US3244303A - Bottle decasing apparatus - Google Patents

Description

April 5, 1966 J, CONNER 3,244,303

BOTTLE DECASING APPARATUS Filed Aug. 14, 1963 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR. DONALD J. CONNER ATTORNEY April 5, 1966 D. J. CONNER BOTTLE DECASING APPARATUS 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Aug. 14, 1963 D. J. CONNER BOTTLE DECASING APPARATUS April 5, 1966 Filed Au IN VENTOR.

5 Sheets-Sheet 5 DONALD J. CONNER ATTORNEY FIG. 6

I FIG.5 [H] E1 HT FIG. 7

April- 5, 1966 D. J. CONNER 3,244,303

, BOTTLE DECASING APPARATUS Filed. Aug. 14, 1963 5 Sheets-Sheet 4.

|OO INVENTOR.

DONALD J. CONNER ATTORNEY April 1966 D. J. CONNER 3,244,303

BOTTLE DECASING APPARATUS Filed Aug. 14, 1963 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 v (r AIR SUPPLY A v FILTER U I was azoucme v \7SOL 200 I I AlzRvfigl-D WEIGHTED AIR STOP I-II- SOL 5s ll5 /.A.C. I LINE1 1 SWITCH 825% 230q El |70\ n I80 20 P f DowN SOLENOID UP SOLENOID ||5 v REVERSE W SOLENOID FORWARD IO SOLENOID g9} JAW CLOSE SOLENOID Eh JAW OPEN SOLENOID INVENTOR. DONALD J. CONNER BY MW ATTORNEY FIG. I?)

United States Patent 3,244,303 BOTTLE DECASING APPARATUS Donald J. Conner, 23821 Joanne Ave., Warren, Mich. Filed Aug. 14, 1963, Ser. No. 302,026 3 Claims. Cl. 214-309 This invention relates to bottle decasing apparatus and more particularly to apparatus that is compact, efficient and relatively simple in construction and operation.

The invention involves a structure having a hydraulically operated bottle carrier which lowers to pick up empty bottles out of a case, rises to a slide position, translates the bottles to a conveyor, and drops them onto the conveyor for movement to a bottle washing machine. The bottles are maintained at all times in the same relative relationship they had in the case. The discharge conveyor system is relatively simple and translates the bottles from a twoor three-row arrangement into a single file arrangement for movement into the bottle washer feeding apparatus. The case conveyor, as the bottle discharge conveyor, is independent of the bottle decasing machine of this invention and serves to translate cases from a storage area to the apparatus here involved.

The apparatus of this invention embodies means for lowering bottle clamping jaws to case unloading position, raising such bottles to an elevated position, translating them to a position outboard of the machine, and dropping them onto a discharge conveyor. The carrier then retracts to its position over the next case which has been moved into unloading position, and the cycle is repeated. The apparatus embodies air-hydraulic means for actuation of the mechanism, and electrical contact-sensitive micro-switches for energizing the hydraulic system at each step of the cycle.

The invention has particular utility in the milk and dairy industry, but it can also be utilized for other neckv type bottles and their cases. Inasmuch as case conveyors have been in operation for a long time, the structure of the apparatus is such that it can be used with practically any kind of conventional conveyor that moves cases from one position on the conveyor to another position thereon. The apparatus will operate with practically any size bottle so long as it has a neck and a head at the top edge of the neck for grasping by a pair of clamping jaws. The bottles may be round or square. As designed, the apparatus has utility primarily for unloading bottles from their cases. The discharge of bottles in single' file onto a conveyor by means of the case unloading apparatus of this invention would involve intricate mechanism that would, in the operation of such mechanism, substantially slow down the rate at which bottles would'be unloaded from their cases and thus render the machine much less efiicient. Translation of bottles from multipleto single-file movement is best performed by conveyors that operate continuously at high speed. Case unloading apparatus can operate at high speeds only if their operations are coordinated and limited to a minimum number of functional steps, and this has been accomplished by the instant invention.

' An object of the invention is to provide simplified, compact case unloading apparatus for bottles for use with conventional case and bottle conveyors. Another object is to provide means for progressively controlling the functional operation of such apparatus. Yet another object is to control the operation by means of contactsensitive micro-switches operating through an air hydraulic system. A further object is the provision of apparatus only for the unloading of bottles from their cases. Still another object is the provision of such apparatus for translation of bottles taken from a case to a bottle Patented Apr. 5,- 1966 discharge conveyor without altering the pattern relationship of such bottles and utilizing the latter conveyor for translation of the bottles from a multiple-file to a single-file movement of such bottles.

