US20220179745A9 - Generating Integrity Information in a Vast Storage System - Google Patents

Abstract

A method includes encoding data via erasure coding to produce a plurality of data slices. The method further includes determining a plurality of identifiers corresponding to the data. The method further includes generating integrity information based on the plurality of identifiers by performing a cyclic redundancy check. The method further includes storing the plurality of data slices, the plurality of identifiers, and the integrity information in a storage system.

Description

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
• The present U.S. Utility Patent Application claims priority pursuant to 35 U.S.C. § 120 as a continuation of U.S. Utility application Ser. No. 17/023,971, entitled “STORING INTEGRITY INFORMATION IN A VAST STORAGE SYSTEM”, filed Sep. 17, 2020, which is a continuation-in-part (CIP) of U.S. Utility application Ser. No. 16/137,681, entitled “CONTENT ARCHIVING IN A DISTRIBUTED STORAGE NETWORK”, filed Sep. 21, 2018, issued as U.S. Pat. No. 10,866,754 on Dec. 15, 2020, which is a continuation-in-part (CIP) of U.S. Utility application Ser. No. 14/454,013, entitled “COOPERATIVE DATA ACCESS REQUEST AUTHORIZATION IN A DISPERSED STORAGE NETWORK”, filed Aug. 7, 2014, issued as U.S. Pat. No. 10,154,034 on Dec. 11, 2018, which is a continuation-in-part (CIP) of U.S. Utility application Ser. No. 13/021,552, entitled “SLICE RETRIEVAL IN ACCORDANCE WITH AN ACCESS SEQUENCE IN A DISPERSED STORAGE NETWORK”, filed Feb. 4, 2011, issued as U.S. Pat. No. 9,063,881 on Jun. 23, 2015, which claims priority pursuant to 35 U.S.C. § 119(e) to U.S. Provisional Application No. 61/327,921, entitled “SYSTEM ACCESS AND DATA INTEGRITY VERIFICATION IN A DISPERSED STORAGE SYSTEM”, filed Apr. 26, 2010, all of which are hereby incorporated herein by reference in their entirety and made part of the present U.S. Utility Patent Application for all purposes.
BACKGROUNDTechnical Field
• This invention relates generally to computer networks and more particularly to dispersing error encoded data.
Description of Related Art
• Computing devices are known to communicate data, process data, and/or store data. Such computing devices range from wireless smart phones, laptops, tablets, personal computers (PC), work stations, and video game devices, to data centers that support millions of web searches, stock trades, or on-line purchases every day. In general, a computing device includes a central processing unit (CPU), a memory system, user input/output interfaces, peripheral device interfaces, and an interconnecting bus structure.
• As is further known, a computer may effectively extend its CPU by using “cloud computing” to perform one or more computing functions (e.g., a service, an application, an algorithm, an arithmetic logic function, etc.) on behalf of the computer. Further, for large services, applications, and/or functions, cloud computing may be performed by multiple cloud computing resources in a distributed manner to improve the response time for completion of the service, application, and/or function. For example, Hadoop is an open source software framework that supports distributed applications enabling application execution by thousands of computers.
• In addition to cloud computing, a computer may use “cloud storage” as part of its memory system. As is known, cloud storage enables a user, via its computer, to store files, applications, etc. on an Internet storage system. The Internet storage system may include a RAID (redundant array of independent disks) system and/or a dispersed storage system that uses an error correction scheme to encode data for storage.
• Various conventional storage systems are used to archive user data. Usually, however, the data to be archived requires a user to specify a file path to the data to be stored in an archive, or by requiring a user to specify particular file or object name for storage.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
• FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of a dispersed or distributed storage network (DSN) in accordance with the present invention;
• FIG. 2 is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of a computing core in accordance with the present invention;
• FIG. 3 is a schematic block diagram of an example of dispersed storage error encoding of data in accordance with the present invention;
• FIG. 4 is a schematic block diagram of a generic example of an error encoding function in accordance with the present invention;
• FIG. 5 is a schematic block diagram of a specific example of an error encoding function in accordance with the present invention;
• FIG. 6 is a schematic block diagram of an example of a slice name of an encoded data slice (EDS) in accordance with the present invention;
• FIG. 7 is a schematic block diagram of an example of dispersed storage error decoding of data in accordance with the present invention;
• FIG. 8 is a schematic block diagram of a generic example of an error decoding function in accordance with the present invention;
• FIG. 9 is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment of a computing system in accordance with the present invention; and
• FIG. 10 is a flowchart illustrating an example of archiving data in accordance with the present invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
• FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of a dispersed, or distributed, storage network (DSN)10 that includes a plurality of computing devices12-16, a managingunit18, anintegrity processing unit20, and aDSN memory22. The components of the DSN10 are coupled to anetwork24, which may include one or more wireless and/or wire lined communication systems; one or more non-public intranet systems and/or public internet systems; and/or one or more local area networks (LAN) and/or wide area networks (WAN).
• The DSNmemory22 includes a plurality ofstorage units36 that may be located at geographically different sites (e.g., one in Chicago, one in Milwaukee, etc.), at a common site, or a combination thereof. For example, if the DSNmemory22 includes eightstorage units36, each storage unit is located at a different site. As another example, if the DSNmemory22 includes eightstorage units36, all eight storage units are located at the same site. As yet another example, if the DSNmemory22 includes eightstorage units36, a first pair of storage units are at a first common site, a second pair of storage units are at a second common site, a third pair of storage units are at a third common site, and a fourth pair of storage units are at a fourth common site. Note that aDSN memory22 may include more or less than eightstorage units36. Further note that eachstorage unit36 includes a computing core (as shown inFIG. 2, or components thereof) and a plurality of memory devices for storing dispersed error encoded data.
