US2568284A - Bevel cutting device - Google Patents

Description

Sept. 18, 1951 J. K. M. HARRISON Filed June 24, 1947 Patentec Sept. 18, 1951 UNITED STATES PAT OFFICE 3 Claims.

This invention relates to the manufacture of nonmetallic containers and is particularly con cerned With the cutting of a section of sheet material in such manner that the line of cut is at an acute angle to the surface of said section of material and with the installation of said section of material as an end closure for a nonmetallic container.

Cutting dies, as known in the art, are normally arranged to make a out at right angles to the sur face of the sheet material. It is known to completely sever a small section from a sheet and remove it with a cutting die or eject it as the die is withdrawn to retain the eut-out section in place. Methods are also known for partially severing a section for later removal from the sheet.

In an application copending herewith I have described a novel form of paper or other nonmetallic container of cylindrical form having end closuie dises provided with a partially several plug in which the lines between the disc as a whole and the out-out section or plug are beveled to taper outwardly toward one of the faces or the closure disc. Such a closure member, interiorly lined with parchment or the like, forms a liquid-tight seal for the container and because of the beveled edge, the eut-out section has substantially the same resistance to displacement under impact of the contents during shipping as does a solid uncut disc. Such end closures can not be prepared by cutting dies of the conventional type and I have now devised a novel method and apparatus for preparing and installing end closure dises of this type.

According to the present invention, the cutting gdie has a plurality *of knifeedges arranged to form the desired configuration for the eut-out section. These several knife edges are resiliently mounted for flexing at right angles to the edge of the knife. Each knife edge is so formed that upon entering the work to be eut, it will deflect along a plane lying at an angle to the direction of movement of the die. Its purpose is accomplished by beveling the knife edge at a greater angle on one side than on the other. In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the knife edge is beveled on only one side. By this means the knife edge is caused to move along a plane which bisects the surfaces of the knife.

For most purposes, good results are obtained by using a die of generally circular form in which the knife edges are all beveled to move out- .wardly as the die enters the work, Thispro- -duces a closure dise having a central circular -connected at their upper ends.

portion and an annular portion thereabout with the surface of demarkation between the two portions being in the form of a portion of a cone. When such a closure member is lined With parchment and employed to close a cylindrical container with the Widest portion of the out-out section toward the interior of the container; a rigid structure capable of withstanding the rigors of shipping is obtained. In spite of its high strength, the container is readily opened by thrusting a pointed instrument between the two ends of the closure and prying out the central portion.

As an added strength-imparting feature, the closure member may be covered With a separable cover dise which is readily removable and which may be installed in a novel manner to prevent premature displacement of the plug without, however, interfering with the convenient remova'l thereof when desired.

Other obj ects and advantages of this invention Wiil be apparent upon consideration of the following detailed description of a preferred embodiment thereof in conjunction with the annexed drawings wherein:

Figure 1 is a view in vertical section of the preferred cutting die;

Figure 2 is a bottom plan view of the same;

Figure 3 is an enlarged detail view of a single blade showing the manner in which it enters a piece of sheet material illustrated in section; and

Figure 4 is a view in section of an end closure dise out in accordance with the teachings of the 'present invention and installed in a paper or other nonmetallic container in accordance with the present method.

In the illustrated cutter a series of blades 4 is arranged to out a circular portion or plug from sheet material. Each blade is beveled on its inner surface only, and is mounted yieldingly by making it integral With a relatively thin and flexible shank 5. The shanks are rigidly inter- The details of the means for this purpose are not important, but as shown, there is asolid head 6 provided With a stem 1 by which it may be attached to the plunger or beam of a press. Each shank 5 has ahead 8 with an inner fiange ortongue 9 seated in a groove in thehead 6. Theheads 8 of the shanks are fixed in place by a cap l0, with a slightly conical inner surface, which is fixed to thehead 6 by screws Il.

As shown in Figure 3, each blade tends to move through the closure material l2 in the direction of the line I3I3 bisecting the angle between the inner and outer surfaces of the 3 blade and movement in this direction is permitted by elastic bending of the shank on which the blade is supported. When' the cutter is raised again the shanks and blades spring baek to their original position.

As the blades move laterally they separate slightly so that narrow uncut portions are left in the material. This causes the eut section to remain in the plane of the material when the cutter is.withdrawn, so that no ejector is necessary to clear the cutter.

Although the invention is shown here in the modification whieh produces a fruste conical eut-out portion or plug of generally eirculai outline, it will be readily seen that the invention is not limited thereto. Thus the apparatus and process here disclosed is readily adapted to making eut-out sections of sueh outlines as triangles, ellipses, squares, etc. When the eutout portion has the outline of a polygon it is found advantageous in some instances to bevel some of the knives to fiex inwardly and others to flex outwardly. For example, a eut-out portion of square outline ean be prepared in which two opposite sides are eut with knives beveled to move inwardly and the other two sides are eut with knives beveled to move outwardly. In this manner I produce a eut-out section having high resistance to accidental displaeement in either direction. In most instances the contents of the container will exert sufiicient resistance to inward displacement of the eut-out portion and for that reason I prefer to bevel all the knives for motion in the sarne direction, as more partieularly shown in the drawings.