These and additional objects and features of the invention will become more apparent from the description given below, in which the terms employed are used for purposes of description and not of limitation. Reference is here made to the drawings annexed hereto, forming an integral part of this specification, and in which FIGURE 1 is a front elevational view of apparatus embodying the invention.

FIGURE 2 is a vertical sectional view taken substantially on theline 22 of FIGURE 1.

FIGURE 3 is a side elevational view taken substantially on the line 3-3 of FIGURE 1.

FIGURE 4 is a rear elevational view taken substantially on the line 4-4 of FIGURE 3.

FIGURE 5 is a view similar to that in FIGURE 3, but showing the bottle carrier projected to position over a discharge conveyor.

FIGURE 6 is a fragmentary side elevational view showing the bottle carrier in initial position above a case" of bottles.

FIGURE 7 is a fragmentary side elevational view showing the bottle carrier in bottle grasping position at the case.

FIGURES 8, 9 and 10 are views showing the structure and operation of the clamping bars.

FIGURE 11 is a plan view taken substantially on the line 11-11 of FIGURE 3.

FIGURE 12 is a diagrammatic line layout of the hydraulic system utilized in the inventive apparatus.

FIGURE 13 is a wiring diagram of the electrical systern utilized in the inventive apparatus.

The preferred embodiment of the invention as shown in the several views of the drawing is thedecasing apparatus 10 which comprises aframe 12, abottle carrier 14 mounted on aslide 16, and power means and mechanism for operating the slide and the bottle carrier.

Theframe 12 comprises a base 18 having side members 20,front members 22,rear members 24, andlegs 26. Mounted on the base arevertical front members 28, intermediatevertical members 30 andrear members 32, capped and conjoined by afront header member 34,side header members 36, and arear header member 38. Intermediate the base 18 and the header inembers are twolateral members 40 secured at one end to themembers 30 and at their forward ends to thefront members 28, the lower portions of which are attached tobottle conveyor framing 42 disposed adjacent the front of theframe 12.

As an adjunct to theapparatus 10 and designed to provide a means for translating bottle loadedcases 44 to the apparatus and emptied cases therefrom, thecase conveyor 46 comprises an endless series of hingedly' connected links arranged inparallel lines 48 designed to support the cases thereabove. Power means for driving the conveyor lines' 48 is not shown but is of conventional type and arrangement.framing 50 which extends under a portion of theapparatus 10 and between thebottle conveyor framing 42 and themachine frame 12. Thecase conveyor 46 is operable continuously, the links being generally coated with a lubricant so that they easily slide under the cases which may temporarily be held at an unloading position within the compass of theapparatus 10. Alateral bumper 52 is fixedly mounted on themachine frame 12 adjacent thecase conveyor 42 and against which thecases 44 are pressed by thecase holding mechanism 54 for the bottle unloading step of the operation.