• Each of the computing devices12-16, the managingunit18, and theintegrity processing unit20 include acomputing core26, which includes network interfaces30-33. Computing devices12-16 may each be a portable computing device and/or a fixed computing device. A portable computing device may be a social networking device, a gaming device, a cell phone, a smart phone, a digital assistant, a digital music player, a digital video player, a laptop computer, a handheld computer, a tablet, a video game controller, and/or any other portable device that includes a computing core. A fixed computing device may be a computer (PC), a computer server, a cable set-top box, a satellite receiver, a television set, a printer, a fax machine, home entertainment equipment, a video game console, and/or any type of home or office computing equipment. Note that each of the managingunit18 and theintegrity processing unit20 may be separate computing devices, may be a common computing device, and/or may be integrated into one or more of the computing devices12-16 and/or into one or more of thestorage units36.
• Eachinterface30,32, and33 includes software and hardware to support one or more communication links via thenetwork24 indirectly and/or directly. For example,interface30 supports a communication link (e.g., wired, wireless, direct, via a LAN, via thenetwork24, etc.) betweencomputing devices14 and16. As another example,interface32 supports communication links (e.g., a wired connection, a wireless connection, a LAN connection, and/or any other type of connection to/from the network24) betweencomputing devices12 and16 and theDSN memory22. As yet another example,interface33 supports a communication link for each of the managingunit18 and theintegrity processing unit20 to thenetwork24.
• Computing devices12 and16 include a dispersed storage (DS)client module34, which enables the computing device to dispersed storage error encode and decode data (e.g., data40) as subsequently described with reference to one or more ofFIGS. 3-8. In this example embodiment,computing device16 functions as a dispersed storage processing agent forcomputing device14. In this role,computing device16 dispersed storage error encodes and decodes data on behalf ofcomputing device14. With the use of dispersed storage error encoding and decoding, the DSN10 is tolerant of a significant number of storage unit failures (the number of failures is based on parameters of the dispersed storage error encoding function) without loss of data and without the need for a redundant or backup copies of the data. Further, the DSN10 stores data for an indefinite period of time without data loss and in a secure manner (e.g., the system is very resistant to unauthorized attempts at accessing the data).
• In operation, the managingunit18 performs DS management services. For example, the managingunit18 establishes distributed data storage parameters (e.g., vault creation, distributed storage parameters, security parameters, billing information, user profile information, etc.) for computing devices12-14 individually or as part of a group of user devices. As a specific example, the managingunit18 coordinates creation of a vault (e.g., a virtual memory block associated with a portion of an overall namespace of the DSN) within theDSN memory22 for a user device, a group of devices, or for public access and establishes per vault dispersed storage (DS) error encoding parameters for a vault. The managingunit18 facilitates storage of DS error encoding parameters for each vault by updating registry information of the DSN10, where the registry information may be stored in theDSN memory22, a computing device12-16, the managingunit18, and/or theintegrity processing unit20.
• The managingunit18 creates and stores user profile information (e.g., an access control list (ACL)) in local memory and/or within memory of theDSN memory22. The user profile information includes authentication information, permissions, and/or the security parameters. The security parameters may include encryption/decryption scheme, one or more encryption keys, key generation scheme, and/or data encoding/decoding scheme.
• The managingunit18 creates billing information for a particular user, a user group, a vault access, public vault access, etc. For instance, the managingunit18 tracks the number of times a user accesses a non-public vault and/or public vaults, which can be used to generate a per-access billing information. In another instance, the managingunit18 tracks the amount of data stored and/or retrieved by a user device and/or a user group, which can be used to generate a per-data-amount billing information.
• As another example, the managingunit18 performs network operations, network administration, and/or network maintenance. Network operations includes authenticating user data allocation requests (e.g., read and/or write requests), managing creation of vaults, establishing authentication credentials for user devices, adding/deleting components (e.g., user devices, storage units, and/or computing devices with a DS client module34) to/from theDSN10, and/or establishing authentication credentials for thestorage units36. Network administration includes monitoring devices and/or units for failures, maintaining vault information, determining device and/or unit activation status, determining device and/or unit loading, and/or determining any other system level operation that affects the performance level of theDSN10. Network maintenance includes facilitating replacing, upgrading, repairing, and/or expanding a device and/or unit of theDSN10.
• Theintegrity processing unit20 performs rebuilding of ‘bad’ or missing encoded data slices. At a high level, theintegrity processing unit20 performs rebuilding by periodically attempting to retrieve/list encoded data slices, and/or slice names of the encoded data slices, from theDSN memory22. For retrieved encoded slices, they are checked for errors due to data corruption, outdated version, etc. If a slice includes an error, it is flagged as a ‘bad’ slice. For encoded data slices that were not received and/or not listed, they are flagged as missing slices. Bad and/or missing slices are subsequently rebuilt using other retrieved encoded data slices that are deemed to be good slices to produce rebuilt slices. The rebuilt slices are stored in theDSN memory22.
