Sept. 5, 1961 c. CURRY CASSETTE CHANGER FOR FEZMORAL ARTERIOGRAPHY Filed Feb. 24, 1959 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR Charles L. Curry BY Zo W Fig.3
ATTORNEY Sept. 5, 1961 c. L. CURRY 2,999,159
CASSETTE CHANGER FOR FEMORAL ARTERIOGRAPHY Filed Feb. 24, 1959 2SheetsSheet 2 INVENTOR Charles L. Curry ATTORNEY nited States Pate This invention relates to a cassette changer for femoral arteriography, and it concerns more particularly an X- ray table for use in femoral arteriography having incorporated therein an automatic cassette changer.
In femoral arteriography, which involves taking X-ray pictures of a patients legs for the purpose of studying the condition of his arteries, it is common practice to inject a dye in a leg artery, for use as a tracer, and thereafter to take one or more X-ray pictures of the leg.
An object of this invention is to provide an improved apparatus whereby a series of X-ray pictures may be taken of a patients leg, upon injection of such a tracer, showing progressively longitudinal sections of the leg as the tracer advances along the artery.
Another object of the invention is to provide apparatus for use in femoral arteriography comprising, in combination with an X-ray table adapted to support a patient in position for taking X-ray pictures of his legs, automatic means for presenting in rapid succession, for predetermined time intervals, a series of prepared X-ray film units, commonly referred to as cassettes, in operative position below the table top, and below one of the patients legs supported on the table top, whereby the cassettes are adapted to be progressively exposed to the action of X-rays from a source positioned above the table.
Another object of the invention is to provide apparatus as described which includes a polygonal drum rotatably mounted on a fixed shaft arranged longitudinally of the table, below the top thereof, the drum being formed of lead sheeting and having means for attaching cassettes to the respective sides thereof, and arranged in advancing sequence, a coil springsurrounding the shaft and acting on the drum to rotate it relative to the shaft, mutually engaging means carried by the table and the drum adapted to releasably secure the drum in each of several rotative positions, whereby the cassettes are successively presented in operative position below the table top, and electrically operable means for releasing the mutually engaging means.
Another object of the invention is to provide apparatus as described in which the shaft carrying the cassettes supporting drum is rigidly secured to a sub-frame which is supported on the frame of the table, below its top, for longitudinal movement relative thereto, whereby the eassette supporting drum is conveniently accessible.
Another object of the invention is to provide apparatus as described which permits the use of cassettes of relatively small size, which are substantially less expensive than larger ones.
Another object of the invention is to provide apparatus as described whereby a series of X-ray pictures may be taken of a patients leg, upon injection of a tracer, showing progressively longitudinal sections of the leg as the tracer advances along the artery, the section shown in at least one of the pictures being partially coextensive with the section shown in another picture of the series. The tracer dye usually advances relatively fast and it is desirable to expose the cassettes along the course of the tracer progressively in order to insure a clear and accurate picture which may not result by the use of a single cassette showing the entire arterial system along the leg in a single exposure.
Another object of the invention is to provide apparatus as described in which the width of each side of the cassette supporting drum corresponds substantially to the width of a cassette, the drum being substantially Another object of the invention is to provide appara-. tus as described in which the table top has lead strips arranged along opposite sides thereof and extending a portion of its length corresponding substantially to the length of the cassette supporting drum, the lead strips being spaced apart from each other a distance corresponding substantially to the width of a cassette.
Another object of the invention is to provide apparatus as described which is of simple, rugged construction, is. adapted to be manufactured inexpensively, and is efii cient in operation and durable in use.
The invention will be readily understood by referring to the following description and the accompanying drawing, in which:
FIGURE 1 is a perspective view of an X-ray table embodying the invention, the top of the table being removed to show the cassette supporting drum.
FIGURE 2 is a top plan view of the table top.
FIGURE 3 is a fragmentary sectionalelevational view,-
on an enlarged scale, taken on the line 3-3 of FIG- URE 2.
FIGURE 4 is a top plan view of the table, showing the top removed.
FIGURE 5 is a side elevational view of the table, showing the top in place.
FIGURE 6 is a sectional elevational view taken on the line 6-6 of FIGURE 5.
