US2904043A - Hypodermic syringes - Google Patents

Description

Sept. 15, 1959 B. FRIEDMAN HYPODERMIC SYRINGES F-iled Feb. 10, 1954 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 IN VEN TOR. BL'NJAM/N I e/5on4 B Y Y Q ATTOQ/YEY Sept. 15, 1959 B. FRIEDMAN HYPODERMIC SYRINGES Filed Feb. 10, 1954 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 M mm a T m m 0 V; m a 2 m m PN K M n m a T S w w Hull W m A %s L 22: V z

United States Patent HYPODERMIC SYRINGES Benjamin Friedman, New York, NY.

Application February 10; 1954, Serial No. 409,440 11 Claims. -(Cl..128--218) This invention relates to'hypodermic syringes.

In my prior co-pending application Ser. No. 331,616, filedlanuary 16; 1953, thereare di'sclosed'several novel syringe devices. The present invention resides inseveral improvements over the device of said prior application;

More specifical1y,. it is an object of the present invention to provide in a device of thecharacterdescribed a. novelspacer element toallow for utilization of cartridges which are shorter than the maximum size accommodated by the device.

Another object is to provide a device of the character described comprising a tube having a threaded open end; athreadedbearing-member in engagement with said threaded tube end, a rod reciprocally slidably mounted insaidbearing member, said spacer element being inengagement with said bearing member whereby rotation of the latter causes .it to be adjusted axially to urge the-spacer element. into abutting engagement with the. undersize cartridge" and thereby clamp the latter in proper fixed position within the tube, so asnot to be dislocated during aspirationof blood.

A further object is toprovide the spacer element and the bearing. member with interlitting cylindrical portions having engaging abutting shoulder surfaces.v

Another. objectis to. provide a device. of'thecharact'er describediwhereinmany of the parts disclosed as separate elements insaidprior applicationare now formedintegral with the. tuberin. the present forms of; theinvention resultingiin a more durable, efficient, andieconomical! structime.

, Aiurther. object istoprovide anovelmeans. fer mount? ing the hypodermic needle to the tube, the latter being providedwithabore having. a taperediinner end and'an internally-threadedouter end, the. needle having a tapered hub. received within-the. tapered end'of thebore, ancLa needle retaining member. having: an externally threaded portion in threaded engagement within the internally endroftheboreandengaging the needle hub to press the latter into. tight securedrrelation: within. the tapered: end of; the bore.

Still another object is to provide a novel. syringe combiningstheobjects andadvantages noted abovewith those I Fig. 3 is a transversesectional view online 3-3r of Fig: 4'is aisid'e elevationalview of theembodiment of l with: an; auxiliary: member: attached? theretm for mounting alsecondcartrid'getor'a dissolving; operation;

ice

Fig. 5' is a longitudinal sectionalview on line 5-501 Fig. 4;

Fig. 6 is a detail view of the auxiliary member;

Fig. 7 is a longitudinal, sectional viewof another em= bodiment of the invention; and

Fig. 8 is a partial sectional view'showing' the device of Figs; 1 to 6 having therein'adifierent'typeofcartridge wherein the plunger is provided with a male threaded securing element instead of a female threaded element.

Referring nowto the-drawing inim'ore' detail; therefer ence numeral 11 indicates generally a preferred embodiment of a syringe in accordance withthe present invention and comprising a hollowlongitudinal tube 12 of cylin drical configuration.Tube 12 maybe formed ofimetal; plastic, glass or other suitablematerial andits wall 13 is provided with oppositely disposed openings. 1'4; 15: The latter. allow acartridge 16 tobeinserted therethrough into the interior of tube .12 andalso permit visual examina tion of thecartridge 16whenthedevice 11 is in use, as will be explained in morev detailbelow.

As shown in Fig. 2, the. upper. end'of' tube 12: is en= larged at 17" and is provided'withan annular hand-engageable flange 18 integral therewith. Tube 12 is open at said upper. endand'is internally. threaded at 19; The lower end oftube 12 is closed by anintergral bottom wall 20 having acounterb'oredrecess 21 of lesser'diameter than that of the hollow interior of: the major portion oftube 12;

Abearing member 22*i-s externally threaded at 23 to engage within the threaded'portion 19of"tube.12, whereby. beating member 221may. be adjusted'axially of tube" 12 by gripping and rotating theknurled sleeve portion 24 thereof. The latter is provided with a cylindricalibea ring opening 24' slidably and rotatably receiving a long i tudinalcylindrical rod 25 the lower portion of. which extends inwardly into the interior oftube 12, the opposite outer end of rod' 25 extending outwardly of bearingmember 22.

