US20220257215A1 - Ultrasound endoscope - Google Patents

Abstract

An ultrasound endoscope includes: a plurality of piezoelectric elements that are arranged to form a cylinder such that respective longitudinal directions of the piezoelectric elements are aligned, each piezoelectric element being configured to transmit and receive an ultrasound wave; an acoustic lens that is located on outer peripheries of the piezoelectric elements, the acoustic lens being configured to converge ultrasound waves generated by the piezoelectric elements on an outside of the acoustic lens, and transmit ultrasound waves input from the outside of the acoustic lens to the piezoelectric elements; a housing configured to hold distal end sides and proximal end sides of both of the piezoelectric elements and the acoustic lens; and a flexible material that is located between either a distal end or a proximal end of the acoustic lens and the housing, and that has a lower elastic modulus than the acoustic lens.

Description

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION
• This application is a continuation of International Application No. PCT/JP2019/044202, filed on Nov. 11, 2019, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.
BACKGROUND1. Technical Field
• The present disclosure relates to an ultrasound endoscope.
2. Related Art
• In the related art, an ultrasound endoscope of a radial type, in which piezoelectric elements are arranged in a cylinder manner, has been used (for example, see Japanese Patent No. 4488203). Ultrasound waves emitted from the piezoelectric elements are applied to an inside of a subject through an acoustic lens that is located on outer peripheries of the piezoelectric elements. The acoustic lens is made of a flexible material, such as silicone, and the piezoelectric elements and the acoustic lens are held by a housing.
SUMMARY
• In some embodiments, an ultrasound endoscope includes: a plurality of piezoelectric elements that are arranged to form a cylinder such that respective longitudinal directions of the piezoelectric elements are aligned, each piezoelectric element being configured to transmit and receive an ultrasound wave; an acoustic lens that is located on outer peripheries of the piezoelectric elements, the acoustic lens being configured to converge ultrasound waves generated by the piezoelectric elements on an outside of the acoustic lens, and transmit ultrasound waves input from the outside of the acoustic lens to the piezoelectric elements; a housing configured to hold distal end sides and proximal end sides of both of the piezoelectric elements and the acoustic lens; and a flexible material that is located between either a distal end or a proximal end of the acoustic lens and the housing, and that has a lower elastic modulus than the acoustic lens.
• The above and other features, advantages and technical and industrial significance of this disclosure will be better understood by reading the following detailed description of presently preferred embodiments of the disclosure, when considered in connection with the accompanying drawings.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
• FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically illustrating an ultrasound endoscope system including an ultrasound endoscope according to one embodiment;
• FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a distal end of an insertion portion of the ultrasound endoscope illustrated inFIG. 1;
• FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the distal end of the insertion portion of the ultrasound endoscope illustrated inFIG. 1;
• FIG. 4 is a partial enlarged view of a region A illustrated inFIG. 3; and
• FIG. 5 is a partial enlarged view of a region B illustrated inFIG. 3.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
• Embodiments of an ultrasound endoscope according to the disclosure will be described below with reference to the drawings. The disclosure is not limited by the embodiments below. The disclosure is applicable to a general ultrasound endoscope including an ultrasound transducer of a radial type.
• Further, in descriptions of the drawings, the same or corresponding components are appropriately denoted by the same reference symbols. Furthermore, it is necessary to note that the drawings are schematic, and dimensional relations of each of components, ratios among components, and the like may be different from actual ones. Moreover, the drawings may include a portion that has different dimensional relations or ratios.
Embodiment
• Overall Configuration of Ultrasound Endoscope System
• FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically illustrating an ultrasound endoscope system including an ultrasound endoscope according to one embodiment. Anultrasound endoscope system1 according to one embodiment is a system that performs an ultrasound diagnosis on a subject, such as a human being, by using an ultrasound endoscope. As illustrated inFIG. 1, theultrasound endoscope system1 includes anultrasound endoscope2, anultrasound imaging apparatus3, an endoscope imaging apparatus4, adisplay apparatus5, and alight source apparatus6.
• Theultrasound endoscope2 is a combination of an endoscope imaging unit, which includes an observation optical system configured with a lens or the like and which includes an image sensor, with an ultrasound probe, and has an endoscope imaging function (endoscope observation function) and an ultrasound imaging function (ultrasound observation function). Theultrasound endoscope2 is an ultrasound endoscope of a radial type that performs ultrasound observation in a direction perpendicular to a direction in which an insertion portion is inserted.
• Theultrasound endoscope2 includes, at a distal end thereof, an ultrasound transducer that converts an electric pulse signal transmitted from theultrasound imaging apparatus3 into an ultrasound pulse (acoustic pulse), applies the ultrasound pulse to the subject, converts an ultrasound echo reflected by the subject into an electrical echo signal that represents the ultrasound echo by a voltage change, and outputs the electrical echo signal. A configuration of the ultrasound transducer will be described later.