FIGURE 7 is a cross sectional view of the cassette supporting drum and the fixed shaft on which the same is rotatably supported, and
FIGURE 8 is a view similar to FIGURE 7, showing a modified form of the cassette supporting drum. 1
Referring to the drawing, the numeral -1 designates generally the frame of an X-ray table adapted to support a patient in position for taking X-ray pictures of his legs, and thenumeral 2 designates the top thereof.
As shown, the frame 1 is generally rectangular, and is supported at its corners on two pairs of legs 3', which, havecasters 4. Two pairs ofside rails 5 are each connected at its ends to thelegs 3 of one pair. Theside rails 5 of each pair are spaced vertically relative to each other, and are connected to thecorresponding legs 3 adjacent their upper and lower ends, respectively. A pairv ofend rails 6, which are positioned adjacent opposite ends of the frame 1, are each connected at its ends to aleg 3 of each pair, adjacent its lower end.
A cross bar 7, which is positioned adjacent one end of the frame 1, is connected at its ends to aleg 3 of each, pair, intermediate its ends, in vertically spaced relation to theadjacent end rail 6, for use as hereinafter described. A pair ofcross bars 8 are positioned adjacent opposite ends of the frame 1, and are supported at their ends on theuppermost side rails 5.
A sub-frame, which is indicated generally by the numeral 9, is supported on the frame 1, below thetop 2,.
12 which extend laterally outwardly from opposite sides-'- of the sub-frame 9, for use as hereinafter described. Theend members 11 advantageously may be right angular in transverse section.
A pair ofrollers 13, which are mounted onbrackets 14 secured to theuppermost side rails 5, intermediate their ends, are engageable under theflanges 12 of therespective side bars 10, whereby the sub-frame 9 is adapted to be supported for longitudinal movement relative to theframe 1.
A pair ofrollers 15, which are mounted onbrackets 16 secured to the uppermost side rails near one end of the frame 1, are engageable over theflanges 12 of the respective side bars to thereby limit pivotal movement of the adjacent end of the sub-frame 9 about therollers 13 in an upward direction while at the same time permitting downward pivotal movement thereof.
Afixed shaft 17 is arranged longitudinally of the sub frame 9, along its longitudinal center line, and is rigidly connected to theend members 11. One end of theshaft 17 extends outwardly beyond theadjacent end member 11, as at 13, for engagement with aclamp 19 mounted on the cross bar 7, whereby the extendedend 18 of theshaft 17 is adapted'to be removably secured to the frame 1.
The ends of theside bars 10 adjacent the extendedend 18 of theshaft 17 are additionally connected in parallel, spaced apart relation to each other by aflat plate 23, which is also connected to theshaft 17. Theplate 26 serves as a spacer element, whereby theside bars 10 and theshaft 17 are rigidly connected in parallel, spaced apart relation to each other, and also serves as a counter weight, the weight thereof being balanced against the weight of the opposite end of the sub-frame 9.
Apolygonal drum 21 is rotatably mounted on theshaft 17,adjacent the end thereof opposite the extendedend 18. Thedrum 21 comprises a light metal frame which may be enclosed by lead sheeting and has means as hereinafter described for attaching cassettes, indicated by thenumerals 22, to the respective sides thereof.
A plurality ofstrips 23, which extend across the several sides of thedrum 21, are each engageable with an end portion of acassette 22, and a plurality of pairs ofclips 24, which are attached to the sides of the drum 2-1 in spaced apart relation to therespective strips 23, are engageable with the ends of thecassettes 22 opposite thestrips 23, whereby thecassettes 22 are adapted to be removably secured to the sides of thedrum 21. Each side ofthedrum 21 has a pair oflongitudinal flanges 25 positioned adjacent the edges thereof. Theflanges 25 are erzigageable with the longitudinal edges of thecassettes 2 The sides of thedrum 21 are substantially rectangular, and the width of each side corresponds substantially to the width of acassette 22. Thedrum 21 is substantially longer than thecassettes 22, and the positions of thestrips 23 and theclips 24 are such that thecassettes 22 are adapted to be secured, respectively, to adjoining sides of thedrum 21 in progressively spaced relation to the ends of thedrum 21.
As shown in FIGURES 1 to 7, thedrum 21 has four siges, while FIGURE 8 shows adrum 21 having six si es.
Acoil spring 26 surrounds theshaft 17 and is connected at its ends to theshaft 17 and thedrum 21. Thespring 26 acts on thedrum 21 to rotate it relative to theshaft 17. Thespring 26 is enclosed within aspring housing 27 which is attached to the end of thedrum 21 nearest the'extendedend 18 of theshaft 17, in spaced apart relation to theplate 20.