Case holding mechanism 54 comprises a hydraulically The conveyor lines are supported on conveyor operatedcylinder 56, a piston driven rod 58 issuing from the cylinder, hingedly-conjoined levers 60 pivoted at 62 and provided with acase holder 64, and a weighted air switch mounted on or in conjunction withframe 12 over theslide 16 Positioned substantially in the plane of thecase conveyor 46 are a pair of alignedrotatable roller stops 70, lever connected at apivot 72 byarms 74, 76, the latter being fixedly secured to across shaft 78 for elevating and lowering therollers 70, 70. Adjacent and forward of themembers 80 supporting therollers 76 is amicroswitch 82, normallyopen, mounted on theframing 50 and against which themember 80 will be moved upon engagement of therollers 70 by acase 44 being, translated on and by theconveyor 46. Shaft 78 is rotated by thelever 84 androd 86 pivoted at 88,rod 86 being the piston rod inhydraulic cylinder 90 pivotally mounted at 92. When actuated,rod 86 is forced uwardly and rotates theshaft 78 to move therollers 70 upwardly and into the plane of thecases 44; upon reverse movement, therollers 70 are drawn downwardly into the plane of theconveyor 46, permitting the case (now unloaded) to be carried out of range of theapparatus 10 by thecase conveyor 46. The weighted air switch in conjunction with thecylinder 56 operates to hold the roller stops 70 in the plane of theconveyor 46 under thecase 44 which is now in movement thereover. As theslide 16 travels forward to its outboard position over the bottle conveyor 1% the weighted air switch is tripped by the slide or a contact member on the slide to temporarily hold therollers 70 under and out of engagement with thecase 44 then passing thereover until aproximately one-half of the case length has travelled beyond its initial stop position. Upon release of the weighted air switch by the slide or its contact member the rollers are forced upwardly by thecylinder 90 into a position elevating thecase 44 then passing thereover and into stop position for the next case then approaching the rollers. The air valve controlling the operation of thecase grasping holder 64 is a two-way holding valve for theair cylinder 56,, whereby thecase holder 64 engages thecase 44 on its conveyor until the slide and carrier unit is elevated from its bottle grasping position adjacent the case, and then the case clamp is released upon reverse action of thecylinder 56. Such case clamping action is necessary to resist upward movement of the case should bottles become wedged between the partitions of the case as they are withdrawn from their positions therebetween.

Power drive means for thebottle conveyor 160 comprises theelectric motor 102driving speed reducer 104 on itssupport 106, achain drive 108rotating shaft 110, and adrive mechanism 112 driven by shaft and driving theconveyor shaft 114. Thebottle conveyor 100 is mounted on framing 42 and comprises an endless series of link connected plates driven byshaft 114 through rollers and sprockets to carrybottles 116 away from the area of discharge when unloaded from thecases 44. Disposed on theconveyor framing 42 at a position beyond theapparatus 10 is a micro-switch 11S engageable by bottles 11,6 moving adjacent the switch support as they are carried along on theconveyor 160. This switch is normally closed but is opened whenbottles 116 engage it at the side of the conveyor.Switch 118 is in circuit with thecase conveyor micro-switch 82. Whenswitch 118 is open (bottles engaging it) the carrier and slide will not lower to case unloading position, even thoughswitch 82 is engaged by acase 44. However, when switch 113 is closed (its normal condition) andswitch 82 is also closed, the carrier and slide will operate.

surmounted onframe 12 are themembers 120 pivotally supporting ahydraulic cylinder 122 in a position over the area of thecase conveyor 46 and substantially central of the same within the compass on theframe 12. Thepiston rod 124 of thecylinder 122 is secured to theslide support 125 at 126, the support being fixedly secured to thebearings 127 slidable onvertical columns 128, 128 adjacent theframe members 36; 36 at the sides of'the apparatus. Secured to thebearings 127, 127 are the slide supports 129 having a series of spaced rollers 130 facing inwardly and upon which theslide ways 132 roll in their movement toward and away from thebottle conveyor 100. Thecarrier 14 is secured to theslide 16 bysuitable framing 133, 133.

Secured to theslide 16 in underposed position is thebottle carrier 14 having its pivoting jaws linked bylevers 142, 144 and operated bylevers 146, 148 respectively and pivoting on thepins 150, 152 and 154, 156 which are disposed in spaced openings in thelevers 146, 148 respectively. The rearward ends oflevers 146, 148 are pivotally linked to thehydraulic cylinder 160 having piston heads 162, 164 at each end thereof.Lever 146 is linked to thepiston head 162 at 166 andlever 148 topiston head 164 at 168. As thecylinder 160 is actuated, the piston heads move in the same direction to open or close the jaws 140 (FIGURES 8, 9 and 10). Upon actuation of thecylinder 160 to close the jaws (FIGURE 8), thehead 164 engages the micro-switch 170 mounted on theslide frame 125, the switch being normally open, and sending the slide and carrier back up to the elevated position shown in FIGURE 3. Thejaws 140 pivot onpins 172 rotatably secured inend plates 174 of thecarrier 14. Disposed on a framingmember 30 inwardly thereof (FIGURE 4) is a micro-switch engageable by acontact bar 182 fixed to abearing 127, whereby when this switch is closed by its contact bar thejaws 140 are caused to close upon the necks ofbottles 116 in thecase 44 by operation of theair cylinder 160, and thegate 184 adjacent thebottle conveyor 106 is caused to be lowered byhydraulic cylinders 186, 186 mounted on the framingmembers 28, 28 (FIGURE 1). Upon lowering of thegate 184, the way is clear for thebottles 116 to be carried outwardly of framing 12 to a discharge position over thebottle conveyor 100.