• Theultrasound endoscope2 includes an illuminator that applies illumination light to the subject, and an imager that receives reflected light from the subject. The illuminator includes a light guide that guides the illumination light to be applied to the subject to the distal end of theultrasound endoscope2 at the time of optical imaging. A distal end of the light guide reaches a distal end of the insertion portion of theultrasound endoscope2 inserted into the subject, and a proximal end portion is connected to thelight source apparatus6 that generates the illumination light. The imager includes an imaging optical system and an image sensor, is inserted into a digestive tract (an esophagus, a stomach, a duodenum, or a large intestine) or a respiratory organ (a trachea or a bronchus) of the subject, and is able to capture images of the digestive tract or the respiratory organ. Further, theultrasound endoscope2 is able to capture images of organs (a pancreas, a gallbladder, a bile duct, a pancreatic duct, lymph nodes, an organ in a mediastinum, a blood vessel, and the like) around the digestive tract or the respiratory organ by using ultrasound waves.
• Theultrasound imaging apparatus3 is electrically connected to theultrasound endoscope2 via anultrasound cable31, outputs a pulse signal to theultrasound endoscope2 via theultrasound cable31, and receives input of an echo signal from theultrasound endoscope2 via theultrasound cable31. Further, theultrasound imaging apparatus3 performs a predetermined process on the echo signal and generates an ultrasound image.
• The endoscope imaging apparatus4 is electrically connected to theultrasound endoscope2 via avideo cable41, and receives input of an image signal from theultrasound endoscope2 via thevideo cable41. Further, the endoscope imaging apparatus4 performs a predetermined process on the image signal and generates an endoscopic image.
• Thedisplay apparatus5 is configured with liquid crystal, organic electro luminescence (EL), or the like, and displays the ultrasound image generated by theultrasound imaging apparatus3, the endoscopic image generated by the endoscope imaging apparatus4, and the like.
• Thelight source apparatus6 supplies the illumination light to theultrasound endoscope2 via the light guide.
• Configuration of Ultrasound Endoscope
• As illustrated inFIG. 1, theultrasound endoscope2 includes aninsertion portion21, anoperating unit22, auniversal cord23, and aconnector24. Meanwhile, the “distal end” described herein indicates an end portion located at a side of a distal end in a direction in which theinsertion portion21 is inserted into the subject. Further, the “proximal end” described herein indicates an end portion located at an opposite side (at a side of the operating unit22) of the distal end in the direction in which theinsertion portion21 is inserted into the subject.
• Theinsertion portion21 is a tubular portion to be inserted into the subject. As illustrated inFIG. 1, theinsertion portion21 includes anultrasound transducer211 that is located at the distal end of theinsertion portion21, abending portion212 that is connected to a proximal end side of theultrasound transducer211 and that is bendable, and aflexible tube portion213 that is connected to a proximal end side of thebending portion212 and that has flexibility. A configuration of the distal end of theinsertion portion21 will be described later.
• Theultrasound transducer211 applies ultrasound waves in a direction perpendicular to a longitudinal direction of theinsertion portion21. Theultrasound transducer211 includes a plurality of piezoelectric elements to be described later, and electronically performs scanning by electronically switching the piezoelectric elements related to transmission and reception or delaying transmission and reception performed by each of the piezoelectric elements. Theultrasound transducer211 applies ultrasound waves to the inside of the subject due to vibration of the piezoelectric elements that occurs by input of a pulse signal. Further, if ultrasound waves reflected by the subject are transmitted to the piezoelectric elements, the piezoelectric elements vibrate due to the transmitted ultrasound waves, and the piezoelectric elements convert the vibration to an electrical signal (echo signal). The echo signal is transmitted to theultrasound imaging apparatus3 via theultrasound cable31 or the like.
• Theoperating unit22 is a portion that is connected to a proximal end side of theinsertion portion21 and receives various kinds of operation from a doctor or the like. As illustrated inFIG. 1, theoperating unit22 includes abending knob221 for performing bending operation on thebending portion212, and a plurality ofoperating members222 for performing various kinds of operation. Furthermore, a treatmenttool insertion port223 for inserting a treatment tool into a treatment tool insertion path is formed on theoperating unit22.
• Theuniversal cord23 is a cable which extends from theoperating unit22 and in which a plurality of signal cables for transmitting various signals, an optical fiber for transmitting the illumination light supplied from thelight source apparatus6, and the like are arranged.
• Theconnector24 is arranged at a distal end of theuniversal cord23. Further, theconnector24 includes first tothird connectors241 to243 that are connected to theultrasound cable31, thevideo cable41, and thelight source apparatus6, respectively.
• Configuration of Distal End of Insertion Portion
• FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the distal end of the insertion portion of the ultrasound endoscope illustrated inFIG. 1. As illustrated inFIG. 2, on the distal end of theinsertion portion21, anilluminator2121 that applies the illumination light from thelight source apparatus6 to the subject, animager2122 including an image sensor that receives reflected light from the subject, aforceps port2123 that also functions as a suction port, and an air transmission/water transmission nozzle (not illustrated) are arranged.
• FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the distal end of the insertion portion of the ultrasound endoscope illustrated inFIG. 1. As illustrated inFIG. 3, theultrasound endoscope2 includespiezoelectric elements2111, a distal-end-side housing2112, a proximal-end-side housing2113, anacoustic lens2114, a distal-end-sideflexible material2115, a proximal-end-sideflexible material2116, a firstacoustic matching layer2117, a secondacoustic matching layer2118, and abacking member2119.