Acircular flange 28 surrounds theshaft 17 and is attached to the end of thedrum 21 opposite thespring housing 27, in opposed relation to the adjacent end member -11 of the sub-frame 9. A plurality of circumferentially spacedindentations 29 are formed in the peripheral edge of the flange 28' for engagement by apin 30, which is actuated by asolenoid 31 mounted on abracket 32 attached to theadjacent end member 11. Thepin 30 is adapted to releasably secure thedrum 21 in each of several rotative positions, whereby thecassettes 22 are successively presented in operative position below thetable top 2. Thepin 30 is adapted to be disengaged from therespective indentations 29 upon energizing thesolenoid 31.
The invention contemplates the use of suitable electrical circuits (not shown) whereby thedrum 21 may be caused to move from one rotative position to another, according to a predetermined cycle, whereby thecassettes 22 are successively presented in operative position below thetable top 2, for predetermined time intervals, automatically upon closing a single switch.
A pair oflead strips 33 are arranged along opposite sides of thetable top 2, and extend a portion of its length corresponding substantially to the length of thedrum 21. Thelead strips 33 are spaced apart from each other a distance corresponding substantially to the width of acassette 22.
The lead of thedrum 21 prevents exposure of more than one of thecassettes 22 at a time, and the lead of thestrips 33 prevents scattered radiation.
The apparatus shown is fully automatic, and is adapted to be operated by remote control, whereby only the patient needs to be exposed to radiation, the operator remaining in a safe place.
The invention may be modified in various ways without departing from the spirit and scope thereof.
What is claimed is:
1. Apparatus for use in femoral arteriography comprising, in combination with an X-ray table adapted to support a patient in position for taking X-ray pictures of his legs, automatic means for presenting in rapid succession, for predetermined time intervals, 21 series of cassettes in operative position below the table top, and below one of the patients legs supported on the table top, the said automatic means comprising a rotatable polygonal drum carrying one of said cassettes on each planar side thereof and spaced longitudinally of said drum whereby the cassettes are adapted to be progressively exposed to the action of X-rays from a source positioned above the table and at different stations therealong.
2. Apparatus for use in femoral arteriography comprising, in combination with an X-ray table adapted to support a patient in position for taking X-ray pictures of his legs, a polygonal drum rotatably mounted on a fixcd shaft arranged longitudinally of the table, below the top thereof, the drum being formed of lead and having means for attaching a cassette to each of the respective sides thereof, and spacedlongitudinally of said drum, a coil spring surrounding the shaft and acting on the drum to rotate it relative to the shaft, mutually engaging means carried by the table and the drum adapted to releasably secure the drum in each of several rotative positions, whereby the cassettes are successively presented in operative position below the table top, and at different successive stations therealong and electrically operable means for releasing the mutually engaging means.
3. Apparatus for use in femoral arteriography comprising, in combination with an X-ray table having a frame and a top supported on the frame, a sub-frame having means supporting it on the frame of the table, below its top, for longitudinal movement relative to the table, whereby the sub-frame is movable from a retracted position, in which it is disposed below the table top to an extended position in which it extends longitudinally beyond the adjacent end of the table top, a fixed shaft arranged longitudinally of the sub-frame, a polygonal drum rotatably mounted on the shaft, the drum being formed of lead and having means for attaching :1 cassette to each of the respective sides thereof, the said cassettes arranged at different spacings along said drum, a coil spring surrounding the shaft and acting on the drum to rotate it relative to the shaft, mutually engaging means carried by the sub-frame and the drum adapted to releasably secure the drum in each of several rotative positions, whereby the cassettes are successively presented in different operative positions below and along the length of the table top, and electrically operable means for releasing the mutually engaging means.
4. The structure ofclaim 2, the sides of the drum being substantially rectangular and the width of each side corresponding substantially to the width of a cassette, the drum being substantially longer than the cas- 10 settes and having means for securing the respective cassettes to adjoining sides thereof in progressively spaced relation to its ends.
5. The structure ofclaim 2, the tabletop having lead 5 to the width of a cassette.
References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,858,445 Kizaur Oct. 28, 1958 2,881,323 Clark Apr. 7, 1959 FOREIGN PATENTS 407,790 Germany Jan. 2, 1925 1,041,350 Germany Oct. 16, 1958