US2931480A - Coin separators - Google Patents

Description

E. L. HEIM COIN SEPARATORS April 5, 1960 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 Fixed.lay 20, 1954 am 0% T vN mm on am E a R 0. n J um W i 0Q N N:

a, m2 8 m w mwzuroa. EDWARD L. HE/M A TTORNEY E. L- HEIM COIN SEPARATORS 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed llay 20, 1954 mvsrvmx. EDWARD L. HE/M ATTORNEY United States Patent COIN SEPARATORS Edward L. Helm, Normandy, Mo., assignor, by mesne assignments, to National Rejectors, Inc., a corporation of Missouri Application May 20, 1954, Serial No. 431,051

Claims. (Cl. 194-102) This invention relates to improvements in coin separators. More particularly, this invention relates to improvements in the coin-sizing gauges for coin separators.

It is, therefore, an object of the present invention to provide an improved coin-sizing gauge for coin separators.

Coin separators are intended to separate authentic from spurious coins; the separators being intended to accept the authentic coins and to reject the spurious coins. Coin separators customarily have coin-sizing gauges which can measure the coins introduced into the coin separators and which can accept coins of a predetermined diameter but which can reject coins that exceed that diameter. The value of any coin separator is largely based upon its ability to segregate the spurious coins from the authentic coins; and the coin-sizing gauges of coin-separators largely determine the ability of those coin-separators to segregate the spurious from the authentic coins. While a number of coin-sizing gauges have been proposed and while a number of such gauges are now being used, it would be desirable to provide a coin-sizing gauge which is more accurate than present coin-sizing gauges. The present invention provides such a highly accurate coinsizing gauge for coin separators; that coin-sizing gauge readily separating spurious coins that are only a very small amount larger than the authentic coins which can be accepted by that coin-sizing gauge. It is, therefore, an object of the present invention to provide a highly accurate coin-sizing gauge for coin separators.

The coin-sizing gauge provided by the present invention has relatively movable coin-receiving surfaces. The spacing between the coin-receiving surfaces of that coin-sizing gauge will change as the coin-sizing gauge is actuated by coins introduced into the coin separator. The initial spacing of the coinreceiving surfaces of the coinsizing gauge is small enough to enable that gauge to receive and support all authentic coins and a number of coins which are larger than the authentic coins. That spacing will increase. as the coin-sizing gauge is actuated, until that spacing is large enough to accept authentic coins; but that spacing will not increase to the point where over-sized coins can be accepted, instead, those over-sized coins will be rejected by the gauge. In this way, the authentic coins can be directed to an accepted coin chute while the over-sized coins can be held against movement toward that chute. it is, therefore, an object of the present invention to provide a coin-sizing gauge with relatively movable coin-receiving surfaces which are initially spaced apart a predetermined distance and which move relative to each other whenever a coin actuates that gauge.

The final distance between the coin-receiving surfaces of the coin-sizing gauge. provided by the present invention, can be adjusted and then fixed. This is desirable because it enables the size of the accepted coins to be predetermined with great accuracy. In addition. it makes it possible for one size of coin-sizing gauge to be adjusted to accommodate but to distinguish between coins of closely similar diameter. In addition, the adjustment of "ice the position of one coin-receiving surface relative to the other enables the coin-sizing gauge to compensate for any wear of the coin-receiving surfaces. It is, therefore, an object of the present invention to provide a coin-sizing gauge wherein the position of one of the coin-receiving surfaces thereof can be adjusted relative to the position of the other coin-receiving surface thereof.

A rejected coin chute is provided adjacent the coinsizing gauge of the present invention. One of the coinreceiving surfaces of the coin-receiving gauge of the present invention moves past that rejected coin chute when it is actuated by a coin. If the coin has the proper diameter and weight, that one coinreceiving surface will support that coin and carry it past the rejected coin chute. However, if that coin has a diameter appreciably smaller than the authentic coin, that one coin-receiving surface can permit the spurious coin to fall into the rejected coin chute. it is, therefore, an object of the present invention to provide a rejected coin chute adjacent a coin-sizing gauge and to have one of the coin-receiving surfaces of that gauge carry authentic coins past that rejected coin chute.

One of the coin-receiving surfaces of the coin sizing gauge provided by the present invention is stationary. The other coin-receiving surface of that gauge is rotatable about a pivot which is spaced from the stationary coinreceiving surface. Accordingly, the distance between the movable coin-receiving surface and the stationary coinreceiving surface will change as the movable coin-receiving surface is acted upon by a coin. The spacing between the pivot for the movable coin-receiving surface and the stationary coin-receiving surface can be adjusted at will. Such an adjustment will determine the size of the coins that will be accepted and rejected by the coin-sizing gauge. It is, therefore. an object of the present invention to provide a coin-sizing gauge which has a stationary coinreceiving surface and which has an adjustable pivot for the movable coin-receiving surface of that gauge.

The coin separator provided by the present invention has a feeler wire that can enter the coin passageway and can intercept any washers that attempt to pass through that passageway. This feeler wire is disposed adjacent the coin-sizing gauge provided by the present invention, and that coin-sizing gauge will direct the coins past the portion of the passageway in which the feeler operates. If a washer is passing through the passageway, the feeler wire will intercept that washer; and thereafter the coin-sizing gauge will move the feeler wire out of the passageway and permit the washer to fall to the rejected coin chute. This is an improvement over prior coin separators wherein washers that were intercepted by the feeler wire had to be scavenged out of the passageway. With the coin-sizing gauge and the feeler wire provided by the present invention, the washers are automatically freed and permitted to drop to the rejected coin chute.

The coin-sizing gauge of the present invention can also be used to separate as many as four coins of different. denomination. One of those coins can pass between the coin-receiving surfaces of that gauge without actuating that gauge, an ther of those coins can activate the coin-sizing gauge and be transported to a coin-receiving chute, another of those coins can roll off the outer face of the movable coin-receiving surface of that gauge after that gauge has rotated a short distance, and the last of those coins can roll off that outer face of that surface of the gauge after the gauge has rotated still further. It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a coin-sizing gauge that can separate four coins of different denominations.

Other and further objects and advantages of the present invention should become apparent from an examination of the drawing and accompanying description.

In the drawing and accompanying description, several preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown and described but it is to be understood that the drawing and accompanying description are for the purpose of illustration only and do not limit the invention and that the invention will be defined by the appended claims.

In the drawing, Fig. l is a front elevational view of one form of coin separator that is made in accordance with the principles and teachings of the present invention,

Fig. 2 is a partially broken away, partially sectioned end view of the coin separator of Fig. 1,

Fig. 3 is a rear elevational view of the upper part of the coin separator of Figs. 1 and 2,

Fig. 4 is an enlarged front elevational view of a portion of the gate of the coin separator of Figs. 1-3,

Fig. 5 is a plan view of the coin separator of Figs. 1-4,

Fig. 6 is a plan view of the coin separator of Figs 1-5, and it shows that coin separator as it is being scavenged,

Fig. 7 is a sectional view of the coin separator of Figs. l-6, and it is taken along the plane indicated by the line 7-7 in Fig. 2,

Fig. 8 is a view of part of the gate of Fig. 7, and it shows a slightly advanced position of the movable coinreceiving surface in dotted lines,

Fig. 9 is another view of the said part of the gate of Fig. 7, and it shows, by dotted lines, the movable coinreceiving surface in a further advanced position,

Fig. 10 is another view of the said part of the gate of Fig. 7, and it shows. by solid lines, the movable coinreceiving surface in fully advanced position,

Fig. 11 is an enlarged sectional view in plan through the coin separator adjacent the movable coin-receiving surface of the coin-sizing gauge,

Fig. i2 is a sectional view of another form of coin separator provided by the present invention, and it is taken along the plane indicated by the line l2-l2 in Fig. 13,

Fig. 13 is a sectional view of the coin separator of Fig. 12, and it is taken along the plane indicated by the line 13-13 in Fig. 12,

Fig. 14 is a sectional view of still another form of coin separator provided by the present invention, and

Fig. 15 is a schematic diagram explaining the separating movement of the coin-receiving surfaces of the coinsizing gauge of the present invention.

Referring to the drawing in detail, the numeral generally denotes the frame of a coin separator that is made in accordance with the principles and teachings of the present invention. That frame has a vertically extendingflange 22 at the right-hand edge thereof and has a vertically extendingflange 24 at the left-hand edge thereof. Twoears 26 are provided on theflange 22 and those ears extend toward theflange 24. Openings are provided in the inner ends of thecars 26 and apivot pin 28 extends through those openings. Agate 30 has a O-shapedbracket 32 at the right-hand edge thereof, and openings are provided in the top and bottom of that bracket. Thepivot pin 28 extends through the openings in the top and bottom of that bracket and thereby holds the gate for rotation relative to thecars 26. A helically woundspring 34 is telescoped over thepivot pin 28, and one end of that spring bears against the C-shapedbracket 32 of thegate 30 while the other end of that spring bears against theflange 22 of theframe 20. This spring biases thegate 30 for rotation toward the center wall of theframe 20. However, apin 35 is carried on the rear face of thegate 30, and that pin will engage the center wall of theframe 20 and limit the rotation of thegate 30 toward that center wall. The length of thepin 35 is selected so that pin can hold thegate 30 away from the center wall of the frame 20 a distance just slightly greater than the thickness of an authentic coin. Where this is done, thegate 30 will co-act with the center wall of theframe 20 and with thepin 35 to test the thickness of coins introduced into the coin separator. Authentic coins will pass between the center wall of theframe 20 and thegate 30, but thicker coins will be held against movement into the passageway provided by the coin separator.

