US2657908A - Breakout table - Google Patents

Description

Nov. 3, 1953 G. E. FAILING 2,657,903

BREAKOUT TABLE Filed Sept. 5, 1949 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 I2: I I

. l5 27 33 8a! a 3a I z I I 35 I7 1 II 20 85 86 [3' Snvgntor George E, mildly attorneys Nov. 3, 1953 G. E. FAlLlNG 2,657,908

BREAKOUT TABLE Tailed Sept. 3, 1949 4 Sheets-Sheet 5 3nventor Awni Gttorneg;

Nov. 3, 1953 G. E. FAILING 2,657,903

BREAKOUT TABLE Filed Sept. 3, 1949 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Patented Nov. 3, 1953 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE BREAKOUT TABLE George E. Failing, Enid, kla., assignor to The George E. Failing Supply Company, Enid, 0kla., a corporation of Oklahoma Application September 3, 1949, Serial No. 113,973

7 Claims.

This invention relates to a breakout table used in conjunction with a portable drilling rig for disconnecting stands of drill pipe when pulling drill pipe from a bore hole, the principal object being to provide a breakout table adapted for operation under power of the drilling head.

Other objects of the invention are to provide a breakout table that forms a unitary part of a portable drilling rig and which is adapted to be moved from a transport position, for road clearance, to a drilling position, and from a drilling position to an out-of-way position when running in casing or other objects into the bore hole too large to pass through the breakout table; to provide the breakout table with hooks adapted to engage studs on the drilling rig for retaining the breakout table in its drilling and transport position; to provide a breakout table that serves as a spider when raising or lowering a drill pipe into the bore hole; to provide the breakout table and rotary thereof with a ratchet adapted to hold the pipe when the kelly is unthreaded therefrom; to provide a breakout table that can be used as an auxiliary drive of the Kelly rod of the drilling rig, and to provide the breakout table with a support for the Kelly rod when the breakout table is in transport position.

In accomplishing these and other objects of the invention, I have provided improved structure, the preferred forms of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings wherein:

Fig. 1 is an end view of a portion of a portable drilling rig equipped with a breakout table embodying the features of the present invention, the table being shown in drilling position.

Fig. 2 is a side elevational view of the portion of the drilling rig illustrated in Fig. 1, the drilling head being shown in retracted position with a Kelly rod connected in driving relation with the breakout table.

Fig. 3 is a similar side elevational view but showing the drill head in drilling position, the respective carrying and out-of-way positions of the breakout table being shown in dotted lines.

Fig. 4 is a similar perspective View particularly illustrating the hinge mounting of the breakout table.

Fig. 5 is an underneath plane view of a part of the breakout table showing the ratchet for looking the rotary member of the table when the kelly is to be unthreaded from the drill pipe.

Fig. 6 is a perspective view of the breakout table.

Fig. 7 is an enlarged longitudinal section particularly illustrating the drive connection be- 2 tween the turntable of the breakout and the drive rod of the drill head.

Fig. 8 is a plan view of the rotary element particularly illustrating the drill pipe gripping slips.

Fig. 9 is a cross section through the slips illustrating the drill pipe gripping rollers of the slips.

Figs. 10 and 11 show sectional views of different forms of driving connections between the drive rod of the drill head and the driving member of the breakout table.

Fig. 12 is a sectional view of the driving member adapted for connection with the threaded end of a kelly rod when a kelly rod is used in connection with the drill head.

Referring more in detail to the drawings:

1 designates the rear portion of a portable drilling rig, including a platform-like frame 2, carrying spaced guide rails 3 and 4 slideably mounting adrill head 5 and whereon the drill head is moved from a drilling position to a retractive position. In a rig of this character theframe 2 is usually mounted on a motor vehicle chassis and the rear end of the drill head projects from the rear of the chassis to carry a drill pipe rotating mechanism \3 that is supported vertically between the guide rails 3 and 4 on the chassis, as best shown in Figs. 1 and 2. In the illustrated instance, the mechanism 6 includes an extension 1 of theframe 8 of the drill head and mounts laterally spacedhydraulic cylinders 9 and ID in which are reciprocably mounted piston rods II and I2 interconnected by a cross head l3.

Rotatably mounted in the cross head [3 is a. kelly or drive rod M which is preferably of polygonal cross section for sliding rotary connection with a suitable rotating mechanism housed within the frame extension, and which effects rotation of the drive rod or kelly while the cross head is being supported in stationary position or while the cross head is being moved under reciprocation or the piston rods, as when applying pressure to the drill bit on the lower end of thedrill pipe 15.

