US2471623A - Apparatus for handling fluids - Google Patents

Description

y 1949- A. o. HUBBELL 2,471,623

APPARATUS FOR HANDLING FLUIDS Filed Dec. 19, 1944 Patented May 31, 1949 APPARATUS FOR HANDLING FLUIDS Adrian'O. Hubbell, LungzBeach; Galif.

Application Decemlier 19, 1944',1S'erial'No. 568,873"

9iGlaims. 1+

This invention has to dowith' apparatus for handling fluids and -it is agenerar object of the present invention to provide a simple; effective and: improved apparatus or' device usefuP for handling 1 intravenous solutions, or thelike.

The deviceprovided by my present invention can b'e' used to' advantage in'numerous'situations where it isdesiredto handle or ad-ininister fluid in knownquantities=-' under" control of anoper ator' and without danger otpollution or contamination. For example, theinvention can" be used 5 to advantage'imhandling intravenous solutions where it is -vit'lallj important that-"the solution be-kept' absolutely sterile andat thesame tiinebeadministered in' given or known quantities underfull controlf the" operator:- It is tobe understood, however; that suchspecific reference. is mademerely" for sake of example, and that the-hroaderprineiples ofmy invention arenot to be considered-as limited thereby-x It is a: general objectofthe present' invention to provide apparatus for" handling-fluids; for" instance intravenous solutions; t0"18CBiVe-f them from-a reservoir and" de-liverthem" to a patientv without the use of a syringeor'iikedevice'or-unit ofequipment; such' asintroduce" uncertainties or. hazards that'should'be'avoided:

It is another objectofmy'presenvinvention' to provide apparatus of" the" general" character: referred" to operable to deliver predetermined quantities of'fluid atinterva'lsund'er full control of" the operator; With" the apparatus. that I have provided'a'" given known quantity offfliiitl may be deliveredieach timethedeviceis-oper: ated, and the operator has. full. control? of; the; quantity. and speed at. which the fluid. is dc. livered, bothas to. the speedloffdelivery in..ther course of'deliveringa agiven. quantity; 3116118454701 the rapidity with whichhquantitieseare, deliveredtz Another. objector thetpresent; invention: is .-.t0z provide apparatustof. the general character re;-- ferred to whichis entirely sea-led;. eliminating; completely. allrdanger of..contamination .-.or:- po1lution from an. outside source: the: coursew of: deli-very, of fluid from a reservoir to. a-.-patient: or': points of use. Because of ithiswfeature of; the; presentsapparatus it isshi ghly advantageous: for; use-in handling; intravenoustsoiution-ssorsin:zlabs Y solutions" which carrbe used without danger of the 'needle-on-apphcator becoming clogged.- With ordinary apparatus it sometimes happens that there is a reverse' fl'owthat results in "blood." en" tering the-needle to clog; it: However, with'the apparatusthat'I have provided, reverse'flow is avoided so that the needle will. not become clogged.

It is another object of my present invention to= provide apparatus of the general character referred to which can be completely and thor oughly steriliz'ed'i- The present. invention provides a combinationand arrangement" of parts that are-inno'wayinjured by ordinary methods of sterilization; andthe-construction issuch that the-apparatus can be'sterilized asa unit or with the variou-s-parts assembled.

Another object'of' the-"present invention isito provide apparatus of'thecharacter referred to which-is fleXibIe -in-use and which is such'that the operating part to be engaged byrthe operator can be located at any desired remote point; as for instance, at 'a point far enough removedfrom the patient that the anesthetist does not inter! fere -with'"theoperation' tobe performed.

30. A further object ofimy-present invention' is tmprovida apparatus of the character "referred" to which" handles a fl'uid orsolution without loss' or=-with-=a minimum of Waste.

It is a further 'objectof this'invention to pro- L vide apparatusof the'general character referred to' which" is-=completly operable: by one hand." With my inventiorrthe apparatus is fully oper able-through-'-inanipulation ofabulb and a control; both of whichcan-be conveniently handled andfbperated in one hand.

