US2483924A - Pump - Google Patents

Description

Qct. 4, 1949.

E. J. MOULINIER PUMP Filed June 10, 1946' 4 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTOR. ig/M E. J. MOULINIER I Oct. 4, 1949.

PUMP

- Filed June 10, 1946 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 IIIIIIII III/III" I lazuli/1, ,1

Oct. 4, 1949. E. J. MOULINIER PUMP 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed June 10, 1946 Oct. 4, 1949. E. J. MOULINIER PUMP 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed June 10, 1946 Patented Oct. 4. 1949 UNITED I STATES PATENT OFFICE H 1313 Edmond Jean Monlinier, Paris, France 8Claiml.

This invention relates to pumps designed for medical or scientific use.

An object of this invention is to provide a pump for injecting fluid into, or drawing fluid from, the body. The fluid may be whole blood, blood plasma, or other fluid which is injected into or drawn from the veins.

Another object of this invention is to provide a pump which is positive in its action and will eflect steady fluid fiow whereby the hypodermic needle will not be obstructed by reflux of the blood.

A further object of this invention is to provide a pump wherein the fluid moving elements thereof do not contact with the fluid so that the fluid will not be contaminated.

A further object of this invention is to provide a. pump of this kind wherein the quantity of the fluid pumped can be very finely and accurately gauged, and the timing of the fluid movement can also be accurately gauged and calculated.

A further object of this invention is to provide a pump of this kind wherein the movement of the fluid can be quickly and easily reversed.

A further object of this invention is to provide a pump wherein the pumping stroke or cycle may be rectilinear, arcuate or helical.

A further object of this invention is to provide a pump acting on an intermediate portion of'an elongated rubber or resilient tube for compressing the tube at at least one point, and then moving the compressed point forwardly without endwise movement of the tube and finally gradually releasing the compressed point of the liquid so that the advanced liquid will commingle with previously advanced liquid which is moved forwardly by advance of a succeeding compressed point of the tube.

With the above and other objects in view, my invention consists in the arrangement, combination and details of construction disclosed in the drawings and specification, and then more particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

Inthe drawings, wherein similar reference characters designate similar parts throughout the respective views, Figure 1 is a perspective view of a pump constructed according to an embodiment of this invention, showing the pump in operative position,

Figure 2 is a fragmentary sectional view taken onthelineI-iofFiQlflGl,

Figure 3 is a sectional view taken on the line 3-3 of Figure 2,

-.Flgure 4 is a detail front elevation of the de vice, partly broken away and in sectio with the cover removed,

Figure 5 is a sectional view taken on the line 55 ofFigu 1,

Figure 6 is a detail front elevation, partly broken away and in section, of a modified form of this invention,

Figure 7 is a sectional view taken on the line of Figure 6,

Figure 8 is a diagrammatic view of the construction shown in Figures 1 to 5 inclusive,

Figure 9 is a diagrammatic view of the construction shown in Figures 6 and 7,

Figure 10 is a diagrammatic view of a further modification of this invention,

Figure 11 is a fragmentary sectional view, similar to Figure 3, with the cover reversed so as to provide a pulsating suction.

Referring to the drawings, and first to the Figures 1 to 5, and 11, the numeral [5 designates generally a motor housing wherein is positioned an electric motor of conventional construction. The housing l5 has extending from the forward side thereof a gear housing l6 wherein is positioned a gear changing mechanism of conventional construction for effecting a change of speed from the driving shaft to the driven shaft. The gear housing is has extending upwardly therefrom a pair of electric terminals l1 whereby the motor may be connected to a suitable source of electric current supply. A switch I8 is also carried by the gear housing l6, and the housing l6 has disposed on the upper side thereof a gear changing member 20. The gear changer 20 may be adjusted relative to the indicia 19 so that the speed of the driven shaft 2| may be varied as may be desired.

The gear housing It has removably mounted on the forward side thereof a pumping housing generally designated as 22. The pumpinghousing 22 includes afront wall 23, arear wall 24, and a bottom wall 25. Thewalls 23, 24, and 25 may be formed integral with each other and a positioningpin 26 carried by the pumpinghousing 22 is adapted to engage in a socket 21 formed in the front wall of the gear housing [6. The pumping housing 2| also includes end walls *28, 29,

which may be formed as an integral unit with the opposite side and bottom walls. f