A generallyrectangular opening 36 is provided in thegate 30. This opening is somewhat larger than, and is intended to accommodate amagnet keeper 38. This keeper is a plate of magnetic material, which has an off-set portion 40 at the upper end thereof, and that offset portion has two centering pins 42. The centering pins 42 will extend into corresponding openings in the center wall of theframe 20 and will hold themagnet keeper 38 precisely aligned with theopenings 36 in thegate 30. A screw 44 will extend through the off-set portion 40 of themagnet keeper 38 and will seat in the center wall offrame 20. The space between the center wall offrame 20 and the off-set portion of themagnet keeper 38 will be large enough to permit a coin to pass between themagnet keeper 38 and that center wall. Amagnet 46 is secured to the rear of the center wall of theframe 20 and that magnet will be in register with themagnet keeper 38. Themagnet keeper 38 will provide a path of low magnetic reluctance between the poles of themagnet 46.

The numeral 48 denotes a runway which is secured to the rear face of thegate 30 byscrews 50. This runway inclines downwardly toward a point that is below themagnet 46 and is below themagnet keeper 38. The lower end of therunway 48 underlies theopening 36 in thegate 30 and underlies themagnet keeper 38. Thus, coins which roll along therunway 48 will be supported until they have entered the space between themagnet keeper 38 and themagnet 46. Consequently, the magnetic lines of force from themagnet 46 will be able to act upon coins while they are still supported on therunway 48, and those magnetic lines of force will continue to act on those coins for a short time after those coins roll off of the lower end of therunway 48.

The numeral 52 generally denotes an arcuate slot in thegate 30. A correspondingarcuate slot 53 is provided in the center wall of theframe 20, and theslots 52 and 53 will be in register with each other whenever thegate 30 is in parallel relation with the center wall of theframe 20. Apivot 54 is mounted on thegate 30, and that pivot is adjacent the center of configuration of thearcuate slot 52. Thepivot 54 rotatably supports alever 56, which has a coin-blocking projection 58 thereon. The coin-blocking projection 58 is spaced away from thepivot 54 and is in register with theslot 52 in thegate 30 and with theslot 53 in the center wall of theframe 20. The coin-blocking projection 58 of thelever 56 actually extends into theslots 52 and 53. Thus, the coin-blocking projection 58 spans the passageway defined by thegate 30 and the center wall of theframe 20. An ear 60 is provided on thelever 56 adjacent the free end of that lever. The car 60 is directed transversely of thelever 56, as is the coin-blocking projection 58; but the car 60 is directed away from the passageway while the coin-blocking projection extends into that passageway. The coin-blocking projection 58 will normally be at the bottom of theslot 52 and will rest upon and be held by the portion of thegate 30 which defines the bottom of theslot 52.

Aslot 62 is formed in thegate 30 and that slot has an arcuate configuration. Aslot 63 of similar configuration is provided in the center wall of theframe 20. Theslots 62 and 63 will be in register with each other whenever thegate 30 is in parallel relation with the center wall of theframe 20.

A pivot bracket 72 has a notch in one end thereof, and that notch engages a pin 74 carried on thegate 30. A slot 76 is provided in the other end of the bracket 72, and aset screw 78 extends through the slot 76 and seats in an opening in thegate 30. Theset screw 78 will normally be tightened against the bracket 72 and will thus hold that bracket immovable relative to thegate 30.

However, when it is desired to adjust the position of the pivot bracket 72, theset screw 78 can be loosened and the bracket 72 can be rotated about the pin 74.

A pivot 64 is mounted on the pivot bracket 72, and that pivot can be moved up or down by rotating the pivot bracket 72 about the pin 74. It will be noted that the pin 74 and the pivot 64 are on the opposite ends of a generally horizontal line; and hence rotation of the pivot bracket 72 about the pin 74 will provide substantially vertical adjustment of the position of pivot 64. The pivot bracket 72 holds the pivot 64 close to the geometric center of the arc defined by theslot 62.

A generally V-shapedlever 66 has one end thereof secured to the pivot 64. The other end of thelever 66 has a coin-receivingsurface 68 thereon, and that coinreceiving surface extends into theslots 62 and 63 of thegate 30 and of the center wall of theframe 20, respectively. The coin-receivingsurface 68 thus spans the passageway defined by thegate 30 and the center wall of theframe 20. Aweight 70 is secured to thelever 66, and that weight biases thelever 66 for rotation about the pivot 64 to the position shown in Fig. l. in that position, theweight 70 is disposed below the level of the pivot 64 and is substantially in vertical alignment with that pivot. As thelever 66 rotates about the pivot 64, theweight 70 will be raised upwardly, and it will also be moved horizontally away from the pivot 64. The horizontal movement of theweight 70 away from the pivot 64 will increase the effective moment arm of that weight and will thus increase the restoring force which that weight applies to thelever 66. Consequently, when the coin-receivingsurface 68 of thelever 66 is adjacent the bottom of theslot 62, the effective moment arm of theweight 70 is a maximum; and while theweight 70 tlways tends to bias thelever 66 to the position of Fig. l, the bias becomes increasingly great as the lever is rotated in a counter clockwise direction, as that lever is viewed in Fig. l.

Theweight 70 is in register with the car 60 on thelever 56. When thelever 66 rotates in a counter clockwise direction, as that lever is viewed in Fig. l, theweight 70 will approach the car 60. if the rotation oflever 66 is sufficient, theweight 70 will strike and raise the ear 60, thereby raising thelever 56. The raising of that lever moves the coin-blocking projection 58 thereon out of blocking position. When thelever 66 returns to the position shown in Fig. l, theweight 70 will permit thelever 56 to return to the position shown in Fig. l.

The numeral 80 denotes a pivot bracket that is secured to thegate 30 adjacent the free edge of that gate. Afeeler wire 82 is pivotally supported by thebracket 80. That feeler wire has a reentrant coin-interceptingportion 84, and it has inclinedportion 86 which is contiguous to the coin-interceptingportion 84. Aweight 88 is secured to thefeeler wire 82, and that weight biases the coin-interceptingportion 84 of that wire for movement into the passageway defined by thegate 30 and the center wall of theframe 20.

Two vertically-directedopenings 101 are formed in thegate 30 and those openings are in vertical alignment with each other. The lower of the openings is in register with the coin-interceptingportion 84 of thefeeler wire 82; and theweight 88 will normally hold the coin-interceptingportion 84 of thewire 82 in thelower opening 101. That coin-intercepting portion can be moved out of the passageway between thegate 30 and the center wall of theframe 20, and out of the lower opening 10!, by the engagement of thelever 66 with theinclined portion 86 of thefeeler wire 82. Thisinclined portion 86 will act as an inclined plane and ease the coin-interceptingportion 84 of thefeeler wire 82 out of the passageway. However, when thelever 66 rotates in a counter clockwise direction, as that lever is viewed in Fig. I, that lever will move out of engagement with theinclined portion 86 of thefeeler wire 82 and will thus permit theweight 88 to force the coin-interceptingportion 84 of that wire into the passageway. When the coin-interceptingportion 84 is in the passageway, it will feel the surface of the coins that are in the passageway and are being guided by the coin-receivingsurface 68 of thelever 66.

An inclined surface is provided on the upper edge of thegate 30, and that surface inclines outwardly and upwardly from the center wall of theframe 20. This inclined surface tends to coact with the center wall of theframe 20 to define a coin-receiving entrance for the passageway between thegate 30 and the center wall of theframe 20. A guidingflange 92 is formed on the free edge of thegate 30 below the level of theinclined portion 90. This flange will guide coins which moves downwardly past theinclined portion 90. Theflange 92 is arcuate in configuration, and it is spaced from the pin 35 a distance slightly greater than the diameter of authentic coins. As a result, thepin 35 will coact with the guidingflange 92 to permit coins that have a diameter closely approximating the diameter of an authentic coin to enter the passageway between thegate 30 and the center wall of theframe 20; but that pin will coact with that flange to keep grossly over-size coins from entering that passageway. For example, if the coin separator of the present invention were to be used to measure and accept United States nickels, the spacing between thepin 35 and theflange 92 should be slightly greater than the average diameter of United States nickels. While United .States nickcls are intended to be of a fixed diameter,

variations in manufacture and subsequent wear can vary the diameters of individual nickels.

The numeral 96 denotes a small stationary element that is secured to the rear face of thegate 30 and which extends toward the center wall of theframe 20. This stationary element is rectangular in cross section and it will thus have sharp corners. Thestationary element 96 is adjacent the pivot 64, as indicated particularly in Fig. 4. The sides of thestationary element 96 are set at an angle to the top and bottom and sides of theframe 20; and the left-hand face of that stationary element, as viewed in Fig. 4, is generally perpendicular to a line between the pivot 64 and thecoin'receiving surface 68 of thelever 66 whenever that coin-receiving surface is in its normal position. The left-hand face of thestationary element 96, as that element is viewed in Fig. 4, will serve as a coin-receiving surface.