Theslide 16 is provided with-abearing roller 190 rotatably mounted thereon toward its rearward end and disposed in ayoke 192 pivotally supported onmembers 194 secured on therotatable shaft 196. Secured to the yoke at themember 198 is a hydraulic cylinder 260 pivotally mounted at 202 on theframe member 204. Upon actuation of thecylinder 200, the yoke is pivoted forwardly causing thecarrier 14 to move outwardly of theframe 12 to its bottle discharge position over thebottle conveyor 100. This movement is triggered by themicroswitch 210 supported on the framing member 32 (FIG- URE 4), as theframe 125 is elevated bypiston rod 124, and thecontact member 214 on thebearing 127 engages theswitch 210.

Mounted on theslide frame 125 is a micro-switch 220 disposed adjacent an edge of the frame for engagement with acontact bar 222 secured to a bearing 128'and projecting inwardly in the path of theswitch 220 as theslide 16 moves forwardly to place thecarrier 14 over the bottle conveyor 100 (FIGURE 5). The closing ofswitch 220 by thecontact 222 actuates theair cylinder 160 so as to open the clampingjaws 140, releasingbottles 116 held thereby to the bottle conveyor 1%. Since the bottles are carried at a level elevated above the conveyor, they drop a short distance thereonto, and are not deposited thereon by thecarrier 14. At the same time as switch 226' causes thejaws 140 to open, the air cylinder 260 is also actuated to return the slide and carrier to its retracted position over thecase conveyor 46. However, the carrier will not be retracted ifbottle conveyor switch 118 is open by virtue ofbottles 116 engaging the switch and holding it open, or if there is nocase 44 engaging therollers 70, in which event thecase conveyor switch 82 is open. 7

Upon return of the slide and carrier to the elevated position shown in FIGURE 6, after discharge ofbottles 116, themicro-switch 230, mounted onsupport 232 secured to frame 12 at its rearward end, is engaged by the end of theslide 16 or a contact member thereon. Ifbottle conveyor switch 118 is open, theswitch 230 sends the carrier and slide down toward thecase 44, as in FIGURE 7.

Anothermicro-switch 240 is disposed on theslide 16 in a position slightly forward of that taken byswitch 220. Theswitch 240 is engaged by amember 242 mounted on theframing support 125 beforeswitch 220 is engaged by itscontact member 222. Upon closingswitch 240, theair cylinders 186 are caused to reverse and to elevate thegate 184 into bottle guiding position, before thejaws 140 open and releasebottles 116 to the conveyor.

The air valves referred to in the specification and in the drawing FIGURE 12 are of a solenoid type, identified in the trade as Bellows, that are adjustable for operation at any rate of speed for response within the limits of the valves as established by the manufacturer. These valves control the various air cylinders described above and operate upon sensing of the micro-switches referrcd to herein.

In operation, the case unloading apparatus or machine is provided with a source of electrical energy such as is shown in the wiring diagram, FIGURE 13. The line switch, when closed, feeds current to thecase conveyor micro-switch 82 which, upon contact by roller member as acase 44 strikes therollers 70, initiates the cycle of operation. When theswitch 82 is closed,air cylinder 56 is actuated and thecase clamp 64 is pivoted into case holding position, forcing acase 44 onconveyor 46 againstbumper 52. Theair cylinder 122 is energized and sends the slide and carrier down to thecase 44 havingbottles 116 therein. When thecontact bar 182 engagesswitch 180, the clamping jaws close over the necks and heads ofbottles 116 in thecase 44 and simultaneously theair cylinders 186, at each side of the frame adjacent thebottle conveyor 100, are charged withair and lower thegate 184, which serves as a guide and fence for the bottles on the conveyor when in elevated position. Upon closing of the clamping jaws, thecylinder 164, or a member thereon, engages the micro-switch which sends the slide and carrier to its elevated position, FIGURE 3. Upon reaching that plane, the contact bar 214 (FIG- URE 4) has engaged themicro-switch 210, and the slide and carrier are moved forwardly byair cylinder 200 operating throughyoke 192 and theroller bearing 190 mounted onslide 16. When the slide has advanced thecarrier 14 to its discharge position over thebottle conveyor 100, themicro-switch 220 engages thecontact bar 222 mounted on the bearing 127 (FIGURES 4 and 5), causing theair cylinder 160 to reverse itself andopen jaws 140, releasing the bottles over the conveyor. Just beforeswitch 220 is engaged and closed, themicroswitch 240 onslide 116 is engaged bycontact member 242 causing theair cylinders 186 to reverse and elevate thegate 184 to guide position, as in FIGURES 3, 5 and 6. On opening the clampingjaws 140, theswitch 220 also actuates thecylinder 200 causing the slide and carrier to be retracted to its initial position over the case conveyor, as seen in FIGURE 6, ready for the next cycle.