• The plurality ofpiezoelectric elements2111 have elongated shapes and arranged in a cylinder manner such that respective longitudinal directions (horizontal directions along the sheet ofFIG. 3) are aligned. Each of thepiezoelectric elements2111 transmits and receives ultrasound waves. Specifically, each of thepiezoelectric elements2111 converts an electrical pulse signal into an acoustic pulse, applies the acoustic pulse to the subject, converts an ultrasound echo reflected by the subject into an electrical echo signal that represents the ultrasound echo by a voltage change, and outputs the electrical echo signal.
• The distal-end-side housing2112 holds distal end sides of thepiezoelectric elements2111 and theacoustic lens2114. The distal-end-side housing2112 is made of a hard material, such as a resin, a metal, or an alloy. The distal-end-side housing2112 may be configured in an integrated manner with the proximal-end-side housing2113, or may be configured as a separate body from the proximal-end-side housing2113.
• The proximal-end-side housing2113 holds proximal end sides of thepiezoelectric elements2111 and theacoustic lens2114.
• Theacoustic lens2114 is located on outer peripheries of thepiezoelectric elements2111, converges the ultrasound waves generated by thepiezoelectric elements2111 on the outside, and transmits ultrasound waves emitted from the outside to thepiezoelectric elements2111. Theacoustic lens2114 is made of a flexible material, such as silicone, includes one surface that has a convex shape or a concave shape to implement a function to converge the ultrasound waves, outputs the ultrasound waves that have transmitted through the secondacoustic matching layer2118 to the outside, and receives ultrasound echoes from the outside.
• FIG. 4 is a partial enlarged view of a region A illustrated inFIG. 3. As illustrated inFIG. 4, the distal-end-sideflexible material2115 is located between the distal end of theacoustic lens2114 and the distal-end-side housing2112, and has a lower elastic modulus than theacoustic lens2114. Specifically, the distal-end-sideflexible material2115 is made of an elastic body, such as gel, or a flexible material, such as rubber.
• FIG. 5 is a partial enlarged view of a region B illustrated inFIG. 3. As illustrated inFIG. 5, the proximal-end-sideflexible material2116 is located between the proximal end of theacoustic lens2114 and the proximal-end-side housing2113, and has a lower elastic modulus than theacoustic lens2114. Specifically, the proximal-end-sideflexible material2116 is made of an elastic body, such as gel, or a flexible material, such as rubber.
• The firstacoustic matching layer2117 and the secondacoustic matching layer2118 match acoustic impedance of thepiezoelectric elements2111 and acoustic impedance of the subject so as to effectively transmit ultrasound waves between thepiezoelectric elements2111 and the subject.
• Thebacking member2119 is made of a material with a large attenuation factor, such as epoxy resin in which filler, e.g., alumina or zirconia, is dispersed, or rubber in which the above-described filler is dispersed, and attenuates unnecessary ultrasound vibration that is generated by operation of thepiezoelectric elements2111.
• As described above, according to one embodiment, the distal-end-sideflexible material2115 is arranged between the distal-end-side housing2112 and theacoustic lens2114, so that a stress that is applied from the distal-end-side housing2112 to theacoustic lens2114 is reduced. Similarly, the proximal-end-sideflexible material2116 is arranged between the proximal-end-side housing2113 and theacoustic lens2114, so that a stress that is applied from the proximal-end-side housing2113 to theacoustic lens2114 is reduced. As a result, it is possible to prevent deformation of theacoustic lens2114 due to the stress, so that it is possible to prevent degradation in ultrasound performance of theultrasound endoscope2.
• Meanwhile, in a radial direction of thepiezoelectric elements2111 arranged in a cylinder manner, it is preferable to set thicknesses of the distal-end-sideflexible material2115 and the proximal-end-sideflexible material2116 to be equal to or larger than a thickness of theacoustic lens2114. If the thicknesses of the distal-end-sideflexible material2115 and the proximal-end-sideflexible material2116 are equal to or larger than the thickness of theacoustic lens2114 in the radial direction, it is possible to improve an effect to reduce the stress that is applied from the distal-end-side housing2112 or the proximal-end-side housing2113 to theacoustic lens2114. Meanwhile, the thickness of theacoustic lens2114 is a thickness of each of end portions of theacoustic lens2114 that come into contact with the distal-end-sideflexible material2115 and the proximal-end-sideflexible material2116.
• Furthermore, in one embodiment as described above, the example has been described in which the flexible materials are located between the distal-end-side housing2112 and theacoustic lens2114 and between the proximal-end-side housing2113 and theacoustic lens2114, but it may be possible to arrange the flexible material between one of the distal end and the proximal end of theacoustic lens2114 and the housing. In this case, the stress that is applied from the housing to theacoustic lens2114 is reduced in a portion in which the flexible material is arranged.
• According to one embodiment of the disclosure, in an ultrasound endoscope of a radial type, it is possible to implement an ultrasound endoscope capable of preventing degradation of ultrasound observation performance due to application of a stress to an acoustic lens.
• Additional advantages and modifications will readily occur to those skilled in the art. Therefore, the disclosure in its broader aspects is not limited to the specific details and representative embodiments shown and described herein. Accordingly, various modifications may be made without departing from the spirit or scope of the general inventive concept as defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (9)