It will be noted that the pivot 64 is disposed below the level of the coin-receiving surface of thestationary element 96, and that it is spaced to one side of that coinreceivlng surface. As a result, the coin-receiving surface on thestationary element 96 is intermediate the pivot 64 and the coin-receivingsurface 68 on the lever 6 whenever that lever is in its normal position, as shown m Figs. l, 3, 4, and 7. Because the pivot 64 and the coin-receiving surface on thestationary element 96 are not coincident, the coin-receivingsurface 68 on thelever 66 will not rotate with the coin-receiving surface on theelement 96 as its center of rotation; instead it will rotate about the pivot 64. The distance between the pivot 64 and the coin-receivingsurface 68 on thelever 66 will, of course, be fixed and will remain unchanged as the coin-receivingsurface 68 rotates. However, the distance between the coin-receivingsurface 68 on thelever 66 and the coin-receiving surface on thestationary element 96 will change as the coin-receivingsurface 68 rotates about the-pivot 64. As thelever 66 rotates in a counter-clockwise direction, as that lever is viewed in Fig. 4, the distance between the two coin-receiving surfaces will become progressively greater; and the distance between those surfaces will be greatest when thecoinreceiving surface 68 is adjacent the lower end of theslot 62.

Astripper plate 98 is carried by thegate 30. This plate hasfingers 100 that are disposedadjacent openings 101 in thegate 30, and it haspivots 102 that are disposed inopenings 104 in thegate 30. Thestripper plate 98 will have thepivots 102 thereof held in theopenings 104 by aleaf spring 106 which is suitably secured to thegate 30, as by arivet 107. Whenever desired, thespring 106 can be bent sufiiciently to displace thepivots 102, of thestripper plate 98, from theopenings 104; but under normal operating conditions, thesprings 106 will hold thepivots 102 continuously in theopenings 104. Thefingers 100 of theplate 98 will normally be in register with theopenings 101 but will not normally be disposed in those openings. Theopenings 101 will be wide enough that the lower of those openings can receive the coin-interceptingportion 84 offeeler wire 82 while also receiving thelower finger 100, whereby thefeeler wire 82 can move freely relative to thegate 30 and thestripper plate 98.

The point of engagement between theleaf spring 106 and thestripper plate 98 is disposed to the left of thepivots 100, as that stripper plate is viewed in Fig. 1. Accordingly, that spring applies a force to thestripper plate 98 which tends to urge thefingers 100 toward thegate 30. Thefingers 100 will not ordinarily move into theopenings 101 in thegate 30 because a notch 105 in theplate 98 fits a reducedneck portion 110 on apin 108 that is secured to the center wall of theframe 20; and the portion of theplate 98 which defines the notch 105 will engage the inner shoulder adjacent the reduceddiameter portion 110 and thus limit the inward movement of the left-hand end of thestripper plate 98. The outer shoulder adjacent the reduced diameter portion of thepin 108 will limit outward movement of the left-hand end of thestripper plate 98; and thus the stripper plate will be confined to a limited path of movement. When thegate 30 is rotated away from the center wall of theframe 20, as indicated particularly in Fig. 5, thespring 106 will resist any corresponding movement of thestripper plate 98; and the openings ingate 30 will telescope over thefingers 100 of that stripper plate. If the outward movement of thegate 30 is further continued, the pivot bracket 72 or some other element carried on thegate 30 will engage the rear face of thestripper plate 98 and urge that stripper plate to move with thegate 30. This movement ofgate 30 can be tolerated for the length of the reduceddiameter portion 110 of thepin 108; but thereafter the portion of theplate 98 that defines the notch 105 will engage the outer shoulder adjacent theportion 110 onpin 108 and halt further outward movement of thestripper plate 98 and of thegate 30. At such time, thefingers 100 will extend through theopenings 101 in thegate 30 and will strip off any coin which tends to move outwardly with that gate during the scavenging operation.

Anopening 112 is provided in thegate 30 to accommodate thepin 108 which is secured to the center wall of theframe 20. This opening is large enough to permit movement of thegate 30 about thepivot pin 28 without any binding on thepin 108.

Under normal operating conditions, thefingers 100 of thestripper plate 98 will be disposed outwardly of the passage defined by thegate 30 and the center wall of theframe 20, but during scavenging operations thegate 30 will be moved away from the center wall of the frame and theopenings 101 in that gate will telescope over thefingers 100 of thestripper plate 98. Those fingers will thus force any coin which may be adhering to thegate 30, or that is carried by thatgate 30, to drop away from that gate.

A generally spherical recess 114 is formed in the rear surface of thegate 30, and that recess is in register with acam 116. The earn 116 is secured to apressure plate 122 that rotates about apivot 120 which is supported on the center wall of theframe 20. A spring 126 bears against abelt 128, which serves as a stop for the spring 126; and that spring extends around pivot and bears against the horizoneal flange at the top of thepressure plate 122. The spring 126 tends to rotate thepressure plate 122 to the position shown in Fig. 3, but it can be overcome by a downward force on the horizontal flange at the top of thepressure plate 122. An arcuate slot is proved in the center wall of theframe 20 to accommodate thecam 116. Thus, a downward force on the horizontal flange at the top of thepressure plate 122 will result in a counter clockwise rotation of thepressure plate 122, as that pressure plate is viewed in Fig. 3; and such rotation will move thecam 116 downwardly in the slot 130. Awiper blade 118 is provided for the coinseparator, and that wiper blade is pivoted about thepin 108. The wiper blade can be rotated about thepin 108 into the passageway defined by thegate 30 and the center wall of theframe 20. Normally, however, the wiper blade is held above that passageway and is only moved through that passageway when thepressure plate 122 is forced to move downwardly. A lost motion connection, not shown, is provided between thecam 116 and thewiper blade 118 so the cam can start to move before the wiper blade begins to move.

Thecam 116 is in register with the recess 114 on thegate 30, and when it is disposed in that recess thegate 30 can be held closely parallel to the center wall of theframe 20. However, when thecam 116 is moved downwardly, as when thepressure plate 122 is depressed, thecam 116 acts against the wall of the recess 114 and drives thegate 30 outwardly and away from the center wall of theframe 20. Thereafter, the wiper blade moves into the passageway between thegate 30 and the center wall of theframe 20 and wipes away any coins which are held between themagnet keeper 38 and themagnet 46. The wiper blade is normally held against the off-set of themagnet keeper 38 by the spring 126 and thecam 116, and thus is normally out of the path of coins rolling past themagnet 46.

A rejected coin chute 132 is disposed below thegate 30, and it is in register with a coin-intercepting area that is defined by the coin-receiving surfaces on thelever 66 and on thestationary element 96. This rejected coin chute is below the path of movement of the coin-receivingsurface 68 on thelever 66, and it can receive coins that are not carried past it by the coin-receivingsurface 68. The numeral 134 denotes an accepted ooin chute, and that chute is indicated by dotted lines in Fig. 1. This accepted coin chute is beyond the lower end of therunway 48 and is beyond themagnet 46.

Thelever 66 is formed so the distance between the pivot 64 and the coin-receivingsurface 68 of that lever is greater than the diameter of authentic coins to be accepted by the coin separator of the present invention. The pivot-supporting bracket 72 is then made so the pivot 64 is displaced below and on the far side of the coinreceiving surface of thestationary element 96, whereby the coin-receiving surface on thestationary element 96 18 between the pivot 64 and the coin-receivingsurface 68 on thelever 66.

Theset screw 78 is loosened so the pivot-supporting bracket 72 can be rotated about the pin 74; and thereafter a perfectly sized coin of the desired denomination is placed in engagement with the coin-receiving surface on thestationary element 96. That coin is then slowly forced downwardly to cause thelever 66 to rotate about the pivot 64. After thelever 66 has rotated approximately fifty-one or fifty-two of the approximately sixtyfour degrees of its path of travel, the spacing between the coin-receivingsurface 68 and the left-hand face of thestationary element 96, as that element is viewed in Fig. 4, should just equal the diameter of that perfectly sized coin. However, if that spacing does not closely approximate the diameter of that coin, the pivot 72 should be rotated about the pin 74 to make that spacing equal the diameter of that coin. Once the desired spacing has been attained, theset screw 78 can be tightened to lock the pivot-carrying bracket 72 against further rotation about the pin 74. A gauging disc, which has been machined to have the desired diameter, can be used in lieu of a perfectly sized coin to check the setting of the pivot bracket 72. Such a gauging disc is desirable since minted coins vary due to manufacturing tolerances and wear. For example the diameter of the United States nickels can vary from eight hundred and thirty thousandths of an inch to eight hundred and thirty-five thousandths of an inch. By using a gauging disc which has a diameter that is about half way between the two ranges of coin size anticipated, it is possible to attain very precise setting of the pivot-supporting bracket 72.

Where a gauging disc with a diameter of eight hundred and thirty-three thousandths of an inch is set so the comreceiving surfaces 68 will release that disc at an angle of approximately fifty-one degrees, that coin-receiving surface will release nickels which have a diameter of eight hundred and thirty thousandths of an inch at about forty degrees and will release nickels with a diameter of eight hundred and thirty-five thousandths of an inch at about fifty-eight degrees. Any coins, slugs or washers that have diameters which are less than eight hundred and thirty thousandths of an inch will be released by the coin-receivingsurface 68 before that surface has traveled over forty degrees. These figures are based on an over all length of travel of thelever 66 of approximately sixtyfour degrees; and, therefore if a dilferent angular length of travel was used, these figures would have to be changed proportionately.