• FIG. 2 is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of acomputing core26 that includes aprocessing module50, amemory controller52,main memory54, a videographics processing unit55, an input/output (IO)controller56, a peripheral component interconnect (PCI)interface58, anIO interface module60, at least one IOdevice interface module62, a read only memory (ROM) basic input output system (BIOS)64, and one or more memory interface modules. The one or more memory interface module(s) includes one or more of a universal serial bus (USB) interface module66, a host bus adapter (HBA)interface module68, anetwork interface module70, aflash interface module72, a harddrive interface module74, and aDSN interface module76.
• TheDSN interface module76 functions to mimic a conventional operating system (OS) file system interface (e.g., network file system (NFS), flash file system (FFS), disk file system (DFS), file transfer protocol (FTP), web-based distributed authoring and versioning (WebDAV), etc.) and/or a block memory interface (e.g., small computer system interface (SCSI), internet small computer system interface (iSCSI), etc.). TheDSN interface module76 and/or thenetwork interface module70 may function as one or more of the interface30-33 ofFIG. 1. Note that the IOdevice interface module62 and/or the memory interface modules66-76 may be collectively or individually referred to as IO ports.
• FIG. 3 is a schematic block diagram of an example of dispersed storage error encoding of data. When acomputing device12 or16 has data to store it disperse storage error encodes the data in accordance with a dispersed storage error encoding process based on dispersed storage error encoding parameters. The dispersed storage error encoding parameters include an encoding function (e.g., information dispersal algorithm, Reed-Solomon, Cauchy Reed-Solomon, systematic encoding, non-systematic encoding, on-line codes, etc.), a data segmenting protocol (e.g., data segment size, fixed, variable, etc.), and per data segment encoding values. The per data segment encoding values include a total, or pillar width, number (T) of encoded data slices per encoding of a data segment (i.e., in a set of encoded data slices); a decode threshold number (D) of encoded data slices of a set of encoded data slices that are needed to recover the data segment; a read threshold number (R) of encoded data slices to indicate a number of encoded data slices per set to be read from storage for decoding of the data segment; and/or a write threshold number (W) to indicate a number of encoded data slices per set that must be accurately stored before the encoded data segment is deemed to have been properly stored. The dispersed storage error encoding parameters may further include slicing information (e.g., the number of encoded data slices that will be created for each data segment) and/or slice security information (e.g., per encoded data slice encryption, compression, integrity checksum, etc.).
• In the present example, Cauchy Reed-Solomon has been selected as the encoding function (a generic example is shown inFIG. 4 and a specific example is shown inFIG. 5); the data segmenting protocol is to divide the data object into fixed sized data segments; and the per data segment encoding values include: a pillar width of 5, a decode threshold of 3, a read threshold of 4, and a write threshold of 4. In accordance with the data segmenting protocol, thecomputing device12 or16 divides the data (e.g., a file (e.g., text, video, audio, etc.), a data object, or other data arrangement) into a plurality of fixed sized data segments (e.g.,1 through Y of a fixed size in range of Kilo-bytes to Tera-bytes or more). The number of data segments created is dependent of the size of the data and the data segmenting protocol.
• Thecomputing device12 or16 then disperse storage error encodes a data segment using the selected encoding function (e.g., Cauchy Reed-Solomon) to produce a set of encoded data slices.FIG. 4 illustrates a generic Cauchy Reed-Solomon encoding function, which includes an encoding matrix (EM), a data matrix (DM), and a coded matrix (CM). The size of the encoding matrix (EM) is dependent on the pillar width number (T) and the decode threshold number (D) of selected per data segment encoding values. To produce the data matrix (DM), the data segment is divided into a plurality of data blocks and the data blocks are arranged into D number of rows with Z data blocks per row. Note that Z is a function of the number of data blocks created from the data segment and the decode threshold number (D). The coded matrix is produced by matrix multiplying the data matrix by the encoding matrix.
• FIG. 5 illustrates a specific example of Cauchy Reed-Solomon encoding with a pillar number (T) of five and decode threshold number of three. In this example, a first data segment is divided into twelve data blocks (D1-D12). The coded matrix includes five rows of coded data blocks, where the first row of X11-X14 corresponds to a first encoded data slice (EDS1_1), the second row of X21-X24 corresponds to a second encoded data slice (EDS2_1), the third row of X31-X34 corresponds to a third encoded data slice (EDS3_1), the fourth row of X41-X44 corresponds to a fourth encoded data slice (EDS4_1), and the fifth row of X51-X54 corresponds to a fifth encoded data slice (EDS5_1). Note that the second number of the EDS designation corresponds to the data segment number.
• Returning to the discussion ofFIG. 3, the computing device also creates a slice name (SN) for each encoded data slice (EDS) in the set of encoded data slices. A typical format for aslice name80 is shown inFIG. 6. As shown, the slice name (SN)80 includes a pillar number of the encoded data slice (e.g., one of 1-T), a data segment number (e.g., one of 1-Y), a vault identifier (ID), a data object identifier (ID), and may further include revision level information of the encoded data slices. The slice name functions as, at least part of, a DSN address for the encoded data slice for storage and retrieval from theDSN memory22.
• As a result of encoding, thecomputing device12 or16 produces a plurality of sets of encoded data slices, which are provided with their respective slice names to the storage units for storage. As shown, the first set of encoded data slices includes EDS1_1 through EDS5_1 and the first set of slice names includes SN1_1 through SN5_1 and the last set of encoded data slices includes EDS1_Y through EDS5_Y and the last set of slice names includes SN1_Y through SN5_Y.
