States COSMETIC AND DEODORANT STICKS N Drawing. Application =March 1, :1956
Serial No. 568,938
7 Claims. '(Cl. 167-90) The present invention relates to a cosmetic stick, and more particularly to adeodorant stick, comprising a solid alcohol base and having dispersed therein a water-soluble soap or salt of saturated higher fatty acids having essentially 12 to 14 carbon atoms, as hereinafter described and claimed.
Cosmetic preparations in the form of solid, stick or frozen colognes are well known in the art. In general, such products have comprised usually a major amount of alcohol with a minor amount of solidifying ingredients. It has been proposed to incorporate deodorant materials in such products also.
In accordance with the present invention, it has been discovered that a cosmetic stick comprising a solid alcohol base and having dispersed therein a minor amount of a water-soluble soap or salt of saturated higher fatty acids having essentially 12 to 14 carbon atoms exhibits certain desirable characteristics. A preferred embodiments relates to a deodorant stick comprising a major amount of alcohol solidified by a minor amount of sodium stearate, a deodorant and having incorporated therein a minor-amount of a lower alkylolamine soap 'or salt of said higher fatty acids. Other significant features and preferred embodiments will be apparent from the following description.
This novel cosmetic stick exhibits many beneficial and unique characteristics. The product has effective deodorant properties and excellent yielding qualities with rapid drying upon application to the skin without irritation. The user experiences a moist feeling and cooling sensation. As to the physical characteristics of the product itself, it is transparent when freshly made and results in a clear translucent gel system upon aging. It is stable and withstands summer temperatures with minimum shrinking and without the development of tackiness or syneresis.
As indicated, the specified water-soluble soap. or salt is an essential ingredient of a composition having the above characteristics. The terms soap and salt as used herein are synonymous. Suitable examples are the alkali metal (e.g. sodium and potassium) and nitrogencontaining salts of said fatty acids. Examples of the nitrogen-containing salts are the ammonium and lower alkylolamine salts having 2 to 3 carbon atoms per alkylol group, such as the monoethanolamine, tri-ethanolamine, monopropanolarnine, monoand tri-isopropanolamine salts. The acidic portion of the salts. should be essentially pure saturated higher fatty acids such as lauric or myristic acids, or suitable mixtures thereof derived from waxy or fatty materials provided that it is free from significant proportions of other fatty acids of higher or lower molecular weight which substantially adversely affect or neutralize the desired etfects. For example, selective fractionation of the fatty acids derived from the saponification and hydrolysis of lanolin may be conducted in known manner so as to obtain a fraction which is composed essentially of 14 carbon fatty acid, e.g. myristic acid. A
typical commercial material which has given excellent results analyzes as essentially the tri-isopropanolamine salt of myristic acid. Upon hydrolysis, the fatty acid fraction has the following characteristics: Neutral equiv. 232.5, M.-P. 52 C., distills in the form of the methyl esters under 2 mm. vacuum with 218% at 102104 C., 90.8% at 127-128 C. and 6.4% at 150 C. This material is utilized conveniently in the form of a transparent pasty concentrated-aqueous gel. Other suitable materials are potassium myristate, mono-isopropanolamine myristate, triethanolamine myristate, tri-isopropanolamine laurate and the like.
It has been found that the specified salt material is compatible in an alcohol base solidified or gelled with a hard soap such as sodium stearate. It does not cloud nor tend to precipitate from the gel system of the stick. As part of its beneficial effects, this salt reduces the yield point of'the cosmetic-stick significantly which is the minimum or initial pressure required to initiate flow in this plastic or gel-like system. The lowered yield point gives a greater slip as the product is applied to the skin, resulting in the deposition of a smooth, even and non-tacky coating without drag. Where deodorant is present in the product, the presence of the alkylolamine myristate salt or the like insures the application of a suificient and uniform quantity of the deodorant to the skin without irritation. Such salt is essential in preventing excessive tackiness in the product and is conducive also to the obtention of a stable, translucent product With minimum shrinking upon aging or subjection to elevated temperatures. It is preferred to employ a lower alkylolamine salt of myristic acid in view-of the optimum effects obtained thereby.
This salt should be used in minor proportion, such as from about /2 to 5%, and preferably from 1 to 3% by weight, of the composition as formulated since it has been found that within this range the finished product possesses the desired properties to an optimum degree.
The'alcohol is present as the major component of the composition and varies usually from about 70 to by weight. The alcohol has 2 to 3 carbon atoms usually, with ethyl alcohol preferred in'particular though isopropyl alcohol may be used 'also.
The alcohol is converted into a gel with a solidifying ingredient in known manner to form the solid cosmetic product. In particular, itis'preferred to employ a stearic acid soap as the gelling agent which is formedipreferably in situ by the admixture of alkali such as sodium hydroxide with a warm solution of stearic acid in alcohol. The resulting mixture solidifies to a. gel upon cooling. Any type ofstearic acid may be used through it is. preferred to employ the commercialstearicacid which comprises essentially "a mixture 'of-stearic =and palmitic acids.
Other :materials -capable of solidifying the alcohol "are known in the art and may be employed in the present invention, such as waxes, e.g. candelilla and carnauba waxes.
