressor block assembly; and

FIGURE 4 is a bottom perspective view showing the cylinder block assembly for a cylinder compressor block.

In FIGURES 1 and 2 of the drawings, there are shown hermetic type reciprocating compressors, designated generally by the numerals 1, 1' respectively, such as used in refrigeration systems. The compressor 1 is a two cylinder opposed compressor while compressor 1' is a one cylinder compressor. Cylinder blocks 8, 8' respectively of each compressor 1, 1 are formed from two halves or sections fastened together. In the compressor 1, a pair of substantially identical cylinder formingblock sections 40, 40' are assembled together while in compressor 1', a single cylinder formingblock section 40 is coupled to ablanked block section 60.

Referring to FIGURE 1, thecomposite cylinder block 8 of compressor 1 has opposedcylinder bores 9 therein. Whilecylinder bores 9 are illustrated as being co-axi-al, it is understood that the axes ofcylinder bores 9 may be offset from one another. Pistons 11 are movably fitted incylinders 9 and operably connected by means ofrods 12 with theeccentric part 15 of crankshaft .16.Crankshaft 16 is supported for rotation byjournals 18, 19,thrust ring 20 inlower journal 19 resisting downward movement ofcrankshaft 16.

Crankshaft 16 projects abovejournal 18 and hasrotor 20 ofmotor 21 fixed thereon.Motor stator 22 is supported on the upper deck ofcylinder block 8,recessed area 24 in the cylinder block upper deck accommodating stator winding end turns 22.

Cylinder heads 25 with suitable suction anddischarge valves 26, 27 respectively are sealingly secured to block 8 over each of thecylinder bores 9. Suction gas stacks 29 communicate wih suction ports 30 incylinder block 8 and the cylinderhead suction valves 26. Discharge gas from the cylinders flows through discharge valve 2'7 and rn-uiiling passages 32, 33 to compressor discharge line orlines 35.

Ahermetic shell 37 spacedly encompasses the cylinder block-motor assembly, the cylinder block-motor assembly being resiliently supported byshell 37 onsprings 38. Opening 39 inshell 37 communicates with the source of low pressure gas, the suction gas flowing through the upper part of shell 27 intosuction gas stacks 29. Thelower part 28 ofshell 37 serves as a lubricant storage sump.

The one cylinder compressor 1', shown in FIGURE 2 where like numbers refer to like parts, is similar in construction to that of compressor 1 except for itscylinder block 8 and the discharge gas muflling arrangement, as will be more apparent hereinafter.

Cylinder block section 40 is a shell like part, preferably formed by casting, having substantially flat inside andoutside wall surfaces 41, 42 respectively. Thewall surface 41 is adapted to seat a second identicalcylinder block section 40 or blanked block section 6 0 as will appear more fully hereinafter. The lower part ofcylinder block section 40 has an outwardly projectingrounded area 44, 45 extending along each side thereof from theinside wall 41.Mufliing passages 32, 33 are formed within therounded areas 44, 45 respectively. As best seen in FIG- URE 4,passage 32 extends throughblock section 40 along one side thereof from insidewall 41 tooutside wall 42, Whilepassage 33 extends throughblock section 40 along the opposite side thereof from insidewall 41 to the periphery ofblock section 8 slightly below outsideWall 42.Discharge line 35 is adapted to be connected topassage 33.

Cylinder bore 9 is formed in the central area ofcylinder block section 40. At the upper portion ofblock section 40, a peripheral wall section thereof projects upwardly and formsseat 46 formotor stator 22.

Theinside wall 41 of cylinder block section 40' is recessed at 48circumjacent cylinder bore 9. Recess 48 accommodates movement ofcrankshaft 16 and connectingrod 12 and cooperates with a like recess insecond block section 40 or 6 2 when mated therewith upon fabrication ofcylinder block 8 or 8', to form the compressor crankcase or running gear chamber.

Recesses 43 in the side Walls of block section 40' vent the compressor crankcase or running gear compartment to the interior of thecompressor shell 37.Openings 43 permit lubricant accumulated in the compressor crankcase to return to thesump 28. It is understood that where a pressurized compressor crank-case is desired,openings 43 are dispensed with. In this construction, one or more passages are provided incylinder block 8 to permit return of lubricant from the compressor crankcase tosump 28.