The lower end of the rod 1 4 is suitably threaded to connect a chuck (not shown) but which is adapted to grip the drill pipe to exert a downward thrust thereon. The drill pipe I5 includes a plurality of sections that are connected together by tool joints may be increased in length progressively with progress of the drill bit by adding additional sections or stands of drill pipe, and the sections may be disconnected when the drill pipe is being pulled from the bore hole as when changing drill bits or for other reasons well known to those skilled in the drilling art.

I6, so that the drilling string.

In carrying out the present invention a breakout table II is used to uncouple the stands of drill pipe and the power is applied to the breakout table from the drive or kelly rod of the drill head as now to be described.

The breakout table I1 is best illustrated in Fig. 6 and includes a substantially hollow T-shaped body l8, including upper and lower plate portions l9 and I9 conforming to the contour of the table and which are connected around the marginal edges thereof by vertical plate orwall portions 20, as best shown in Figs. 6 and '7.

Supported by the body l8, substantially in the center of the head of the T-shaped formation, is arotary element 2| as shown in Fig. 6. Thelateral portions 22 and 23 of the body I8 on the respective sides of the turntable are provided withupstanding lugs 24 and 25, havinghooks 26 and 21 adapted to engagestuds 28 and 29 when the breakout table is in drilling position orstuds 30 and 3| when the breakout table is in transport position as later described.

The rearwardly extendingportion 32 of the T-shaped body carries arotatory driving member 33 which is in a position to register with the drive or kelly rod |4 when the drill head is in retracted position as shown in Fig. 2.

Projecting from the rear end of the frame are laterally spacedears 34 and 35 which are pivotally connected tosuspension links 36 and 31 by a cross pin orshaft 38. The upper ends of thelinks 36 and 31 are pivotally connected with the ends of a cross pin orshaft 39 that is carried bycars 40 and 4| on the supportingframe 2, as best shown in Figs. 1 and 3. The breakout table is thus adapted to be supported in horizontal position below the supporting frame of the drill head as shown in full lines Fig. 3 or to be swung upwardly into carrying position as shown by the u per dotted lines 42 with thehooks 26 and 21 engaged with thestuds 36 and 3|, or the breakout table may be swung downwardly and rearwardly from over the bore hole so that it is out of the way when pulling casing or performing other operations incidental to drilling.

Therotary element 2| includes a flange ortable portion 43 that is rotatably mounted in a bearing ring 44 inset within an Opening of the plate portion l3. Depending from the flange ortable portion 43 of the turntable is a sleeve 45 of reduced diameter, and which is rotatably supported in a bearing ring 4'5 that is supported within an opening in the lower plate is. Therotary element 2| is restrained from axial movement in the bearing rings 44 and 46 byplate members 41 that are secured to the under side of the plate it? by fastening devices 46, and which haveportions 49 engaging in an angular groove 50 in the sleeve portion of the turntable. Themember 2| is provided with an axial bore through which the drill pipe i5 is adapted to be extended when the breakout table is in drilling position. Thebore 5| has anupper counterbore 52 to contain a set ofslips 53 that set upon ashoulder 54 formed by the bottom of the counterbore. The slips include upper and lowerarcuate plates 55 and 56 provided with longitudinal recesses tomount rollers 59 which are supported on pins 6|! having their ends supported by theplates 55 and 56 to engagefiat sides 51 within therotary element 2| and effect movement of the rollers into a gripping contact with a drill pipes tool joint when the turn table is rotated as later described. Encircling the sleeve of the turntable is a sprocket ring 6| havingteeth 62 engaged by anendless chain 63 operating overteeth 64 of a sprocket 65 that is formed on thedriving member 33, as best shown on Fig. 7.

The drivingmember 33 includes a sleeve-like body 66 that is rotatably mounted inbearings 61 and 68 that are carried by disc-shaped plates 69 and 10 closing upper and lower openings in the plates l9 and I9 and which are secured in position by fastening devices such as cap screws II and 12.

In the form of the invention shown in Fig. 7 the sleeve-like body has an inner diameter to receive apilot 13 that is secured through asleeve 14 with the threaded end of the drive rod when the drive chuck is removed therefrom. Thesleeve 14 is provided with dependinglugs 15, which are adapted to engage with similar lugs 16 that are formed on the upper end of the sleeve of the driving member as best shown in Figs. '7 and 11.

The driving member shown in Fig. 10 is similar to the driving member shown in Figs. '7 and 11 except that it is provided with a bore having cross sectional shape corresponding to a driving pilot 11 which in the instance illustrated is of octangular shape and conforming to the octangular shape of the drive rod.