• FIG. 7 is a schematic block diagram of an example of dispersed storage error decoding of a data object that was dispersed storage error encoded and stored in the example ofFIG. 4. In this example, thecomputing device12 or16 retrieves from the storage units at least the decode threshold number of encoded data slices per data segment. As a specific example, the computing device retrieves a read threshold number of encoded data slices.
• To recover a data segment from a decode threshold number of encoded data slices, the computing device uses a decoding function as shown inFIG. 8. As shown, the decoding function is essentially an inverse of the encoding function ofFIG. 4. The coded matrix includes a decode threshold number of rows (e.g., three in this example) and the decoding matrix in an inversion of the encoding matrix that includes the corresponding rows of the coded matrix. For example, if the coded matrix includesrows 1, 2, and 4, the encoding matrix is reduced torows 1, 2, and 4, and then inverted to produce the decoding matrix.
• FIGS. 9 and 10 illustrate particular embodiments in which content data stored in a user device, or data transmitted between a user device and an external device, can be automatically and conditionally archived using a distributed storage network (DSN). For example, a DS processing agent inside of a device (e.g., a smart phone, a land based phone, a laptop, desktop, the cable box, a home security system, a home automation system, etc.) grabs content, filters it, sorts it, and stores it in a DSN memory. For example: banking info, home video, pictures, e-mail, SMS, class notes, website visits, contacts, connections, grades, medical records, social networking messaging, and/or password lists. The DS processing agent correlates the data to preferences to determine how much content to save, and how often to store new content. The agent also determines operational parameters associated with the DSN based on one or more of the data type, age, priority, status, etc. In some implementations, the DS processing utilizes two different DS units to store different types of critical information, or to store particular types of critical information in pillars associated with two different DS units.
• FIG. 9 is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment of a computing system that includes a user device domain272, a dispersed storage (DS)processing unit96, such ascomputing device16, and a dispersed storage network (DSN)memory22. The user device domain272 includes user devices201-203. Note that the user device domain272 may include any number of user devices. TheDS processing unit96 includes aDS processing module94 and theDSN memory22 includes a plurality of 1^st-N^thDS units. Such user devices201-203 of the user device domain272 are associated with a common user such that data, information, and/or messages traversed by the user devices201-203 share relationship with the common user. TheDS processing unit96 provides user device201 access to theDSN memory22 when the user device201 does not include aDS processing module94, such asDS client module34.
• The user devices201-203 may include fixed or portable devices as discussed previously (e.g., a smart phone, a wired phone, a laptop computer, a tablet computer, a desktop computer, a cable set-top box, a smart appliance, a home security system, a home automation system, etc.). The user devices201-203 may include a computing core, one or more interfaces, theDS processing module94 and/or acollection module274. For example, user device201 includes thecollection module274. User device202 includes thecollection module274 and theDS processing module94.User device3 includes theDS processing module94 which includes thecollection module274. Thecollection module274 includes a functional entity (e.g., a software application that runs on a computing core or as part of a processing module) that intercepts user data, processes the user data to produce a data representation, and/or facilitates storage of the data representation in the DSN memory in accordance with one or more of metadata, preferences, and/or operational parameters (e.g., dispersed storage error coding parameters).
• In an example of operation, the user devices201-203 traverse the user data from time to time where the user data may include one or more of banking information, home video, video broadcasts, pictures from a user camera, e-mail messages, short message service messages, class notes, website visits, web downloads, contact lists, social networking connections, school grades, medical records, social networking messaging, password lists, and any other user data type associated with the user. Note that the user data may be communicated from one user device to another user device and/or from a user device to a module or unit external to the computing system. Further note that the user data may be stored in any one or more of the user devices201-203.
• In another example of operation, thecollection module274 of user device201 intercepts medical records that are being processed by user device201. Thecollection module274 determines metadata based on the medical records and determines preferences based on a user identifier (ID). Thecollection module274 determines whether to archive the medical records based in part on the medical records, the metadata, and the preferences. Thecollection module274 processes the medical records in accordance with the preferences to produce a data representation when thecollection module274 determines to archive the medical records. For example, thecollection module274 of the user device201 sends thedata representation275 to theDS processing unit96. Thedata representation275 may include one or more of the data, the metadata, the preferences, and storage guidance. TheDS processing unit96 determines operational parameters, creates encoded data slices based on the data representation, and sends the encoded data slices11 to theDSN memory22 with a store command to store the encoded data slices11. As another example, thecollection module274 of the user device201 determines operational parameters based in part on one or more of the user data, the metadata, the preferences, and the data representation. Next, thecollection module274 sends thedata representation275 to theDS processing unit96. In this example, thedata representation275 may include one or more of the operational parameters, the metadata, the preferences, and storage guidance. TheDS processing unit96 determines final operational parameters based in part on the operational parameters from thecollection module274, creates encoded data slices based on the data representation and the final operational parameters, and sends the encoded data slices11 to theDSN memory22 with a store command to store the encoded data slices11.