Another object ofthis" invention is to provide apparatus of thegeneral characteri referred'to which is suchthat'it can bemanipulated or op.-

eratedj to effectively agitate fluid" in' a reservoir from-which it is being drawn: There are situatl'ons where it is-"important that the" fiuidbeing.

handled-be agitated-" or-possibly kept agitated in" the course of operation; all of which can be readily" accomplished-"with"the-apparatus of the oratories, or the like, where great, care; must be? present invention without resortingitofstirring or exercised.-

It .-is another. object of; mm presentrinventiom to provide apparatus-1 of the: genena'L' character referred toiuwhichtheafiowtof fluid issunderr like operations lik-ely 'to contaminate the fluid. The- -vari-ousobjects andieatures of "my: invention will be fully understood from the following detailed descriptionof typical preferred"forms full control-...oflthe operator without ;the:=-utiliza:a 5:; andappliations= of my invention; throughout which description reference is made to the accompanying drawings, in which:

Fig. 1 is a complete view of the apparatus provided by my invention showing the bulb and control in the hand of an operator. Fig. 2 is a vertical detailed sectional view of the control, showing it in the normal position. Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. 2 showing the control fully operated or depressed. Fig. 4 is a detailed transverse sectional view taken as indicated by line l4 of Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is a detailed transverse sectional view taken as indicated by line 55 on Fig. 3, and Fig. 6 is a view showing a modified form of construction.

Since I am describing the present invention for handling intraveous solutions I have shown it in combination with a reservoir R carrying a supply of a suitable solution and an injection device or applicator N suitable for application to the body of a patient. In using the term applicator I mean to include any device or implement for handling or applying fluid handled by the apparatus, as for example, a needle such as is shown in the drawings.

My present invention may be considered, broadly, as including the reservoir R and needle N. However, more specifically it includes, generally, a supply conduit S, a bulb B, a delivery conduit D and a control C. In the preferred arrangement each conduit is a single elongate tube such as a rubber tube, and the two conduits are joined to the bulb B, which is preferably a common closed rubber bulb, by means of a fitting II). In practice the fitting may be formed of a suitable material such as glass or the like, and may have a stem by which it is connected to the bulb B and branches both in communication with the stem and adapted to make connection with the conduits S and D. In the form shown in Fig. 6 the two conduits S and D' are joined directly to the bulb B, thus eliminating the fitting H).

In the preferred arrangement of parts the circuit or path of the fluid is simple and direct. In the drawings I have shown a typical arrangement where fluid from the reservoir R enters directly into the receiving end of the conduit S, and the conduit S extends uninterruptedly from the reservoir R to the bulb B where it is connected to the bulb by the fitting I0. The delivery conduit D receives fluid from the bulb B through the fitting l0 and extends continuously or uninterruptedly from that point to the needle N where the fluid is to be delivered. It is to be observed that the parts just described form a continuous fluid passage with no interruptions or outside openings to admit matter of any kind from the outside or to allow for leakage or waste of the fluid being handled. With the arrangement I have provided the connections between the conduits S and D and the reservoir R, fitting l0 and needle N may be simple slip joints such as are commonly employed in connection with rubber tubing and the like, which type of joint when properly established is tight and dependable.

The control C provided by my invention is applied to the conduits S and D, preferably at a point adjacent or closed to the point where the conduits join the fitting l0 so that the control can be engaged and operated by fingers or the thumb of the hand employed to grasp and operate the bulb B. This arrangement and relationship of parts is clearly illustrated in Fig. 1 of the drawings.

The control involves primarily a body H applied to the conduits S and D, a shutter [2 carried by the body to engage and act upon the conduits as will be hereinafter described, means l3 normally yieldingly holding the shutter in one position, and means I4 whereby the shutter can be readily operated to the other position.

The body In is a suitably shaped block of rigid material adapted to embrace the conduits S and D. In the preferred form of the invention the body is an elongate tube having a single opening extending transversely through it, and the two conduits S and D are carried in side by side relationship in the single body opening. In practice the body opening can be varied considerably in form or configuration. In the case illustrated I have shown the opening substantially rectangular in cross section so that it has a flat bottom wall It and a corresponding flat top wall H. In the particular form of construction illustrated the body has a tubular side wall [3 through which the opening is formed, and the fiat bottom I6 is formed by a closure I9 that closes the lower end of the body while the flat top I! is formed by apartition 2!] fixed in the body a suitable distance above the bottom. The opening provided in the body wall [8 is preferably just sufficiently wide to accommodate the conduits S and D when they are arranged one above the other, that is, the width of the opening corresponds to the diameter of the conduits, it being preferred to employ two conduits that are equal in diameter. The length of the opening in the body is preferably made to accommodate the two conduits or, in other words, it is made to equal the combined diameters of the two conduits. The cylindrical wall I8 of the body is preferably proportioned so that its inner wall is considerably larger in diameter than the width of the opening across the body so that the body opening is, in effect, enlarged laterally between the two sides where it passes through the body opening, as clearly shown in Fig, 5 of the drawings. This enlargement orchamber 2| is provided to accommodate the conduits when they are flattened, as will be hereinafter described, and as shown in Fig. 5 of the drawings.

