US2531267A - Hypodermic syringe operating device - Google Patents

Description

F. HARNlscH Nov. 2l, 1950 v HYPODERMIC SYRINGEOPERATING DEVICE 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed 001,. 16. 1947 Nov. 21, 1950 F. HARNlscH .2,531,257

HYPODEEMIC sYRINGE OPERATING DEVICE Filed 00%,. 16, 1947 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR.

BY @M7/fj MX/ www,

Nov. 21, 1950 F. HARNlscH y HYPODERMIC SYRINGEOPERATING IDEVICE 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed Oct. 16, 1947 INVENTOR.

Patented Nov. 21, 1950 HYPODERMICS'YRINGE OPERATING 6 Claims.

1fir 1;, My present invention einbodies a novel type or construction Aof mechanical #operating P device Yor unitfdesigned to befu'sed'infconn'ection With,'\and forbperatingf; an ordinary `:hypodei-'m'icsyringefor facilitating` the proper Luse fofi-:thev 'syringeairrfad ministering medicamentetof atpatientfL intra`- Venously, .i i, c, y

@In carrying out my invention I contemplate the employment r4of ane'operating fdevice off the l.if-:lass referred to Whichfthe' hypoderinicsyringe may be readily inserted '-"vvhen'fiilled;l and=fremoved "(oi. malais) loe-inserted in the Vflesh of Jthe .patient Ihasf-,been

performed." 4rFigure 3 is a view similar to Figures 1 and 2 illustrating the device. vofv myrfinvention andthe syringe. containedftherenL-as when Vthe injection when* empty; the -s"aid-" operating' device having provisionssuch'that the physicianori-personV usingv thesarnermay' manipulate?-'certainffparts-whereby to cause instantaneous operation*offmydevimeeor4 inserting 'the -IhypodermicneedleTinto' there'sh'; other parts fortheri -eie'ctingea gradualfejection of the medicamentffror'nthe syringeeso-asfto pass through -the -needlefor administeringJ of the medicament; and u'pon'the completionof the ad ministering of themedicamentflc'ause the prvis'ions of my device-'to act substantially 4instan-tly to Withdravvtieneedl'e froni"-=the flesh' ofthe patient treated. u d." n .Vf-AV c .15 l. nefs.. l-,I 'ni.'

Thepurpose of my invention is to eliminate the difficulty which is' at present' incident:` to'theex'ne ployment of the ordnarysyringeas-manuallyoperated by the p'iysician.r Usually the-needle"' of thel syringeis `jabb'e'd*intol t-h'e lpatient initially, pressure is applied toi'the piston of I'the' syringeto eject the medicament; andV IIthen the Syringe -is manually pulled'outoi the flesh ofl thevlpatien't; In my inventionthe yoferations of causing--the inltial penetration ofl the needle" into-the flesh of thepatientand tae iinal` Withdrawal of itlie needle are mechanically' perforrfzecl'A andL veiected---ir`1L stantly; this being conduciveto' a more easy 0peration fonthe patient to endure ein'the -usebf hypodermic "syringes in the manner"statedr The novel features ofA my invention reside in the special"V provisions of my construction fof-0perating device 'by which am'enableditoeperform the operations above referred toin respect tothe hypodermic' syringe ailchmaybe-'mountedilin my Y ,fr 1M V1 y; g

' Anunderstanding of my invention will be had unen referencefto the `followingdetail descrip# tion, and to the accompanying*drawingsilandin the' said"drawii'lgs:`

' Figurel "is'av ew of a hypodermic syringe nzo'unted in a;l device according to my invention by 'the opening Aof a'fdooron'thefrontfo the casing-of the device; the ldoor-'being shoWriiin-'openposition and th-e parts ofthe*syringefas-whentheyare ready `for administerin f operation has been completed;andztheiprovisions for, instantly.'V withdrawingv theaneedle fromfthe flesh of: the patient--operateditofeiect such re- Sun). I f f: QL r:A mfl; r. :z n* nl ,la In all of Figures 1, 2, and 3, the door of the main casing is shown openftoiillustratethedise position'of the interior parts. ,e i.