Achain 30 is disposed in thehousing 22 and engages about a driving sprocket 3| which is fixed to ashaft 32 which is detachably coupled to shaft 2 l. Thefront wall 22 and therear wall 24 of thehousing 22 are formed withtracks 33 on whichrollers 34, carried by thechain 30, are adapted will decompress in the decompressing or to movably engage. Thetracks 83 are formed with substantially parallel upper and lower track portions and arcuate end portions, as more clearly shown in Figure 3. Thechain 38 is preferably a wide chain and certain ones of therollers 34 have associated with the roller pins 35 thereof atube compressing roller 36. The rollers 35 are spaced from each other and therollers 36 engage between the front and rear walls of thehousing 22. An elongated elastic tube 31 is adapted to be extended lengthwise of thehousing 22, engaging between reducedthickness extensions 38, 38, carried by the front and rear walls respectively. The elastic tube 31 is adapted to be disposed in a substantially horizontal position and bears against a resilient orflexible strap 40 which overlies the path of movement of therollers 36. Thestrap 40 is formed at the opposite ends thereof with loops 4| through which strap retaining pins 42 engage. Thestrap 49 is positioned between thepumping rollers 36 and the lower side of the tube 31 as shown in Figure 11.

In order to provide for movement of fluid through the tube 31 as thepumping rollers 36 move along the upper run of the track orguide 33, I have provided a combined housing or closure plate and cam member, generally designated as 43. Theplate 43 is formed with an upwardly offsetconcave portion 44 adjacent one end thereof, and a secondconcave portion 45 adjacent the opposite end thereof. Astraight portion 46 is disposed between the twoconcave portions 44, 45, and is adapted to overlie the straight upper run of theguide 33 so that the tube 31 will be compressed tight together as indicated at 41. The forward end of thestraight portion 46 merges with an upwardly and forwardlyinclined surface 48 which merges with therecess 45 so that there will be a gradual release or decompression of the tube in order to thereby prevent pulsations of the fluid in the delivery ordecompression zone 58.

As the chain moves in a clockwise direction in Figure 3,compressed point 41 will move lengthwise of theplate 43 along the straight portion which constitutes thecompressed zone 49, and when thecompressed point 41 reaches theinclined surface 48 the tube is gradually released so that itdelivery zone 50. At the instant that a foremost roller is entering thedecompression zone 56, a succeedingroller 36 is entering thecompression zone 49.

Thecam plate 43 is formed with opposite extending lengthwiseflanges 5| which overlie the upper edges of the front andrear wall extensions 38, 39, and a. pair ofresilient clips 52 are adapted to engage over theplate 43 and snap inrecesses 53 which are formed in thehousing 22. The speed of movement of thechain 34 and rotation of the sprocket 3| will determine the quantity of fluid which is pumped.

In order that an accurate indication may be obtained as to the quantity of liquid pumped, I have provided a counter sprocket 54 which is mounted on thesprocket shaft 32. The sprocket 54 is mounted in a counter housing 55 positioned on the forward side of thefront wall 23. The sprocket 54 has meshing therewith aunit gear 56 having a pin 56a engageable withgear 51 on one complete turn ofgear 56.Gear 51 meshes with atens gear 58 having a pin 56a engageable with gear 59. Gear 59 meshes with a hundred indicatinggear 69 which has a pin 68a engageable with gear 6|. Gear 6| meshes with gear 62 which include a round modified form there is is the thousand indicator. Theseveral sprockets 66, 58, 66, 62, by spring-pressedpawis 63. Thepawls 83 are of such construction that thewheels 58. 68, 66, 82 may be manually turned in either direction. In this manner the quantity indicating mechanism can be readily rotated to zero indication at the starting operation of the pump. Thepawls 63pin 64 which is carried by an elongated spring 68, having a revertedend 66 engaged about a holdingpin 61. A stationary pin 68 engages the free end of the revertedend portion 86 and constitutes a spring-tensioning pin.

In order that the user of this device may be able to determine the pressure of the delivered fluid. I have provided apressure member 69 which is vertically slidable in theend wall 29. The pressure member 68 is adapted to engage the lower side of the tube 31 forwardly of the chamber 68 and thepressure member 69 is constantly urged upwardly by means of aspring 18. A gauge orindicator 1| is pivotally mounted as at 12 adjacent the gear or sprocket 54'. The mounting 12 is rotatable relative to the housing 55 and acord 13 is wound about the shaft or mounting 12 and has a spring 14 connected thereto which is adapted to normally swing theindicator 1| to the right as viewed in Figure 12.

A link 15 is fixed on thepressure member 69 and the opposite end ofcord 13 is connected to link 15 so that vertical movement of thepressure member 69 will effect rocking of theindicator 1|. Theindicator 1| is swingable on the inner side of a removable plate orwall 16 carried by the housing 55 and which is formed with a window 11. Theindicator 1| may include a pair of indicatingelements 18, 19 so that the user of this device will be able to determine at a glance whether the pressure of the delivered fluid is nor. mal or is above a danger point.