Thechamber 2| in addition to being defined by the inner curved wall of the body is defined by the flat bottom l6 and the fiat top H, as shown throughout the drawings. The shutter I2 is carried by the body to be operable to pinch or flatten the conduits one at a time, or in other Words, between an up position where it flattens conduit D, and a down position where it flattens conduit S. The shutter includes, primarily, aweb 25 extending transversely through thechamber 21 and located between the two tubes that pass through the chamber. Theweb 25 has alower edge 26 adapted to be moved against the tube S to pinch it against the bottom It, and has anupper edge 21 adapted to be moved against the tube D to pinch it against the top H. When theweb 25 is in an up position, as shown in Fig. 2, the tube D is pinched against the bottom I! so that it is closed against passage of fluid therethrough, while the tube S is not pinched but is open for free fiow of fluid. When theweb 25 is in a down position, as shown in Fig. 3 the reverse is true, that is, the tube S is pinched or closed against flow of fluid therethrough while the tube D is open.

In accordance with my invention theweb 25 may be supported and operated in various manners. However, in the preferred arrangement it has a flat plate likeextension 30 slidably carried in a slot 3| formed through thepartition 20 provided in the body. The web may be joined to the extension by spaced leg portions which straddle the conduit S as clearly shown in Fig. 4. In actual construction the parts just described are formed by first providing a flat plate an by providing a single opening or hole therethrough to pass the conduit D and to form or establish thetop edge 21 of the web and to form the twolegs 35. In the preferred arrangement theweb 25 extends almost completely across thechamber 2| formed in the body, whereas theextension 30 is of reduced width as shown in Fig. 4.

The means l3 normally yieldingly holding the shutter in one position preferably acts to hold it up or in the position shown in Fig. 2 of the drawings. In the particular form of the invention illustrated the means I3 involves a stem projecting upwardly from theextension 30 to a point well above thepartition 20 and a spring 4| acts through thestem 40 to normally yieldingly hold theextension 30 and, therefore, theweb 25 in the up position. The spring 4| is preferably a helical compression spring surrounding thestem 40 and acting between the upper side of the partition '20 and the lower side of a head applied to the upper end of thestem 40. In the particular construction illustrated the head of the stem is screw threaded to a pin-like projection 5| on the upper end of the stem part '40 and the head has a dependingsleeve 53 which is in effect a part of the stem which surrounds the spring and slidably fits into the upper end portion of the body, that is, into theportion 54 of the body which projects upwardly above thepartition 20.

The means I4 provided for operating the parts just described may include independent operating parts connected to the parts so far described. However, I prefer to simply provide a finished face or thumb rest 60 at the upper end of thehead 50 to be conveniently engaged by the thumb of the operator when the device is in use, as shown in Fig. 1.

When the parts are in the normal position, as shown in Fig. 2, theWeb 25 is up and its edge '21 pinches the tube D against the wall I! flattening it against the wall and closing the tube against the passage of fluid. When the control C is fully operated or thehead 50 is depressed, as shown in Fig. 3, theedge 26 of the web pinches the tube S flattening it against the bottom [6 as shown in Fig. 5, and preventing the passage of fluid therethrough.

With the control constructed as above described it is a very simple matter to slide the conduits or tubes S and D through the control or, in other words, to adjust the control along the conduits to any desired position. It is preferred to locate the control 0 close to the bulb B and yet allow a short length X of the conduits to occur between the control and the bulb, or between the control and the fitting ID to allow the parts to readily adjust or accommodate themselves to the hand of the user. With the parts assembled and ready for operation fluid from the reservoir R is admitted into the bulb B when thehead 50 is up or released, so that the conduit S is not pinched against the bottom wall IS. The device can be manipulated so that fluid from the reservoir R flows through the conduit S into the bulb B to fill it, and out through the conduit D and needle N, so that the apparatus is full or flooded. Thereafter, if it is desired to agitate the fluid in the reservoir R the control can be left unactuated and the bulb B manipu lated causing fluid to surge back and forth in the conduit S and consequently to disturb the fluid present in the reservoir R. During normal operation of the apparatus a charge or body of fluid from the reservoir R having been admitted to the bulb B is discharged through the needle N by pressing the bulb B when thehead 50 is depressed or in the position shown in Fig. 3. Following the discharge of the fluid through the needle the control C is released allowing the parts to move to the position shown in Fig. 2, so that the conduit S is open and the conduit D is closed, whereupon the bulb is released allowing a charge of fluid to flow from the reservoir into the bulb. It will be apparent that by repeating the operation just described charges of fluid from the reservoir R may be delivered to the needle N of any desired quantity, or at any desired speed and at any suitable intervals. Likewise, it will be apparent that the control and bulb can be arranged at any desired location and can be very easily handled or manipulated by one hand and with very little practice an operator can handle the apparatus very skillfully.