The solidifying material is used in a minor but variable amount and will be from about 210%, preferably 48%, by weight of the formulation depending upon the specific solidifying agent, such as sodium stearate. The admixture of the water-soluble salt of said higher fatty acid With sodium stearate or the like has been found to be the preferred combination for obtention of the desired efiiects.
Any suitable deodorant material may be incorporated in the product. There is a wide variety of recognized deodorant materials such as the halogenated dihydroxy diphenyl methanes. Specific examples are the 2,2 dihydroxy derivatives such as 2,2-dihydroxy-3,5,6-3',5,6'- hexachlorodiphenylmethane (hexachlorophene) and the corresponding alkali metal, e.g. sodium, and alkaline earth metal, e.g. calcium, salts. Other materials including anti-bacterial agents and anti-perspirants may be employed in the product similarly. Such materials including deodorant compounds are employed usually in minor amount, such as from about 0.05 to 5%, and preferably 0.01 to 1%, by weightdepe'nding upon the particular material.
Various optional materials may be incorporated in suitable amount inthe product such as a small amount of moisture, glycerine, carbitol, perfumes, coloring agents and the like as desired.
The following specific examples are further illustrative of the present invention, but it is to be understood that the invention is not limited thereto. All amounts of the various ingredients are by weight unless otherwise specified.
Example I A deodorant stick is prepared according to the following formulation Percent Tri-isopropanolamine myristate 1.5 Ethyl alcohol (95%) 80.0
The composition is prepared by mixing alcohol, carbitol, glycerine, the deodorant (hexachlorophene) and the alkylolamine salt with an alcoholic solution of the stearic acid at 160 F. to form a homogeneous mixture. The sodium hydroxide is added to the heated mixture in order to gradually saponify the stearic acid in situ, followed by the addition of the perfume and color. The mixture is poured at a temperature of 140-145 F. into cylindrical molds and permitted to solidify upon cooling. Upon removal from the molds, the finished products are each in cylindrical form suitable for individual use due to the form of the molds.
It is stable and possesses effective deodorant qualities combined with ease of application and low yield point, and the other desired attributes as described.
Example II A suitable cosmetic stick is prepared as in Example I except that the hexachlorophene deodorant is omitted. The finished product is a highly translucent, stable cologne stick which yields freely upon application to the skin as the product of Example I.
Examples III-VII Satisfactory deodorant sticks are prepared as in Example I except that the tri-isopropanolamine myristate is substituted by equivalent amounts of triethanolamine myristate, mono-isopropanolamine myristate, triisopropanolamine laurate, sodium and potassium myristate.
Although the present invention has been described and illustrated with a reference to specific examples, it is understood that modifications and variations of composition and procedure are contemplated within the scope of the appended claims.
Having thus described the invention, what is claimed is:
1. A deodorant cosmetic stick comprising a gel of a major amount of alcohol of 2 to 3 carbon atoms and a minor amount of sodium stearate sutiicient to solidify said alcohol to a solid gel, a deodorant, and having incorporated therein about /2 to 5% by weight of a watersoluble soap of myristic acid effective to improve the yielding properties of said stick.
2. A deodorant stick in accordance With claim 1 which contains ethyl alcohol.
3. A deodorant stick in accordance with claim 1 wherein said deodorant is 2,2'-dihydroxy-3,5,6-3,5',6' hexachlorodiphenylmethane.
4. A deodorant stick in accordance with claim 1 wherein said Water-soluble soap is essentially an alkylolamine soap of myristic acid.
5. A deodorant stick in accordance with claim 4 wherein said soap is tri-isopropanolarm'ne myristate.
6. A cosmetic stick comprising a gel of a major amount of alcohol of 2 to 3 carbon atoms and a minor amount of sodium stearate sufficient to solidify said alcohol to a solid gel, and having incorporated therein about /2 to 5% by weight of a water-soluble soap of a saturated fatty acid having essentially 12 to 14 carbon atoms effective to improve the yielding properties of said stick.
7. A cosmetic stick comprising a gel of a major amount of alcohol of 2 to 3 carbon atoms and a minor amount of sodium stearate suflicient to solidify said alcohol to a solid gel, and having incorporated therein about /2 to 5% by weight of a water-soluble soap of myristic acid effective to improve the yielding properties of said stick.
References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Emulsion: Carbide and Carbon Chem. Corp., N.Y.C., 8th ed., 1949, pp. 7-9.
De Navarre: Am. Perf. and Ess. Oil Rev., vol. 56, October 1950, pp. 289-291.
Martin: Modern Soap and Detergent Ind, The Tech. Press, London, vol. 2, 1951, see. H, pp. 67-75.
Wertheim: Textbook of Organic Chem., The Blakiston Co., Phila., 2nd ed., 1945, pp. 215, 216, 218-220.
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION August 18, 1959 Patent No. 2,900,306
Joseph Nelson Slater e printed specification appears in th d that the said Letters It is hereby certified that error correction an of the above numbered patent requiring Patent should read as corrected below.
Column 3, line 5, for "0.01 to 1%, by Weight" read 0,1 to 1%, by weight .Signed and sealed this 16th day of February 1960.,
(SEAL) Attest:
F INE KARL H AXL ROBERT C. WATSON Commissioner of Patents Attesting Oflicer