Asecond pressure member 86 is slidably carried by the end wall 28, being constantly urged upwardly by means of a spring 8|. Thepressure member 88 is adapted to engage the tube 31 on the intake side thereof with respect to thehousing 22 and is designed for indicating positive or negative pressure in thesuction zone 83 formed by theconcave recess 44. Agauge wheel 84 is rotatably disposed on the inner side of theface plate 16, having indicia 85 thereon for exposure through awindow 86 formed in theplate 16. Thepressure member 80 has fixed thereto anarm 81 with which is engaged one end of acord 88 wound about therotatable pivot member 89. The other end ofcord 88 is secured to aspring 90 which will effect rotation ofwheel 84 in the opposite or return direction. Thewheel 84 is formed with alug 9| which is engageable with a fixed stop 92 whereby thewheel 84 is limited in its rotation. The pumping structure in thehousing 22 may be manually rotated if desired by coupling a crank 93 with theshaft 32.

Referring now to Figures 6 and 7, there is disclosed a modified form of this invention. In this provided a speed changer generally designated as 94, which is coupled to a pumping member generally designated as 95. Thespeed changer 94 includes a driving shaft 96 adapted to be connected. to the power member, and also includes a driven shaft 91 with which is connected the pumpingmember 95. Thespeed changer 94 includes a plurality of driving gears 98 which are formed with large gear members 99 and reduced diameter gear members I06. The

are held against reverse rotation driven shaft 91 has loosely mounted thereon complementary gears IOI which are similar to gears 98, having large diameter gear members I02 meshing with the reduced diameter gear members I00, and reduced diameter gears I03 meshing with the large diameter gears 99.

The drive shaft 96 is of tubular construction and has endwise adjustable therein a gear selecting key I'04. The key I04 may be engaged with a selected one of the gears 98 so as to provide for rotation of the driven gears I! at a predetermined speed. The driven shaft 91 also is of tubular construction and has endwise adjustable therein a gear coupling key I05 engageable with a selected one of the gears IOI. The gears 98 and IN are in constant mesh with each other but the rate of rotation of the driven gears IN is determined by the endwise positions of the key members I04, I05.

The pumpingmember 95 includes a housing I06 which is formed of front and rear walls I01, I08 respectively. A bottom wall I09 connects the lower portions of the front and rear walls together and a substantially U-shaped detachable closure IIO formed with outturned ends III is adapted to close the space between the front and rear walls of the pumping housing I06. The closure H0 is only made resilient in order to remove and mount the same on the housing, and the closure H0 and housing I06 are so formed as to provide a suction zone I22, a compressed zone H6, and a decompressed or delivery zone H5. The driven shaft 91 has mounted thereon a wheel IIZ which is rotatable between the front and rear walls of the pumping housing and the wheel II2 has rotatable thereon a plurality of circumferentially spaced apart rollers II3 carried by roller shafts H4. The tube H5 is compressed by one roller II3 as indicated at IIB, which compresses the tube at one point between the roller H3, and a flexible or resilient pressure strap III which engages loosely about the wheel H2 and the roller II3, and is tied at the opposite ends thereof on pins H8. The wheel II2 may be rotated in either direction, depending on the rotation of the driving shaft 96, so that the fluid in the tube II6 may be moved in the desired direction.

As shown in Figure 10, the tube H9 may be spirally disposed in a spiral housing I20 which has rotatable therein one or more pumping rollers I2I.

Referring now to the diagrammatical showing in Figure 8, the tube 31 is disposed between the pumpingrollers 36 and thecam plate 43. Therecess 44 constitutes the suction zone and thestraight portion 46 constitutes the compressing zone, whereas the recess forms the discharge or decompressing zone.

In Figure 9 the diagrammatical showing represents the pump shown in Figures 6 and '7. The numeral I22 constitutes the intake or suction zone and the numeral II5 constitutes the compressing zone, whereas the numeral I23 constitutes the discharge or decompressing zone where the fluid in the tube H9 is forced lengthwise of the tube and the fluid in the pumping zone H5 mixes with the fluid forwardly of the pumping zone.

In the diagrammatical showing of Figure 10, the numeral I24 indicates the suction zone and the numeral I25 indicates the pumping zone, whereas the numeral I26 indicates the discharge zone.

