US2193322A - Controllable transfer element for multiple compartment ampules - Google Patents

Description

March 12, 1940. POZIER H 2,192,322

CONTROLLABLE TRANSFER ELEMENT FOR MULTIPLE COMPARTMENT AMPULES Filed April 30. 1938 69d /77: l z ga 4 4/ 8 4/ A3 8 39 /3 F A 84 w THEIR ATTOR EYS Patented Mar. 12, 1940 UNITED STATES, PATENT OFFICE CONTBOLLABI I 'E TRANSFER ELEMENT FOB MULTIPLE COMPAB'FMENT AMPULES Matthew Lozier, Brooklyn, N. 'Y., and Clayton Herbert Frost, Newark, N. J., assignors to Cook Laboratories, Inc., New York, N, Y., a corporation of Delaware Application April 30, 1938, Serial No. 205,170

3 Claims.

which are customarily employed for hypodermic injections.

More particularly we are concerned with 5 ampules having separate compartments which contain dissimilar ingredients to be mixed into a desired injection solution. We contemplate solutions which are not stable in prolonged storage and which must therefore be prepared by the practitioner shortly before use through intermingling of the necessary ingredients contained in the separate compartments in a convenient sterile manner. 7

An object of our invention is an ampule havlh ing multiple separate compartments containing dissimilar ingredients.

Another object is an improved controllable transfer element having a piercing body provided with a channel and designed to establish comga munication between the compartments in the ampule, said transfer element being provided with means to prevent escape of the mixed fluids through the outer end of the channel and the hypodermic needle of the syringe during transas ference, but permitting discharge through the needle after transference.

A further object is an improved syringe in combination with the multiple compartment ampule and the controllable transfer element as which is designed to discharge the injection solution from the ampule after transfer.

Further objects will be seen from the following description.

In our earliest disclosure Ser. No. 124,010, now

as matured into Patent No. 2,115,731, dated May 3, 1938, we define two separate compartments in the ampule by three spaced discs of piercea'ble material, the outer discs closing the opposite open ends of the ampule, and the intermediate.

40 disc being spaced from the outer discs in accordance with the desired size of the two compartments. For the purpose of the invention, all three stoppers are positioned entirely inside and frictionally slidable in the ampule. It is neces- 45 sary to move the intermediate disc during the operation of the expulsion of the mixed liquids into the patient's tissues and to lubrlcatethe outer peripheries of the discs in order to facilitate the movement of all the discs.

This lubrication together with the ever present possibility of expansion and contraction of the glass container, due to variation in temperature as well as to the slight variation in the internal diameter of the container, presents a possibility as of seepage around the intermediate disc from (01,.128-215) Our invention relates to syringes and ampulesv one compartment to the other, which is detrimental'to the use of the ampule, since it is essen-' tial to maintain the two dissimilar liquids in hermetic separation until the moment of intermixture of theliquids by the aid of a transfer element.

To prevent the possibility of seepage, we provide in our application Ser. No. 172,892,'now

matured into Patent No. 2,159,217, dated May 23, 1939, a new method of expulsion of the liquid 1 contents of the ampule which does not require the movement of the intermediate disc and makes it unnecessary, therefore, to lubricate the outer periphery of said disc, whereby the disc remains practically immovable.

We describe the transfer element in our Patent No. 2,115,731 which moves the intermediate disc as being secured to the plunger of the syringe and consisting of a hollow piercing element having a sharp and tapering end portion and an axially positioned channel adapted to communicate with an aperture in the side of combined liquid from the ampule directly,

through a hypodermic needle into the tissue without removing the ampule from the syringe,

and without seepage.

We have now designed further improved controllable transfer elements which are simpler in construction and much safer in operation than the transfer element in application Ser. No. 1'72, 892. v

Reference is made to the accompanying sheet of drawings which illustrates the new transfer elements, and their operative combination with the syringe and. multiple compartment ampule.

Fig. 1 shows a longitudinal cross sectional view of our multiple compartment ampule having three discs in predetermined spaced relatio therein.

Fig. 2 is an enlarged fragmentary view of one modification of our transfer element and multiple compartment ampule in transferred posi-tion.

Fig. 3 is thesame in discharge position.

Fig. 4 is an enlarged fragmentary view of another modification of our transferred element and ampule in transfer position.

diameter of the 'member 2 inv sealing relation.