• In yet another example of operation, thecollection module274 of user device202 intercepts banking records that are being viewed by user device202. Thecollection module274 determines metadata based on the banking records and determines preferences based on a user ID. Thecollection module274 determines whether to archive the banking records based on the banking records, the metadata, and the preferences. Thecollection module274 processes the banking records in accordance with the preferences to produce a data representation when the collection module determines to archive the banking records. For example, thecollection module274 sends the data representation to theDS processing module94 of the 2^ndDS such that the data representation may include one or more of the metadata, the preferences, and storage guidance. TheDS processing module94 determines operational parameters, creates encoded data slices based on the data representation, and sends the encoded data slices11 to theDSN memory22 with a store command to store the encoded data slices11. As another example, thecollection module274 determines operational parameters based on one or more of the user data (e.g., the banking records), the metadata, the preferences, and the data representation. Thecollection module274 sends the data representation to theDS processing module94 of the 2^ndDS unit, wherein the data representation includes one or more of the operational parameters, the metadata, the preferences, and storage guidance. TheDS processing module94 determines final operational parameters based in part on the operational parameters from the collection module, creates encoded data slices based on the data representation and the final operational parameters, and sends the encoded data slices11 to theDSN memory22 with a store command to store the encoded data slices11.
• In a further example of operation, thecollection module274 of user device203 intercepts home video files that are being processed by user device203. Thecollection module274 determines metadata based on one or more of the home video files and determines preferences based in part on a user ID. Thecollection module274 determines whether to archive the home video files based on the home video files, the metadata, and the preferences. Thecollection module274 processes the home video files in accordance with the preferences to produce a data representation when thecollection module274 determines to archive the home video files. For example, thecollection module274 sends the data representation to theDS processing module94 of the 3^rdDS unit, wherein the data representation includes one or more of the metadata, the preferences, and storage guidance. TheDS processing module94 determines operational parameters, creates encoded data slices based on the data representation and the operational parameters, and sends the encoded data slices11 to theDSN memory22 with a store command to store the encoded data slices11. As another example, thecollection module274 determines operational parameters based on one or more of the user data (e.g., the home video files), the metadata, the preferences, and the data representation. Thecollection module274 sends the data representation to theDS processing module94 of the 3^rdDS unit, wherein the data representation includes one or more of the operational parameters, the metadata, the preferences, and storage guidance. TheDS processing module94 determines final operational parameters based on the operational parameters from thecollection module274, creates encoded data slices based on the data representation and the final operational parameters, and sends the encoded data slices11 to theDSN memory22 with a store command to store the encoded data slices11.
• FIG. 10 is a flowchart illustrating an example of archiving data. The method begins withstep276 where the processing module captures user data. Such capturing may include one or more of monitoring a data stream between a user device and an external entity, monitoring a data stream internally between functional elements within the user device, and retrieving stored data from a memory of the user device. The method continues atstep278 where the processing module determines metadata, wherein the metadata may include one or more of a user identifier (ID), a data type, a source indicator, a destination indicator, a context indicator, a priority indicator, a status indicator, a time indicator, and a date indicator. Such a determination may be based on one or more of the captured user data, current activity or activities of the user device (e.g., active processes, machines state, input/output utilization, memory utilization, etc.), geographic location information, clock information, a sensor input, a user record, a lookup, a command, a predetermination, and message. For example, the processing module determines the metadata to include a banking record data type indicator and a geographic location-based context indicator when the processing module determines the banking data type and geographic location information.
• The method continues withstep280 where the processing module determines preferences, wherein the preferences may include one or more of archiving priority by data type, archiving frequency, context priority, status priority, volume priority, performance requirements, and reliability requirements. Such a determination may be based on one or more of the user ID, the user data, the metadata, context information, a lookup, a predetermination, a command, a query response, and a message. The method continues atstep282 where the processing module determines whether to archive data based on one or more of the metadata, context information, a user ID, a lookup, the preferences, and a comparison of the metadata to one or more thresholds. For example, the processing module determines to archive data when the metadata indicates that the user data comprises new banking records. As another example, the processing module determines to not archive data when the metadata indicates that the user data comprises routine website access information. The method repeats back to step276 when the processing module determines not to archive data. The method continues to step284 when the processing module determines to archive data.