With a pump as hereinbefore-described, any desired fluid may be pumped, the fluid being either liquid or gas. This device has been designed particularly as a means for intravenous injection of desired fluid and may also be used to withdraw fluid from a person. The pump may also be used in scientific laboratories for various purposes where it is desired to accurately measure the quantity of the fluid pumped and where the fluid can be pumped under any desired pressure. This device provides a continuous or steady, rather than a pulsating movement of the pumped fluid and by providing a reversible cover for the pump, the pulsating suction can be connected either to afluid receptacle 94, or may be connected to thehypodermic needle 95, as shown in Figure 1. It will of course, be understood that with the reversible cover there may be obtained a pulsating suction from the receptacle and a steady delivery to the needle, or if the cover is reversed without reversing the movement of the rollers, there may be obtained a steady suction and a pulsating delivery. Where the cover is reversed and the movement of the rollers is also reversed, there will be a pulsating suction from the needle and a steady delivery to the receptacle.

I do not mean to confine myself to the exact details of construction herein disclosed but claim all variations falling within the purview of the appended claims.

What I desire to claim is:

1. A pump for moving fluid in a flexible duet comprising a housing, means mounting an intermediate portion of said du-ct in said housing, a plurality of pressure rollers movably mounted in said housing, said rollers and housing being so constructed and arranged as to provide an initial duct compressing zone, a duct compressed zone, a duct decompressing zone whereby to provide a steady fluid movement through said duct, and gauge means carried by said housing engaging said duct forwardly of said decompressing zone for indicating the fluid delivery pressure.

2. A pump for moving fluid in a flexible duct comprising a housing, means mounting an intermediate portion of said du-ct in said housing, a plurality of pressure rollers movably mounted in said housing, said rollers and housing being so constructed and arranged as to provide an initial duct compressing zone, a duct compressed zone, a duct decompressing zone whereby to provide a steady fluid movement through said duct, a pressure gauge carried by said housing engaging said duct rearwardly of said compressing zone for indicating fluid pressure rearwardly of said latter zone.

3. A pump for moving fluid in a flexible duct comprising a housing, means mounting an intermediate portion of said duct in said housing, a plurality of pressure rollers movably mounted in said housing, said rollers and housing being so constructed and arranged as to provide an initial duct compressing zone, a duct compressed zone, a duct decompressing zone whereby to provide a steady fluid movement through said duct, a removable duct contacting cover on said housing so formed and correlated with the movement of said rollers as to provide said compressing zone, said compressed zone and said decompressing zone.

4. A pump for moving fluid in a flexible duct comprising a housing, means mounting an intermediate portion of said duct in said housing, a plurality of pressure rollers movably mounted in said housing, said rollers and housing being so constructed and arranged as to provide an initial duct compressing zone, a duct compressed zone, a duct decompressing zone whereby to provide a steady fluid movement through said duct, said housing including removable duct contacting cover so formed and correlated with the movement of said rollers as to provide a pulsating suction movement of the fluid in one zone and a steady delivery movement of the fluid in another zone, said cover being reversible whereby to provide steady fluid movement in said one zone and pulsating fluid movement in said other zone.

5. A pump for moving fluid in a flexible duct comprising a housing, means mounting an intermediate portion of said duct in said housing, a plurality of pressure rollers movably mounted in said housing engaging said duct at spaced intervals along the length thereof, said duct mounting means formed with upwardly offset concave portions adjacent the ends thereof to provide a pulsating suction movement of the fluid in one zone thereof.

6. A pump for moving fluid in a flexible duct comprising a housing, means mountin an intermediate portion of said duct in said housing, a plurality of pressure rollers movably mounted in said housing engaging said duct at spaced intervals along the length thereof, said duct mounting means formed with upwardly offset concave portions adjacent the ends thereof to provide a steady delivery movement of the fluid in one zone thereof.

'7. A- pump for moving fluid in a flexible duct comprising a housing, means mounting an intermediate portion of said duct in said housing, a plurality of pressure rollers movably mounted in 8 said housingengaging said duct at spaced intervals along the length thereof, said duct mounting means formed with upwardly oflset concave portions adjacent the ends thereof spaced apart iongitudinally from each other and said ends to provide upon contact of the rollers with said duct, a plusating suction movement of the fluid in one zone thereof and a steady delivery movement or the fluid in another zone.

-8. A pump comprising in combination a housing, a flexible duct in. said housing, a duct seat carried by said housing whereby an intermediate portion of said duct may engage on said seat, a flexible strap engageable with said intermediate portion of said duct, a closure for said housing formed with an intermediate straight horizontal inner side engageable with said duct opposite from said strap, said closure also formed with onset curved portions at the ends of said straight inner side, spaced duct contracting rollers in said housing engageable with said strap, and means for moving said rollers.

EDMOND JEAN MOULINIER.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 249,285 Allen Nov. 8, 1881 314,851 Kelly Mar. 31, 1885 829,723 Metz Aug. 28, 1906 1,765,360 Baumann June 24, 1930 2,035,159 Henry Mar. 24, 1936 2,231,579 Huber Feb. 11, 1941 2,334,148 Jones Nov. 9, 1943

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