Fig. 1 shows the ampule with the discs positioned therein in spaced relation so as to form thecompartments 4 and 5 which may'contain dissimilar liquids. Thecompartments 4 and '5 are hermetically sealed from each other by the disc 3a due to its frictional sealing engagement in thetubular member 2. .It will be noted that in Fig. 1, thedisc 3 is positioned at or near one end. 3 of the tubular member- 2, and that thedisc 30 is spaced at a predetermined distance therefrom to form thecompartment 4, while the disc 3b has been positioned inwardly from the end I of thetubular member 2 so as to form the closed compartment '5. This position of the disc 3b between' theend 1 and stopper 3a is governed by the length of thecompartment 5. The length of the open end-space is substantially the same as the length of thecompartment 4. The end space is essential, to permit the movement of the disc 3b when the liquid incompartment 4 is transferred intocompartment 5 For the purpose of our invention, all the discs are positioned entirely inside thecasing 2. Theend discs 3 and 31) have their outer peripheries lubricated and are frictionally slidable in the casing tube.

Fig. 1 shows the ampule l with the three discs of the same diameter throughout their length in the positions they occupy before the liquid incompartment 4 has been transferred intocompartment 5.

Fig. 2 shows I the same arrangement during transfer and indicates so much of the body of the syringe to which the transfer element is attached as is necessary to explain the operation of the transfer.

The syringe consists of abarrel 3, asolid head 9 with a threaded portion l0, and the knurled nut l2, and collar H. The plunger head and the plunger of the syringe are not shown. They may be of any design customary in this art.

21 is a hypodermic needle provided with a a sharply beveledouter end 28, a sharply beveled inner end 29, and asoft metal collar 30 near the latter.

I3 is the controllable transfer element. It is mounted in the syringe head S'slidably along its longltudinal'axis, and consists substantially ofahollow tube 4. It is surrounded by theconcentric sleeve 22. Its inner end is sharply beveled, while theouter end 2| is cut off squarely. Near theouter end 2| there is provided a plug l1 and'ports l8 and I9 at the end of plug II in the wall of tube l4. Close to the sharply beveledinner end 20 there is out out from the tube a lateral inlet at Isa. The transfer element is controlled in its longitudinal movements in either direction by thestops I 5 and I5 positioned in thecavity 23 which is surrounded'by theconcentric sleeve 22. Rigidly attached to the tube I4 is acollar 23a, located within thecavity 23. Ports '24 and 25, which openintothe channel 26, complete the structure of theconcentric sleeve 22.

Fig. 2 also shows thehypodermic needle 21 mounted in thesyringe 3 and combined with the amass:

A 3 faces the sharply beveledinner end 23 of the transfer element l3. Continued motion in the same direction causes theinner end 23 to suecessively piercediscs 3 and 3a and then pressesdisc 3 againstcollar 1! which forces the disc inwardly of the ampule l in the direction of thestationary disc 30. Thestoppers 3 and 3a are now in contacting position; when thecompartments 4 and 5 contain liquids, due to the incompressibllity of the liquids, the liquid in compartment 4will be transferred to thecompartment 5 by way of port Isa and through the channel of the hollow tube l4. By this action it is to be noted that bothend discs 3 and 3b are movable simultaneously and equally, while disc 3a remains fixed during liquid transference. Thedisc 35 will move to the end I of the ampule At the same time, outer motion is imposed on the readily slidable transfer element l3 by the resistance ofdisc 3 to penetration of theinner end 23, which causes the plug and ports to register as shown in Fig. 2. This outer motion causes the plug H to register withport 24 in theconcentric sleeve 22, thereby closing the port and preventing the escape of the liquid, contained in the ampule, through theouter end 2| of the transfer element, and thehypodermic needle 21, as thechannel 26 in thesleeve 22 is blocked by the plug I].

Fig. 3 shows the operation of the transfer element as a conductor of the liquid from the ampule to the hypodermic needle during discharge. Proceeding from the arrangement shown in Fig. 2, the knurled nut I2 is turned inwardly whereby theneedle 21 and itscollar 30 are advanced, the latter developing pressure on theouter end 2| of the transfer element l3 and moving it inward, until it comes to a halt when thecollar 23a has reached its extreme inward position in thecavity 23. The ports l8 and I3 are new registered with the plug between theports 24 and 25 of theconcentric sleeve 22, thereby forming a continuous open passage from the interior of the ampule throughend 20 to thehypodermic needle 21. At the same time, the joint between the metal collar on thehypodermic needle 21 and theouter end 2| of the'transfer element I3 is now sealed and prevents leakage flowing through the transfer element into the hypodermic needle. during ejection of the contents of the multiple ampule contained in the syringe.