What is claimed is:

1. An ultrasound endoscope comprising:

a plurality of piezoelectric elements that are arranged to form a cylinder such that respective longitudinal directions of the piezoelectric elements are aligned, each piezoelectric element being configured to transmit and receive an ultrasound wave;

an acoustic lens that is located on outer peripheries of the piezoelectric elements, the acoustic lens being configured to converge ultrasound waves generated by the piezoelectric elements on an outside of the acoustic lens, and transmit ultrasound waves input from the outside of the acoustic lens to the piezoelectric elements;

a housing configured to hold distal end sides and proximal end sides of both of the piezoelectric elements and the acoustic lens; and

a flexible material that is located between either a distal end or a proximal end of the acoustic lens and the housing, and that has a lower elastic modulus than the acoustic lens.

2. The ultrasound endoscope according toclaim 1, wherein the flexible material is located between the distal end of the acoustic lens and the housing and between the proximal end of the acoustic lens and the housing.

3. The ultrasound endoscope according toclaim 1, wherein in a radial direction of the cylinder, a thickness of the flexible material is equal to or larger than a thickness of the acoustic lens.

4. The ultrasound endoscope according toclaim 1, further comprising:

an illuminator configured to apply illumination light to a subject; and

an imager that includes an image sensor configured to receive reflected light from the subject.

5. The ultrasound endoscope according toclaim 1, wherein

the housing includes a recess for housing one of a distal end side and a proximal end side of the acoustic lens, and

the flexible material is arranged in the recess.

6. The ultrasound endoscope according toclaim 5, wherein the flexible material is in contact with an inner surface of the recess and the acoustic lens.

7. The ultrasound endoscope according toclaim 1, wherein the flexible material is made of one of gel and rubber.

8. The ultrasound endoscope according toclaim 1, wherein the flexible material is configured to reduce a stress that is applied to the acoustic lens.

9. The ultrasound endoscope according toclaim 7, wherein the flexible material is configured to reduce a stress in an axial direction including the proximal end of the acoustic lens and the distal end of the acoustic lens.

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