• The method continues atstep284 where the processing module processes the user data to produce a data representation, wherein the data representation may be in a compressed and/or a transformed form to facilitate storage in a dispersed storage network (DSN) memory. The processing module processes the data based on one or more of the captured data, the metadata, the preferences, a processing method table lookup, a command, a message, and a predetermination. For example, the processing module processes the user data to produce a data representation where a size of the data representation facilitates an optimization of DSN memory storage efficiency. For instance, the data representation size may be determined to align with a data segment and data slice sizes such that memory is not unnecessarily underutilized as data blocks are stored in dispersed storage (DS) units of the DSN memory.
• The method continues atstep286 where the processing module determines operational parameters. Such a determination may be based on one or more of the data representation, the captured user data, the metadata, the preferences, a processing method table lookup, a command, a message, and a predetermination. For example, the processing module determines a pillar width and decode threshold such that an above average reliability approach to storing the data representation is provided when the processing module determines that the metadata indicates that the user data comprises very high priority financial records requiring a very long term of storage without failure.
• The method continues atstep288 where the processing module facilitates storage of the data representation in the DSN memory. For example, the processing module dispersed storage error encodes the data representation utilizing the operational parameters to produce encoded data slices. Next, the processing module sends the encoded data slices to the DS units of the DSN memory for storage therein.
• It is noted that terminologies as may be used herein such as bit stream, stream, signal sequence, etc. (or their equivalents) have been used interchangeably to describe digital information whose content corresponds to any of a number of desired types (e.g., data, video, speech, text, graphics, audio, etc. any of which may generally be referred to as ‘data’).
• As may be used herein, the terms “substantially” and “approximately” provides an industry-accepted tolerance for its corresponding term and/or relativity between items. For some industries, an industry-accepted tolerance is less than one percent and, for other industries, the industry-accepted tolerance is 10 percent or more. Other examples of industry-accepted tolerance range from less than one percent to fifty percent. Industry-accepted tolerances correspond to, but are not limited to, component values, integrated circuit process variations, temperature variations, rise and fall times, thermal noise, dimensions, signaling errors, dropped packets, temperatures, pressures, material compositions, and/or performance metrics. Within an industry, tolerance variances of accepted tolerances may be more or less than a percentage level (e.g., dimension tolerance of less than +/−1%). Some relativity between items may range from a difference of less than a percentage level to a few percent. Other relativity between items may range from a difference of a few percent to magnitude of differences.
• As may also be used herein, the term(s) “configured to”, “operably coupled to”, “coupled to”, and/or “coupling” includes direct coupling between items and/or indirect coupling between items via an intervening item (e.g., an item includes, but is not limited to, a component, an element, a circuit, and/or a module) where, for an example of indirect coupling, the intervening item does not modify the information of a signal but may adjust its current level, voltage level, and/or power level. As may further be used herein, inferred coupling (i.e., where one element is coupled to another element by inference) includes direct and indirect coupling between two items in the same manner as “coupled to”.
• As may even further be used herein, the term “configured to”, “operable to”, “coupled to”, or “operably coupled to” indicates that an item includes one or more of power connections, input(s), output(s), etc., to perform, when activated, one or more its corresponding functions and may further include inferred coupling to one or more other items. As may still further be used herein, the term “associated with”, includes direct and/or indirect coupling of separate items and/or one item being embedded within another item.
• As may be used herein, the term “compares favorably”, indicates that a comparison between two or more items, signals, etc., provides a desired relationship. For example, when the desired relationship is thatsignal 1 has a greater magnitude thansignal 2, a favorable comparison may be achieved when the magnitude ofsignal 1 is greater than that ofsignal 2 or when the magnitude ofsignal 2 is less than that ofsignal 1. As may be used herein, the term “compares unfavorably”, indicates that a comparison between two or more items, signals, etc., fails to provide the desired relationship.
• As may be used herein, one or more claims may include, in a specific form of this generic form, the phrase “at least one of a, b, and c” or of this generic form “at least one of a, b, or c”, with more or less elements than “a”, “b”, and “c”. In either phrasing, the phrases are to be interpreted identically. In particular, “at least one of a, b, and c” is equivalent to “at least one of a, b, or c” and shall mean a, b, and/or c. As an example, it means: “a” only, “b” only, “c” only, “a” and “b”, “a” and “c”, “b” and “c”, and/or “a”, “b”, and “c”.
• As may also be used herein, the terms “processing module”, “processing circuit”, “processor”, “processing circuitry”, and/or “processing unit” may be a single processing device or a plurality of processing devices. Such a processing device may be a microprocessor, micro-controller, digital signal processor, microcomputer, central processing unit, field programmable gate array, programmable logic device, state machine, logic circuitry, analog circuitry, digital circuitry, and/or any device that manipulates signals (analog and/or digital) based on hard coding of the circuitry and/or operational instructions. The processing module, module, processing circuit, processing circuitry, and/or processing unit may be, or further include, memory and/or an integrated memory element, which may be a single memory device, a plurality of memory devices, and/or embedded circuitry of another processing module, module, processing circuit, processing circuitry, and/or processing unit. Such a memory device may be a read-only memory, random access memory, volatile memory, non-volatile memory, static memory, dynamic memory, flash memory, cache memory, and/or any device that stores digital information. Note that if the processing module, module, processing circuit, processing