Secured to the outermost end. of rod' 25 is an externally threadedmember 26 having threadedly mounted thereon a second hand-engageable means comprising ahandlengageable knob 27. It will'beobvious that when the middle and index fingers engage the lower surface offlange 18 the thumb may engage the top surface-28 of knob- 27tourge rod 25 downwardly or inwardly with respecttotube 1 2. Thus flange.18"and.knob 27 constitute a pair of hand-engageabl'e means for moving the knob relative to the tube 12'.

The inner endof'rod 25 is externally threadeda't29 and an internally threadedsleeve 30 is threadedly mounted thereon and may be rotated so as to be ad jnsted axially of,rod2 5. The innermost end ofrod 25 has an externally threaded member 31' of reduced diameter projectingtherefrom. Threaded member 31i provided withan internally threadedbore 52". (Fig. 8) for a purpose to. be described The loweror. inner end' ofbearingmember 22" is' pro.- vided with a hollow cylindrical portion .33havingaplanar end surface 34. Ahollow cylindrical, spacer. element.35 is shown within tube 12but. is easily removable. there.- from. Theinterior surface ofltheupper end ofIspacer element 35'is counterbored att3'6 to. receive cylindrical portion33. of bearing member. 22.. The. end surface 3.4v0f the latter. abuts.againsttheshoulder 37 onthe interior wall surface of spacer e1ement'35" Thecartridge 16 maybe of conventionalconstruction and comprises a cylindrical: glass. vial.- 38 containing a fiuidtto be injected. The-lower.- end of". cartridge 16 rests within. counterbored recess: 21: of t bottom wall:- 20 and- .is closed by a. cap 39 g enera-lly ofi metal and having acene trally-disposed rubber orplastic plug 49 ",and a seal-ing diaphragm 50. The peripheral edge ofcap 39 is bent about theflange 51 ofvial 38.

The upper end of the latter is open and is normally sealed byarubber plunger 52 reciprocally slidable therein and having external peripheral grooves 53. These plungers are generally of three types. One type shown in Fig. 2 is provided with a female threadedinsert 54 embedded therein and comprising a hollow tubular portion 55 the lower open end of which is spaced only slightly above the upper surface of a concave recess 56 formed in the bottom surface ofplunger 52.

4 The upper end of tubular portion 55 is formed in tegral with an enlarged internally threaded portion 57. It will thus be seen that by rotatingrod 25, the externally threadedmember 31 may be screwed into the internally threaded portion '57 ofplunger 52, thereby securingplunger 52 torod 25. Thus rod '25 may be pulled upwardly in an aspirating action to drawplunger 52 upwardly withincartridge 16.

Referring to Fig. 8, there is shown a second type of plunger designated 152 having a male threaded securingelement 153 in the form of a hollow tube externally threaded at 154 and having alower portion 155 embedded withinplunger 152. The lower open end ofelement 153 is spaced above the top surface ofconcave recess 155. It will thus be seen that rotation ofrod 25 will cause the threadedportion 154 of securing element to be screwed into the internally threaded bore 32 ofmember 31.

The third type of cartridge plunger (not shown) generally in use is of the non-aspirating type and is devoid of male or female threaded securing elements. This plunger type is adapted to be merely pushed downwardly and for this purpose thesleeve 30 is rotated onrod 25, until its lower end surface 30' is moved downwardly into a common horizontal plane with the lower end surface 31' ofmember 31. Thesurfaces 30', 31 thus cooperate to form a relatively large abutment surface adapted to engage the top surface of this third type of plunger to urge the latter downwardly in response to inward movement ofrod 25.

It will thus be seen thatmember 31 andsleeve 30 en- Aneedle retaining member 67 is provided with an externally threadedportion 68 screwed into the internaJly threaded boreportion 63 and abuts against the lower surface of conical needle hub 66 to urge the latter upwardly and wedge it securely within the taperedbore portion 62. The exterior surface ofneedle retaining member 67 is knurled at 69 so as to be easily gripped and rotated. Anaxial opening 70 through retainingmember 67 receives the intermediate portion ofneedle 65.

Referring now to Figs. 4 to 6, numeral 89 indicates a hollow tubular auxiliary member having an open internally threaded upper end at 81 adapted to be screwed onto the externally threaded portion 60 at the lower end oftube 12. The opposite wall portions ofauxiliary member 80 are slotted at 82, '83 to provide a pair ofresilient finger portions 84, 85 for gripping therebetween a second oradditional cartridge 116. The latter is similar in construction tocartridge 16 described above and able the syringe to utilize cartridges having all three types of plungers generally in use.