Now referring to Figure 4 of the drawings, the dise Hi there shown is provided with a eutout plug l5 produced in the manner described above. The dise [4 has attaehed thereto at an annular zone [5, a dise I! of parchment, cellophane, or other like material. The dise Il is of a greater diameter than the disc [4 and the skirts or marginal portions of the dise I1 are bent upwardly about the edge of the dise l4 and lie between that edge and the inner wall of the eylindrical body portion I8 of the container. The end of thecontainer 18 is spun over at (9 and acover disc 20 provided with an air vent at 2 l is inserted over the dise M and in peripheral engagement with the spun over portion l9.

At the bottom of the container adisc 22 is provided similar todisc 14 except that it does not have a eut-out portion, and above this dise isdisc 23 corresponding in structure and funetion to the dise Il. Underlying thedise 22 is acover disc 24 somewhat similar tedisc 20 except that it is not perforated.

It is apparent that in the manufacture and filling of the container described in connection with Figure 4, it is necessary first t manufacture the body portion and to insert the bottom end closure comprised ofdises 22, 23 and 24. This phase of the construction forms ne part of the present invention and may be accomplished by conventional means which need not be described hrein.

When a sub-assembly has been made comprised of the body portion I8 and the lower end dises '22, 23 and 2 1, it is then necessary to fill the container and to apply the end closure comprised of the dises I4, 11 and 20. This procedure is accomplished by first coating an annlar zone near the upper end of the body portion with an adhesive. Thereafter a sub-assembly comprised of dise I i, having a plug out therein in the manner described above, and dise l1 is inserted in the open end of the container to be bonded thereto by the adhesive provided in the annular zone on the inside of the upper end of the container body I8. After the sub-assembly comprised of dises M and 11 is in position, the spun down portions l9 are formed and thecover dise 20 is pressed into position.

In view of the fact that the conical plug l5 is arranged with its end of minimum diameter facing toward thedisc 20, the insertion of the dise if permitted to compress air between itself and the dise M might effect sufleient displ cement of the plug to cause it to rupture the dise I! and fall into the contents of the container. fIhis possibility is entii ely avoided by provision of theair vent 21 in thedisc 20, this air vent functioning to relieve air pressure between thedises 20 and M during the application of thedisc 20 to the assembly.

While this invention has been described with reference to but one cutting tool and one process for preparing and installing the end dise, it is apparent that numerous variations in the disclosed structures and processes lie Within the scope of this invention. It is, of course, possible to provide end closures with plugs at both ends of the container and it is possible to apply the preeut closure dise to various types of containers of eylindrical or polygonal cross section.

What is elaimed is:

1. A cutter for cutting from a blank 9. section having beveled edges that comprises a plurality of blades, each blade having a long shank portion and a lower portion substantially triangular in profile having one side thereof beveled to form a cutting edge and having the other side thereof parallel to the long axis of said shank, the base of said triangle being wider than said shank portion, each shank being resiliently deformable across the plane of the cutting edgebut being rigid against deformation within said plane, and means holding said blades in eontiguous relationship from the ends of the respective shanks remote from the cutting edges whereby when the blades are urged through a blank by the holding means each blade tends to move through the blank in a direction inclined to the blank surface.

2. A cutter for cutting a plug from a blank that comprises a plurality of blades each blade having a long shank portion and a lower portion substantially triangular in profile having one side thereof beveled to form a cutting edge and having the other side thereof parallel to the long axis of said shank, the base of said triangle being wider than said shank portion, each shank being resiliently deformable across the plane of the cutting edge but being rigid against deformation within said plane, and means holding said blades in eontiguous relationship from the ends of the respective shanks remote from the cutting edges with said edges defining a closed figure and with the beveled side of all of the edges faeing inwardly.

3. A cutter for cutting a plug from a blank that comprises a plurality of blades, each blade having a long shank portion of arcuate cross section and a lower portion also of arcuate cross section and substantially triangular in profile having one side thereof beveled to form a cutting edge and having the other side thereof parallel to the long axis of said shank, the base of said triangle being wider than said shank portion. each shank being deformable across the curved 5 plane of the cutcing edge but beng rigd against deformation in said plane, means holding all of said blades from the ends of the respective shanks remote from the cutting edges with said edges defining a closed circle.

JOHN KEARSLEY M. HARRISON.

REFERENCES CITE!) The following referenees are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 35,874Graves J01 15, 1862 216,044 LittlefieId June 3, 1879 571,999 Friedheim Nov. 24, 1896 Number Number 1 5 547,624

Name Date Ferry Feb. 9, 1909 Pope Feb. 15, 1916 Hadaway Oct. 3, 1922 Frost Dec. 29, 1931 Harrison Feb. 1, 1938 Moore June 14, 1938 Lyness -1 .1 July 11, 1939 Dugaw Aug. 8, 1939 Exley .1.. Oct. 31, 1939 Oestricher Aug. 12, 1947 FOREIGN PATENTS Country Date Great Britain Sept. 3, 1942

Images