Having described only typical preferred forms and applications of my invention, I do not wish to be limited or restricted to the specific details herein set forth, but wish to reserve to myself any variations or modifications that may appear to those skilled in the art and fall within the scope of the following claims.

Having described my invention, I claim:

1. A control for two resilient tubes including, a body having an opening passing the tubes and a guideway angularly related to the opening, and a web slidably carried by the guideway in the body and having a portion between the tubes shiftable relative to the body to alternately pinch the tubes.

2. A control for two resilient tubes including, a body having an opening passing the tubes in side by side relationship, the body having a guideway angularly related to the opening, and a web slidably carried by the guideway in the body, the web having a part extending between the tubes and being shiftable so sai-d part alternately pinches the tubes.

3. A control for two resilient tubes including, a body having a transverse opening passing the tubes and having a guideway normal to the opening, a web slidably carried by the body and having a part to engage between the tubes and shiftable to alternately pinch the tubes, and means normally yieldingly holding the web in position where it pinches one of the tubes and projects from the body to be engageable for operation.

4. A control for two resilient tubes including, a body having an opening passing the tubes and having a guideway normal to the opening, a web carried by the guideway with a part engaging both tubes and shiftable to alternately pinch the tubes, and means normally yieldingly holding the web in position where it pinches one of the tubes, said means including a stem through which the web is operable to pinch the other tube, the stem having sliding engagement with the body.

5. A control for two resilient tubes including, a body having an opening passing the tubes and having a guideway normal to the opening, a web carried by the guideway with a part engaging both tubes and shiftable to alternately pinch the tubes, and means normally yieldingly holding the web in position where it pinches one of the tubes and including a stem coupled with the web 7 whereby the web is operable to pinch the other tube, the stem having sliding engagement with the body and having a head projecting from one end of the body to be engaged by an operator.

6. A control for two resilient tubes including an elongate body having a transverse opening passing the tubes in side by side relation and having opposed walls against which the tubes bear, the body having a guideway normal to the opening, a Web slidably carried in the guideway and having a part in the opening between the tubes transverse of the tubes and operable toward either of the Walls, a spring in the body, a stem on the web, the spring engaging the stem and normally yieldingly urging the web toward one wall, the stem having a part projecting from the body through which the stem and web are operable against the spring.

'7. A control for two resilient tubes including, a body having an opening passing the tubes and having a guideway normal to the opening, a web carried by the guideway shiftable to alternately pinch the tubes, and means normally yieldingly holding the Web in position where it pinches one of the tubes and including a stem through which the web is operable to pinch the other tub-e and which is slidably supported by the body, the stem having a head projecting from one end of the body to be engaged by an operator, said means further including a spring in the body engaging the head.

8. A control for two resilient tubes including, an elongate body having an opening passing the tubes and having a guideway normal to the opening and having a bore entering it from one end, a web carried by the body shiftable to alternately pinch the tubes, and means normally yieldingly holding the web in position Where it pinches one of the tubes and including a, stem coupled to the web and through which the web is operable to pinch the other tube, the stem having a head slidably carried in the bore of the body and projecting from one end of the body to be engaged by an operator.

9. A control for two resilient tubes including, an elongate body having an opening passing the tubes and having a, guideway normal to the opening and having a bore entering it from one end, a web carried by the body shiftable to alternately pinch the tubes, and means normally yieldingly holding the web in position where it pinches one of the tubes and including a stem attached to the web and operating the Web to pinch the other tube, the stem having a head slidably carried in the bore of the body and projecting from one end of the body to be engaged by an operator, said means including a spring in the body surrounding the stem and engaging the head.

ADRIAN O. HUBBELL.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS

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