Should thebottle conveyor switch 118 be engaged by bottles on the conveyor and held in open position, thecarrier 14 will not retract from its position over thebottle conveyor 100 even thoughcase conveyor switch 82 is engaged. Theswitch 118 must be open and switch 82 closed to effect retraction of the carrier. Similarly, switch 82 and switch 230 must both be closed to effect lowering of the slide and carrier to bottle clamping po sition.

Reference is made to the diagrammatic layout of the hydraulic system, which is preferably an air system under pressure, FIGURE 12, and to the wiring diagram, FIG- URE 13, for a comprehensive view of the electrical and 6 hydraulic relationships of the sensing and actuating mechanism described above.

It will be observed and understood from the description given above and by reference to the drawings that the embodiment of the invention here described and illustrated comprises amachine 10 having positive features for maximum reliability and performance. At any time, an operator can observe the functional performance of the machine. In the event of a deficiency in function, maintenance and repairs are relatively simple and easy to make and at relatively low cost. The function of the machine is controlled from step to step by sensitive fast acting micro-switches and fully responsive air cylinders. The high speed actuation of the machine is such that half-gallon milk bottles can be unloaded from cases and discharged onto the bottle conveyor at the rate of 90-120 per minute, and quart bottles at the rate of 240 per minute.

Having described the invention in its simplest terms, it will be understood by persons skilled in the art to which the invention pertains that the features of construction can be changed and varied in greater or lesser degree without departing from the essence of the invention defined in the appended claims.

I claim:

1. In apparatus for unloading bottles from a case on a case conveyor to a bottle conveyor, a frame for said apparatus, a portion of said apparatus disposed-above and adjacent said case conveyor, means adjacent said case conveyor sensing the presence of a case thereon in the area of said apparatus, means for translating said bot-ties from said case to said bottle conveyor supported by said frame and movable thereon and therewithin, second sensing means responsive to contact by said translation means upon downward movement to said case, means in said translation means for clamping said case-held bottles responsive to said second sensing means, third sensing means responsive to upward travel of said translation means from said case, means for projecting said translation means in its elevated plane from its position above said case to a position above said bottle conveyor responsive to said third sensing means, fourth sensing means responsive to projected movement of said translation means, said bottle clamping means operatively responsive to said fourth sensing means to unclamp said bottles for discharge to said bottle conveyor, fifth sensing means responsive to return movement of a contact with said translation means for initiation of another cycle of operation by said translation means, and a plurality of hydraulic power devices actuated by said plurality of sensing means and operatively conjoined with said bottle translation means, said case sensing means on said case conveyor comprising a pair of conjoined rollers disposed slightly above the plane of said conveyor in case stopping position, hinged supports for said rollers, a hydraulic power device associatedly connected with said supports and responsive to contact responsive means sens ing said case mounted on said conveyor, said rollers being retractable into the plane of said case conveyor and projectable from said plane into case blocking attitude by said latter power device.

2. In apparatus for unloading bottles from a bottle carrying case onto a bottle conveyor, a frame for said apparatus, means for translating said bottles from said case to said bottle conveyor, a plurality of means sensing the vertical and horizontal movements of said translation means, said bottle translation means operably responsive to said sensing means, hydraulically operable devices actuated by said plurality of sensing means and operatively conjoined with said translation means to vertically lower and elevate and horizontally project and retract said translation means, said translation means comprising a unitary slide and bottle carrier, said carrier being fixedly secured to said slide, means supporting and guiding said slide and carrier in vertical movement to and from a bottle clamping position at said case and in horizontal movement to and from a bottle discharge position at said bottle conveyor, said sensing means comprising contact sensitive switches associated with said hydraulically operable debottle conveyor, a'vertically movable gate being disposed adjacent said bottle conveyor, hydraulically operable devices mounted on said frame and movably supporting said gate, said gate being disposed in its elevated position adjacent and above the plane of said bottle conveyor and in its lowered position adjacent and below the plane of said bottle conveyor.