In one preferred embodiment of the present invention, each side of theelement 96 was ninety-three thousandths of an inch long, the distance between the axis of pivot 64 and the inner edge of the coin-receivingsurface 68 was eight hundred and forty-nine thousandths of an inch, the sides of theelement 96 were shifted about fifteen degrees from the directions defined by the sides offrame 20, and the pivot 64 was set inwardly of and below the level of the coin-receiving surface onelement 96 so the initial distance between the coin-receivingsurface 68 and the coin-receiving surface onelement 96 was eight hundred and twenty thousandths of an inch and so the final distance between the coin-receivingsurface 68 and the coin-releasing surface onelement 96 was eight hundred and forty-two thousandths of an inch. That embodiment of the present invention accepted coins in the diameter range of eight hundred and twenty-five thousandths to eight hundred and forty thousandths of an inch, and rejected all other coins; thereby accepting substantially all United States nickels and rejecting substantially all other coins, slugs or washers. To enable prior coin-sizing gauges to accept substantially all United States nickels, those gauges had to be set to accept coins in the diameter range of eight hundred and ten thousandths to eight hundred and fifty-five thousandths of an inch; and when so set, those gauges permitted an objectionable number of spurious coins, slugs and washers to be accepted.

Once the spacing of the pivot 64 relative to the coinreceiving surface of thestationary element 96 has been established and fixed, the coin separator is ready to receive coins. If unduly large coins are introduced into the opening defined by the center wall of theframe 20 and theinclined portion 90 of thegate 30, those coins will strike the upper edge of the guidingflange 92 and will strike theover-size pin 35; and those coins will be held by theflange 92 and thepin 35. Coins which are small enough to pass between theflange 92 and thepin 35 will fall toward the coin-receivingsurface 68 on thelever 66 and toward the coin-receiving surface on thestationary element 96. If a coin is too small to be held by these coin-receiving surfaces, that coin will fall directly downwardly to the rejected coin chute 132. Thereafter, it will be led to a discharge point where the customer can retrieve same. If a coin is large enough to be held by the coin-receiving surfaces onlever 66 andelement 96, and if that coin is of the proper weight, it will force the coin-receivingsurface 68 to move downwardly about the pivot 64. As that coin-receiving surface moves downwardly, the distance between that surface and the coinreceiving surface on thestationary element 96 will increase. If the coin is within the diameter range established for authentic coins, the increase in the spacing between the coin-receiving surfaces will not be great enough to release that coin until after that coin has been moved to a position where it can fall onto therunway 48. Thus, the increase in the spacing between the coin-receiving surfaces will not release a coin with a diameter in the predetermined range of diameters until after thecoinreceiving surface 68 has traversed over half of its path, and thereby carried the coin past the rejected coin chute 132. If a coin is large enough to move the coin-receivingsurface 68 but is smaller than the prescribed range of diameters, the coin-receivingsurface 68 will move downwardly a short distance only, as indicated in Fig. 8, and will then release that coin. Thereupon that coin will fall downward into the rejected coin chute 132; and the path of one such coin is indicated by the dashed line in Fig. 8. Where a coin has the proper diameter, it will be carried to a point where it can fall onto therunway 48 and roll past themagnet 46, as indicated particularly in Fig. 9. Where a coin is larger than the prescribed range of diameters; it will either fall off of the back edge of the coin-receivingsurface 68 as that surface approaches the bottom of theslot 62, or it will continue to be held by the coin-receiving surfaces. Thus, in the preferred embodiment of the present invention described above, a coin that had a diameter of eight hundred and forty-one thousandths of an inch would not be released by the coinreceiving surfaces since those surfaces were set to define a distance no greater than eight hundred and forty thousandths of an inch. When the movable coin-receivingsurface 68 has moved to the lower end of theslot 62 but hasnot been able to release a coin carried thereby,

, that coin-receiving surface will respond to the bias ofweight 70 and start back toward its normal position. Theweight 70 will be able to start thelever 66 and thesurface 68 thereon back to their initial positions even though the weight of the coin opposes that movement, because the effective length of the moment arm of theweight 70 is a maximum when thesurface 68 is adjacent the lower end ofslot 62, and because the initial downward momentum of the coin has been dissipated. As thelever 66 and thesurface 68 start to return to their initial positions, under the influence ofweight 70, they will tend to decrease the distance between the coin-receivingsurface 68 and the coin-releasing surface ofelement 96; but since the oversize coin is still being carried by thecoinreceiving surface 68, that coin will halt further movement oflever 66, andlever 66 will jam that coin against accidental dislodgment. That coin can, however, be freed for movement to the rejected coin chute 132, as by pressing downward on thepressure plate 122 in the scavenging operation. Thedownward pressure plate 122 will move thegate 30 away from the center wall of theframe 20 and will enable the fingers ofstripper plate 98 to push the coin out of engagement withlever 66 andelement 96, whereupon that coin will fall to the rejected coinchute 132.

Where a coin is less than eight hundred and twenty-five thousandths of an inch in diameter, that coin may cause thelever 66 to rotate, but the distance between thecoinreceiving surface 66 and the coin-receiving surface on thestationary element 96 will quickly increase to the value of the diameter of that coin. When this happens, thelever 66 will be so far from therunway 48 that the coin will not be able to reach that runway; instead it will fall downwardly into the riejected coin chute 132. Coins which have diameters that are larger than eight hundred and forty thousandths of an inch will either be held between the coin-receivingsurface 68 and the coin-releasing surface on theelement 96 or will roll backwardly off of the rear edge of the coin-receivingsurface 68 and fall into the rejected coin chute 132. Consequently, only those coins which are in the range of eight hundred and twenty-five thousandths to eight hundred and forty thousandths of an inch will be directed into the accepted coin chute.

To reach the acceptedcoin chute 134, the coin must roll along therunway 48 and past themagnet 46. Magnetic lines of force will be generated in the coin by themagnet 46, and those lines of force will create eddy currents in that coin. The greater the electrical conductivity of the coin, the greater the strength of the eddy currents. These eddy currents, in turn, will create a magnetic field which will coact with themagnet 46 to retard the rate of rolling of the coins. If the coin has the desired electrical conductivity, it will follow the path indicated by a dashed line in Fig. l and will reach the acceptedcoin chute 134. If the electrical conductivity of the coin is not of the proper value, the coin will either be retarded too much or too little and will fall into the rejectedcoin passageway 136. This passageway connects with the rejected coin chute 132. If the coin is of magnetic material, it will be stopped and held by the magnetic field from themagnet 46. If a coin is held by themagnet 46, it is a simple matter to scavenge that coin out of the coin passageway, as by pressing downwardly on thepressure plate 122.

Thelever 56 has a coin-intercepting surface 58 thereon, which is adjacent the upper end of therunway 48. This surface will prevent coins from being deflected into the accepted coin passageway when those coins are supposed to fall to the rejected coin chute 132. For example, if an undersize coin were to fall through the coinintercepting area defined by the coin-receiving surfaces, that coin might tend to reach therunway 48 and roll past themagnet 46. This is particularly likely if the coin first strikes the coin-receivingsurface 68 and then bounds toward therunway 48. Any such coin would be blocked against movement along therunway 48 by the coinintercepting surface 58.

The coin intercepting surface 58 does not interfere with the rolling of coins of the proper size along therunway 48, because thelever 66 will engage the car 60 on thelever 56 when thelever 66 rotates in a counter clockwise direction, as that lever is viewed in Fig. 1. The ear 60 is in register with theweight 70 and will be lifted up wardly by that weight when the coin-receivingsurface 68 approaches the coin-releasing position. The rounded surface of theweight 70 provides a very easy and frictionless engagement between the car 60 and theweight 70. Thus, whenever a coin is about to be released by thelever 66, as that lever approaches the lower end of theslot 62, the coin-blocking projection 58 will be out of the passageway for-the coin. Once the coins have passed by the position of the coin-blocking projection 58, that projection will return to coin-blocking position under the gravitational forces acting on thelever 56. Thelever 56 will be permitted to move downwardly when thelever 66 is moved back to normal position byweight 70. While in that position, the coin-intercepting projection 58 can reject the undersize coins introduced into the coin separator, and thus prevent acceptance of such COlflS.

If a washer, that has a diameter within the range of diameters for which the coin sepz rator of the present invention is set, is introduced into that coin separator, the coin-receivingsurface 68 will guide that washer past thelower opening 101. As thelever 66 rotates during this movement, theinclined portion 86 of thefeeler wire 82 will be freed from its engagement with thelever 66, and thereupon theweight 88 will tend to force thecoinintercepting surface 84 of that feeler into the passageway. The positioning of thelever 66 and theinclined portion 86 of thefceler 82 is such that the coin-interceptingsurface 84 of thefeeler 82 will engage the washer at a series of points along an arcuate line which is spaced inwardly from the periphery of that washer. As a result, the coin-interceptingreentrant portion 84 of thefeeler 82 will enter the opening in the washer and will stop further movement of that washer toward therunway 48. Theweight 70 will have had a certain amount of momentum created within it, and that momentum, together with the momentum of the rest of thelever 66, will cause that lever to move even further in the counter clockwise direction, as that lever and weight are viewed in Fig. I; but shortly thereafter the gravitational forces on theweight 70 will stop counter clockwise rotation of thelever 66 and will cause that lever to rotate in a clockwise direction. As thelever 66 starts to move in a clockwise direction, the edge of that lever will engage theinclined portion 86 of thefeeler wire 82, and will again move the coin-interceptingportion 84 out of the passageway betwecn thegate 30 and the center wall of theframe 20. As the coin-intercepting portion of the feeler wire is moved out of that passageway, the washer will tend to fall directly downwardly toward the rejected coin chute. If the washer is of the same diameter as an authentic coin, thatwasher will be able to pass through the area defined by the coin-receivingsurface 68 and the coin-releasing surface on theelement 96 and fall to the rejected coin-chute 132. That washer will not fall toward therunway 48 because its momentum toward that runway was eliminated by the interception of that washer by thefeeler wire 82. The dominant force on the wash er, when it is released by thefeeler wire 82, will be the gravitational force; and the washer will respond to that force to drop into the rejected coin-chute 132. If the washer is larger than an authentic coin, it will be held by the coin-receiving surfaces and can then be released for movement to the rejected coin chute 132 by a scavenging operation. Most washers that persons use in trying to operate vending machines are closely similar in diameter to authentic coins; and all such washers will be initially held by the fceler 82 and will then be automatically permitted to drop to the rejected coin-chute 132 as thelever 66 tends to return to its initial position. This is very advantageous because it avoids the need of a great number of scavenging operations.