Figure 41 isla cross sectional view taken about on theelinefd-fmof Figureil, the door.tothe main casing ofi-.myldevicebeingshownopen.-

` ment of the lever partsfor operating the'slide, in

dottedlnes, since such partswould ordinarily not beshtmninthevievv.V fV A. .f Y

l Figure 6 is a View somewhat similar to Figure 5 butshowinglthe operatinglever-for-the ejector slide as when movedf-to-carry the slide toward its na-l ejecting position for -the plunger of the "Figure 7 is a secti'fnal View taken largely through the casing,y the syringe carrier, and the Y snecial'sp-ring unitparts of my device' illustrating the internal arrangement ordisposition of--the operating features-whenthe device hasthe parts g. \.nerall\'/` disposed aiin Figure 1I,-atwhich time theespring unit andthe `syringe carriery are cocked andV ready yto -be released for Vinstant*operation to insertthe hypoderm-ic-needle intothe Ailesh.- f

Figure 8 is avvieiv similar to Figurer? Ibut showing the :Internal partsasv-When theyy have been operate?l "to cause the insertion ofthe needleinto the iiesh initially before the injecton, in which positions theyfare shown alsoin Figure 2: g

L Figure 9` is a View similar to Figures-7ant 8 butillustrating theinternal partsof thecasing as above'mentioned-When the positions, of the parts areas seen in-Figu're Bythat is; after the syringe has been einptied'ofl its medicament and the-hy: podermic-needle has been substantially instantly Withdrawn vfrom V'-tle flesh -at the encl'of` the in Figure is an enlarged view bringing out more clearly the pushing spring means which is employed intermediate the syringe carrier and the spring unit that contains the pushing spring and the pulling spring of the operating mechanism.

Figure 1l is a side view of my device looking from the right as seen in Figure 1, with the parts thereof adjusted substantially as they are Shown in Figure 1, with the door of the casing open.

Figure 12 is a detail fragmentary View of the lower end portion of the syringe carrier which supports the dog for interlocking said carrier with the spring unit containing the pushing and pulling spring previously mentioned.

Figures 13 and 14 are horizonta"- sectional views taken through my device about on a line of the location of the spring catch which holds the barrel or cylinder of the syringe in the casing, Figure 13 showing said spring catch as when engaged with the cylinder of the syringe and Figure 14 showing said catch as when disengaged and held disengaged temporarily for the purpose of removal of the syringe and introducing a fresh syringe or a relled syringe.

Figure 15 is a rear broken view of the ejector slide and the syringe carrier alone, showing more clearly the cam carried by the ejector slide.

Figure 16 is a View in side elevation of the tubular spring unit which houses the pushing and pulling springs cooperative with the said unit and with the syringe carrier.

Figure 17 is a top end View looking down into the casing and illustrating only the spring unit therein to disclose its arrangement more fully.

Referring to the drawings, it is noted that my operating unit comprises a casng I which is largely of U-shaped formation in cross section as seen in Figure 4, the back of the casing being closed as at 2 and the front portion of the casing, which is generally open, being formed with inturnedflanges 3 and 4, theflange 3 carrying apivoted door 5 having limited vertical sliding movement on apintle rod 5, the free end of said door engageable when closed and held closed with a catch 'I on theflange 4. Thedoor 5 will be open to enable the placing of the hypodermic syringe in lled condition in the casing and the removal of said syringe when emptied. At the back of the casing I near its lower end is mounted anadjustable guard member 8 having alateral arm 9 inclining forwardly therefrom. This guard member is attached to theback 2 of the casing by a headed screw Ii), the stem of which passes through a slot I I formed vertically of theguard member 8, thereby to enable vertical adjustability of the guard member on the casing I to bring thearm 9 diierent distances toward or from the lower end of the casing. The object in providing thearm 9 is to have a means to engage the eshy portion of the patient to whom the contents of the syringe is to be administered, thereby to control the depth of penetration of the hypodermic needle which is adapted to move through a slot 9a. in thearm 9 in the injection operation later to be described.