The lower or inner portion of spacer element 35 is counterbored at 58 to receive the upper portion ofcartridge 16, the upper end of the latter abutting against a shoulder 59 formed on the interior wall surface of spacer element 35. It will thus be seen that bearingmember 22 may be rotated so as to be adjusted downwardly with respect totube 12 and thereby securely clampcartridge 16 between the lower end of spacer element 35 andbottom wall 20 oftube 12.Cartridge 16, shown as considerably'shorter and narrower than the maximum size cartridge which may be utilized withsyringe 11, may be replaced by cartridges of other sizes by unscrewing and removing bearingmember 22 and then replacing spacer element 35 with a different spacer element having a longer or shorter length or a different diameter, as may be appropriate. For the largest size cartridge, the spacer element is dispensed with entirely and theend surface 34 ofcylindrical portion 33 of bearingmember 22 abuts directly against the upper end of the cartridge to retain the latter securely withintube 12.

The lower end oftube 12 is provided with a reduced portion 60 having external threads at 61 and provided with an axial bore, the inner end of the latter being tapered at 62 and the outer end being internally threaded at 63. Anaxial opening 64 extends throughbottom wall 20. and communicates with taperedbore 62. A hollowhypodermic needle 65 is provided with a conical hub 66 secured thereto and mounted within the taperedbore portion 62,needle 65 extending upwardly throughopening 64 and piercingplug 49 and diaphragm 50 ofcartridge cap 39.

like reference numerals are applied to its various elements, except thatcartridge 116 contains a tablet or powder material which is to be dissolved, such as penicillin.

The upper end ofslot 83 is provided with a radially inwardly projectingflange 86 acting as a stop engaging thecartridge cap 39 to limit upward movement ofcartridge 116 as the latter is slid upwardly through the lower open end ofauxiliary member 80. During this upward movement, the lower end ofneedle 65 will penetratecap 39.

At the lower end ofcartridge 116,plunger 52 is provided with an air vent means 87 comprising aknob 88 having ahollow needle 89 therethrough,needle 89 extending through threadedinsert 54 and communicating at its inner end with the interior ofcartridge 116. In operation, the entire assembly shown in Fig. 5 is inverted and the fluid incartridge 16 is injected intocartridge 116 to dissolve tablet T. Therod 25 is then pulled outwardly in an aspirating action to draw the solution fromcartridge 116 back intocartridge 16. Auxiliary member andcartridge 116 are then removed and the solution incartridge 16 is then ready for injection in the usual manner.

The advantage of positively threading themember 31 ofrod 25 to plunger 52 ofcartridge 16 will thus be apparent. Another function of this arrangement is to permit an "aspirating action whereby theplunger 52 may be withdrawn slightly in an aspirating movement to determine if a blood vessel has been pierced byneedle 65, the blood being readily observable throughopenings 14, 15 oftube 12.

Referring now to Fig. 7, there is disclosed another em bodiment of the invention indicated generally at 120 and comprising anintegral tube 122 similar totube 12 and having corresponding reference numerals applied to like parts thereof. A rod 123 is reciprocally slidable withintube 122 and is provided with acylindrical piston portion 124 closely fitting the interior oftube 122 and aknob portion 125 at its upper end. It will thus be obvious that rod 123 may be urged downwardly withintube 122 so that a fluid to be injected may be aspirated intotube 122 in the manner described above. Rod 123 is then urged downwardly to inject the fluid through needle 165, by pressing downwardly onknob portion 125.

Needle extends through and is fixed within aneedle retainer 167 having an externally-threadedportion 168 formed integral with aconical portion 169. The latter fits within atapered bore 170 formed in the reduced portion 60 oftube 122 and threadedportion 168 is screwed into the internally-threadedbore 63 of portion 60. The upper end of hollow needle 165 is in sealed communication withbore 64.

It will be seen thattube 122 is substantially similar totube 12, whereby rod 123 may be removed for replacement by hearingmember 22,rod 25 and spacer element 35 to adaptsyringe 120 for use with cartridges ofthe type employed withsyringe 11. In this event, needle 1'65 andretainer 167 are removed and replaced by the needle construction shown in Figs. 2 and 5- or by any other suitable construction providing a needle having' an' upperpointed endpiercing thediaphragnr of the cartridge-cap.

Referring again to Fig; 8; the cartridge 16a therein is of a-widertypethan cartridge'lfi" ofFig; 2. Spacer elementi35a isalso wider to: accommodate cartridge 16a and fits'snugly against the interior surface oftube 12. The lower end ofsp'acer element 35a is provided with an enlarged flange 58a abutting against the upper end of cartridge: 16a.