Figs. 4 and 5 demonstrate another modification of the transfer element. The parts of the syringe and ampule and the numerals designating those parts are the same as in Figs. 1, 2 and 3.

3| is the controllable transfer element. It is mounted in thesyringe head 3 slidably along its longitudinal axis and consists substantially of ahollow tube 32. Itsinner end 33 is sharply beveled, while theouter end 34 is squarely cut. Near its inner end, theelement 3| is provided with aplug 35 andports 36 and 31 at the end ofplug 35 in the wall oftube 32. The transfer element is controlled in its movements in either direction by stops '38 and 33 and collar 33a which is rigidly attached to thetube 32 and slidably positioned in the cavity 40 of thesyringe head 3.

2,193,822 To accomplish transfer of liquid from com- 7 tion is thereby imposed on thetransfer element 3| by the'resistance of thedisc 3 to penetration by the sharplybeveled end 33 which causes theplug 35 and ports 36' and 31 to register as indicated in Fig. 4.Discs 3 and 3a are now in contacting position. Again the liquid which is contained incompartment 4, due to its incompressibility, will be transferred tocompartment 5 by Way of port 31 and through the channel of thehollow tube 32, but it cannot escape through the transfer element in the direction of the needle 2'! since passage is closed by theplug 35 now located in the wall of thedisc 3. The disc 3b will move simultaneously and equally to the end I of the ampule I.

Fig. 5 shows the operation of the transfer element as a conductor of the liquid from the ampule to the hypodermic needle during discharge. Inward motion of the transfer element for the purpose of ejection of the liquid from the ampule to the hypodermic needle is accomplished by the inward movement of the needle nut l2 against themetal collar 30 on the hypodermic 'needle 21 on thesquare end 34 of thetransfer element 3|. This inward movement causes bothports 36 and 31 of the transfer element to register within the cavity of thedisc 3, thereby forming an open passage from the ampule to the hypodermic needle. Thespringlike attachment 4| prevents further outer movement of thecollar 39a in the cavity 40 beyond thestop 38 when our device is in transfer position as shown in Fig. 4. On the other hand,

when the knurled nut I2 is removed from the.

threaded portion In of thesyringe head 9, theattachment 4| may be lifted away from the cavity 40, thus enabling removal from or the insertion into thesyringe head 9 of thetransfer element 3|,theattachment 4| then automatically returning into position as shown in Fig. 4 by virtue of the spring action.

We prefer the transfer element of Figures 4 and 5 because of the simplicity of its construction and the ease of operation. It will be seen that the various parts of the combination can readily be separated for purposes of cleaning and repair and may be assembled just as conveniently.

We claim: 1

1. In combination with a hypodermic syringe and multiple compartment ampule having two chambers formed therein by two movable end discs and a permanently fixed intermediate disc, a transfer and discharge system for transferring the contents of one compartment to the other and discharging the mixed contents through the hypodermic needle, which system comprises a syringe head provided with an annular protrusion facing inwardly of the syringe barrel, a central bore penetrating the entire length of said head and protrusion, a hollow tube slidably mounted in said bore and sharply beveled at its end extending ahead of said protrusion but squarely cut at its other end extending through the head, a collar rigidly attached to the tube, a cavity in said head slidably embracing said collar and controlling its movements, said hollow tube being partitioned by a plug and being provided with a plurality of lateral ports, said plug and said ports so registering with said cavity and said end disc of the ampule facing said annular protrusion as to close passage of the liquid from the ampule to the hypodermic needle in transfer position and to form an open passage from the ampule to the hypodermic needle during discharge position.

2. The transfer and discharge system in accordance withclaim 1, in which the plurality tioned near the squarely cut end of the hollow tube, ports at the end of the plug in the walls of said tube, a concentric sleeve surrounding said tube adjacent to said end and provided with a channel having slots registering with said ports in discharge position but registering with the plug in transfer position, and a lateral inlet cut,

.end-disc of the ampule closing passage of the liquid from the ampule-to the hypodermic needle 'in transfer position, and said ports registering with the cavity of said end disc thereby forming an open passage from the ampule to the hypodermic needle during discharge position.

MATTIEW LOZIER. CLAYTON HERBERT FROST.

a of ports and channels comprises a plug posi-

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