In the casing I are mounted three important members of my operating unit. First, there is provided the syringe carrier I2 which has a fabricated metal body of generally rectangular form and hollow structure, the formation being such as to provide a syringe receiving seat I3 on the front or outer portion of the carrier, which seat is rounded to conform with the circular cross.

section of the hypodermic syringe of the usual type employed today. For holding the syringe",

the cylinder of which is designatedI 4, in the seat I3 of the carrier I2, I empoy a latch member I5 pivoted on the carrier at I6 at its inner end and of curved formation so as to partially engage around toward the front of the syringe cylinder I4 for holding the said syringe from displacement from the carrier. This member I5 is seen in Figure 13 in its holding position and in Figure 14 in its disengaged position in respect to the cylinder I4. Disengagement of the latch I5 may be maintained by shifting it pivotally in a direction away from the cylinder I4 in a slot I'I formed in a side of the seat I3, and by shifting the outer end of the latch vertically in a vertical slot I8 in the carrier I2 the latch member is locked in released position enabling the barrel or cylinder I4 of the hypodermic syringe and connected parts to be removed from the carrier I2 as when it is empty and it is necessary to replace it with a syringe in lled condition. The syringe carrier I2 will be understood to be vertically slidable in the casing and certain vertical sliding movement of said carrier is adapted to be compelled by reason of the provision of a rack I9 at one side of the back or inner portion of the carrier, which rack is engageable by an interruptedtooth pinion 20 which is mounted in the space between the back ofthe carrier and theback 2 of the casing'I, see Figure 4. Thepinon 20 is a floating pinion,so to speak, being equipped with a pin 2I for rotating the same while certain of itsteeth 22 engage the rack. I9, and other of itsteeth 23 engage teeth of arack 24 on a syringe plunger actuatingslide 25 which is mounted to move sldably in the space'between the back of the spring carrier and the saidpinion 20, as well as in the space in back of the spring carrier andback 2 of the casing I, see Figures 4 and 5. The plunger actuatingside 25 is equipped at its upper end with a laterally extending arm or at projection 2S in whch is mounted anadjustable screw 21 adapted to be alined with the upper end or head of theplunger 28 of the syringe barrel I4 previously mentioned, said inner end of thescrew 21 carrying arubber cushion 29 forming a contact piece between it and the upper end of thesyringe plunger 28.

As seen in Figures 4 and 5. mounted between theback 2 of the casing I and the pinion 2B is a pressure lever 3G which is pivotally connected at its upper end by a removable screw or like pivot member 3l to the upper end portion of the casing I at theback 2 of the latter. Thepressure lever 30 may be said to be a swinging lever, swinging about f thepivot 3| and shiftable sidewise in the casing I at the back thereof, the lever having a generally extendingvertical slot 32 which receives thepin 2| on the pinion 2U, so that by swinging thelever 30 in one direction as by pressure on itslateral pressure arm 30a, thepinion 20 will be turned in one direction whilst opposite turning of the pinion will involve an opposite direction movement of thelever 30. The outer pressure arm of thelever 33 is formed with aiinger seat 33 to receive the nger of the hand which grasps the casing I in the operation of injection administration, using my invention.

As readily to be seen from the foregoing, the pressure inwardly toward the casing of the pressure arm 36a oflever 30, see Figure 5, will rock the. lever 3U, turn thepinion 20 in one direction, clockwise as illustrated in said figure, and compel a downward sliding movement of the plunger actuating slide 25v for causing a plunger engaged thereby to move slidably in the cylinder of therier andtheunit 36 from the casing.