circuitry, and/or processing unit includes more than one processing device, the processing devices may be centrally located (e.g., directly coupled together via a wired and/or wireless bus structure) or may be distributedly located (e.g., cloud computing via indirect coupling via a local area network and/or a wide area network). Further note that if the processing module, module, processing circuit, processing circuitry and/or processing unit implements one or more of its functions via a state machine, analog circuitry, digital circuitry, and/or logic circuitry, the memory and/or memory element storing the corresponding operational instructions may be embedded within, or external to, the circuitry comprising the state machine, analog circuitry, digital circuitry, and/or logic circuitry. Still further note that, the memory element may store, and the processing module, module, processing circuit, processing circuitry and/or processing unit executes, hard coded and/or operational instructions corresponding to at least some of the steps and/or functions illustrated in one or more of the Figures. Such a memory device or memory element can be included in an article of manufacture.
• One or more embodiments have been described above with the aid of method steps illustrating the performance of specified functions and relationships thereof. The boundaries and sequence of these functional building blocks and method steps have been arbitrarily defined herein for convenience of description. Alternate boundaries and sequences can be defined so long as the specified functions and relationships are appropriately performed. Any such alternate boundaries or sequences are thus within the scope and spirit of the claims. Further, the boundaries of these functional building blocks have been arbitrarily defined for convenience of description. Alternate boundaries could be defined as long as the certain significant functions are appropriately performed. Similarly, flow diagram blocks may also have been arbitrarily defined herein to illustrate certain significant functionality.
• To the extent used, the flow diagram block boundaries and sequence could have been defined otherwise and still perform the certain significant functionality. Such alternate definitions of both functional building blocks and flow diagram blocks and sequences are thus within the scope and spirit of the claims. One of average skill in the art will also recognize that the functional building blocks, and other illustrative blocks, modules and components herein, can be implemented as illustrated or by discrete components, application specific integrated circuits, processors executing appropriate software and the like or any combination thereof.
• In addition, a flow diagram may include a “start” and/or “continue” indication. The “start” and “continue” indications reflect that the steps presented can optionally be incorporated in or otherwise used in conjunction with one or more other routines. In addition, a flow diagram may include an “end” and/or “continue” indication. The “end” and/or “continue” indications reflect that the steps presented can end as described and shown or optionally be incorporated in or otherwise used in conjunction with one or more other routines. In this context, “start” indicates the beginning of the first step presented and may be preceded by other activities not specifically shown. Further, the “continue” indication reflects that the steps presented may be performed multiple times and/or may be succeeded by other activities not specifically shown. Further, while a flow diagram indicates a particular ordering of steps, other orderings are likewise possible provided that the principles of causality are maintained.
• The one or more embodiments are used herein to illustrate one or more aspects, one or more features, one or more concepts, and/or one or more examples. A physical embodiment of an apparatus, an article of manufacture, a machine, and/or of a process may include one or more of the aspects, features, concepts, examples, etc. described with reference to one or more of the embodiments discussed herein. Further, from figure to figure, the embodiments may incorporate the same or similarly named functions, steps, modules, etc. that may use the same or different reference numbers and, as such, the functions, steps, modules, etc. may be the same or similar functions, steps, modules, etc. or different ones.
• Unless specifically stated to the contra, signals to, from, and/or between elements in a figure of any of the figures presented herein may be analog or digital, continuous time or discrete time, and single-ended or differential. For instance, if a signal path is shown as a single-ended path, it also represents a differential signal path. Similarly, if a signal path is shown as a differential path, it also represents a single-ended signal path. While one or more particular architectures are described herein, other architectures can likewise be implemented that use one or more data buses not expressly shown, direct connectivity between elements, and/or indirect coupling between other elements as recognized by one of average skill in the art.
• The term “module” is used in the description of one or more of the embodiments. A module implements one or more functions via a device such as a processor or other processing device or other hardware that may include or operate in association with a memory that stores operational instructions. A module may operate independently and/or in conjunction with software and/or firmware. As also used herein, a module may contain one or more sub-modules, each of which may be one or more modules.
• As may further be used herein, a computer readable memory includes one or more memory elements. A memory element may be a separate memory device, multiple memory devices, or a set of memory locations within a memory device. Such a memory device may be a read-only memory, random access memory, volatile memory, non-volatile memory, static memory, dynamic memory, flash memory, cache memory, and/or any device that stores digital information. The memory device may be in a form a solid-state memory, a hard drive memory, cloud memory, thumb drive, server memory, computing device memory, and/or other physical medium for storing digital information.
• While particular combinations of various functions and features of the one or more embodiments have been expressly described herein, other combinations of these features and functions are likewise possible. The present disclosure is not limited by the particular examples disclosed herein and expressly incorporates these other combinations.