Cylinder block section 48 includes an upwardly projecting semicircular boss or bearing head 55. The inside surface of boss 55, which forms part ofinside wall 41, has a semicircular bearing recess 18' therein extending longitudinally thereof to recess 48. A similar bearing recess 19' is provided in the lower portion ofinside wall 41, bearingrecess 19" extending longitudinally fromrecess 48 to the base ofcylinder block section 40. Bearing recesses 18, 19 cooperate with like hearing recesses in the matingcylinder block section 40 or blankedsection 60 upon fabrication ofcylinder block 8 or 8' to form the upper andlower crankshaft journals 18, 19 respectively.

,Blankedblock section 60 comprises a shell like part which is preferably formed by casting. The inside ormating wall surface 62 of block section 69 is substantially fiat and of a dimension and configuration to assure mating engagement withinside wall 41 ofcylinder block section 40 upon assembly of one cylinder block 8'. The remaining peripheral surface ofblock section 60 may be rounded.

The lower part ofcylinder block section 60 has an outwardly projecting rounded area orbelt 65 extending around the circumference thereof. Acontinuous muffiling passage 67, which is essentially U-shaped, is formed within the roundedarea 65 ofblock section 68.Mufliing passage 67 opens at spaced points in theinside wall 62 adjacent the bottom thereof and opposite thepassages 32, 33 inblock section 40. On assembly ofblock section 40 withblock section 60,passage 67 insection 60 connectspassage 32 ofsection 40 withpassage 33 thereof to form a continuous muffiing passage.

Wall 62 of blankedblock section 60 is opened at 68 to accommodate movement ofeccentric 15 ofcrankshaft 16.Opening 68 cooperates withrecess 48 in themating block section 40 to form a crankcase or running gear chamber.

Blankedblock section 60 includes an upwardly projecting semicircular boss or bearinghead 70, the inside Wall of which is coplanar withwall 62 thereof.Bearing head 70 has a longitudinal semicircular bearing recess 18' therein. A second longitudinal semicircular bearing recess 19' is formed in the lower portion ofinside wall 62 ofblock section 60. On joinder ofblock sections 60, 40, bearing recesses 18', 19 in each of theblock sections 40, 68 form upper andlower crankshaft journals 18, 19 respectively.

It is understood that the configuration and dimension of mufflingpassages 32, 33 ofcylinder block section 40 andpassage 67 of blankedblock section 60 may be varied to provide optimum quieting and efiiciency for various compressor SIZES.

On assembly of cylinder block 8' for a one cylinder compressor,cylinder block section 40 is joined to blankedcylinder block section 60 with theinside walls 41, 62 respectively thereof in abutting engagement.Block sections 40, 60 are retained in engagement by suitable means such as screws 75. TheU-shaped mufiiing passage 67 in blankedblock section 60 connectsmufiling passage 32 inblock section 40 withmufiiing passage 33 inblock section 40 to complete a mufiling passage for discharge gas extending fromoutside wall 42 ofblock section 40 throughpassages 32, 67, 33 and the peripheral wall ofsection 40 for connection withdischarge line 35. Recessedarea 48 inblock section 40 cooperates with opening 68 inblock section 60 to provide the compressor crankcase or running gear chamber.

For a two cylinder compressor, identical cylinder formingblock sections 40, 40" are joined together as shown in FIGURE 4 with theinside walls 41, 41 thereof in faceto-face abutting contact. The twoblock sections 40, 40 are held together by suitable means such as screws. The mufflingpassages 32, 33 insection 40 connect with the mufiiing passages 33', 32' respectively insection 40 to form a separate muffiing passage for each of the compressor cylinders. One, that forcylinder 9 inblock section 40, comprisesinterconnected passages 32, 33' inblock sections 40, 40 respectively while the mufliing passage for the other cylinder comprisesinterconnected passages 32, 33 inblock sections 40, 40" respectively.Branched discharge line 35 is suitably connected topassages 33, 33 of theblock sections 40, 40' respectively.

Suitable gaskets (not shown) may be provided between the several contacting surfaces of the compressor 1 or 1 as for example between thewalls 41, 41' of block sec tions 40, 40",walls 41, 62 ofblock sections 40, 60 respectively, etc., as known to those versed in the art.