Itis to be: understood that" the specific embodiments disclosed are merely illustrative and are not to limit the scope off the invention. as delineated in. the appended claims'unless' necessarilyso limited by the prior art.

I claim:

' 1'. In an aspiratorycartridge" syringe, an" integral tube adapted to receive a cartridge having a closure at its bottom end and a slidable plunger at itstop end, one end'of said tube being threaded and bein-g'open, an in"- tegral bearing member having threaded means integral therewith in engagement with said threaded tube end and mounted on the latter, a rod reciprocally shdably mounted in said bearing member and extending inward- 1y; into-said'tube and havingone end projectingv outward 1y from'i said bearing member, and; threaded means on theinner end of the rod for. alternatively engaging either male or female threaded elements: of cartridge plungers, said? threaded meansv comprising an externally threaded member on: the inner end of. saidrod and extending inwardly," therefrom and having aninternally-threaded opening; a portion of said rod beingiexternally threaded adjacent the inner end thereof,,and an'internally threaded sleeve in. threaded engagement with said threaded rod portion, said sleeve being thereby adjustablyimoveable axially of the rod to. selectably position the inner end of the sleeve either outwardly of the inner end of said threaded member o1=in-a common plane with said inner end of the threaded member in whi'ch': latter position the inner ends of both the sleeve and the threaded member cooperate to provide an abutment means for engaging cartridge plungers of the type devoid of threaded connecting elements.

2. In a cartridge syringe, a tube adapted to receive a cartridge having a slidable plunger, said tube having a forward end formed with a stop shoulder, a rod reciprocally movable within said tube and projecting outwardly from the rear end of the tube, a pair of hand engageable means adjacent said rear end of said tube, and on the projecting portion of the rod, respectively, rigid strut like spacer means removable mounted within said tube and shdable therein for engaging the rear end of a cartridge within said tube, a bearing member screwed to the rear end of the tube for engaging the spacer means to stop the latter against movement with respect to the tube, and for unyieldingly pressing said spacer against said cartridge to press said cartridge against said shoulder, said bearing member being formed with an axial passage through which said rod passes, the inner end of said rod having threaded means for alternately engaging either male or female threaded elements of said cartridge plunger.

3. A syringe as recited in claim 2 wherein said threaded means comprises an externally threaded member on the inner end of said rod and extending inwardly therefrom and having an internally-threaded opening.

4. In a syringe as recited in claim 2, said spacer means comprising a tubular element coaxial with said tube, the inner end of said element abutting against the end of the cartridge when the latter is placed within the tube, said tubular element having adjacent its outer end means engaging said bearing member within said tube, said threaded means on the inner end of the rod having an externally threaded member extending inwardly there from; said externally threaded member having an internallythreadedbore therein.

52 he cartridge'syringe, atube adapted to receive a cartridge having a slidable plunger, a rod reciprocally movable within said tube and projecting outwardly at one end thereof; a pair of hand-engageable means adjacent said one'end of the tube and on the projecting portion' ofthe rod, respectively, spacer means removably mounted within said tube for engaging acartridge to restrain the" latter against movement within the tube and meanswithin the tube for engaging said spacer means torestrain the latter against movement with respect to the tube, the inner end of said rod having threaded means for alternatively engaging either male or female threaded elements of cartridge plungers, said threaded means comprising an' externally threaded member on the inner endof said rod" and extending inwardly therefrom and having an internally threaded opening, a sleeve, and means'mounting'the sleeve on the inner end of the'rod formovem'ent axially'thereo-f to selectably position the innerend'of-the-sleeve in'a' desired relation withrespect tothe inner end of said threaded member.

6; In a cartridge syringe, a tube adapted to receive a cartridge having a slidable plunger, arod reciprocally movable within said tube and projecting outwardly at one 5 end thereof, a pair of hand-engageable means adjacent' said oneend' of the tube and on the projecting portion' of'the' rod, respectively, a spacer means removably mounted within said-tube for engaging a cartridge in the tube-to restrain the' latter against movement within the tube and means" within the tube for engaging said spacer-means'to'restrain the-latter against movement with respect to the" tube, the inner end of said rod having threaded fmeans" for alternatively engaging either male or female threaded elements of cartridge plungers, said threaded means'comprising an externally-threaded member on the inner end" of said rodand extending inwardly therefrom and" having an internally-threaded opening, said spacer means comprising a tubular element coaxial withsaid. tube; the" inner end of said element being adapted to abut against the endof acartridge when the latter is placed within the tube, said tubular element having adjacent its outer end means for engaging said engaging means Within the tube, the inner end of the rod being externally threaded, and an internally threaded sleeve in threaded engagement with said threaded inner end of the rod, said inner end of the rod and said sleeve being located Within said tubular element,