Claims (20)

What is claimed is:

1. A method comprises:

encoding data via erasure coding to produce a plurality of data slices;

determining a plurality of identifiers corresponding to the data;

generating integrity information based on the plurality of identifiers by performing a cyclic redundancy check; and

storing the plurality of data slices, the plurality of identifiers, and the integrity information in a storage system.

2. The method ofclaim 1, wherein the data is encoded in accordance with a width, and wherein a corresponding decoding process can accommodate a number of failures equal to the width minus an error coding parameter utilized to encode the data.

3. The method ofclaim 2, wherein the width is greater than a size of the data.

4. The method ofclaim 1, further comprising:

performing data storage integrity verification by periodically retrieving data slices of the plurality of data slices from the storage system to verify whether one or more data slices of the plurality of data slices have been corrupted.

5. The method ofclaim 1, wherein the plurality of identifiers identify a virtual memory space that maps to storage units of the storage system.

6. The method ofclaim 1, wherein the plurality of identifiers are determined in conjunction with determining a plurality of virtual memory addresses corresponding to the plurality of data slices, wherein each virtual memory address of the plurality of virtual memory addresses is associated with a physical address, and wherein the integrity information is generated based on the plurality of virtual memory addresses.

7. The method ofclaim 1, wherein storing the plurality of data slices, the plurality of identifiers, and the integrity information in the storage system includes sending the plurality of data slices, the plurality of identifiers, and the integrity information to a plurality of storage units of the storage system for storage therein.

8. The method ofclaim 7, wherein the plurality of data slices and the plurality of identifiers and the integrity information are sent to the plurality of storage units based on operational health of the plurality of storage units.

9. The method ofclaim 1, wherein determining the integrity information further comprises:

generating data file integrity information for at least some of the plurality of identifiers; and

generating the integrity information based on the data file integrity information.

10. The method ofclaim 1, wherein the data is dispersed storage error encoded in accordance with dispersed storage error coding parameters to produce the plurality of data slices.

11. A computer comprises:

an interface;

a memory; and

a processing module operable to:

encode data via erasure coding to produce a plurality of data slices;

determine a plurality of identifiers corresponding to the data;

generate integrity information based on the plurality of identifiers by performing a cyclic redundancy check; and

store the plurality of data slices, the plurality of identifiers, and the integrity information in a storage system.

12. The computer ofclaim 11, wherein the data is encoded in accordance with a width, and wherein a corresponding decoding process can accommodate a number of failures equal to the width minus an error coding parameter algorithm utilized to encode the data.

13. The computer ofclaim 12, wherein the width is greater than a size of the data.

14. The computer ofclaim 11, wherein the processing module further functions to:

perform data storage integrity verification by periodically retrieving data slices of the plurality of data slices from the storage system to verify whether one or more data slices of the plurality of data slices have been corrupted.

15. The computer ofclaim 11, wherein the plurality of identifiers identify a virtual memory space that maps to storage units of the storage system.

16. The computer ofclaim 11, wherein the plurality of identifiers are determined in conjunction with determining a plurality of virtual memory addresses corresponding to the plurality of data slices, wherein each virtual memory address of the plurality of virtual memory addresses is associated with a physical address, and wherein the integrity information is generated based on the plurality of virtual memory addresses.

17. The computer ofclaim 11, wherein storing the plurality of data slices, the plurality of identifiers, and the integrity information in the storage system includes sending the plurality of data slices, the plurality of identifiers and the integrity information to a plurality of storage units of the storage system for storage therein.

18. The computer ofclaim 17, wherein the plurality of data slices and the plurality of identifiers and the integrity information are sent to the plurality of storage units based on operational health of the plurality of storage units.

19. The computer ofclaim 11, wherein determining the integrity information further comprises:

generating data file integrity information for at least some of the plurality of identifiers; and

generating the integrity information based on the data file integrity information.

20. The computer ofclaim 11, wherein the data is dispersed storage error encoded in accordance with dispersed storage error coding parameters to produce the plurality of data slices.

Images