In the driving connection shown in Fig. 12, the driving member is provided with an internal threadedsocket 13 having threads corresponding to the threads on the lower end of thekelly rod 9| or an extension that is adapted to be connected thereto.

The breakout table is provided at the front thereof withhandles 19 and l. by which the table may be lifted into and out of its respective positions and to facilitate its engagement with the supporting studs. in order to prevent disengagement of the hooks when indrilling position bolts 8| and 62 may be passed through suitable openings in the frame at points directly over the hooks after they have been engaged with thestuds 28 and 26. Asupport 63 is provided for the kelly or drive rod l4 when the breakout table is in transport position. This support comprises across bar 34 that connects thelinks 36 and 31.

To facilitate uncoupling of the Kelly or drive rod M, the turntable has a ratchet that is adapted to engage lugs 66 (Fig. 5) depending from the rotary element H. the ratchet comprising apawl 36 pivoted to the underside of the breakout table on a stud II. The pawl has atail portion 8| for connecting aspring 39 which has its other end connected to alug 30 on the breakout table.

Assuming that the breakout table is constructed and assembled as described it is mounted on a portable drilling rig below the frame thereof by attachment of the linlm as shown. The breakout table is moved to the upper dotted line position as shown in Fig. 8, and supported by engagement of thehooks 26 and 21 withstuds 30 and 3|. This position of the breakout table gives ample road clearance while the drill is being transported from one drilling site to another.

When the drill rig is set up for drilling of a bore hole, the hooks are withdrawn from thestuds 30 and 3| so that the breakout table may be lowered to a horizontal position as shown in full lines, Fig. 3, where the hooks are engaged with thestuds 28 and 29. In this position the slips may be removed and the drill pipe operated by extending it through the turntable, or the slips may be left in position and used as a spider in supporting the drill pipe when additional stands are coupled therewith.

When the drill head is in drilling position the drive rod is, of course, located directly over the axis of the turntable and the rotating mechanism of the drilling head is used in rotating the drive rod to effect rotation of the drill pipe.

When it becomes necessary to remove the drill pipe from the bore hole, as when changing bits or the like, the drill or kelly rod is raised above the breakout table and the slips are inserted in therotary member 2! so as to support the drill pipe for disconnection of the drive rod. This is effected by rotating the kelly or drill rod in a direction to effect unthreading thereof while the drill pipe is held from rotation by theratchet 85.

After disconnection of the driving rod, the drilling head is moved to retracted position with the drive rod registering with the drivingmember 33 of the breakout table. The threaded end of the drive rod is then connected with the driving member by any one of the types of connections as illustrated in Figs. and 11, depending upon the connection which is used. The drill head is thus out of .position so that the drill pipe may be withdrawn from the bore hole by means of the usual elevator, derrick and tackle mechanism not shown. When the first stand of the drill pipe passes the turntable the slips are caused to engage the drill pipe and the drilling mechanism is placed in operation to rotate the drive or kelly rod M, which effects rotation of thedrive member 33,sprocket 34,chain 63, andsprocket 62 to rotate the turntable in a direction to effect unthreading of the stand of drill ipe from the drill pipe gripped in the turntable, a suitable tong (not shown) having been applied to the stand of drill pipe to hold the stand from rotation while the drill pipe in the well is being rotated by the drive rod.

After disconnection of the stand of drill pipe the elevator is again recoupled with the projecting end of the drill pipe and another stand is withdrawn through the turntable so that the next tool joint may be similarly disconnected. The operations will be continued in like manner until the last stand of drill pipe has been removed from the bore hole.

When running casing or other objects too big to pass the opening in turntable thehooks 26 and 27 are disengaged from thestuds 28 and 29 and the breakout table is dropped to the lower dotted line position shown in Fig. 3. In this position the breakout table is clear of the bore hole and easing or the like and may be run through or withdrawn from the bore hole as desired.

From the foregoing it is obvious that I have provided a breakout table that is of simple con struction, and which is adapted for operation under power of the drive rod so as to eliminate the necessity of the usual catheads or other devices required in breaking the joints of drill pipe.

What I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In combination with a drilling rig having a portable frame, a drill head movable on the frame to and from drilling positions and having a drive rod and rotating means for the drive rod, a breakout table including a body member supported by said frame, a rotary member rotatable in said body member and having drill pipe gripping means for eiiecting rotation of a drill pipe, when gripped thereby, a driving member rotatable in the body member in registry with said drive rod when the drilling head is moved out of drilling position, a removable driving connection between the drive rod and the driving member, and a driving connection between the driving member and the rotary member.