. .upos-e riid rily; the sp y ufitf housing v now describe urt'fier'coiitains sidr'ino. ineens Ceiiwtiiis it eiidfihetyr '.ctrii f i subs.iiuii.iialiyv ifiS-taiiieriefiiisiy W drawing! the.. needle. from the fleshfiflih. p 1ere? Sii hes been QDr'iQ-d 519W rile-Ve theY Slide i-V doiif the ejection fluid from. the iisiiai action f thereqi as will later'be point o *t 3Q comprises a body portion mou ed in the, syringe Crrirbeiwen the irotf'rw il f O side of the 'latter andrtlp'baok of theoarrierl l ,I 1 *lar pouolm ijrij which isfreeived the. needle. inserting` sprinl 3,81Y one end of which's'pnng isttadedfto th'mir' closed end of theftubl'ilar.portion 31 aforesaid whilst the other end of thespring V 38 is connected to a pin 3S s eured to the lower end ll'offthe casingY l. The'spring` il'mis a tension coil springv which, when expanded by movementof' 4the SSupWardly inthe casing to a position such as shown in Figure 7`, will tend to propelthe unit 3s downwardly with` the syringe carrier when the latter is looked to saidunit 3".` The springr unit .31 includes also a tubular spring receiving portionM in which is'mofunted 'aspringr 42 that encircles an extensible pushing member Ina-de up of van opentop sleeve 43 and aconnectine rod 4 4 passing upwardly through the vclosed bottom on the lower end of said sleeve l43. !.Ihe rod Il@ has a head 45 v`on its upper vend to abut, for moveinent limitine purposes, with the bottom ot the sleeve V4.3. The lower end of therod 45 passes through a partition member AS near ,the bottom 0f the tubular portion` 4l of theunitY 35. The effective .action of the .spring 42 is an erpending7 ation tending rto force anenlarged head 41 at the top of the sleeve 43i n anlupward direction againstaltopolosing portion 4 8 on the hollow side of the syringe carrier in which .thespring unit 36 vis disposed. A smallremovable cross-bolt 49 oonnecting the4back plate 2 with aflange 4 at the lfrontofthe main casing I limits .upward movement of the syrinfre carrier in the casina and prevents .unauthorized displacement of this cares seeniiiihe drewiris, meer. the. lower end,

Eiguresjlf,'2,` aridiv soas to beable' toy engage lie-f heath the' lower end'of thespring unit 37" for ho'ldng'said spring unit in 'an'upraised position as seen in Figure '7, along with thel syringe cari rief' which' atysuch time,isienterengaged with the 5" sl'ring` unitjby means" now to `be described.v At' the; rear 'of thespring unitv 35 as` seen' in Figures 7:."to9finc'lusivejsaidunit has a rearwardly ex,V y tendinglug. Near the'llowerl end of the syringe c i merita, 'stia peint @dissent to where it 'slides t lationto the spring unit 3Q, said; spuringfear-v r'ierf, as seenin'A IEigureY 12, is provided with la piv- Oid d losi jwhihisicariable 0i 'engaging the lus'. 52o` yOn'"the"spring unit' vby means 'of aeatchv 5 3@ adapted. to. underlie. the 111s '5.2.- A' Spring 551 between 'a side, ofthe sprin'ggear'rier andthedog 5,3,"riorinally tends to push the dog' to cause iis' 'Catch 53a 12.0V @ligase the 111g 52.- PiiitsQuiet sidepdrtion'thefdog 5?"has a nose 53h with 'whiel'i4 a, cam 2.5,-f0rmedfon one edge of theslide 25 is adapted to engage so that when the'slide 2,5

r limiter mOi/ ement by Whieii it t t A Y horror the dindin me cylinder I"4f of vthe Syringe, thecam 25a will strike the dog A at thenose 5 3b and roelsaid dog'to disengage 'V it'scath 53a from the lug onthespring unit 36j.

For guidingthe slide `25 verticallyrin itsimove-l meri at the 'rear siiieof the'spitiiis Carrier, I` previd Vsloty 25h centrally and vertically or longi- I tzudnauy ofjthe 'slide 51my which slot is" ref cieirfed a euideiiin l2@l p iioictine'rearwsrdly from thebaclk ofthe'syrin'g (Jarlier 12,' As seen in' fi'gure il, the Syri'n K arrier l2 has longitudinal flanges lh at opposite sides thereof and projecting rearwardly from its' backplate, one ofv the fiange'slEzboarrying the rack'previously men-r tioned. The flanges l2l`rea11y` provide guides between whic'h'ue ejector; slide 2,5 operates slidabl'y relatively to thecarrier I 2. Theforegoing sets forth'the deflqonstruction of my syringe operating unit or devies; and ljwill now describe in regular order the method of using or operating thsrame-..

"lt'vill'loe assumed that the parts of my operatingdevise' a in' the condition of Figures 1 and'L'in which the various parts of the device and theassociated' loaded hvpo'dermie syringe are" rea-dyto' be'us'e'd. vfor "an inieetion; The physiclan or'usfe'r'will close the door which is shown open in Figure l,V plaicethe arm 9ofthe guard 8 in cont'aet with the'flesh of the'patien't and preferably with the physi ns hand grasping the device arouriiihnsme ii thetail of .the Catch will LlJSsed with the thumb. NOW the '.lzonditio'r of theparts inFiUu si and 7, the s unit E Shasbeen ila-is So that the. @ich 5 ses iii@ loyve end @if seid'imii ifi'iioid the 'S e i'eisedlwiih iii@ ,Spring Si, willie@ isii'iriucatch 53, the syringe carrier is caused to move simultaneously with theunit 36, thereby to bodily carry the syringe andneedle 35 thereof to the positions illustrated in Figure 2. Theneedle 35 is here in a position penetrating the flesh of the patient, this penetration being accomplished by the quick down pull movement of thespring 38 acting on theunit 36 and the carrier I2.