3. The apparatus defined inclaim 2, wherein said gate supporting devices are operably responsive to sensing means mounted on said translation means when in contact with a frame mounted contact member.

References Cited by the Examiner UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,641,371 6/1953 Webster 214-89 2,862,633 12/1958 Stiles 214309 3,167,201 1/1965 Quayle 214730 FOREIGN PATENTS 94,766 3/ 1957 Norway.

MARVIN A. CHAMPION, Primary Examiner.

GERALD M. FORLENZA, Examiner.

A. GRANT, Assistant Examiner.

Claims (1)

1. IN APPARTUS FOR UNLOADING BOTTLES FROM A CASE ON A CASE CONVEYOR TO A BOTTLE CONVEYOR, A FRAME FOR SAID APPARATUS, A PORTION OF SAID APPARATUS DISPOSED ABOVE SAID ADJACENT SAID CASE CONVEYOR, MEANS ADJACENT SAID CASE CONVEYOR SENSING THE PRESENCE OF A CASE THEREON IN THE AREA OF SAID APPARATUS, MEANS FOR TRANSLATING SAID BOTTLES FROM SAID CASE TO SAID BOTTLE CONVEYOR SUPPORTED BY SAID FRAME AND MOVABLE THEREON AND THEREWITHIN, SECOND SENSING MEANS RESPONSIVE TO CONTACT BY SAID TRANSLATION MEANS UPON DOWNWARD MOVEMENT TO SAID CASE, MEANS IN SAID TRANSLATION MEANS FOR CLAMPING SAID CASE-HELD BOTTLES RESPONSIVE TO SAID SECOND SENSING MEANS, THIRD SENSING MEANS RESPONSIVE TO UPWARD TRAVEL OF SAID TRANSLATION MEANS FROM SAID CASE, MEANS FOR PROJECTING SAID TRANSLATION MEANS IN ITS ELEVATED PLANE FROM ITS POSITION ABOVE SAID CASE TO A POSITION ABOVE SAID BOTTLE CONVEYOR RESPONSIVE TO SAID THIRD SENSING MEANS, FOURTH SENSING MEANS RESPONSIVE TO PROJECT MOVEMENT OF SAID TRANSLATION MEANS, SAID BOTTLE CLAMPING MEANS OPERATIVELY RESPONSIVE TO SAID FOURTH SENSING MEANS TO UNCLAMP SAID BOTTLES FOR DISCHARGE TO SAID BOTTLE CONVEYOR, FIFTH SENSING MEANS RESPONSIVE TO RETURN MOVEMENT OF A CONTACT WITH SAID TRANSLATION MEANS FOR INITIATION OF ANOTHER CYCLE OF OPERATION BY SAID TRANSLATION MEANS, AND A PLURALITY OF SENSING MEANS AND OPERATIVELY CONJOINED WITH PLUALITY OF SENSING MEANS AND OPERATIVELY CONJOINED WITH SAID BOTTLE TRANSLATION MEANS, SAID CASE SENSING MEANS ON SAID CASE CONVEYOR COMPRISING A PAIR OF CONJOINED ROLLERS DISPOSED SLIGHTLY ABOVE THE PLANE OF SAID CONVEYOR IN CASE STOPPING POSITION, HINGED SUPPORTS FOR SAID ROLLERS, A HYDRAULIC POWER DEVICE ASSOCIATEDLY CONNECTED WITH SAID SUPPORTS AND RESPONSIVE TO CONTACT RESPONSIVE MEANS SENSING SAID CASE MOUNTED ON SAID CONVEYOR, SAID ROLLERS BEING RETRACTABLE INTO THE PLANE OF SAID CASE CONVEYOUR AND PROJECTABLE FROM SAID PLANE INTO CASE BLOCKING ATTITUDE BY SAID LATTER POWER DEVICE.

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