The coin-sizing gauge provided by the present invention can be used on various United States coins and various coins of foreign countries. To enable the coin-sizing gauge to accept and reject coins of different denominations. it is only necessary to dimension thelever 66 so the distance between the pivot 64 and thecoin receiving surface 68 is slightly greater than the predetermined range of the diameters. Once thelever 66 has been properly dimensioned it is a simple matter to fit it to a gate that can accommodate it.

Thestripper plate 98 will ordinarily remain in assembled relation with thegate 30. However, when it is desired to separate that plate from that gate, it is only necessary to distort thespring 106 slightly and lift thepivots 102 out of theopenings 104 and to slide theplate 98 upwardly until the portions that are in register with the shoulders on thepin 108 are out of register with those shoulders. Thereafter, the stripper plate can be moved completely out of register with any part of thegate 30, and that gate can then be rotated freely about thepivot pin 28.

The coin-sizing gauge provided by the present invention can be set so it has a range of accepted diameters which is much closer to the range of diameters of authentic coins than the range of any prior coin-sizing gauge could be. This is very advantageous because it enables the coin-sizing gauge of the present invention to accept substantially all authentic coins and yet reject substantially all spurious coins. Where a number of such coin-sizing gauges are provided for the coins of various denominations to be introduced into the coin separator, the maximum acceptance of authentic coins can be coupled with the maximum rejection of spurious coins.

In Figs. 12 and 13, the numeral 136 denotes a frame which has vertically d.rectedflanges 138 at each side thereof. These flanges support arod 140 that serves as a pivot. Agate 142 is provided withears 144, and those cars have openings which telescope over thepivot 140. Hence, thegate 142 can rotate about thepivot 140 relative to the center wall of theframe 136. Aspring 146 is wound around thepivot 140 and one end of that spring bears against thegate 142. The other end of that spring bears against alug 148 on one of theflanges 138 of theframe 136. Thespring 146 biases thegate 142 for rotation toward the center wall of theframe 136.

Aplate 152 is secured to the center wall of theframe 136, and that plate coacts with the righthand fl nge 138, as the flanges are shown in Fig. 13, and with the center wall of theframe 136 and with thegate 142 to define a coin entrance. Arunway 154 is mounted on thegate 142 below and in direct registry with the coin entrance. This runway has a chamfer on the upper surface thereof to minimize bouncing of coins striking that runway. A vertically-directedstop 156 is mounted on thegate 142 at a point beyond the left hand end of therunway 154, as that runway is viewed in Fig. 13. This stop has a chamfered edge thereon to minimize bouncing of coins that strike it, and that stop will prevent over travel of coins leaving therunway 154. Apin 158 is mounted on thegate 142 below and to the right of thestop 156, as that pin is viewed in Fig. 13. The upper surface of thepin 158 is chamfered to minimize the bouncing of coins striking that pin.

Apivot pin 160 is mounted on thegate 142, and that pin extends rearwardly from the gate. Thepin 158 and thepivot pin 160 are disposed on opposite faces of thegate 142. Apivot bracket 162 is disposed at the rear face of thegate 142, and that bracket has a notch which engages and can rotate relative to thepivot pin 160. A slot 164 is provided in the opposite end of thepivot bracket 162, and ascrew 166 extends through the slot 164 and seats in thegate 142. Thescrew 166 can be tightened to hold thepivot bracket 162 against rotation about thepivot pin 160, but it can be loosened to permit such rotation. Thepivot bracket 162 provides the same adjustability that the pivot bracket 72 of Figs. 14 provides.

Apivot 168 is mounted on thepivot bracket 162 and can move with that pivot bracket. Thepivot 168 rotatably supports a generally V-shapedlever 170. That lever has a coin-receivingsurface 172 extending transversely thereof, and that surface is at one end of thelever 170. Aweight 174 is secured to thelever 170 adjacent the bottom of the V defined by that lever. The other end of thelever 170 is rotatably mounted on thepivot 168. Thelever 170 is very similar to thelever 66 of Figs. 1-10.

Arunway 176 is mounted on thegate 142 below and to the left of thelever 170, as that lever is viewed in Fig. 13. Therunway 176 has a downwardly directedguide portion 178 at one end thereof and has a downwardly directedstop portion 180 intermediate the ends thereof. Adivider 182 is secured to thegate 142 at a point to the right of therunway 176, as that runway is viewed in Fig. 13. Thedivider 182 has a runway portion 184 thereon, and that runway portion extends to the left of thedivider portion 182. Therunway 176 and its guide portion and its stop portion are chamfered to minimize bouncing of coins. Similarly, thedivider 182 and the runway portion thereof are chamfered to minimize the bouncing of coins. Apin 186 is mounted on thegate 142 between thestop portion 180 of therunway 176 and the runway portion 184 of thedivider 182. This pin is similar to thepin 158 and it has its upper face chamfered.

Apivot pin 188 is mounted on thegate 142 and that pin extends rearwardly from that gate. Thepivot pin 188 is similar to thepivot pin 160. Apivot bracket 190, similar to thepivot bracket 162, is mounted so it can rotate about thepivot pin 188. Aslot 192 in the end of the pivot bracket can receive ascrew 194. This screw, like thescrew 166, can be used to permit or halt rotation of the pivot bracket. A pivot 196 is mounted on thepivot bracket 190, and that pivot is comparable to thepivot 168. A generally V-shapedlever 198, comparable to thelever 170, is mounted on the pivot 196. That lever has a transverse coin-receivingsurface 200 and it has a weight 202.

Aehamfered guide 204 is provided on the front surface of thegate 142, adivider pin 206 is also provided on the front of thegate 142 as is adivider 208. Thedivider 208 is chamfered. Aguide 210, that is chamfered, is provided on the front face of thegate 142. Theguides 204 and 210 are spaced on opposite sides of thedividers 206 and 208, and the guides anddividers 204 and 210 and 206 and 208 are located adjacent the lower edge of thegate 142.

Astripper plate 212 is provided withears 214, and those ears telescope over thepivot 140. Hence, thestripper plate 212 can rotate relative to the center wall of theframe 136 and relative to thegate 142. The upper end of thestripper plate 212 is cut away, as at 213, to avoid striking theplate 152.

Thestripper plate 212 has a slot to accommodate therunway 154, it has aslot 218 to accommodate thestop 156 and thepin 158, it has anarcuate slot 220 to accommodate the coin-receivingsurface 172 on thelever 170, it has a slot 222 to accommodate therunway 176 and thepin 186, it has a slot 224 to accommodate thedivider 182 and it has a slot 226 to accommodate thecoinreceiving surface 200 on thelever 198. In addition, thestripper plate 212 hasnotches 228, 230, 232 and 234 to accommodate theguide 204, thepin 206, thedivider 208 and theguide 210 respectively. The various slots and notches in thestripper plate 212 will normally telescope over the runways, stops, dividers and pins and will enable the stripper plate to bear against the front face of thegate 142. However, those notches and slots will also permit movement of thegate 142 away from thestripper plate 212.

A vertically-directedslot 240 is provided in thestripper plate 212 adjacent the upper end of that stripper plate. Apin 242 is mounted on the center wall of theframe 136 in register with but below theopening 240 in thestripper plate 212. Awasher 244 is carried by thepin 242 and it extends radially outwardly from that pin. Ah elongatedplate 246 with transversely bent upper and lower ends, has aslot 248 therein. That slot telescopes over thepin 242 and permits movement of theplate 246 relative to that pin. Apin 250 is mounted on and is movable with theplate 246. Ahelical spring 252 engages thepins 242 and 250 and biases theplate 246 for movement upwardly. However, that spring can yield to permit downward movement of theplate 246. The upper end of theslot 248 in theplate 246 will limit the downward movement of that plate. Acam 254 is carried by theplate 246, and it extends through an opening in the center wall of theframe 136 and through theopening 240 in thestripper plate 212. That cam can bear against the inclined upper portion of thegate 142. When theplate 246 is moved downwardly, as by pressing downwnrdly on the upper bent end of that plate, the cam 253 will move downwardly and engage thegate 142. Such engagement will force thegate 142 to rotate about thepivot 140. This movement of thegate 142 will tend to cause thestripper plate 212 to move away from'the center wall of theframe 136 because a spring 245 encircles a pin carried by thestripper plate 212 and also bears against a washer 243 on that pin. This spring tends to drive thegate 142 against the stripper plate, and thus the stripper plate tends to move with the gate. However, thestripper plate 212 hasears 236 at the opposite edges thereof, and those cars extend intoslots 238 in theflanges 138. Theslots 238 permit limited movement of theears 236, and thus of thestripper plate 212, but they will eventually halt movement of thestripper plate 212. Thereafter, continued downward movement of thecam 254 will force thegate 142 to move away from thestripper plate 212. The spring 245 will yield to permit that movement. The final moved positions of thestripper plate 212 and of thegate 142 are shown by dashed lines in Fig. l2. Thegate 142 and thestripper plate 212 will move together until the stripper plate reaches the moved position indicated by dashed lines in Fig. I2, and thereafter thegate 142 will continue to move to its moved position as indicated by dashed lines in that figure. A holding plate 256 is secured to the center wall of theframe 136 by a pin 257. That pin extends through a slot, not shown, in theplate 246; and that slot permits theplate 246 to reciprocate relative to the pin 257. The holding plate 256 maintains theplate 246 in intimate engagement with the center wall of theframe 136 but does not bind that plate against movement relative to that center wall.