The injection uid is now ready to be expelled or ejected from the cylinder I4 of the syringe so the person using my device, by the pressure of the second finger of his hand preferably, will gradually force thepressure lever arm 30a toward the casing I, rocking thelever 35 so as to turn the pinion and cause a gradual movement downwardly of the eiector slide incident to the gradual pressure on thepart 33 of thelever 30. The slow movement of thelever 36 and corresponding movement of theslide 25 propels theplunger 28 into the cylinder I4, and the medicament in the cylinder I4 is injected into the patient through theneedle 35. Figure 2 shows the injecting operation being performed with theneedle 35 inserted in the ilesh of the patient. When theejector slide 25 under the compulsion of the movement of the lever 3D has reached the limit of its ejecting movement incident to the operation of theplunger 28 and the cylinder I4 is practically empty of medicament, thelower end cam 25a on theslide 25 will strike the nose 53h of thedog 53 and rock thecatch 53a of the dog from under thelug 52 of thespring unit 35 permitting thespring 42 of the spring unit to act automatically upon theexpansible connector parts 43 and 44 in a manner to cause theupper head 47 of thesleeve 43 to act upon the adjacent upper end portion of the syringe carrier and push the syringe carrier in an upward direction as seen in Figure 9 and in Figure 3, with a quick movement withdrawing the needle from the flesh of the person, at which time the parts are substantially in the positions of Figures 3 and 9. In other words, thespring 42 is an automatic self contained power device to instantly retract theneedle 35 when the intravenous fluid injection operation has been completed.

The syringe is now empty of medicament, and to condition the operating device for a second or fresh operation as above described, the user will, by his hand, move the cylinder catch l5 laterally away from thesyringe cylinder 4 and then shift the catch into the notch or slot I8 of the syringe carrier. The empty syringe, such as seen in Figure 3, will now be removed, thedoor 5 having previously been opened before manipulation of tho catch I5.

For conditioning tlee device for the next use thereof with the same syringe freshly lled, or a new syringe already iilled, it is necessary for the operator to cause theslide 25 to be moved upwardly in the casing I so itscam 25a is not engaged with thedog 53. Thereupon, the syringe carrier is forced downwardly from its position as seen in Figure 9 until the saiddog 53 engages beneath thelug 52 of thespring unit 33. Then, by manual force, which may be exerted by pulling upwardly on theslide 25, the syringe carrier I2 is raised in the casing I and simultaneously raises thespring unit 36 until thecatch 50 engages beneath the lower end of thespring unit 33 and locks it in its upward adiustment, at the same time locking the syringe carrier I2 in its upward position as seen in Figure 7. The operating device of my invention is now cocked, so to speak, ready to operate another syringe placed therein when thedoor 5 is open and such syringe engaged at its barrel or cylinder I4 by the catch I5. When the fresh syringe is thus placed in position, the parts will be related as they are shown in Figure 1 and Figure 7, ready for the next injection, which will involve the tripping of the catch member 5I) for the instant penetrating action of theneedle 35 in the manner previously described, the pressing of thelever arm 30a, as previously described, causing the ejecting movement of theslide 25 which nally trips thedog 53 for the pulling out action of the needle when the administration of the medicament is completed.

It is notable that the action oftle spring 38 on thespring unit 36 is a downward pulling action, which action works in the same manner on the syringe carrier after the latter is locked to thespring unit 36 and the two upraised to the position of Figure '7. The action of thespring 42 however is an upward pushing action tending in a measure to separate or move the syringe carrier upwards in relation to thesyring unit 36 which remains in its down position during theneedle 35 withdrawing action.