2. In combination with a drilling rig having a portable frame, a drill head movable on the frame to and from drilling position and having a drive rod and rotating means for the drive rod, a breakout table including a body member, a driving member rotatable in the body member, links pivotally connecting the body member with the frame at an end thereof nearest the driving member, hooks connecting the opposite end of the body member with the frame and releasable to shift the body member downwardly on said links and out of drilling position, a drill pipe rotating member rotatable in the body member and having drill pipe gripping means for effecting rotation of a drill pipe when gripped thereby, said driving member being in registry with the drive rod when the drilling head is moved out of drilling position, a removable driving connection between the drive rod and the driving member, and a driving connection between the driving member and the drill pipe rotating member.

3. In combination with a drilling rig having a portable frame, a drill head movable on the frame to and from drilling positions and having a drive rod and means for rotating the drive rod, a breakout table including a body member, a driving member rotatable in the body member, means pivotally connecting the body member with the frame at an end thereof nearest the driving member, releasable means connecting the opposite end of the body member with the frame and releasable to shift the body member downwardly on said pivot means and out of drilling position, a drill pipe rotating member rotatable in body member and having drill pipe gripping means for effecting rotation of a drill pipe when gripped thereby, said driving member being in registry with the drive rod when the drilling head is moved out of drilling position, a removable driving connection between the drive rod and the driving member, and a driving connection between the driving member and the drill pipe rotating member, said frame having engaging means above said drilling position of the body member and adapted to be engaged by said releasable means when the body member is swung upwardly on said pivot means to provide road clearance.

4. In combination with a drilling rig having a portable frame, a drill head movable on the frame to and from drilling position and having a drive rod and means for rotating the drive rod, a breakout table including a body member, means for movably supporting the body member for movement to and from a position below the drill head, a drill pipe rotating member rotatable in body member and having drill pipe gripping means for eifecting rotation of a drill pipe when gripped thereby, a driving member rotatable in the body member in registry with the drive rod when the drilling head is moved out of drilling position, a removable driving connection between the drive rod and the driving member, and a driving connection between the driving member and the drill pipe rotating member.

5. In combination with a drilling rig having a portable frame, a drill head movable on the frame to and from drilling position and having a drive rod and means for rotating the drive rod, a breakout table, means for supporting the breakout table from the frame, a drill pipe rotating member rotatably carried by the breakout table and having drill pipe gripping means {or eflecting rtation of a drill pipe when gripped thereby, a driving member rotatably carried by the breakout table in registry with the drive rod when the drilling head is moved out of drilling position, said drive rod having a removable driving connection with driving member, and a driving connection between the driving member and the drill pipe rotating member.

8. In combination with a drilling rig having a portable frame, a drill head movable on the frame to and from drilling positions and having a drive rod and means for rotating the drive rod, a breakout table including a body member supported by said frame, a drill pipe rotating member rotatable in body member, a driving member rotatable in the body member in registry with the drive rod when the drilling head is moved out of drilling position, said drive rod having a removable driving connection between the drive rod and the driving member, a driving connection between the driving member and the drill pipe rotating member, and slips carried by the drill pipe rotating member and adapted for automatic engagement with a drill pipe upon rotation of the drill pipe rotating member.

7. In combination with a drilling rig having a portable frame, a drill head movable on the frame to and from drillin position and having a. drive rod and means for rotating the drive rod, a breakout table including a body member, means 8 ier'suppcrting the body member below the drill head, a drill pipe rotating member rotatable in body member and having drill pipe gripping means for efiecting rotation 01 a drill pipe when gripped thereby, a ratchet connection between the drill pipe rotating member and the body member to eiIect unthreading of the drive rod from the drill pipe when the drive rod is rotated in one direction, a driving member rotatable in the body member in registry with the drive rod when the drilling head is moved out of drilling position, a removable driving connection between the drive rod and the driving member, and a driving connection between the driving member and the drill pipe rotating member.

. GEORGE E. FAILING.

References Cited in the tile of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 663,421 Daniels Dec. 11, 1900 867,132 Heiman Sept. 24,

1,320,137 Gunn Oct. 28, 1919 1,511,850 Thrift Oct. 14, 1924 1,808,268 Stewart June ,2, 1931 1,985,367 Fortune Dec. 25, 1934 2,000,221 Dawson May 7, 1935 2,309,999 Vanderzee Feb. 2, 1943 2,317,306 Smith Apr. 20, 1943 2,451,223 Johansen Oct. 12, 1948 2,465,695 Osborne Mar. 29, 1949

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