Arod 258 extends through and is supported by theflanges 138 on theframe 136. This rod serves as a pivot for anelongated deflector bar 260. This bar has arms which extend up to and telescope over the ends of thepivot 258. Aspring 262 encircles thepivot 258 and biases the deflector bar for movement to the position shown by solid lines in Fig. 12. However, that spring can yield to permit movement of thedeflector bar 260 to the position shown by dotted lines in Fig. 12. in moving to the position indicated by dotted lines in Fig. 12, thebar 260 entersslots 261 that are formed in theflanges 138 to receive that bar. Theplate 246 can be moved downwardly to force thedeflector bar 260 from the solid line position of Fig. 12 to the dotted line position of that figure. Release of downward pressure on theplate 246 will enable thespring 252 to pull theplate 246 upwardly and permit thedeflector bar 260 to return to the position shown by solid lines in Fig. 12. Ancar 263 is provided on the right hand flange of theframe 136, so that frame is viewed in Fig. 13, and that car receives one end of thespring 262. The other end of that spring bears against the right hand end of thedeflector bar 260.

Two transversely extendingplates 264 and 266 are spaced from and rearwardly of the center wall of theframe 136. These plates are secured to and are supported by theflanges 138 of the frame. Theplate 264 coacts with the center wall of the frame to define an accepted coin area while theplates 264 and 266 coact together to define a rejected coin area. Thedeflector plate 260 normally permits coins to move downwardly to the accepted coin area defined by theplate 264 and the center wall of theframe 136, but it can be moved to the dotted position of Fig. 12 to deflect coins to the rejected area between theplates 264 and 266.

Thelevers 170 and 198 of Figs. 12 and 13 operate in substantially the same manner that thelever 66 of Figs. [-11 operates. Thepivots 168 and 196 for those levers are spaced to the left of the right hand faces of thepins 158 and 186. Hence, as those levers rotate, the distance between the coin-receivingsurfaces 172 and 200 and thepins 158 and 186 respectively increases. Hence, those levers can serve as coin sizing gauges.

The coin separator of Figs. 12 and 13 can receive five coins as for example, the United States penny, nickel, dime, quarter, and half dollar. Each of these coins will be introduced into the coin entrance and will fall downwardly and strike therunway 154. Thereafter the coins will roll down by gravity until they reach and fall off the left hand end of that runway. in the event any of those coins tend to go too far, they will strike and be restrained by thestop 156. The coins will fall downwardly toward thelever 170, and the quarter and half dollar will be initially held by thecoin receiving surface 172 and thepin 158. The penny, nickel and dime will fall between the coin-receivingsurface 172 and thepin 158 and will not rotate thelever 170. A quarter will cause the lever to rotate in a clockwise direction and the coin-receivingsurface 172 will guide that quarter until it is released for movement to therunway 176. That quarter will roll along therunway 176 until it reaches the end of that runway and will then fall downwardly and be guided by theguide portion 178 and by theguide 210. The half dollar will be unable to pass between the coin-receivingsurface 172 and thepin 158, even when thelever 170 has rotated to the end of its path of rotation. Hence that half dollar cannot reach therunway 176. Instead, that half dollar will roll backwardly off of the coin-receivingsurface 172 after thelever 170 has rotated through just a part of its path of rotation. As the half dollar rolls off the back of the coin-receivingsurface 172, it will fall to the right of thedivider 182. This divider will guide the half dollar downwardly as will theguide 204.

The penny, nickel and dime which fell between the coin-receivingsurface 172 and thepin 158 will strike the runway portion 184 of thedivider 182. Those coins will then roll along that runway until they reach and fall off of the left hand end of that runway portion. In the event any of those coins tend to go too far, they will strike and be restrained by thestop 180. If a penny rolls along the runway 184, that penny will fall downwardly and be initially held by the coin-receivingsurface 200 and thepin 186. That coin will cause thelever 198 to rotate and will be carried beyond thedivider 208. At the time thelever 198 releases the penny, it will be able to continue to the space defined by theguide 210 and thedivider 208.

If a nickel strikes the runway 184, it will roll along that runway and fall toward thelever 198. That nickel will be initially held by the coin-receivingsurface 200 and by thepin 186, and it will force thelever 198 to rotate in a clockwise direction. However, the nickel will be too large to move between the coin-receivingsurface 200 and thepin 186, even when thelever 198 is rotated to the full extent of its path of rotation. Hence, the nickel will not be able to reach the space defined by thespace 210 and thedivider 208. Instead, the nickel will roll off of the back side or outer edge of the coin-receivingsurface 200 and will fall into the area defined by thedivider pin 206 and theguide 204.

When a dime strikes the runway portion 184 of thedivider 182, that dime will roll along the runway portion 184 until it reaches and falls oil the end of that runway portion. That dime will be able to fall directly between the coin-receivingsurface 200 and thepin 186. In doing so, that coin will fall into the area defined by thedivider pin 206 and by thedivider 208.

Hence, the coin separator of Figs. 12 and 13, is able to se arate five coins with just two coin-sizing gauges.

In the event a coin is held between the center wall of theframe 136 and thestripper plate 212. that coin can be scavenged to the rejected coin area by pushing downwardly on the bent upper end of theplate 246. Such downward pushing will first rotate thedeflector bar 260 from the position shown in solid lines in Fig. 12 to the position shown in dotted lines. When thedeflector bar 260 is in the position shown by dotted lines in Fig. 12, it underlies the coin passages between thestripper plate 212 and the center wall of theframe 136 and will force all coins to move to the rejected coin area defined by theplates 264 and 266. Shortly thereafter, thecam 254 will strike the inclined upper portion of thegate 142 and force that gate to rotate in a counterclockwise direction about thepivot 140. The spring 245 will cause thestripper plate 212 to move with thegate 142 and will thus enlarge the passageway between that stripper plate and the center wall of theframe 136. After theears 236 on thestripper plate 213 have reached the end of theslots 238 in theflanges 138, thestripper plate 212 will be held against further movement away from the center wall of theframe 136. However, thegate 142 will continue to move away from the center wall of theframe 136 and will thus withdraw the runways, the stops and the guides and the pins from the complementary openings in thestripper plate 212. When this happens, there will be no support for coins between thestripper plate 212 and the center wall of theframe 136, and those coins will slide downwardly, strike thedeflector bar 260, and then fall into the rejected coin area between the plates264 and 266. At the conclusion of the scavenging operation, theplate 246 can be released and thespring 252 will return it to its normal position. Furthermore, thespring 146 will restore thegate 142 and thestripper plate 212 to their normal positions.

In Fig. 14 the numeral 268 denotes a frame which has vertically directedflanges 270 at each edge thereof. That frame has twoplates 272 adjacent the upper end thereof and those plates are horizontal.

Agate 274 is provided withears 276, and those cars telescope over apivot 278 which extends between and is supported by theflanges 270 of the frame. This pivot permits thegate 274 to rotate relative to the frame. Arunway 280 is provided on thegate 274 and astop 282 is provided on the gate in spaced relation to therunway 280. A pin 284 is mounted on thegate 274 intermediate thestop 282 and therunway 280.

Apivot 286 similar to the pivot pins 160 and 188 of Figs. 12 and 13 is formed on the rear face of thegate 274. A pivot bracket 288, similar to thepivot brackets 162 and 190 of Figs. 12 and 13 is provided with a notch that receives thepivot pin 286. The pivot bracket 288 has aslot 290 and ascrew 292 extends through theslot 290 and can be tightened to prevent rotation of the bracket 288 about thepivot 286. Alever 294, comparable to thelever 66 of Figs. 1-11 is secured to the bracket 288 by a pivot, not shown. Thelever 294 has a coin-receivingsurface 296 and a weight 298.

A divider 300 is mounted on thegate 274 below the pin 284, and aguide 302 is mounted on thegate 274 below and in register with the divider 300. Twodividers 320 and 322 are also formed on thegate 274. Therunway 280, thestop 282, the pin 284, the divider 300 and theguide 302 are chamfered. This chamfering minimizes bouncing of the coins after they strike these portions of the coin separator.

The numeral 304 denotes a stripper plate that is provided withears 306. These ears have openings that telescope over thepivot 278 and permit rotation of thestripper plate 304 relative to the center wall of theframe 268 and relative to thegate 274. Thestripper plate 304 has two cut awayportions 308 which are complementary to theplates 272. Those cut away portions permit movement of thestripper plate 304 without striking theplates 272.

Thestripper plate 304 has aslot 310 to accommodate therunway 280, has aslot 312 to accommodate thestop 282 and the pin 284, has anarcuate slot 314 to accommodate the coin-receivingsurface 296, has a slot 316 to accommodate the divider 300, and has a slot 318 to accommodate theguide 302. Notches are not required for the divider pins 320 and 322; those pins being only as long as the distance between the stripper plate and the center wall of theframe 268.