While we have described a preferred embodiment of our invention, it will be understood that the invention is not limited thereto, but may be otherwise embodied within the scope of the following claims.

We claim:

1. In a cylinder block for reciprocating compressors,

the combination of a first cylinder block section having at least one wall lying in a substantially flat plane with a cylinder bore projecting from said one wall through said block section toward an opposite side thereof, said cylinder bore being adapted to fit a piston; said first block section one wall being recessed around said cylinder bore to accommodate movement of the compressor crankshaft eccentric and the rod element joining the crankshaft eccentric to the piston; a second cylinder block section having at least one wall lying in a substantially flat plane, said first cylinder block section wall being abutable with said second cylinder block section wall to complete the compressor cylinder block; said first block section having a pair of manifold forming passages therewithin opening through said one wall thereof at divergent points therealong, said second block section wall having a pair of manifold passage openings therein adapted to mate with said first block section manifold forming passage openings to form at least one continuous manifold upon assembly of said first block section with said second block section, one of said first block section manifold forming passages leading to the periphery of said first block section to permit connection with a conduit leading from said compressor.

2. A cylinder block according to claim 1 in which said first cylinder block section has a second substantially flat wall, said cylinder bore opening through said second wall, said second wall being adapted to seat a cylinder head.

3. A cylinder block according to claim 2 in which the other of said manifold forming passages extends through said first cylinder block section and opens into said second wall.

4. A cylinder block according to claim 1 in which said pair of manifold forming passage openings in said first block section one wall are equally spaced from and on opposite sides of the plane passing through the axis of said cylinder bore, said openings being perpendicular to the plane of said first block section wall.

5. A cylinder block according to claim 1 in which said second block section has a generally U-shaped manifold forming passage therewithin leading from one of the openings in said second block section wall to the other so that upon assembly of said first block section with said second block section there is formed a single continuous manifold.

6. A cylinder block according to claim 1 in which said second cylinder block section is substantially like said first cylinder block section, assembly of said first block section with said second block section completing a cylinder block for a two cylinder compressor, said pair of manifold forming passages in said first block section connecting with a like pair of manifold forming passages in said second block section to form two separate manifolds.

7. For use as a component in forming a one or two cylinder block for a compressor comprising a cylinder blocksection having at least one wall lying in a substantially flat plane; said one wall including a recessed area to accommodate movement of the eccentric portion of the compressor crankshaft; said block section having a cylinder bore therein extending from said recessed area to a peripheral wall thereof; said cylinder bore being adapted to fit a piston; said block section having a pair of internal passages therein open to said one wall at spaced points therealong; said block section one Wall being en gageable with a like wall of a second blanked cylinder block section to form a cylinder block for a one cylinder compressor or with a second substantially identical cylinder block section to form a cylinder block for a two cylinder compressor, said internal passages being adapted to mate with corresponding passage openings in the matching wall of either of said second block sections upon assembly of said first mentioned cylinder block section with one of said second cylinder block sections to complete at least one uninterrupted passage for conveying compressor discharge gas through said one or two cylinder blocks; one of said pair of internal passages being open to a peripheral Wall of said cylinder block section to enable said one passage to be connected with a conduit leading from the compressor.

8. A component according to claim 7 in which the peripheral wall of said first mentioned cylinder block section is substantially fiat and lies in a plane parallel to and spaced from the plane of said one wall; said peripheral wall being adapted to seat a cylinder head, the other of said pair of internal passages being open to said peripheral wall.

9. For use as a component in forming a one cylinder block for a compressor comprising a 'block section having at least one wall lying in a substantially fiat plane; said one wall including a recessed area to accommodate movement of the eccentric portion of the compressor crankshaft; said block section having a generally U-shaped internal passage terminating in spaced openings in the surface of said one wall; said block section wall being engageable with a like wall of a cylinder forming second block section to complete the cylinder block for a one cylinder compressor, the terminal openings of said U- shaped passage being adapted to mate with corresponding passage openings in the engaging wall of said second bock section so that on assembly of said first mentioned block section with a second block section, said U-shaped passage interconnects one of the second block passage openings with the other of said openings to form a continuous passage adapted to convey discharge gas through said one cylinder block.

References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 957,597 5/1910 Bastian 230- 3,044,682 7/1962 Weibel et al 230--58 ROBERT M. WALKER, Primary Examiner.

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