7. In a cartridge syringe, a tube adapted to receive a cartridge having a slidable plunger, one end of said tube being open, threaded means on said one end of the tube, a threaded bearing member in threaded engagement with said threaded means, a rod reciprocally slidable in said bearing member and having an inner portion within said tube and an outer portion outwardly of said bearing member, means on the inner end of the rod for engaging the plunger of a cartridge when the latter is placed within the tube, and a spacer element removably mounted Within the tube and having one end engaging said bearing member and an opposite end adapted to abut against an end of said cartridge, one end of the spaced element being provided with a cylindrical portion, said bearing member having a cylindrical portion extending projecting inwardly within the tube, one of said cylindrical portions extending Within the other of said cylindrical portions, and interengaging abutment surfaces on said cylindrical portions to prevent outward movement of the spacer element with respect to the bearing member.

8. The combination ofclaim 7 wherein said engaging means on the inner end of the rod comprises an externally threaded member having an internally threaded bore, the inner end of the rod being of larger diameter than said threaded member and being externally threaded, and an internally threaded sleeve in threaded engagement with said threaded inner end of the rod, said spacer element being of hollow cylindrical configuration and surrounding said sleeve and said threaded inner end of the rod.

9. The combination of claim 8, the end of said tube opposite said one end being provided with an integral end wall having a reduced portion integral therewith, said reduced portion having external threads and an internal bore extending inwardly from the end of said reduced portion, the outer end of said bore being internally threaded and the inner end of said bore being tapered inwardly, said end wall having an opening therethrough coaxial with said tube, a needle extending through said opening and said bore, a conical hub secured to an intermediate portion of said needle and located within said tapered end of the bore, a needle retaining member having an externally threaded portion in threaded engagement within said internally threaded outer end of the bore and abutting said needle hub to retain the needle infixed relation to the tube, and a tubular auxiliary member having an internally threaded end in engagement with said external threads of the reduced portion, the opposite end of said auxiliary member being open to receive a cartridge slidable thereinto.

10. A cartridge syringe comprising a tube adapted to receive a cartridge, a rod slidably mounted in one end of the tube, the end of said tube opposite said one end being provided with an integral end wall having a reduced portion integral therewith, said reduced portion having external threads and an internal bore extending inwardly from the end of said reduced portion, the outer end of said bore being internally threaded and the inner end of said bore being tapered inwardly, said end wall having an opening therethrough coaxial with said tube, a needle extending through said opening and said bore, a conical hub secured to an intermediate portion of said needle and located within said tapered end of the bore, a needle retaining member having an externally threaded portion in threaded engagement within said internally threaded outer end of the bore and abutting said needle hub to retain the needle in fixed relation to the tube, and a tubular auxiliary member having an internally threaded end in engagement with said external 8 threads of the reduced portion, the opposite end of said auxiliary member being open to receive a cartridge slidable thereinto.

11. A cartridge syringe comprising a tube adapted to receive a cartridge, a rod slidably mounted in one end of the tube, the end of said tube opposite said one end being provided with an integral end wall having a reduced portion integral therewith, said reduced portion having external threads and an internal bore extending inwardly from the end of said reduced portion, the outer end of said bore being internally threaded, said end Wall having an opening therethrough coaxial with said tube, a needle extending through said opening and said bore, a hub secured to an intermediate portion of said needle and located within said bore, a needle retaining member having an externally threaded portion in threaded engagement within said internally threaded outer end of the bore and abutting said needle hub to retain the needle in fixed relation to the tube, and a tubular auxiliary member having an internally threaded end in engagement with said external threads of the reduced portion, the opposite end of said auxiliary member being open to receive a cartridge slidable thereinto.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Re. 17,906 Smith Dec. 16, 1930 1,574,579 Jones Feb. 23,1926 1,604,224 Friedman Oct. 26, 1926 1,624,327 Friedman Apr. 12, 1927 1,683,349 Hein Sept. 4, 1928 1,798,142 Cressler Mar. 31, 1931 2,193,489 Nevin Mar, 12, 1940 2,345,302 Smith Mar. 28, 1944 2,505,307 Smith Apr. 25, 1950 2,555,878 Drabicki June 5, 1951 2,591,706 Lockhart Apr. 8, 1952 FOREIGN PATENTS 611,290 Great Britain Oct. 27, 1948 938,355 France Sept. 12, 1949

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