Apivot 324 extends between and is supported by theflanges 270 of theframe 268. That pivot supports adeflector bar 326 which is comparable to thedeflector bar 260 of Figs. 12 and 13.Slots 327, similar to theslots 261 in theflanges 138, are formed in theflanges 270. Theslots 327 will accommodate thedeflector bar 326 when that bar is moved downwardly to deflecting position. Aspring 328 encircles thepivot 324 and has one end thereof bearing against anear 330 on theflange 270 at the right hand side of theframe 268 and has the other end thereof bearing against the right hand end 18 of thedeflector bar 326. This spring biases the deflector bar out of the coin passageway between thestripper plate 304 and the center wall of theframe 268. However, it can yield, as does thespring 262 in Figs. 12 and 13, to permit the deflector bar to enter the coin passageway and direct coins to the rejected coin area.

Bars 332 are formed on thestripper plate 304, and those ears extend intoslots 334 in theflanges 270 of theframe 268. The cars are permitted to move in theslots 334, but they restrict movement of thestripper plate 304 in the same manner that theears 236 restrict the movement of thestripper plate 212 in Figs. 12 and 13.

Plates 336 and 338, which are similar to theplates 264 and 266 of Figs. 12 and 13 extend between and are secured to theflanges 270 of theframe 268. Theplate 336 coacts with the center wall of theframe 268 to define an accepted coin area while theplates 336 and 338 coact to define a rejected coin area.

Theplates 272 coact with thestripper plate 304 and with the center wall of theframe 268 to define a coin entrance. That entrance can receive four coins, such as the United States penny. the United States dime, the United States nickel and the United States quarter. Each of the coins falling from the entrance will strike therunway 280 and be directed to the left hand end of that runway. On reaching the left hand end of that runway the coins will fall downwardly toward thelever 294. The dime will fall between the coin-receivingsurface 296 and the pin 284 without any appreciable movement of thelever 294. In doing so, that coin will fall between thedivider pin 320 and theguide 302. A penny will strike and be initially held by the pin 284 and the coin-receivingsurface 296. Thelever 294 will rotate under the weight of the penny and will conduct that penny to a point where it can fall to the left of the divider 300. That penny will then fall to the left of that divider and be guided downwardly by theguide 302. A nickel will be initially held by the coin-receivingsurface 296 and by the pin 284, but it cannot pass between those surfaces. Instead, that coin will fall off of the back, or outer, edge of the coin-receivingsurface 296 after thelever 294 has rotated through the greater part of its path of rotation. As the nickel falls off of the back edge of the coin-receivingsurface 296 it will fall to the right of thedivider pin 320 and will find its way between that divider pin and thedivider pin 322. The quarter will be initially held by the coin-receivingsurface 296 and the pin 284, but it too cannot pass between those surfaces. Instead, that coin will fall ofl? of the back edge of the coin-receivingsurface 296 after thelever 294 has rotated just a small part of its path of movement. That coin will fall onto thedivider pin 322 and will roll to the right of that pin where it will fall downwardly into the accepted coin area. In this way, the one coin sizing gauge can separate four coins of different denominations.

In the event any of the coins happens to stick between thestripper plate 304 and the center wall of theframe 268, thedeflector bar 326 can be moved, in the manner in which thedeflector bar 260 is moved in Figs. 12 and 13, and this will be followed by movement of thegate 274 and thestripper plate 304 away from the center wall of theframe 268. The movement of thestripper plate 304 will be limited by theears 332 and theslots 334, but thegate 274 will continue to move after thestripper plate 304 has been stopped. In this way, all support for the coins will be removed and those coins will move downwardly, strike thedeflector bar 326, and be directed to the rejected coin area between theplates 336 and 338.

In Fig. 15 the numeral 340 generally denotes a pin that is comparable to thepins 96, 158, 186 and 284. That pin can be set with its left and right faces vertical, although in some cases it may be desirable to incline the left and right faces of that pin, as is done in Figs. 1-10. The numeral 342 indicates a possible center of rotation and the letters A and B define the are which would be drawn if thepoint 342 was used as a center. The numeral 344 denotes a possible center of rotation, and the letters A and C define the are which would be drawn with the point 344 as a center. It will be noted that the distance from thepoint 342 to the point B is the same distance as the distance from thepoint 342 to the point A. However, the distance from the point 344 to the point C is greater than the distance from thepoint 342 to the point A. Consequently, where thepivots 64, 168 and 196 are placed in registry with the point 344, and where the coin-interceptingsurfaces 68, 172 and 200 are placed in registry with the point A, rotation of thelevers 66, 170 and 198 provides an increase in the spacing between thepin 340 and the coin-intercepting surfaces. That increase in spacing is the vertical distance between points B and C.

Thepoint 346 can be used as the center for thepivots 64, 168 and 196. Where this is done, the increase attained through the rotation of the levers is even greater; that increase in distance being the vertical distance between the points B and D.

Whereas several preferred embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described in the drawing and accompanying description, it should be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes may be made in the form of the invention without afiecting the scope thereof:

What I claim is:

l. A coin separator that can segregate spurious coins from authentic coins and that can also segregate authentic coins of different diameters from each other and that comprises'a frame, a passageway for coins, a stationary element that is disposed within said passageway and that has a substantially fiat coin-receiving surface thereon and that has a second substantially flat surface thereon, said coin-receiving surface and said second surface abutting each other to define an abrupt coin-gauging edge on said stationary element, a pivot that is adjacent said passageway and that is adjacent said stationary element but that is spaced laterally from said coin-gauging edge on said stationary element in the plane of said passageway, a second coin-receiving surface that is movable in an arcuate path about said pivot with said pivot as the center of rotation, said second coin-receiving surface being straight, said second coin-receiving surface normally being parallel to said second substantially flat surface on said stationary element, said second coin-receiving surface always having the upper edge thereof disposed below the level of said substantially flat coin-receiving surface on said stationary element, said second coin-receiving surface being disposed within said passageway, said second coin-receiving surface having a length less than the distance between said pivot and said second coin-receiving surface, the coin-receiving areas on said second coin-receiving surface being substantially equi-distant from said pivot, said coin-gauging edge on said stationary element and said second coin receiving surface normally defining a coinintercepting area in said passageway, a rejected coin chute disposed below and in register with said coin intercepting area, and an accepted coin chute that is disposed below the level of said coin-intercepting area and is below the level of said coin-receiving surface on said stationary element and is adjacent the lower end of said arcuate path of said second coin-receiving surface, said second coinreceiving surface normally being spaced from said coingauging edge on said stationary element a predetermined distance, the spacing between said second coin-receiving surface and said coin-gauging edge on said stationary element increasing, at a substantially constant rate of increase as said second coin-receiving surface moves through said arcuate path, because of the spacing between said pivot and said coin-gauging edge on said stationary element, said coin-gauging edge on said stationary element and said second coin-receiving surface coacting to permit undersize coins to pass therebetween and fall to said rejected coin chute prior to and during the major part of the movement of said second coin-receiving surface through said arcuate path, to intercept and hold coins of the proper size until said second coin-receiving surface has moved through the major part of said arcuate path and those coins are adjacent said accepted coin chute, to intercept and hold grossly oversize coins until those coins tilt away from said coin-gauging edge on said stationary element and fall to said rejected coin chute, and to intercept and hold slightly oversize coins.

2. A coin separator that can segregate spurious coins from authentic coins and that can also segregate authentic coins of different diameters from each other and that comprises a frame, a passageway for coins, a stationary element that is disposed within said passageway and that has a substantially flat coin-receiving surface thereon and that has a second substantially flat surface thereon, said coin-receiving surface and said second surface abutting each other to define an abrupt coin-gauging edge on said stationary element, a pivot that is adjacent said passageway and that is adjacent said stationary element but that is spaced laterally from said coin-gauging edge on said stationary element in the plane of said passageway, a second coin-receiving surface that is movable in an arcuate path about said pivot with said pivot as the center of rotation, said second coin-receiving surface being disposed within said passageway, said second coin-receiving surface having the upper edge thereof disposed below the level of said substantially flat coin-receiving surface on said stationary element, said second coin-receiving surface having a length less than the distance between said pivot and said second coin-receiving surface, the coinreceiving areas on said second coin-receiving surface being substantially equi-distant from said pivot, said coin-gauging edge on said stationary element and said second coinreceiving surface normally defining a coin-intercepting area in said passageway, a rejected coin chute disposed below and in register with said coin-intercepting area, and an accepted coin chute that is disposed below the level of said coin-intercepting area and is below the level of said coin-receiving surface on said stationary element and is adjacent the lower end of said arcuate path of :said second coin-receiving surface, said second coin-receiving surface normally being spaced from said coin-gauging edge on said stationary element a predetermined distance, the spacing between said second coin-receiving surface and said coin-gauging edge on said stationary element changing, at a substantially constant rate of change as said second coin-receiving surface moves through said arcuate path, because of the spacing between said pivot and said coin-gauging edge on said stationary element.