The rubber orcushion member 29 is adjustable by thescrew 21 in order` to allow the uid to surely empty the cylinder I4 of the syringe before thedog 53 is tripped to release the syringe carrier to eiect the instant upward needle withdrawing movement of the latter.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is:

' 1. In an operating device for intravenous injection syringes, in combination, a casing, a syringe carrier movable in the casing, and mechanism coacting with the carrier to cause quick movement of the carrier to rst cause needle inserting action of the syringe mounted thereon, and later effect reverse quick needle withdrawing movement of said syringe, the mechanism including a spring unit comprising a spring for causing syringe needle inserting movement of the carrier, means on the carrier to move the said unit to condition said spring for said inserting movement of the carrier, means to lock the carrier from movement when the spring is so conditioned, and means to release the carrier for said movement, said unit including a second spring between it and the carrier adapted 'to be conditioned by movement of the carrier to cause needle withdrawal movement of the latter, other means to lock the carrier to the unit when the second spring is so conditioned, and a device to unlock the carrier and unit for enabling the spring to eiect such needle withdrawal movement.

2. In an operating device for intravenous 'injection syringes, in combination, a casing, a syringe carrier movable in the casing, and mechanism coacting with the carrier to cause quick movement of the carrier to iirst cause needle inserting action of the syringe mounted thereon, and later effect reverse quick needle withdrawing movement of said syringe, the mechanism including a spring unit comprising a spring for causing syringe needle inserting movement of the carrier, means on the carrier to move the said unit to condition said spring for said inserting movement of the carrier, means to lock the carrier from movement when the spring is so conditioned, and means to release the carrier for said movement, said unit including a second spring between it and the carrier adapted to be conditioned by movement of the carrier to cause needle withdrawal movement of the latter, other means to lock the carrier to the unit when the second spring is so conditioned, and a device to unlock the carrier and unit for enabling the spring to effect such needle withdrawal movement, the rst spring being put under tension when conditioned as stated, and the second spring being compressed when conditioned as stated.

3. In an operating device for intravenous injection syringes, in combination, a casing, a syringe carrier movable in the casing, and mechanism coacting with the carrier to cause quick movement of the carrier to rst cause needle inserting action of the syringev mounted thereon, e

and later effect reverse quick needle withdrawing movement of said syringe, the mechanism including a spring unit comprising a spring for causing syringe needle inserting movement of the carrier, means on the carrier to move the said unit to condition said spring for said inserting movement of the carrier, means to lock the carrier from movement when the spring is so conditioned, and means to release the carrier for said movement, said unit including a second spring between it and the carrier adapted to be conditioned by movement of the carrier to cause needle withdrawal movement of the latter, other means to lock the carrier to the unit when the second spring is so conditioned, and a device to unlock the carrier and unit for enabling the spring to effect such needle withdrawal movement, said part comprising a cam formed thereon to engage and release the lock means between the carrier and spring unit for initiating said needle withdrawal movement.

4. In an operating device for intravenous in- 'jection syringes, in combination, a casing, a

5. In an operating device for intravenous ln-` jection syringes, in combination, a casing, a

syringe carrier in the casing, means on the casing to move the plunger of the syringe for slowly injecting the iiuid contents of said syringe, a power device for imparting quick needle inserting movement of the carrier while supporting a hypodermic syringe, a second power device for imparting quick needle withdrawing movement of the carrier, manually operable means normally locking said rst power device against action, and automatically operable means for locking the second power device against action operable by fluid injecting movement of the carrier to release the second power device for needle withdrawal actuation of the carrier.

6. In an operating device for intravenous inljection syringes, in combination, a casing, a syringe carrier movable in' the casing, and mechanism coacting with the carrier including a rst power device comprising a spring operable by movement of the carrier to condition same to eiTect syringe needle inserting movement of the syringe needle, and a second automatic power device releasable by said carrier, said second power device comprising an automatic acting spring having stored power to suddenly effect needle withdrawal movement, and a lock member operable by the carrier to cause automatic action of the second power device.

FRITZ HARNISCH.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,549,565 Stadler Aug. 11, 1925 2,047,010 Dickinson July 7, 1936 2,101,140 I-Iege Dec. 7, 1937 2,150,738 Dunajer Mar. 14, 1939 2,198,666 Gruskin Apr. 30, 1940 2,472,116 Maynes June 7, 1949 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date '757,501 France Dec. 28, 1933

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