3. A coin separator that can segregate coins in accordance with their diameters and that comprises a frame, a passageway for coins, a stationary element that is disposed within said passageway and that has a coin-receiving surface thereon and that has a second surface thereon, said coin-receiving surface and said second surface abutting each other to define an abrupt coin-gauging edge on said stationary element, a pivot that is adjacent said passageway and that is adjacent said stationary element but that is spaced laterally from said coin-gauging edge on said stationary element in the plane of said passageway, a second coin-receiving surface that is movable in an arcuate path about said pivot with said pivot as the center of rotation, said second coin-receiving surface being disposed within said passageway, said second coin-receiving surface and said pivot being oppositely disposed of said coin-gauging edge on said stationary element whenever said second coin-receiving surface is in its normal position, said coin-gauging edge on said stationary element and said secondary coin-receiving surface normally defining a coin-intercepting area in said passageway, a rejected coin chute disposed below and in register with said coin-intercepting area, and an accepted coin chute that is disposed below the level of said coin-intercepting area and is below the level of said coin-receiving surface on said stationary element and is adjacent the lower end of said arcuate path of said second coin-receiving surface, said second coin-receiving surface being movable through said arcuate path to increase the spacing between said coin-gauging edge on said stationary element and said second coin-receiving surface at a substantially constant rate of increase.

4. A coin separator that can segregate coins in accordance with their diameters and that comprises a frame, a passageway for coins, a stationary element that is disposed within said passageway and that has a substantially flat coin-receiving surface thereon and that has a second substantially flat surface thereon, said coin-receiving surface and said second surface abutting each other to define a sharp coin-gauging edge on said stationary element, a pivot that is adjacent said passageway and that is adjacent said stationary element but that is spaced from said coin-gauging edge on said stationary element, a second coin-receiving surface that is movable in an arcuate path about said pivot with said pivot as the center of rotation, said second coinreceiving surface being disposed within said passageway, a first coin chute adjacent said arcuate path, and a second coin chute adjacent the lower end of said arcuate path, said coin-gauging edge on said stationary element and said second coin-receiving surface coacting to intercept coins of a predetermined diameter and to guide said coins past the first said coin chute to said second coin chute,

5. A coin separator that can segregate coins in accordance with their diameters and that comprises a frame, a passageway for coins, a stationary element that is disposed within said passageway and that has a coin-receiving surface thereon, a pivot that is adjacent said passageway and that is adjacent said stationary element but that is spaced laterally from said coin-receiving surface on said stationary element in the plane of said passageway, a second coin-receiving surface that is movable in an arcuate path about said pivot with said pivot as the center of rotation, said second coin-receiving surface being disposed within said passageway, said second coin-receiving surface having a length less than the distance between said pivot and said second coin-receiving surface, the coin-receiving areas on said second coin-receiving surface being substantially equi-distant from said pivot, said coinreceiving surface on said stationary element and said second coin-receiving surface normally defining a coin-intercepting area in said passageway, a first coin chute adjacent said arcuate path, and a second coin chute adjacent the lower end of said arcuate path, said coin-receiving surface on said stationary element and said second coin-receiving surface coacting to intercept coins of a predetermined diameter and to guide said coins past the first said coin chute to said second coin chute, said second coin-receiving surface responding to the rotation thereof about said pivot, from said coin-intercepting area, to substantially continuously increase the distance between itself and said coin-receiving surface on said stationary element until said coins move out of engagement with said second coin-receiving surface and move toward said second coin chute.

6. A coin separator that can segregate coins in accordance with their diameters and that comprises a frame, a passageway for coins, a stationary element that is disposed within said passageway and that has a coin-receiving surface thereon, a pivot that is adjacent said passageway and that is adjacent said stationary element but that is spaced laterally from said coin-receiving surface on said stationary element in the plane of said passageway, a movable element which is mounted on said pivot and which has a second coin-receiving surface that is movable in an arcuate path about said pivot with said pivot as the center of rotation, said second coin-receiving surface being disposed within said passageway, said coin-receiving surface on said stationary element and said second coinreceiving surface normally defining a coin-intercepting area in said passageway, a first coin chute adjacent said arcuate path, and a second coin chute adjacent the lower end of said arcuate path, said coin-receiving surface on said stationary element and said second coin-receiving surface coacting to intercept coins of a predetermined diameter and to guide said coins past the first said coin chute to said second coin chute, said second coin-receiving surface responding to the rotation thereof about said pivot, from said coin-intercepting area, to increase the distance between itself and said coin-receiving surface on said stationary element, a second pivot that is adjacent said second coin chute, a stop that is mounted on said second pivot for rotation relative to said second coin chute and that has a coin-intercepting portion which is movable into and out of coin-intercepting position in said second coin chute, said stop normally holding said coinintercepting portion in coin-intercepting position in said second coin chute but being engageable by said movable element to move said coin-intercepting portion out of coin-intercepting position in said second coin chute whenever said movable element intercepts coins of said predetermined diameter and guides said coins past the first said coin chute to said second coin chute.

7. A coin separator that can segregate coins in accordance with their diameters and that comprises a frame, a passageway for coins, a stationary element that is dis posed within said passageway and that has a coin-receiv ing surface thereon, a pivot that is adjacent said passage way and that is adjacent said stationary element but that is spaced laterally from said coin-receiving surface on said stationary element in the plane of said passageway, a second coin-receiving surface that is movable in an and ate path about said pivot with said pivot .as the center of rotation, said second coin-receiving surface being disposed within said passageway, a first coin chute adjacent said arcuate path, and a second coin chute adjacent the lower end of said arcuate path, said coin-receiving surface on said stationary element and said second coin-receiving surface coacting to intercept coins of a predetermined diameter and to guide said coins past the first said coin chute to said second coin chute, said second coinreceiving surface responding to the rotation thereof about said pivot, from said coin-intercepting area, to increase the distance between itself and said coin-receiving surface on said stationary element, said pivot and said coin-receiving surface on said stationary element being adjustable relative to each other to adjust the initial spacing between the first said and said second coin-receiving surfaces.

8. A coin separator that can segregate coins in accordance with their diameters and that comprises a frame, a passageway for coins, a stationary element that is disposed within said passageway and that has a coin-receiving surface thereon, a pivot that is adjacent said passageway and that is adjacent said stationary element but that is spaced laterally from said coin-receiving surface on said stationary element in the plane of said passageway, a second coin-receiving surface that is movable in an arcuate path about said pivot with said pivot as the center of rotation, said second coin-receiving surface being disposed within said passageway, a first coin chute adjacent said arcuate path, and a second coin chute adjacent the lower end of said arcuate path, said coin-receiving surface on said stationary element and said second coin-receiving surface coacting to intercept coins of a predetermined diameter and to guide said coins past the first said coin chute to said second coin chute, said second coinreceiving surface responding to the rotation thereof about said pivot, from said coin-intercepting area, to increase the distance between itself and said coin-receiving surface on said stationary element said pivot being movable through a generally vertical path to adjust the position of said pivot relative to said fixed coin-receiving surface and thereby adjust the initial spacing between the first said and said second coin-receiving surfaces.

9. A coin separator that can segregate coins in accordance with their diameters and that comprises a frame, a passageway for coins, a stationary element that is disposed within said passageway and that has a coin-receiving surface thereon, a pivot that is adjacent said passageway and that is adjacent said stationary element but that is spaced laterally from said coin-receiving surface on said stationary element in the plane of said passageway, a second coin-receiving surface that is movable in an arcuate path about said pivot with said pivot as the center of rotation, said second coin-receiving surface being disposed within said passageway, a first coin chute adjacent said arcuate path, and a second coin chute adjacent the lower end of said arcuate path, said coin-receiving surface on said stationary element and said second coin-receiving surface coacting to intercept coins of a predetermined diameter and to guide said coins past the first said coin chute to said second coin chute, said second coin-receiving surface responding to the rotation thereof about said pivot, from said coin-intercepting area, to increase the distance between itself and said coin-receiving surface on said stationary element, the first said and said second coin-receiving surfaces normally defining a line that is transverse of said passageway, said pivot being movable in a direction generally normal to said line to shift the lower end of said arcuate path without appreciably changing the upper end of said arcuate path.

10. A coin separator that can segregate coins in accordance with their diameters and that comprises a frame, a passageway for coins, a stationary element that is disposed within said passageway and that has a coin-receiving surface thereon, a pivot that is adjacent said passageway and that is adjacent said stationary element but that is spaced laterally from said coin-receiving surface on said stationary element in the plane of said passageway, a second coin-receiving surface that is movable in an arcuate path about said pivot with said pivot as the center of rotation, said second coin-receiving surface being disposed within said passageway, a first coin chute adjacent said arcuate path, and a second coin chute adjacent the lower end of said arcuate path, said coin-receiving surface on said stationary element and said second coin-receiving surface coacting to intercept coins of a predetermined diameter and to guide said coins past the first said coin chute to said second coin chute, said second coinreceiving surface responding to the rotation thereof about said pivot, from said coin-intercepting area, to increase the distance between itself and said coin-receiving surface on said stationary element, and a feeler that is biased for movement into said passageway to feel coins but is movable out of said passageway by the rotation of said second coin-receiving surface about said pivot, said second coin-receiving surface responding to the weight of coins in said passageway to move in one direction to permit said feeler to move into said passageway to feel said coins and responding to the interception of said coins by said feeler to move back in the opposite direction to move said feeler out of said passageway and free the said coins held thereby.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,192,301 Grover July 25, 1916 2,052,611 Du Grenier Sept. 1, 1936 2,091,232 Voge] Aug. 24, 1937 2,420,246 Keller May 6, 1947 2,503,232 Gottfried Apr. 4, 1950 2,569,603 Gottfried Oct. 2, 1951 2,589,214 Andrews Mar. 18, 1952 2,711,243 Gottfried June 21, 1955 2,770,343 Andrews Nov. 13, 1956 FOREIGN PATENTS 70,737 Netherlands of 1952

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